1
|
Safarians G, Sohrabi A, Solomon I, Xiao W, Bastola S, Rajput BW, Epperson M, Rosenzweig I, Tamura K, Singer B, Huang J, Harrison MJ, Sanazzaro T, Condro MC, Kornblum HI, Seidlits SK. Glioblastoma Spheroid Invasion through Soft, Brain-Like Matrices Depends on Hyaluronic Acid-CD44 Interactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2203143. [PMID: 36694362 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan abundant in the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), correlates with worse clinical outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. GBM cells aggressively invade the brain parenchyma while encountering spatiotemporal changes in their local ECM, including HA concentration. To investigate how varying HA concentrations affect GBM invasion, patient-derived GBM cells are cultured within a soft, 3D matrix in which HA concentration is precisely varied and cell migration observed. Data demonstrate that HA concentration can determine the invasive activity of patient-derived GBM cells in a biphasic and highly sensitive manner, where the absolute concentration of HA at which cell migration peaked is specific to each patient-derived line. Furthermore, evidence that this response relies on phosphorylated ezrin, which interacts with the intracellular domain of HA-engaged CD44 to effectively link the actin cytoskeleton to the local ECM is provided. Overall, this study highlights CD44-HA binding as a major mediator of GBM cell migration that acts independently of integrins and focal adhesion complexes and suggests that targeting HA-CD44-ezrin interactions represents a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent tumor cell invasion in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gevick Safarians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Itay Solomon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Weikun Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Soniya Bastola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Bushra W Rajput
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mary Epperson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Isabella Rosenzweig
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kelly Tamura
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Breahna Singer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mollie J Harrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Talia Sanazzaro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barik GK, Sahay O, Paul D, Santra MK. Ezrin gone rogue in cancer progression and metastasis: An enticing therapeutic target. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188753. [PMID: 35752404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer as it remains the most complicated, devastating, and enigmatic aspect of cancer. Several decades of extensive research have identified several key players closely associated with metastasis. Among these players, cytoskeletal linker Ezrin (the founding member of the ERM (Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin) family) was identified as a critical promoter of metastasis in pediatric cancers in the early 21st century. Ezrin was discovered 40 years ago as a aminor component of intestinal epithelial microvillus core protein, which is enriched in actin-containing cell surface structures. It controls gastric acid secretion and plays diverse physiological roles including maintaining cell polarity, regulating cell adhesion, cell motility and morphogenesis. Extensive research for more than two decades evinces that Ezrin is frequently dysregulated in several human cancers. Overexpression, altered subcellular localization and/or aberrant activation of Ezrin are closely associated with higher metastatic incidence and patient mortality, thereby justifying Ezrin as a valuable prognostic biomarker in cancer. Ezrin plays multifaceted role in multiple aspects of cancer, with its significant contribution in the complex metastatic cascade, through reorganizing the cytoskeleton and deregulating various cellular signaling pathways. Current preclinical studies using genetic and/or pharmacological approaches reveal that inactivation of Ezrin results in significant inhibition of Ezrin-mediated tumor growth and metastasis as well as increase in the sensitivity of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we discuss the recent advances illuminating the molecular mechanisms responsible for Ezrin dysregulation in cancer and its pleiotropic role in cancer progression and metastasis. We also highlight its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in various cancers. More importantly, we put forward some potential questions, which we strongly believe, will stimulate both basic and translational research to better understand Ezrin-mediated malignancy, ultimately leading to the development of Ezrin-targeted cancer therapy for the betterment of human life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Barik
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Osheen Sahay
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Debasish Paul
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pardo-Sánchez JM, Mancheño N, Cerón J, Jordá C, Ansotegui E, Juan Ó, Palanca S, Cremades A, Gandía C, Farràs R. Increased Tumor Growth Rate and Mesenchymal Properties of NSCLC-Patient-Derived Xenograft Models during Serial Transplantation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122980. [PMID: 34198671 PMCID: PMC8232339 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The high mortality is very often a consequence of its late diagnosis when the cancer is already locally advanced or has disseminated. Advances in the study of NSCLC tumors have been achieved by using in vivo models, such as patient-derived xenografts. Apart from drug screening, this approach may also be useful for study of the biology of the tumors. In the present study, surgically resected primary lung cancer samples (n = 33) were implanted in immunodeficient mice, and nine were engrafted successfully, including seven adenocarcinomas, one squamous-cell carcinoma, and one large-cell carcinoma. ADC tumors bearing the KRAS-G12C mutation were the most frequently engrafted in our PDX collection. Protein expression of vimentin, ezrin, and Ki67 were evaluated in NSCLC primary tumors and during serial transplantation by immunohistochemistry, using H-score. Our data indicated a more suitable environment for solid adenocarcinoma, compared to other lung tumor subtypes, to grow and preserve its architecture in mice, and a correlation between higher vimentin and ezrin expression in solid adenocarcinomas. A correlation between high vimentin expression and lung adenocarcinoma tumors bearing KRAS-G12C mutation was also observed. In addition, tumor evolution towards more proliferative and mesenchymal phenotypes was already observed in early PDX tumor passages. These PDX models provide a valuable platform for biomarker discovery and drug screening against tumor growth and EMT for lung cancer translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Pardo-Sánchez
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.P.-S.); (C.G.)
| | - Nuria Mancheño
- Department of Pathology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - José Cerón
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Carlos Jordá
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.C.); (C.J.)
| | - Emilio Ansotegui
- Department of Pulmonology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Óscar Juan
- Department of Medical Oncology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sarai Palanca
- Molecular Biology Unit, Service of Clinical Analysis, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Antonio Cremades
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, 46600 Alzira, Spain;
| | - Carolina Gandía
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.P.-S.); (C.G.)
