1
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Sohrabi A, Lefebvre AEYT, Harrison MJ, Condro MC, Sanazzaro TM, Safarians G, Solomon I, Bastola S, Kordbacheh S, Toh N, Kornblum HI, Digman MA, Seidlits SK. Microenvironmental stiffness induces metabolic reprogramming in glioblastoma. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113175. [PMID: 37756163 PMCID: PMC10842372 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of solid tumors influence tumor cell phenotype and the ability to invade surrounding tissues. Using bioengineered scaffolds to provide a matrix microenvironment for patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) spheroids, this study demonstrates that a soft, brain-like matrix induces GBM cells to shift to a glycolysis-weighted metabolic state, which supports invasive behavior. We first show that orthotopic murine GBM tumors are stiffer than peritumoral brain tissues, but tumor stiffness is heterogeneous where tumor edges are softer than the tumor core. We then developed 3D scaffolds with μ-compressive moduli resembling either stiffer tumor core or softer peritumoral brain tissue. We demonstrate that the softer matrix microenvironment induces a shift in GBM cell metabolism toward glycolysis, which manifests in lower proliferation rate and increased migration activities. Finally, we show that these mechanical cues are transduced from the matrix via CD44 and integrin receptors to induce metabolic and phenotypic changes in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Austin E Y T Lefebvre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mollie J Harrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Talia M Sanazzaro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Gevick Safarians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Itay Solomon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Soniya Bastola
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shadi Kordbacheh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nadia Toh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michelle A Digman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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2
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Ago Y, Van C, Condro MC, Hrncir H, Diep AL, Rajbhandari AK, Fanselow MS, Hashimoto H, MacKenzie-Graham AJ, Waschek JA. Overexpression of VIPR2 in mice results in microencephaly with paradoxical increased white matter volume. Exp Neurol 2023; 362:114339. [PMID: 36717013 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Large scale studies in populations of European and Han Chinese ancestry found a series of rare gain-of-function microduplications in VIPR2, encoding VPAC2, a receptor that binds vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide with high affinity, that were associated with an up to 13-fold increased risk for schizophrenia. To address how VPAC2 receptor overactivity might affect brain development, we used a well-characterized Nestin-Cre mouse strain and a knock-in approach to overexpress human VPAC2 in the central nervous system. Mice that overexpressed VPAC2 were found to exhibit a significant reduction in brain weight. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis confirmed a decrease in brain size, a specific reduction in the hippocampus grey matter volume and a paradoxical increase in whole-brain white matter volume. Sex-specific changes in behavior such as impaired prepulse inhibition and contextual fear memory were observed in VPAC2 overexpressing mice. The data indicate that the VPAC2 receptor may play a critical role in brain morphogenesis and suggest that overactive VPAC2 signaling during development plays a mechanistic role in some forms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ago
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Christina Van
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Doctoral Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Haley Hrncir
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anna L Diep
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Abha K Rajbhandari
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychology, Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Staglin Center for Brain and Behavioral Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael S Fanselow
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychology, Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Staglin Center for Brain and Behavioral Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Division of Bioscience, Institute for Datability Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Allan J MacKenzie-Graham
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - James A Waschek
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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3