| | - Rosa Farràs
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain; (J.M.P.-S.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song Y, Ma X, Zhang M, Wang M, Wang G, Ye Y, Xia W. Ezrin Mediates Invasion and Metastasis in Tumorigenesis: A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:588801. [PMID: 33240887 PMCID: PMC7683424 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.588801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, as encoded by the EZR gene, is a member of the Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) family. The ERM family includes three highly related actin filament binding proteins, Ezrin, Radixin, and Moesin. These three members share similar structural properties containing an N-terminal domain named FERM, a central helical linker region, and a C-terminal domain that mediates the interaction with F-actin. Ezrin protein is highly regulated through the conformational change between a closed, inactivate form and an open, active form. As a membrane-cytoskeleton linker protein, Ezrin facilitates numerous signal transductions in tumorigenesis and mediates diverse essential functions through interactions with a variety of growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that Ezrin is an oncogene protein, as high levels of Ezrin are associated with metastatic behavior in various types of cancer. The diverse functions attributed to Ezrin and the understanding of how Ezrin drives the deadly process of metastasis are complex and often controversial. Here by reviewing recent findings across a wide spectrum of cancer types we will highlight the structures, protein interactions and oncogenic roles of Ezrin as well as the emerging therapeutic agents targeting Ezrin. This review provides a comprehensive framework to guide future studies of Ezrin and other ERM proteins in basic and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Song
- Central Laboratory, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaokun Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Central Laboratory, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang X, Li N, Han A, Wang Y, Lin Z, Yang Y. Ezrin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating glycolytic reprogramming. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4061-4074. [PMID: 32639665 PMCID: PMC7648033 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, one of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins, is involved in the formation of cell membrane processes and has been implicated in the promotion of cancer proliferation and metastasis. However, the possible role of ezrin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and glycolysis reprogramming has remained unclear. In this study, we found that ezrin was upregulated in HCC tissues, and its overexpression was linked with HCC patients' aggressive tumor characteristics and poor prognosis. Functional experiments further revealed that ezrin overexpression promoted HCC cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression and angiogenesis. In addition, by measuring glucose consumption, lactate production, ATP levels and the expression of glucose metabolism-related markers in HCC cells, we investigated whether ezrin regulated glucose metabolism. Moreover, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) affected ezrin-mediated proliferation, migration and EMT of HCC cells, which suggested that ezrin may, at least in part, promote HCC progression by regulating glycolysis reprogramming. Based on our results, we proposed that ezrin was involved in HCC progression and may be a valid prognostic marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of VirologyWenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang X, Ruan Q, Zhai Y, Lu D, Li C, Fu Y, Zheng Z, Song Y, Guo J. Baicalein inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis by reducing ezrin tension in inflammation microenvironment. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3802-3812. [PMID: 32691974 PMCID: PMC7540981 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a flavonoid phytochemical, has been shown to be effective as an anti‐metastatic agent for various cancers, especially for non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying mechanism of how baicalein targets cellular processes during NSCLC cell invasion and metastasis remains elusive. In this study, we found that non‐cytotoxic concentrations of baicalein still retained anti‐dissemination activity both in vitro and in vivo. Using a genetic encoding tension probe based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory, baicalein was shown to significantly decrease ezrin tension by downregulating cellular ezrin S‐nitrosylation (SNO) levels in NSCLC cells in the inflammatory microenvironment. Decreased ezrin tension inhibited the formation of an aggressive phenotype of NSCLC cell and leader cell in collective migration, and subsequently suppressed NSCLC dissemination. Baicalein restrained SNO‐mediated ezrin tension by decreasing iNOS expression levels. Overall this study demonstrates the novel mechanism used by baicalein to suppress NSCLC invasion and metastasis from a mechanopharmacology perspective and illustrates a new direction for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinli Ruan
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqian Zhai
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Lu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahan Fu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihui Zheng
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Connell DR, Rodriguez CO, Sternberg RA, Singh K, Barger A, Garrett LD. Biological behaviour and ezrin expression in canine rhabdomyosarcomas: 25 cases (1990-2012). Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:675-682. [PMID: 32246519 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
There are few published reports of canine rhabdomyosarcomas. In human paediatrics, rhabdomyosarcomas account for 5%-10% of all tumours and >50% of soft tissue sarcomas. They have an aggressive biologic behaviour; most patients develop diffuse metastatic disease. Ezrin, a cytoskeleton linker protein, has been correlated with metastasis in a number of tumours, including rhabdomyosarcomas. The goal of this study was to describe dogs with non-urinary rhabdomyosarcomas including clinical findings, ezrin expression and outcome. Twenty-five dogs with rhabdomyosarcomas were identified from two institutions' databases. Signalment, primary tumour location, cytologic and histologic findings, metastatic sites, treatments, survival time and necropsy results were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining for ezrin expression was performed on archived samples; cellular localization of ezrin was characterized. The mean and median age of all patients was 4.3 and 2 years, respectively. Subcutaneous and retrobulbar/orbital were the most common primary tumour locations. Sixteen dogs had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Three dogs presented with diffuse disease where a primary tumour could not be identified. A round cell tumour was the initial diagnosis in 32% of cases, and 76% of cases required immunohistochemistry to establish the diagnosis. The median survival was 10 days. Twenty-one cases had archived samples available for ezrin staining; all but one was positive and exhibited both membranous and cytoplasmic localization. Rhabdomyosarcomas occur in young dogs, may have a round cell appearance, and exhibit aggressive biologic behaviour. Given ezrin's defined role in metastasis, its observed expression in the tumours in this study suggest its possible role in canine rhabdomyosarcoma's aggressive biologic behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana R Connell
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Carlos O Rodriguez
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rachel A Sternberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Anne Barger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Laura D Garrett
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xue Y, Bhushan B, Mars WM, Bowen W, Tao J, Orr A, Stoops J, Yu Y, Luo J, Duncan AW, Michalopoulos GK. Phosphorylated Ezrin (Thr567) Regulates Hippo Pathway and Yes-Associated Protein (Yap) in Liver. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1427-1437. [PMID: 32289287 PMCID: PMC10069283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The activation of CD81 [the portal of entry of hepatitis C virus (HCV)] by agonistic antibody results in phosphorylation of Ezrin via Syk kinase and is associated with inactivation of the Hippo pathway and increase in yes-associated protein (Yap1). The opposite occurs when glypican-3 or E2 protein of HCV binds to CD81. Hepatocyte-specific glypican-3 transgenic mice have decreased levels of phosphorylated (p)-Ezrin (Thr567) and Yap, increased Hippo activity, and suppressed liver regeneration. The role of Ezrin in these processes has been speculated, but not proved. We show that Ezrin has a direct role in the regulation of Hippo pathway and Yap. Forced expression of plasmids expressing mutant Ezrin (T567D) that mimics p-Ezrin (Thr567) suppressed Hippo activity and activated Yap signaling in hepatocytes in vivo and enhanced activation of pathways of β-catenin and leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) and LGR5 receptors. Hepatoma cell lines JM1 and JM2 have decreased CD81 expression and Hippo activity and up-regulated p-Ezrin (T567). NSC668394, a p-Ezrin (Thr567) antagonist, significantly decreased hepatoma cell proliferation. We additionally show that p-Ezrin (T567) is controlled by epidermal growth factor receptor and MET. Ezrin phosphorylation, mediated by CD81-associated Syk kinase, is directly involved in regulation of Hippo pathway, Yap levels, and growth of normal and neoplastic hepatocytes. The finding has mechanistic and potentially therapeutic applications in hepatocyte growth biology, hepatocellular carcinoma, and HCV pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Xue
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wendy M Mars
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - William Bowen
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Junyan Tao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne Orr
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Stoops
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yanping Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jianhua Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew W Duncan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins Diminish TGF-β 1/Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020356. [PMID: 32028718 PMCID: PMC7072527 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can inhibit transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mediated EMT. Although compartmentalization via A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) is central to cAMP signaling, functional studies regarding their therapeutic value in the lung EMT process are lacking. The human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) and primary human airway epithelial (pHAE) cells were exposed to TGF-β1. Epithelial (E-cadherin, ZO-1) and mesenchymal markers (collagen Ӏ, α-SMA, fibronectin) were analyzed (mRNA, protein). ELISA measured TGF-β1 release. TGF-β1-sensitive AKAPs Ezrin, AKAP95 and Yotiao were silenced while using siRNA. Cell migration was analyzed by wound healing assay, xCELLigence, Incucyte. Prior to TGF-β1, dibutyryl-cAMP (dbcAMP), fenoterol, rolipram, cilostamide, and forskolin were used to elevate intracellular cAMP. TGF-β1 induced morphological changes, decreased E-cadherin, but increased collagen Ӏ and cell migration, a process that was reversed by the inhibitor of δ/epsilon casein kinase I, PF-670462. TGF-β1 altered (mRNA, protein) expression of Ezrin, AKAP95, and Yotiao. St-Ht31, the AKAP antagonist, decreased E-cadherin (mRNA, protein), but counteracted TGF-β1-induced collagen Ӏ upregulation. Cigarette smoke (CS) increased TGF-β1 release, activated TGF signaling, augmented cell migration, and reduced E-cadherin expression, a process that was blocked by TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody. The silencing of Ezrin, AKAP95, and Yotiao diminished TGF-β1-induced collagen Ӏ expression, as well as TGF-β1-induced cell migration. Fenoterol, rolipram, and cilostamide, in AKAP silenced cells, pointed to distinct cAMP compartments. We conclude that Ezrin, AKAP95, and Yotiao promote TGF-β1-mediated EMT, linked to a TGF-β1 release by CS. AKAP members might define the ability of fenoterol, rolipram, and cilostamide to modulate the EMT process, and they might represent potential relevant targets in the treatment of COPD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang X, Flores LR, Keeling MC, Sliogeryte K, Gavara N. Ezrin Phosphorylation at T567 Modulates Cell Migration, Mechanical Properties, and Cytoskeletal Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020435. [PMID: 31936668 PMCID: PMC7013973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, a member of the ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of proteins, serves as a crosslinker between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. By doing so, it provides structural links to strengthen the connection between the cell cortex and the plasma membrane, acting also as a signal transducer in multiple pathways during migration, proliferation, and endocytosis. In this study, we investigated the role of ezrin phosphorylation and its intracellular localization on cell motility, cytoskeleton organization, and cell stiffness, using fluorescence live-cell imaging, image quantification, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results show that cells expressing constitutively active ezrin T567D (phosphomimetic) migrate faster and in a more directional manner, especially when ezrin accumulates at the cell rear. Similarly, image quantification results reveal that transfection with ezrin T567D alters the cell’s gross morphology and decreases cortical stiffness. In contrast, constitutively inactive ezrin T567A accumulates around the nucleus, and although it does not impair cell migration, it leads to a significant buildup of actin fibers, a decrease in nuclear volume, and an increase in cytoskeletal stiffness. Finally, cell transfection with the dominant negative ezrin FERM domain induces significant morphological and nuclear changes and affects actin, microtubules, and the intermediate filament vimentin, resulting in cytoskeletal fibers that are longer, thicker, and more aligned. Collectively, our results suggest that ezrin’s phosphorylation state and its intracellular localization plays a pivotal role in cell migration, modulating also biophysical properties, such as membrane–cortex linkage, cytoskeletal and nuclear organization, and the mechanical properties of cells.
Collapse
|
11
|
Dou M, Clair G, Tsai CF, Xu K, Chrisler WB, Sontag RL, Zhao R, Moore RJ, Liu T, Pasa-Tolic L, Smith RD, Shi T, Adkins JN, Qian WJ, Kelly RT, Ansong C, Zhu Y. High-Throughput Single Cell Proteomics Enabled by Multiplex Isobaric Labeling in a Nanodroplet Sample Preparation Platform. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13119-13127. [PMID: 31509397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective extension of mass spectrometry-based proteomics to single cells remains challenging. Herein we combined microfluidic nanodroplet technology with tandem mass tag (TMT) isobaric labeling to significantly improve analysis throughput and proteome coverage for single mammalian cells. Isobaric labeling facilitated multiplex analysis of single cell-sized protein quantities to a depth of ∼1 600 proteins with a median CV of 10.9% and correlation coefficient of 0.98. To demonstrate in-depth high throughput single cell analysis, the platform was applied to measure protein expression in 72 single cells from three murine cell populations (epithelial, immune, and endothelial cells) in <2 days instrument time with over 2 300 proteins identified. Principal component analysis grouped the single cells into three distinct populations based on protein expression with each population characterized by well-known cell-type specific markers. Our platform enables high throughput and unbiased characterization of single cell heterogeneity at the proteome level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maowei Dou
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Geremy Clair
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Kerui Xu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - William B Chrisler
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Ryan L Sontag
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Rui Zhao
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Tujin Shi
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Joshua N Adkins
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Ryan T Kelly
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Brigham Young University , Provo , Utah 84604 , United States
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Ying Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gerashchenko TS, Novikov NM, Krakhmal NV, Zolotaryova SY, Zavyalova MV, Cherdyntseva NV, Denisov EV, Perelmuter VM. Markers of Cancer Cell Invasion: Are They Good Enough? J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1092. [PMID: 31344926 PMCID: PMC6723901 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion, or directed migration of tumor cells into adjacent tissues, is one of the hallmarks of cancer and the first step towards metastasis. Penetrating to adjacent tissues, tumor cells form the so-called invasive front/edge. The cellular plasticity afforded by different kinds of phenotypic transitions (epithelial-mesenchymal, collective-amoeboid, mesenchymal-amoeboid, and vice versa) significantly contributes to the diversity of cancer cell invasion patterns and mechanisms. Nevertheless, despite the advances in the understanding of invasion, it is problematic to identify tumor cells with the motile phenotype in cancer tissue specimens due to the absence of reliable and acceptable molecular markers. In this review, we summarize the current information about molecules such as extracellular matrix components, factors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proteases, cell adhesion, and actin cytoskeleton proteins involved in cell migration and invasion that could be used as invasive markers and discuss their advantages and limitations. Based on the reviewed data, we conclude that future studies focused on the identification of specific invasive markers should use new models one of which may be the intratumor morphological heterogeneity in breast cancer reflecting different patterns of cancer cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S Gerashchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Nikita M Novikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Krakhmal
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sofia Y Zolotaryova
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina V Zavyalova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Cherdyntseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Denisov
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir M Perelmuter
- Department of General and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pei Y, Yao Q, Li Y, Zhang X, Xie B. microRNA-211 regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration/invasion in human osteosarcoma via targeting EZRIN. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:48. [PMID: 31333725 PMCID: PMC6617937 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, microRNA-211 (miR211) has been considered as a tumor suppressor in multiple malignancies. However, the function of miR211 in human osteosarcoma has not been explored intensively so far. In this study, the relationship between miR211 and EZRIN was analyzed in human osteosarcoma. Methods The expression levels of miR211 and EZRIN were measured in both human osteosarcoma cells and tissues. The direct regulatory relationship between miR211 and EZRIN was evaluated using dual-luciferase assay. The effect of miR211 and EZRIN overexpression on cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and apoptosis was detected. Results The expression of miR211 was obviously lower in osteosarcoma tissues than paracancerous tissues. EZRIN was identified as the direct target of miR211, and up-regulation of miR211 increased the percentage of cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell proliferation as well as cell migration/invasion via directly regulating EZRIN. Conclusions Our study indicated that miR211 has an important role in the development and progress of osteosarcoma, and it might become a novel target in the diagnosis and treatment of human osteosarcoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11658-019-0173-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Pei
- 1Central laboratory, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, Xiamen, 361004 China.,2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital), Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Qin Yao
- 1Central laboratory, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, Xiamen, 361004 China.,2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Xiamen University Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital), Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Yingchao Li
- 3Department of Spine Surgery, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, No. 201 Hubin South Road, Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- 4Department of Rehabilitation, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, Xiamen, 361004 China
| | - Bozhen Xie
- 3Department of Spine Surgery, ZhongShan Hospital XiaMen University, No. 201 Hubin South Road, Xiamen, 361004 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang X, Li G, Guo Y, Song Y, Chen L, Ruan Q, Wang Y, Sun L, Hu Y, Zhou J, Ren B, Guo J. Regulation of ezrin tension by S-nitrosylation mediates non-small cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis. Theranostics 2019; 9:2555-2571. [PMID: 31131053 PMCID: PMC6525990 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis depend on accurate and rapid modulation of both chemical and mechanical activities. The S-nitrosylation (SNO) of membrane cytoskeletal cross-linker protein ezrin may regulate the malignant process in a tension-dependent manner. Methods: The level of nitrosylated ezrin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and A549 cell line were evaluated by biotin-switch assay. A few cysteine mutated plasmids of ezrin were used to identify active site for SNO. Newly designed ezrin or mutated-ezrin tension probes based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory were applied to visually observe real-time tension changes. Cytoskeleton depolymerizing and motor molecular inhibiting experiments were performed to reveal the alternation of the mechanical property of ezrin after SNO. Transwell assays and xenograft mouse model were used to assess aggressiveness of A549 cells in different groups. Fluorescent staining was also applied to examine cellular location and structures. Results: High inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels were observed to induce ezrin-SNO, and then promote malignant behaviors of NSCLC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Cys117 was identified as the only active site for ezrin-SNO. Meanwhile, an increased level of ezrin tension was observed after iNOS-induced SNO. Enhanced ezrin tension was positively correlated with aggressiveness of NSCLC. Moreover, Microfilament (MF) forces instead of microtubule (MT) forces played dominant roles in modulating ezrin tension, especially after ezrin nitrosylation. Conclusion: This study revealed a SNO-associated mechanism underlying the mechanical tension of ezrin. Ezrin-SNO promotes NSCLC cells invasion and metastasis through facilitating mechanical transduction from the cytoskeleton to the membrane. These studies implicate the therapeutic potential by targeting ezrin in the inhibition NSCLC invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zuo H, Cattani-Cavalieri I, Valença SS, Musheshe N, Schmidt M. Function of cAMP scaffolds in obstructive lung disease: Focus on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2402-2415. [PMID: 30714124 PMCID: PMC6592852 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, research has defined cAMP as one of the central cellular nodes in sensing and integrating multiple pathways and as a pivotal role player in lung pathophysiology. Obstructive lung disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are characterized by a persistent and progressive airflow limitation and by oxidative stress from endogenous and exogenous insults. The extent of airflow obstruction depends on the relative deposition of different constituents of the extracellular matrix, a process related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and which subsequently results in airway fibrosis. Oxidative stress from endogenous and also from exogenous sources causes a profound worsening of COPD. Here we describe how cAMP scaffolds and their different signalosomes in different subcellular compartments may contribute to COPD. Future research will require translational studies to alleviate disease symptoms by pharmacologically targeting the cAMP scaffolds. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Adrenoceptors-New Roles for Old Players. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.14/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiao Zuo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nshunge Musheshe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ezrin promotes breast cancer progression by modulating AKT signals. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:703-713. [PMID: 30804430 PMCID: PMC6461860 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ezrin, which is known as a cytoskeleton linker protein, is closely linked with the metastatic progression of cancer and is frequently abnormally expressed in aggressive cancer types. However, the possible involvement of Ezrin in metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer remains unclear. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis of Ezrin was performed on both BC samples (n = 117) and normal epithelium samples (n = 47). In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to validate the effect of Ezrin on AKT pathway-mediated BC progression. Results In this study, Ezrin was found to be upregulated in BC tissues, which was linked with aggressive tumour characteristics and poor prognosis. Moreover, we showed that Ezrin promotes BC proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analysis showed that Ezrin interacted with AKT, and promoted its kinase activity, thereby regulating the AKT pathway in BC. Conclusions In all, we propose a model for an Ezrin/AKT oncoprotein axis, which provides novel insight into how Ezrin contributes to BC progression.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yao Q, Pei Y, Zhang X, Xie B. microRNA-96 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in human osteosarcoma via target regulation of EZRIN. Life Sci 2018; 203:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
18
|
Jansen SR, Poppinga WJ, de Jager W, Lezoualc'h F, Cheng X, Wieland T, Yarwood SJ, Gosens R, Schmidt M. Epac1 links prostaglandin E2 to β-catenin-dependent transcription during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46354-46370. [PMID: 27344171 PMCID: PMC5216803 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In epithelial cells, β-catenin is localized at cell-cell junctions where it stabilizes adherens junctions. When these junctions are disrupted, β-catenin can translocate to the nucleus where it functions as a transcriptional cofactor. Recent research has indicated that PGE2 enhances the nuclear function of β-catenin through cyclic AMP. Here, we aim to study the role of the cyclic AMP effector Epac in β-catenin activation by PGE2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. We show that PGE2 induces a down-regulation of E-cadherin, promotes cell migration and enhances β-catenin translocation to the nucleus. This results in β-catenin-dependent gene transcription. We also observed increased expression of Epac1. Inhibition of Epac1 activity using the CE3F4 compound or Epac1 siRNA abolished the effects of PGE2 on β-catenin. Further, we observed that Epac1 and β-catenin associate together. Expression of an Epac1 mutant with a deletion in the nuclear pore localization sequence prevents this association. Furthermore, the scaffold protein Ezrin was shown to be required to link Epac1 to β-catenin. This study indicates a novel role for Epac1 in PGE2-induced EMT and subsequent activation of β-catenin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepp R Jansen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilfred J Poppinga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim de Jager
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Inserm UMR-1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Yarwood
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Park J, Jang JH, Oh S, Kim M, Shin C, Jeong M, Heo K, Park JB, Kim SR, Oh YS. LPA-induced migration of ovarian cancer cells requires activation of ERM proteins via LPA 1 and LPA 2. Cell Signal 2018; 44:138-147. [PMID: 29329782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has been implicated in the pathology of human ovarian cancer. This phospholipid elicits a wide range of cancer cell responses, such as proliferation, trans-differentiation, migration, and invasion, via various G-protein-coupled LPA receptors (LPARs). Here, we explored the cellular signaling pathway via which LPA induces migration of ovarian cancer cells. LPA induced robust phosphorylation of ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins, which are membrane-cytoskeleton linkers, in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Among the LPAR subtypes expressed in these cells, LPA1 and LPA2, but not LPA3, induced phosphorylation of ERM proteins at their C-termini. This phosphorylation was dependent on the Gα12/13/RhoA pathway, but not on the Gαq/Ca2+/PKC or Gαs/adenylate cyclase/PKA pathway. The activated ERM proteins mediated cytoskeletal reorganization and formation of membrane protrusions in OVCAR-3 cells. Importantly, LPA-induced migration of OVCAR-3 cells was completely abolished not only by gene silencing of LPA1 or LPA2, but also by overexpression of a dominant negative ezrin mutant (ezrin-T567A). Taken together, this study demonstrates that the LPA1/LPA2/ERM pathway mediates LPA-induced migration of ovarian cancer cells. These findings may provide a potential therapeutic target to prevent metastatic progression of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongrak Park
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Jang
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojin Oh
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Kim
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhoon Shin
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Jeong
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Heo
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Park
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Institute of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Oh
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Reggi E, Diviani D. The role of A-kinase anchoring proteins in cancer development. Cell Signal 2017; 40:143-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
21
|
Kong J, Di C, Piao J, Sun J, Han L, Chen L, Yan G, Lin Z. Ezrin contributes to cervical cancer progression through induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19631-42. [PMID: 26933912 PMCID: PMC4991407 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in females worldwide. The treatment options for advanced cervical cancer are limited, leading to high mortality. Ezrin is a membrane-cytoskeleton-binding protein recently reported to act as a tumor promoter, and we previously indicated that the aberrant localization and overexpression of Ezrin could be an independent effective biomarker for prognostic evaluation of cervical cancers. In this study, we identified Ezrin as a regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in cervical cancer. Ezrin knock-down inhibited anchorage-independent growth, cell migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. EMT was inhibited in Ezrin-depleted cells, with up-regulation of E-cadherin and Cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) and down-regulation of mesenchymal markers. Ezrin knock-down also induced Akt phosphorylation. These results implicate Ezrin as an EMT regulator and tumor promoter in cervical cancer, and down-regulation of Ezrin suppressed cervical cancer progression, possibly via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Furthermore, the expression pattern of Ezrin protein was closely related with the lymphovascular invasion status of cervical cancer by immunohistochemistry, and the survival analysis revealed that the cervical cancer patients with the perinuclear Ezrin expression pattern had longer survival time than those with the cytoplasmic Ezrin expression pattern. Ezrin thus represents a promising target for the development of novel and effective strategies aimed at preventing the progression of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jienan Kong
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Chunchan Di
- Department of Pathology, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo 255200, China
| | - Junjie Piao
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Longzhe Han
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Guanghai Yan
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Solanki HS, Babu N, Jain AP, Bhat MY, Puttamallesh VN, Advani J, Raja R, Mangalaparthi KK, Kumar MM, Prasad TSK, Mathur PP, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Cigarette smoke induces mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in lung cells. Mitochondrion 2017; 40:58-70. [PMID: 29042306 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular transformation owing to cigarette smoking is due to chronic exposure and not acute. However, systematic studies to understand the molecular alterations in lung cells due to cigarette smoke are lacking. To understand these molecular alterations induced by chronic cigarette smoke exposure, we carried out tandem mass tag (TMT) based temporal proteomic profiling of lung cells exposed to cigarette smoke for upto 12months. We identified 2620 proteins in total, of which 671 proteins were differentially expressed (1.5-fold) after 12months of exposure. Prolonged exposure of lung cells to smoke for 12months revealed dysregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and overexpression of enzymes involved in TCA cycle. In addition, we also observed overexpression of enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism, fatty acid degradation and lactate synthesis. This could possibly explain the availability of alternative source of carbon to TCA cycle apart from glycolytic pyruvate. Our data indicates that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke induces mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in cells to support growth and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitendra S Solanki
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ankit P Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Mohd Younis Bhat
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam 690 525, India
| | - Vinuth N Puttamallesh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam 690 525, India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Remya Raja
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam 690 525, India
| | - Mahesh M Kumar
- Department of Neuro-Virology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India; NIMHANS-IOB Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India; YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore 575018, India
| | | | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India.