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Safarians G, Sohrabi A, Solomon I, Xiao W, Bastola S, Rajput BW, Epperson M, Rosenzweig I, Tamura K, Singer B, Huang J, Harrison MJ, Sanazzaro T, Condro MC, Kornblum HI, Seidlits SK. Glioblastoma Spheroid Invasion through Soft, Brain-Like Matrices Depends on Hyaluronic Acid-CD44 Interactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2203143. [PMID: 36694362 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan abundant in the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), correlates with worse clinical outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. GBM cells aggressively invade the brain parenchyma while encountering spatiotemporal changes in their local ECM, including HA concentration. To investigate how varying HA concentrations affect GBM invasion, patient-derived GBM cells are cultured within a soft, 3D matrix in which HA concentration is precisely varied and cell migration observed. Data demonstrate that HA concentration can determine the invasive activity of patient-derived GBM cells in a biphasic and highly sensitive manner, where the absolute concentration of HA at which cell migration peaked is specific to each patient-derived line. Furthermore, evidence that this response relies on phosphorylated ezrin, which interacts with the intracellular domain of HA-engaged CD44 to effectively link the actin cytoskeleton to the local ECM is provided. Overall, this study highlights CD44-HA binding as a major mediator of GBM cell migration that acts independently of integrins and focal adhesion complexes and suggests that targeting HA-CD44-ezrin interactions represents a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent tumor cell invasion in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gevick Safarians
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Itay Solomon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Weikun Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Soniya Bastola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Bushra W Rajput
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mary Epperson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Isabella Rosenzweig
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kelly Tamura
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Breahna Singer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mollie J Harrison
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Talia Sanazzaro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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4
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Muthukrishnan SD, Kawaguchi R, Nair P, Prasad R, Qin Y, Johnson M, Wang Q, VanderVeer-Harris N, Pham A, Alvarado AG, Condro MC, Gao F, Gau R, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR, Deb A, Hinman JD, Pajonk F, Burns TC, Goldman SA, Geschwind DH, Kornblum HI. P300 promotes tumor recurrence by regulating radiation-induced conversion of glioma stem cells to vascular-like cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6202. [PMID: 36261421 PMCID: PMC9582000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSC) exhibit plasticity in response to environmental and therapeutic stress leading to tumor recurrence, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we employ single-cell and whole transcriptomic analyses to uncover that radiation induces a dynamic shift in functional states of glioma cells allowing for acquisition of vascular endothelial-like and pericyte-like cell phenotypes. These vascular-like cells provide trophic support to promote proliferation of tumor cells, and their selective depletion results in reduced tumor growth post-treatment in vivo. Mechanistically, the acquisition of vascular-like phenotype is driven by increased chromatin accessibility and H3K27 acetylation in specific vascular genes allowing for their increased expression post-treatment. Blocking P300 histone acetyltransferase activity reverses the epigenetic changes induced by radiation and inhibits the adaptive conversion of GSC into vascular-like cells and tumor growth. Our findings highlight a role for P300 in radiation-induced stress response, suggesting a therapeutic approach to prevent glioma recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree Deepthi Muthukrishnan
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pooja Nair
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachna Prasad
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yue Qin
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maverick Johnson
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nathan VanderVeer-Harris
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy Pham
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro G Alvarado
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fuying Gao
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Raymond Gau
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arjun Deb
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason D Hinman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank Pajonk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Terry C Burns
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Coppenhagen School of Medicine, Coppenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- The UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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5
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Ghochani Y, Muthukrishnan SD, Sohrabi A, Kawaguchi R, Condro MC, Bastola S, Gao F, Qin Y, Mottahedeh J, Iruela-Arispe ML, Rao N, Laks DR, Liau LM, Mathern GW, Goldman SA, Carmichael ST, Nakano I, Coppola G, Seidlits SK, Kornblum HI. A molecular interactome of the glioblastoma perivascular niche reveals integrin binding sialoprotein as a mediator of tumor cell migration. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111511. [PMID: 36261010 PMCID: PMC9642966 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by extensive microvascular hyperproliferation. In addition to supplying blood to the tumor, GBM vessels also provide trophic support to glioma cells and serve as conduits for migration into the surrounding brain, promoting recurrence. Here, we enrich CD31-expressing glioma vascular cells (GVCs) and A2B5-expressing glioma tumor cells (GTCs) from primary GBM and use RNA sequencing to create a comprehensive molecular interaction map of the secreted and extracellular factors elaborated by GVCs that can interact with receptors and membrane molecules on GTCs. To validate our findings, we utilize functional assays, including a hydrogel-based migration assay and in vivo mouse models to demonstrate that one identified factor, the little-studied integrin binding sialoprotein (IBSP), enhances tumor growth and promotes the migration of GTCs along the vasculature. This perivascular niche interactome will serve as a resource to the research community in defining the potential functions of the GBM vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Ghochani
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sree Deepthi Muthukrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Soniya Bastola
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fuying Gao
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yue Qin
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jack Mottahedeh
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - M Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St. SQBRC 8-300, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nagesh Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dan R Laks
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Voyager Therapeutics, 64 Sidney St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Linda M Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gary W Mathern
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center and University of Copenhagen Faculty of Medical Sciences, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 645, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephanie K Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Department of Psychiatry and the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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6
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Van C, Condro MC, Ko HH, Hoang AQ, Zhu R, Lov K, Ricaflanca PT, Diep AL, Nguyen NNM, Lipshutz GS, MacKenzie-Graham A, Waschek JA. Targeted deletion of PAC1 receptors in retinal neurons enhances neuron loss and axonopathy in a model of multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 160:105524. [PMID: 34610465 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation drives synaptic loss in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is also commonly observed in other neurodegenerative diseases. Clinically approved treatments for MS provide symptomatic relief but fail to halt neurodegeneration and neurological decline. Studies in animal disease models have demonstrated that the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP, ADCYAP1) exhibits anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and regenerative properties. Anti-inflammatory actions appear to be mediated primarily by two receptors, VPAC1 and VPAC2, which also bind vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Pharmacological experiments indicate that another receptor, PAC1 (ADCYAP1R1), which is highly selective for PACAP, provides protection to neurons, although genetic evidence and other mechanistic information is lacking. To determine if PAC1 receptors protect neurons in a cell-autonomous manner, we used adeno-associated virus (AAV2) to deliver Cre recombinase to the retina of mice harboring floxed PAC1 alleles. Mice were then subjected to chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a disease model that recapitulates major clinical and pathological features of MS and associated optic neuritis. Unexpectedly, deletion of PAC1 in naïve mice resulted in a deficit of retinal ganglionic neurons (RGNs) and their dendrites, suggesting a homeostatic role of PAC1. Moreover, deletion of PAC1 resulted in increased EAE-induced loss of a subpopulation of RGNs purported to be vulnerable in animal models of glaucoma. Increased axonal pathology and increased secondary presence of microglia/macrophages was also prominently seen in the optic nerve. These findings demonstrate that neuronal PAC1 receptors play a homeostatic role in protecting RGNs and directly protects neurons and their axons against neuroinflammatory challenge. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Chronic inflammation is a major component of neurodegenerative diseases and plays a central role in multiple sclerosis (MS). Current treatments for MS do not prevent neurodegeneration and/or neurological decline. The neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and regenerative properties but the cell type- and receptor-specific mechanisms are not clear. To test whether the protective effects of PACAP are direct on the PAC1 receptor subtype on neurons, we delete PAC1 receptors from neurons and investigate neuropathologigical changes in an animal model of MS. The findings demonstrate that PAC1 receptors on neurons play a homeostatic role in maintaining neuron health and can directly protect neurons and their axons during neuroinflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Van
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America; Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - Henly H Ko
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Anh Q Hoang
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - Ruoyan Zhu
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - Kenny Lov
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Patrick T Ricaflanca
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America
| | - Anna L Diep
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - Nhat N M Nguyen
- Calabasas High School, Calabasas, CA 91302, United States of America.