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Quan C, Yan Y, Qin Z, Lin Z, Quan T. Ezrin regulates skin fibroblast size/mechanical properties and YAP-dependent proliferation. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:549-560. [PMID: 28889372 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin acts as a dynamic linkage between plasma membrane and cytoskeleton, and thus involved in many fundamental cellular functions. Yet, its potential role in human skin is virtually unknown. Here we investigate the role of Ezrin in primary skin fibroblasts, the major cells responsible extracellular matrix (ECM) production. We report that Ezrin play an important role in the maintenance of skin fibroblast size/mechanical properties and proliferation. siRNA-mediated Ezrin knockdown decreased fibroblast size and mechanical properties, and thus impaired the nuclear translocation of YAP, a protein commonly response to cell size and mechanical force. Functionally, depletion of Ezrin significantly inhibited YAP target gene expression and fibroblast proliferation. Conversely, restoration of YAP nuclear translocation by overexpression of constitutively active YAP reversed YAP target genes expression and rescued proliferation in Ezrin knockdown cells. These data reveal a novel role for Ezrin in maintenance of fibroblast size/mechanical force and regulating YAP-mediated proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunji Quan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Medical College, 133000 Yanji, Jilin, Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhaoping Qin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive Medical Science I, Room 6447, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0609, USA
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Medical College, 133000 Yanji, Jilin, Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Taihao Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive Medical Science I, Room 6447, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0609, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oh YS, Heo K, Kim EK, Jang JH, Bae SS, Park JB, Kim YH, Song M, Kim SR, Ryu SH, Kim IH, Suh PG. Dynamic relocalization of NHERF1 mediates chemotactic migration of ovarian cancer cells toward lysophosphatidic acid stimulation. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e351. [PMID: 28684865 PMCID: PMC5565956 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NHERF1/EBP50 (Na+/H+ exchanger regulating
factor 1; Ezrin-binding phosphoprotein of 50 kDa) organizes stable
protein complexes beneath the apical membrane of polar epithelial cells. By
contrast, in cancer cells without any fixed polarity, NHERF1 often localizes in
the cytoplasm. The regulation of cytoplasmic NHERF1 and its role in cancer
progression remain unclear. In this study, we found that, upon lysophosphatidic
acid (LPA) stimulation, cytoplasmic NHERF1 rapidly translocated to the plasma
membrane, and subsequently to cortical protrusion structures, of ovarian cancer
cells. This movement depended on direct binding of NHERF1 to C-terminally
phosphorylated ERM proteins (cpERMs). Moreover, NHERF1 depletion downregulated
cpERMs and further impaired cpERM-dependent remodeling of the cell cortex,
suggesting reciprocal regulation between these proteins. The LPA-induced protein
complex was highly enriched in migratory pseudopodia, whose formation was
impaired by overexpression of NHERF1 truncation mutants. Consistent with this,
NHERF1 depletion in various types of cancer cells abolished chemotactic cell
migration toward a LPA gradient. Taken together, our findings suggest that the
high dynamics of cytosolic NHERF1 provide cancer cells with a means of
controlling chemotactic migration. This capacity is likely to be essential for
ovarian cancer progression in tumor microenvironments containing LPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seok Oh
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Science, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Heo
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Kyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Jang
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Science, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Park
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Synaptic Circuit Plasticity Laboratory, Department of Structure and Function of Neural Network, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Ryu
- Division of Molecular and Life Science, Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hoo Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li LY, Xie YH, Xie YM, Liao LD, Xu XE, Zhang Q, Zeng FM, Tao LH, Xie WM, Xie JJ, Xu LY, Li EM. Ezrin Ser66 phosphorylation regulates invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by mediating filopodia formation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 88:162-171. [PMID: 28504189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ezrin, links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and plays an important role in the development and progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the roles of ezrin S66 phosphorylation in tumorigenesis of ESCC remain unclear. METHODS Distribution of ezrin in membrane and cytosol fractions was examined by analysis of detergent-soluble/-insoluble fractions and cytosol/membrane fractionation. Both immunofluorescence and live imaging were used to explore the role of ezrin S66 phosphorylation in the behavior of ezrin and actin in cell filopodia. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells were investigated by proliferation and migration assays, respectively. Tumorigenesis, local invasion and metastasis were assessed in a nude mouse model of regional lymph node metastasis. RESULTS Ezrin S66 phosphorylation enhanced the recruitment of ezrin to the membrane in ESCC cells. Additionally, non-phosphorylatable ezrin (S66A) significantly prevented filopodia formation, as well as caused a reduction in the number, length and lifetime of filopodia. Moreover, functional experiments revealed that expression of non-phosphorylatable ezrin (S66A) markedly suppressed migration and invasion but not proliferation of ESCC cells in vitro, and attenuated local invasion and regional lymph node metastasis, but not primary tumor growth of ESCC cells in vivo. CONCLUSION Ezrin S66 phosphorylation enhances filopodia formation, contributing to the regulation of invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ying-Hua Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yang-Min Xie
- Experimental Animal Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fa-Min Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wen-Ming Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zequn N, Xuemei Z, Wei L, Zongjuan M, Yujie Z, Yanli H, Yuping Z, Xia M, Wei W, Wenjing D, Na F, Shuanying Y. The role and potential mechanisms of LncRNA-TATDN1 on metastasis and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:18219-28. [PMID: 26943769 PMCID: PMC4951283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion and metastasis of malignant tumor cells lead to normal tissue destruction and are major prognostic factors for many malignant cancers. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is associated with occurrence, development and prognoses of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its mechanisms of action involved in tumor invasion and metastasis are not clear. In this study, we screened and detected the expression of LncRNA in two NSCLC lines 95D and 95C by using high throughput LncRNA chip. We found that TATDN1 (Homo sapiens TatD DNase domain containing 1, TATDN1), one of LncRNAs, was highly expressed in 95D cells and NSCLC tumor tissues compared to 95C cells. Knockdown of TATDN1–1 by shRNA significantly inhibited cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion in 95D cells. Further mechanism study showed that TATDN1 knockdown suppressed the expression of E-cadherin, HER2, β-catenin and Ezrin. Moreover, knockdown TATDN1 also inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in a 95D mouse model in vivo by inhibiting β-catenin and Ezrin. These data indicate that TATDN1 expression is associated with 95D cells' higher potential of invasion and metastasis, and suggest that TATDN1 may be a potential prognostic factor and therapeutic target for NSCLCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niu Zequn
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhang Xuemei
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Shanghai Oriental Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wei
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Zongjuan
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhong Yujie
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hou Yanli
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhang Yuping
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wang Wei
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Deng Wenjing
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Na
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Shuanying