| | - Gerald S Lipshutz
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America; Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America; Departments of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology, Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - Allan MacKenzie-Graham
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
| | - James A Waschek
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
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7
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Li J, Pan L, Pembroke WG, Rexach JE, Godoy MI, Condro MC, Alvarado AG, Harteni M, Chen YW, Stiles L, Chen AY, Wanner IB, Yang X, Goldman SA, Geschwind DH, Kornblum HI, Zhang Y. Conservation and divergence of vulnerability and responses to stressors between human and mouse astrocytes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3958. [PMID: 34172753 PMCID: PMC8233314 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes play important roles in neurological disorders such as stroke, injury, and neurodegeneration. Most knowledge on astrocyte biology is based on studies of mouse models and the similarities and differences between human and mouse astrocytes are insufficiently characterized, presenting a barrier in translational research. Based on analyses of acutely purified astrocytes, serum-free cultures of primary astrocytes, and xenografted chimeric mice, we find extensive conservation in astrocytic gene expression between human and mouse samples. However, the genes involved in defense response and metabolism show species-specific differences. Human astrocytes exhibit greater susceptibility to oxidative stress than mouse astrocytes, due to differences in mitochondrial physiology and detoxification pathways. In addition, we find that mouse but not human astrocytes activate a molecular program for neural repair under hypoxia, whereas human but not mouse astrocytes activate the antigen presentation pathway under inflammatory conditions. Here, we show species-dependent properties of astrocytes, which can be informative for improving translation from mouse models to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lin Pan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William G Pembroke
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica E Rexach
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marlesa I Godoy
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro G Alvarado
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mineli Harteni
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angela Y Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ina B Wanner
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Brain Research Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Brain Research Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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8
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Sperry J, Condro MC, Guo L, Braas D, Vanderveer-Harris N, Kim KK, Pope WB, Divakaruni AS, Lai A, Christofk H, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR, Le Belle JE, Kornblum HI. Glioblastoma Utilizes Fatty Acids and Ketone Bodies for Growth Allowing Progression during Ketogenic Diet Therapy. iScience 2020; 23:101453. [PMID: 32861192 PMCID: PMC7471621 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) metabolism has traditionally been characterized by a primary dependence on aerobic glycolysis, prompting the use of the ketogenic diet (KD) as a potential therapy. In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of the KD in GBM and assessed the role of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in promoting GBM propagation. In vitro assays revealed FA utilization throughout the GBM metabolome and growth inhibition in nearly every cell line in a broad spectrum of patient-derived glioma cells treated with FAO inhibitors. In vivo assessments revealed that knockdown of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), the rate-limiting enzyme for FAO, reduced the rate of tumor growth and increased survival. However, the unrestricted ketogenic diet did not reduce tumor growth and for some models significantly reduced survival. Altogether, these data highlight important roles for FA and ketone body metabolism that could serve to improve targeted therapies in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantzen Sperry
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael C. Condro
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lea Guo
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Braas
- UCLA Metabolomics Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Vanderveer-Harris
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristen K.O. Kim
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Whitney B. Pope
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajit S. Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Albert Lai
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heather Christofk
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Janel E. Le Belle
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harley I. Kornblum
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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9
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Laks DR, Oses-Prieto JA, Alvarado AG, Nakashima J, Chand S, Azzam DB, Gholkar AA, Sperry J, Ludwig K, Condro MC, Nazarian S, Cardenas A, Shih MYS, Damoiseaux R, France B, Orozco N, Visnyei K, Crisman TJ, Gao F, Torres JZ, Coppola G, Burlingame AL, Kornblum HI. A molecular cascade modulates MAP1B and confers resistance to mTOR inhibition in human glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:764-775. [PMID: 29136244 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical trials of therapies directed against nodes of the signaling axis of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in glioblastoma (GBM) have had disappointing results. Resistance to mTOR inhibitors limits their efficacy. Methods To determine mechanisms of resistance to chronic mTOR inhibition, we performed tandem screens on patient-derived GBM cultures. Results An unbiased phosphoproteomic screen quantified phosphorylation changes associated with chronic exposure to the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, and our analysis implicated a role for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3B attenuation in mediating resistance that was confirmed by functional studies. A targeted short hairpin RNA screen and further functional studies both in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that microtubule-associated protein (MAP)1B, previously associated predominantly with neurons, is a downstream effector of GSK3B-mediated resistance. Furthermore, we provide evidence that chronic rapamycin induces microtubule stability in a MAP1B-dependent manner in GBM cells. Additional experiments explicate a signaling pathway wherein combinatorial extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mTOR targeting abrogates inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3B, leads to phosphorylation of MAP1B, and confers sensitization. Conclusions These data portray a compensatory molecular signaling network that imparts resistance to chronic mTOR inhibition in primary, human GBM cell cultures and points toward new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan R Laks