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Saygideğer-Kont Y, Minas TZ, Jones H, Hour S, Çelik H, Temel I, Han J, Atabey N, Erkizan HV, Toretsky JA, Üren A. Ezrin Enhances EGFR Signaling and Modulates Erlotinib Sensitivity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Neoplasia 2016; 18:111-20. [PMID: 26936397 PMCID: PMC5005263 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is a scaffolding protein that is involved in oncogenesis by linking cytoskeletal and membrane proteins. Ezrin interacts with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the cell membrane, but little is known about the effects of this interaction on EGFR signaling pathway. In this study, we established the biological and functional significance of ezrin-EGFR interaction in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Endogenous ezrin and EGRF interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent staining. When expression of ezrin was inhibited, EGFR activity and phosphorylation levels of downstream signaling pathway proteins ERK and STAT3 were decreased. Cell fractionation experiments revealed that nuclear EGFR was significantly diminished in ezrin-knockdown cells. Consequently, mRNA levels of EGFR target genes AURKA, COX-2, cyclin D1, and iNOS were decreased in ezrin-depleted cells. A small molecule inhibitor of ezrin, NSC305787, reduced EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and downstream target proteins, EGFR nuclear translocation, and mRNA levels of nuclear EGFR target genes similar to ezrin suppression. NSC305787 showed synergism with erlotinib in wild-type EGFR-expressing NSCLC cells, whereas no synergy was observed in EGFR-null cells. Phosphorylation of ezrin on Y146 was found as an enhancer of ezrin-EGFR interaction and required for increased proliferation, colony formation, and drug resistance to erlotinib. These findings suggest that ezrin-EGFR interaction augments oncogenic functions of EGFR and that targeting ezrin may provide a potential novel approach to overcome erlotinib resistance in NSCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Saygideğer-Kont
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tsion Zewdu Minas
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hayden Jones
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sarah Hour
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Haydar Çelik
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Idil Temel
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jenny Han
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nese Atabey
- Department of Medical Biology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Jeffrey A Toretsky
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aykut Üren
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Demacopulo B, Lema BE, Cabrini RL, Kreimann EL. Similar expression pattern of NHERF1 and EZRIN in papillary but not in solid areas of human serous ovarian carcinomas. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:797-805. [PMID: 27823775 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
NHERF1 is an adaptor protein expressed in the apical membrane of polarized epithelia, which interacts with the EZRIN-Radixin-Moesin (ERM) family of proteins connecting signaling pathways to the cell cytoskeleton. NHERF1 and EZRIN cooperate in the maintenance of the apical microvilli in polarized epithelial cells. In several types of cancers, NHERF1 and EZRIN are displaced from the apical compartment to the cytoplasm and nuclei of cancer cells. At the present, the distribution of NHERF1 in ovarian tumors is not well known. In this study, NHERF1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in cyst adenofibromas, serous borderline tumors, and serous ovarian carcinomas. We observed a strong staining of NHERF1 and EZRIN at the membrane level of borderline tumors and areas of papillary structures in ovarian carcinomas. In tumors without papillary structures and compact structure, NHERF1 was exclusively expressed in the apical pole of the cells at the edges of the clefts of luminal spaces. In contrast, positive expression of EZRIN was found in the membrane of tumor cells within the solid tumor where NHERF1 was not expressed. In summary, this study shows, for the first time, the distribution of NHERF1 in ovarian cancer and reveals a different regulation of NHERF1 and EZRIN expression in ovarian tumors which represents the complexity of the molecular changes of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Demacopulo
- National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina (CNEA), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Department of Radiobiology, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Baltazar Eduardo Lema
- Private Diagnostic Pathology Laboratory, Anchorena 1510 Capital Federal (1425) C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Rómulo Luis Cabrini
- National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina (CNEA), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Department of Radiobiology, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Department of Oral Pathology, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, (C1122AAH) C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Erica Lorena Kreimann
- National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina (CNEA), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Department of Radiobiology, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Naito M, Aokage K, Saruwatari K, Hisakane K, Miyoshi T, Hishida T, Yoshida J, Masato S, Kojima M, Kuwata T, Fujii S, Ochiai A, Sato Y, Tsuboi M, Ishii G. Microenvironmental changes in the progression from adenocarcinoma in situ to minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and invasive lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer 2016; 100:53-62. [PMID: 27597281 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Invasive lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA) of the lung is thought to progress in a stepwise fashion from adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA). The aim of this study was to investigate the microenvironmental changes during the development from AIS to LPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinicopathological characteristics of AIS (n=51), MIA (n=59), LPA smaller than 3cm (LPA-S, n=113), and LPA larger than 3cm (LPA-L, n=47) were analyzed. We then evaluated the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related molecules (E-cadherin, S100A4), invasion-related molecules (laminin-5, ezrin), stem-cell-related molecules (ALDH-1), and growth factor receptors (c-Met, EGFR) in cancer cells of each group (n=20). The number of tumor-promoting stromal cells, including podoplanin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (PDPN+ CAFs), CD204-positive tumor-associated macrophages (CD204+ TAMs), and CD34+ microvessel cells, were also analyzed. RESULTS No significant difference in these characteristics was found between LPA-S and LPA-L. Laminin-5 expression in the non-invasive carcinoma component of MIA was significantly higher than that of AIS (p<0.001). During the progression from MIA to LPA-S, the expression level of laminin-5 in the invasive carcinoma component was significantly elevated (p<0.01). Moreover, tumor-promoting stromal cells were more frequently recruited in the invasive area of LPA-S (PDPN+ CAFs; p<0.05, CD204+ TAMs; p<0.001, CD34+ microvessel; p<0.05). Ezrin expression in the invasive carcinoma component of LPA-L was significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to LPA-S; however, the number of tumor-promoting stromal cells were not different between these two groups. CONCLUSION Our current results indicated that microenvironmental molecular changes occur during the progression from MIA to LPA-S and suggested that this process may play an important role in disease progression from AIS to LPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Naito
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan; Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Thoracic Surgery Kitasato University school of Medicine, Japan
| | - Keiju Aokage
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Kouichi Saruwatari
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan; Division of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kakeru Hisakane
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan; Division of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Miyoshi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hishida
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Junji Yoshida
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Sugano Masato
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Kitasato University school of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, East Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ezrin Is Associated with Disease Progression in Ovarian Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162502. [PMID: 27622508 PMCID: PMC5021292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ezrin and p130Cas are structural proteins with an important role in signaling pathways and have been shown to promote cancer dissemination. We previously reported on overexpression of both ezrin and p130Cas in breast carcinoma effusions compared to primary carcinomas. Since ovarian and breast carcinomas share the ability to disseminate by forming malignant effusions, we sought to study the role of these molecules in ovarian carcinoma (OC). Methods OC cell lines were cultured in two different 3-dimensional conditions, on alginate scaffolds and as spheroids, which served as models for solid tumor and malignant effusions, respectively. shRNA was used to reduce protein expression in the cells. The malignant potential was evaluated by chemo-invasion assay, branching capacity on Matrigel and rate of proliferation. Subsequently, clinical specimens of high-grade serous carcinoma effusions, ovarian tumors and solid metastases were analyzed for ezrin and p130Cas expression. Results Higher ezrin expression was found in cells composing the spheroids compared to their counterparts cultured on alginate scaffold and in clinical samples of malignant effusions compared to solid tumors. In addition, reduced Ezrin expression impaired the invasion ability and the branching capacity of OC cells to a greater extent than reduced p130Cas expression. However, ezrin and p130Cas expression in effusions was unrelated to clinical outcome. Conclusions The 3-dimensional cell cultures were found to mimic the different tumor sites and be applicable as a model. The in vitro results concur with the clinical specimen analysis, suggesting that in OC, the role of ezrin in disease progression is more pronounced than that of p130Cas.