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Alvaro G Alvarado
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan Nakashima
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shreya Chand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, UCSF, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel B Azzam
- Department of Neuroscience, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | - Kirsten Ludwig
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael C Condro
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Serli Nazarian
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anjelica Cardenas
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michelle Y S Shih
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Bryan France
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA
| | - Nicholas Orozco
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Koppany Visnyei
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Thomas J Crisman
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fuying Gao
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Giovanni Coppola
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, UCSF, San Francisco, California
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA.,Chemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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10
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Van C, Condro MC, Lov K, Zhu R, Ricaflanca PT, Ko HH, Diep AL, Hoang AQ, Pisegna J, Rohrer H, Waschek JA. Correction to: PACAP/PAC1 Regulation of Inflammation via Catecholaminergic Neurons in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 68:452. [PMID: 30362069 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes. The captured article title and corresponding author were incorrect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Van
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenny Lov
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruoyan Zhu
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ricaflanca
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Henly H Ko
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna L Diep
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anh Q Hoang
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Pisegna
- Center for Ulcer Research and Education (CURE): Digestive Diseases Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hermann Rohrer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Neuroanatomy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - James A Waschek
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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11
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Van C, Condro MC, Lov K, Zhu R, Ricaflanca PT, Ko HH, Diep AL, Hoang AQ, Pisegna J, Rohrer H, Waschek JA. PACAP/PAC1 Regulation of Inflammation via Catecholaminergic Neurons in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 68:439-451. [PMID: 30058008 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) serves to maintain homeostasis of vital organ systems throughout the body, and its dysfunction plays a major role in human disease. The SNS also links the central nervous system to the immune system during different types of stress via innervation of the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow. Previous studies have shown that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP, gene name adcyap1) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis. Because PACAP is known to regulate SNS function, we hypothesized that part of the immunoprotective action of PACAP is due to its neuromodulatory effects on sympathetic neurons. To examine this, we used an inducible, targeted approach to conditionally disrupt not only the PACAP-preferring PAC1 receptor gene (adcyap1r1) in dopamine β-hydroxylase-expressing cells, which includes postganglionic sympathetic neurons, but also catecholaminergic neurons in the brain and adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. In contrast to our previous EAE studies using PACAP global knockout mice which developed severe and prolonged EAE, we found that mice with conditional loss of PAC1 receptors in catecholaminergic cells developed a delayed time course of EAE with reduced helper T cell type 1 (Th1) and Th17 and enhanced Th2 cell polarization. At later time points, similar to mice with global PACAP loss, mice with conditional loss of PAC1 exhibited more severe clinical disease than controls. The latter was associated with a reduction in the abundance of thymic regulatory T cells (Tregs). These studies indicate that PAC1 receptor signaling acts in catecholaminergic cells in a time-dependent manner. At early stages of disease development, it enhances the ability of the SNS to polarize the Th response towards a more inflammatory state. Then, after disease is established, it enhances the ability of the SNS to dampen the inflammatory response via Tregs. The lack of concordance in results between global PACAP KO mice and mice with the PAC1 deletion targeted to catecholaminergic cells during early EAE may be explained by the fact that PACAP acts to regulate inflammation via multiple receptor subtypes and multiple targets, including inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Van
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenny Lov
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruoyan Zhu
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ricaflanca
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Henly H Ko
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna L Diep
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anh Q Hoang
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Pisegna