Collapse
|
31
|
Çelik H, Bulut G, Han J, Graham GT, Minas TZ, Conn EJ, Hong SH, Pauly GT, Hayran M, Li X, Özdemirli M, Ayhan A, Rudek MA, Toretsky JA, Üren A. Ezrin Inhibition Up-regulates Stress Response Gene Expression. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:13257-70. [PMID: 27137931 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.718189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is a member of the ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of proteins that links cortical cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. High expression of ezrin correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis in osteosarcoma. In this study, to uncover specific cellular responses evoked by ezrin inhibition that can be used as a specific pharmacodynamic marker(s), we profiled global gene expression in osteosarcoma cells after treatment with small molecule ezrin inhibitors, NSC305787 and NSC668394. We identified and validated several up-regulated integrated stress response genes including PTGS2, ATF3, DDIT3, DDIT4, TRIB3, and ATF4 as novel ezrin-regulated transcripts. Analysis of transcriptional response in skin and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from NSC305787-treated mice compared with a control group revealed that, among those genes, the stress gene DDIT4/REDD1 may be used as a surrogate pharmacodynamic marker of ezrin inhibitor compound activity. In addition, we validated the anti-metastatic effects of NSC305787 in reducing the incidence of lung metastasis in a genetically engineered mouse model of osteosarcoma and evaluated the pharmacokinetics of NSC305787 and NSC668394 in mice. In conclusion, our findings suggest that cytoplasmic ezrin, previously considered a dormant and inactive protein, has important functions in regulating gene expression that may result in down-regulation of stress response genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gülay Bulut
- From the Departments of Oncology and the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jenny Han
- From the Departments of Oncology and
| | | | | | | | | | - Gary T Pauly
- the Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Mutlu Hayran
- the Department of Preventive Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Xin Li
- the Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20057
| | - Metin Özdemirli
- Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D. C. 20007
| | - Ayşe Ayhan
- the Department of Pathology, Seirei Mikatahara Hospital and Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan, and the Department of Pathology and
| | - Michelle A Rudek
- the Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
In all eukaryotes, the plasma membrane is critically important as it maintains the architectural integrity of the cell. Proper anchorage and interaction between the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton is critical for normal cellular processes. The ERM (ezrin-radixin-moesin) proteins are a class of highly homologous proteins involved in linking the plasma membrane to the cortical actin cytoskeleton. This review takes a succinct look at the biology of the ERM proteins including their structure and function. Current reports on their regulation that leads to activation and deactivation was examined before taking a look at the different interacting partners. Finally, emerging roles of each of the ERM family members in cancer was highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godwin A Ponuwei
- Cell migration laboratory, Molecular and Cellular Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Berkshire, UK. .,Molecular and Cellular Medicine unit, Department of Biomedical sciences, School of Life Sciences, Hopkins Building, Whiteknights Campus, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Flores-Téllez TNJ, Lopez TV, Vásquez Garzón VR, Villa-Treviño S. Co-Expression of Ezrin-CLIC5-Podocalyxin Is Associated with Migration and Invasiveness in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131605. [PMID: 26135398 PMCID: PMC4489913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Prognostic markers are important for predicting the progression and staging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ezrin (EZR) and Podocalyxin (PODXL) are proteins associated with invasion, migration and poor prognosis in various types of cancer. Recently, it has been observed that chloride intracellular channel 5 (CLIC5) forms a complex with EZR and PODXL and that it is required for podocyte structure and function. In this study, we evaluated the overexpression of EZR, PODXL and CLIC5 in HCC. Methods The modified resistant hepatocyte model (MRHR), human biopsies and HCC cell lines (HepG2, Huh7 and SNU387) were used in this study. Gene and protein expression levels were evaluated in the MRHR by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses, and protein expression in the human biopsies was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Protein expression in the HCC cell lines was evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western blot, also the migration and invasive abilities of Huh7 cells were evaluated using shRNA-mediated inhibition. Results Our results indicated that these genes and proteins were overexpressed in HCC. Moreover, when the expression of CLIC5 and PODXL was inhibited in Huh7 cells, we observed decreased migration and invasion. Conclusion This study suggested that EZR, CLIC5 and PODXL could be biological markers to predict the prognosis of HCC and that these proteins participate in migration and invasion processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresita N. J. Flores-Téllez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN No. 2508 Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México 14, CP 07360, México, Distrito Federal
| | - Tania V. Lopez
- Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, 14610 Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal
- * E-mail: (TVL); (SVT)
| | - Verónica Rocío Vásquez Garzón
- Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Benito Juárez de Oaxaca. Av Universidad S/N, Col. 5 Señores. C.P. 68120, México, Oaxaca
| | - Saúl Villa-Treviño
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN No. 2508 Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, México 14, CP 07360, México, Distrito Federal
- * E-mail: (TVL); (SVT)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang XD, Xie JJ, Liao LD, Long L, Xie YM, Li EM, Xu LY. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate Induces Up-Regulated Transcription of Variant 1 but Not Variant 2 of VIL2 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via ERK1/2/AP-1/Sp1 Signaling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124680. [PMID: 25915860 PMCID: PMC4411055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane-cytoskeleton link organizer ezrin may be the most "dramatic" tumor marker, being strongly over-expressed in nearly one-third of human malignancies. However, the molecular mechanisms of aberrant ezrin expression still need to be clarified. Ezrin, encoded by the VIL2 gene, has two transcript variants that differ in the transcriptional start site (TSS): V1 and V2. Both V1 and V2 encode the same protein. Here, we found that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced over-expression of human VIL2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Furthermore, VIL2 V1 but not V2 was up-regulated after TPA stimulation in a time-dependent manner. AP-1 and Sp1 binding sites within the promoter region of VIL2 V1 acted not only as basal transcriptional elements but also as a composite TPA-responsive element (TRE) for the transcription of VIL2 V1. TPA stimulation enhanced c-Jun and Sp1 binding to the TRE via activation of the ERK1/2 pathway and increased protein levels of c-Jun, c-Fos, and Sp1, resulting in over-expression of VIL2 V1, whereas the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 blocked these events. Finally, we showed that TPA promoted the migration of ESCC cells whereas MEK1/2 inhibitor or ezrin silencing could partially inverse this alteration. Taken together, these results suggest that TPA is able to induce VIL2 V1 over-expression in ESCC cells by activating MEK/ERK1/2 signaling and increasing binding of Sp1 and c-Jun to the TRE of the VIL2 V1 promoter, and that VIL2 is an important TPA-induced effector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lin Long
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Min Xie
- Department of Experimental Animal Center, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, P. R. China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 514041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ezrin-expressing lung adenocarcinoma cells and podoplanin-positive fibroblasts form a malignant microenvironment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:475-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
36
|
Zhang F, Li C, Liu H, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wu X. The functional proteomics analysis of VEGF-treated human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12379-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
37
|
CHEN MIAOJUAN, GAO XUEJUAN, XU LINA, LIU TENGFEI, LIU XIAOHUI, LIU LANGXIA. Ezrin is required for epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-β1 in A549 cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1515-22. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
38
|