- Center for Ulcer Research and Education (CURE): Digestive Diseases Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hermann Rohrer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Neuroanatomy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - James A Waschek
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior/Neuropsychiatric Institute, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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12
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Condro MC, Matynia A, Foster NN, Ago Y, Rajbhandari AK, Van C, Jayaram B, Parikh S, Diep AL, Nguyen E, May V, Dong HW, Waschek JA. High-resolution characterization of a PACAP-EGFP transgenic mouse model for mapping PACAP-expressing neurons. J Comp Neurol 2016; 524:3827-3848. [PMID: 27197019 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP, gene name Adcyap1) regulates a wide variety of neurological and physiological functions, including metabolism and cognition, and plays roles in of multiple forms of stress. Because of its preferential expression in nerve fibers, it has often been difficult to trace and identify the endogenous sources of the peptide in specific populations of neurons. Here, we introduce a transgenic mouse line that harbors in its genome a bacterial artificial chromosome containing an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression cassette inserted upstream of the PACAP ATG translation initiation codon. Analysis of expression in brain sections of these mice using a GFP antibody reveals EGFP expression in distinct neuronal perikarya and dendritic arbors in several major brain regions previously reported to express PACAP from using a variety of approaches, including radioimmunoassay, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry with and without colchicine. EGFP expression in neuronal perikarya was modulated in a manner similar to PACAP gene expression in motor neurons after peripheral axotomy in the ipsilateral facial motor nucleus in the brainstem, providing an example in which the transgene undergoes proper regulation in vivo. These mice and the high-resolution map obtained are expected to be useful in understanding the anatomical patterns of PACAP expression and its plasticity in the mouse. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:3827-3848, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Condro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Anna Matynia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Nicholas N Foster
- Institute of Neuro Imaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA 90089
| | - Yukio Ago
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 565-0871
| | - Abha K Rajbhandari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Christina Van
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Bhavaani Jayaram
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Sachin Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Anna L Diep
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Eileen Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
| | - Victor May
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, USA 05405
| | - Hong-Wei Dong
- Institute of Neuro Imaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA 90089
| | - James A Waschek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA 90095
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13
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Ago Y, Condro MC, Tan YV, Ghiani CA, Colwell CS, Cushman JD, Fanselow MS, Hashimoto H, Waschek JA. Reductions in synaptic proteins and selective alteration of prepulse inhibition in male C57BL/6 mice after postnatal administration of a VIP receptor (VIPR2) agonist. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:2181-9. [PMID: 25575489 PMCID: PMC4433594 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE An abundance of genetic and epidemiologic evidence as well as longitudinal neuroimaging data point to developmental origins for schizophrenia and other mental health disorders. Recent clinical studies indicate that microduplications of VIPR2, encoding the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor VPAC2, confer significant risk for schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Lymphocytes from patients with these mutations exhibited higher VIPR2 gene expression and VIP responsiveness (cAMP induction), but mechanisms by which overactive VPAC2 signaling may lead to these psychiatric disorders are unknown. OBJECTIVES We subcutaneously administered the highly selective VPAC2 receptor agonist Ro 25-1553 to C57BL/6 mice from postnatal day 1 (P1) to P14 to determine if overactivation of VPAC2 receptor signaling during postnatal brain maturation affects synaptogenesis and selected behaviors. RESULTS Western blot analyses on P21 revealed significant reductions of synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the hippocampus in Ro 25-1553-treated mice. The same postnatally restricted treatment resulted in a disruption in prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle measured in adult mice. No effects were observed in open-field locomotor activity, sociability in the three-chamber social interaction test, or fear conditioning or extinction. CONCLUSION Overactivation of the VPAC2 receptor in the postnatal mouse results in a reduction in synaptic proteins in the prefrontal cortex and selective alterations in prepulse inhibition. These findings suggest that the VIPR2-linkage to mental health disorders may be due in part to overactive VPAC2 receptor signaling during a critical time of synaptic maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ago
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michael C. Condro
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yossan-Var Tan
- INSERM - Unité Mixte de Recherche U905 - IRIB, Université de Rouen, 76183 Rouen Cedex, France
| | - Cristina A. Ghiani
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Christopher S. Colwell
- Laboratory of Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jesse D. Cushman
- Department of Psychology, Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael S. Fanselow
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Psychology, Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - James A. Waschek
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. James A. Waschek; Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 635 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Tel.: +1-310-825-0179; Fax: +1-310-206-5061.