Andersson G, Wennersten C, Gaber A, Boman K, Nodin B, Uhlén M, Segersten U, Malmström PU, Jirström K. Reduced expression of ezrin in urothelial bladder cancer signifies more advanced tumours and an impaired survival: validatory study of two independent patient cohorts. BMC Urol 2014; 14:36. [PMID: 24885195 PMCID: PMC4049499 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2490-14-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced membranous expression of the cytoskeleton-associated protein ezrin has previously been demonstrated to correlate with tumour progression and poor prognosis in patients with T1G3 urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with non-maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (n = 92), and the associations with adverse clinicopathological factors have been validated in another, unselected, cohort (n = 104). In the present study, we examined the prognostic significance of ezrin expression in urothelial bladder cancer in a total number of 442 tumours from two independent patient cohorts. Methods Immunohistochemical expression of ezrin was evaluated in tissue microarrays with tumours from one retrospective cohort of bladder cancer (n = 110; cohort I) and one population-based cohort (n = 342; cohort II). Classification regression tree analysis was applied for selection of prognostic cutoff. Kaplan-Meier analysis, log rank test and Cox regression proportional hazards’ modeling were used to evaluate the impact of ezrin on 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Ezrin expression could be evaluated in tumours from 100 and 342 cases, respectively. In both cohorts, reduced membranous ezrin expression was significantly associated with more advanced T-stage (p < 0.001), high grade tumours (p < 0.001), female sex (p = 0.040 and p = 0.013), and membranous expression of podocalyxin-like protein (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009). Moreover, reduced ezrin expression was associated with a significantly reduced 5-year OS in both cohorts (HR = 3.09 95% CI 1.71-5.58 and HR = 2.15(1.51-3.06), and with DSS in cohort II (HR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.78-4.31). This association also remained significant in adjusted analysis in Cohort I (HR1.99, 95% CI 1.05-3.77) but not in Cohort II. In pTa and pT1 tumours in cohort II, there was no significant association between ezrin expression and time to progression. Conclusions The results from this study validate previous findings of reduced membranous ezrin expression in urothelial bladder cancer being associated with unfavourable clinicopathological characteristics and an impaired survival. The utility of ezrin as a prognostic biomarker in transurethral resection specimens merits further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund 221 85, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kong J, Li Y, Liu S, Jin H, Shang Y, Quan C, Li Y, Lin Z. High expression of ezrin predicts poor prognosis in uterine cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:520. [PMID: 24182314 PMCID: PMC4228363 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ezrin, a member of the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) protein family, plays a pivotal role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study is aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of upregulated ezrin protein expression in uterine cervical cancers. Methods Immunohistochemical staining of ezrin protein was performed on uterine cervical cancer specimens from 235 patients. For comparison, 239 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 17 cases of cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN) and 52 normal cervix samples were also included. qRT-PCR was performed on fresh tissues to detect ezrin mRNA expression levels. HPV infection statuses were genotyped by oligonucleotide microarray, and 10-year survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method for 109 cervical cancer patients. Results Apical membranous distribution of ezrin protein was only observed in normal cervical glands, while perinuclear staining was only observed in cervical cancers. Strong cytoplasmic and diffuse localization of ezrin were frequently seen in the cervical cancers compared with the normal counterparts. Furthermore, this strongly positive ezrin expression was significantly higher in cervical cancers than in CIN, CGIN, and normal cervical epithelia. Ezrin overexpression was closely related with poor differentiation, late stage, and lymph node metastasis. Additionally, ezrin overexpression was associated with lower 10-year survival rate for patients with early stage cervical cancer, but not for patients with advanced stage. Conclusions Aberrant localization and overexpression of ezrin might be an independent effective biomarker for prognostic evaluation of cervical cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Yanji, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Antelmi E, Cardone RA, Greco MR, Rubino R, Di Sole F, Martino NA, Casavola V, Carcangiu M, Moro L, Reshkin SJ. ß1 integrin binding phosphorylates ezrin at T567 to activate a lipid raft signalsome driving invadopodia activity and invasion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75113. [PMID: 24086451 PMCID: PMC3782503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation is a critical process in tumor cell invasion and requires matrix degrading protrusions called invadopodia. The Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1) has recently been shown to be fundamental in the regulation of invadopodia actin cytoskeleton dynamics and activity. However, the structural link between the invadopodia cytoskeleton and NHE1 is still unknown. A candidate could be ezrin, a linker between the NHE1 and the actin cytoskeleton known to play a pivotal role in invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanistic basis for its role remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that ezrin phosphorylated at T567 is highly overexpressed in the membrane of human breast tumors and positively associated with invasive growth and HER2 overexpression. Further, in the metastatic cell line, MDA-MB-231, p-ezrin was almost exclusively expressed in invadopodia lipid rafts where it co-localized in a functional complex with NHE1, EGFR, ß1-integrin and phosphorylated-NHERF1. Manipulation by mutation of ezrins T567 phosphorylation state and/or PIP2 binding capacity or of NHE1s binding to ezrin or PIP2 demonstrated that p-ezrin expression and binding to PIP2 are required for invadopodia-mediated ECM degradation and invasion and identified NHE1 as the membrane protein that p-ezrin regulates to induce invadopodia formation and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Antelmi
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmacologics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Anatomic Pathology A Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa A. Cardone
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmacologics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria R. Greco
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmacologics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Rubino
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmacologics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Sole
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicola A. Martino
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Biotechnological Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Casavola
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmacologics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - MariaLuisa Carcangiu
- Department of Pathology, Anatomic Pathology A Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredana Moro
- Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics (IBBE), CNR, Bari, Italy
| | - Stephan J. Reshkin
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmacologics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Schofield AV, Bernard O. Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) signaling and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 48:301-16. [PMID: 23601011 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.786671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The small Rho GTPase family of proteins, encompassing the three major G-protein classes Rho, Rac and cell division control protein 42, are key mitogenic signaling molecules that regulate multiple cancer-associated cellular phenotypes including cell proliferation and motility. These proteins are known for their role in the regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, which is achieved through modulating the activity of their downstream effector molecules. The Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 1 and 2 (ROCK1 and ROCK2) proteins were the first discovered Rho effectors that were primarily established as players in RhoA-mediated stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly. It has since been discovered that the ROCK kinases actively phosphorylate a large cohort of actin-binding proteins and intermediate filament proteins to modulate their functions. It is well established that global cellular morphology, as modulated by the three cytoskeletal networks: actin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules, is regulated by a variety of accessory proteins whose activities are dependent on their phosphorylation by the Rho-kinases. As a consequence, they regulate many key cellular functions associated with malignancy, including cell proliferation, motility and viability. In this current review, we focus on the role of the ROCK-signaling pathways in disease including cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice V Schofield
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Cytoskeleton and Cancer Unit and Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kapoor S. Ezrin and its emerging role in tumor progression in systemic malignancies. Cryobiology 2012; 66:93. [PMID: 23261414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|