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Condro MC, White SA. Distribution of language-related Cntnap2 protein in neural circuits critical for vocal learning. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:169-85. [PMID: 23818387 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Variants of the contactin associated protein-like 2 (Cntnap2) gene are risk factors for language-related disorders including autism spectrum disorder, specific language impairment, and stuttering. Songbirds are useful models for study of human speech disorders due to their shared capacity for vocal learning, which relies on similar cortico-basal ganglia circuitry and genetic factors. Here we investigate Cntnap2 protein expression in the brain of the zebra finch, a songbird species in which males, but not females, learn their courtship songs. We hypothesize that Cntnap2 has overlapping functions in vocal learning species, and expect to find protein expression in song-related areas of the zebra finch brain. We further expect that the distribution of this membrane-bound protein may not completely mirror its mRNA distribution due to the distinct subcellular localization of the two molecular species. We find that Cntnap2 protein is enriched in several song control regions relative to surrounding tissues, particularly within the adult male, but not female, robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA), a cortical song control region analogous to human layer 5 primary motor cortex. The onset of this sexually dimorphic expression coincides with the onset of sensorimotor learning in developing males. Enrichment in male RA appears due to expression in projection neurons within the nucleus, as well as to additional expression in nerve terminals of cortical projections to RA from the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the nidopallium. Cntnap2 protein expression in zebra finch brain supports the hypothesis that this molecule affects neural connectivity critical for vocal learning across taxonomic classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Condro
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095
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Abstract
Language is a complex communicative behavior unique to humans, and its genetic basis is poorly understood. Genes associated with human speech and language disorders provide some insights, originating with the FOXP2 transcription factor, a mutation in which is the source of an inherited form of developmental verbal dyspraxia. Subsequently, targets of FOXP2 regulation have been associated with speech and language disorders, along with other genes. Here, we review these recent findings that implicate genetic factors in human speech. Due to the exclusivity of language to humans, no single animal model is sufficient to study the complete behavioral effects of these genes. Fortunately, some animals possess subcomponents of language. One such subcomponent is vocal learning, which though rare in the animal kingdom, is shared with songbirds. We therefore discuss how songbird studies have contributed to the current understanding of genetic factors that impact human speech, and support the continued use of this animal model for such studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Condro
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Stephanie A White
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles
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Miller JE, Spiteri E, Condro MC, Dosumu-Johnson RT, Geschwind DH, White SA. Birdsong decreases protein levels of FoxP2, a molecule required for human speech. J Neurophysiol 2008; 100:2015-25. [PMID: 18701760 DOI: 10.1152/jn.90415.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive and motor deficits associated with language and speech are seen in humans harboring FOXP2 mutations. The neural bases for FOXP2 mutation-related deficits are thought to reside in structural abnormalities distributed across systems important for language and motor learning including the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. In these brain regions, our prior research showed that FoxP2 mRNA expression patterns are strikingly similar between developing humans and songbirds. Within the songbird brain, this pattern persists throughout life and includes the striatal subregion, Area X, that is dedicated to song development and maintenance. The persistent mRNA expression suggests a role for FoxP2 that extends beyond the formation of vocal learning circuits to their ongoing use. Because FoxP2 is a transcription factor, a role in shaping circuits likely depends on FoxP2 protein levels which might not always parallel mRNA levels. Indeed our current study shows that FoxP2 protein, like its mRNA, is acutely downregulated in mature Area X when adult males sing with some differences. Total corticosterone levels associated with the different behavioral contexts did not vary, indicating that differences in FoxP2 levels are not likely attributable to stress. Our data, together with recent reports on FoxP2's target genes, suggest that lowered FoxP2 levels may allow for expression of genes important for circuit modification and thus vocal variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Miller
- Department of Physiological Science, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Fulton D, Condro MC, Pearce K, Glanzman DL. The potential role of postsynaptic phospholipase C activity in synaptic facilitation and behavioral sensitization in Aplysia. J Neurophysiol 2008; 100:108-16. [PMID: 18480365 DOI: 10.1152/jn.90389.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous findings indicate that synaptic facilitation, a cellular mechanism underlying sensitization of the siphon withdrawal response (SWR) in Aplysia, depends on a cascade of postsynaptic events, including activation of inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptors and release of Ca2+ from postsynaptic intracellular stores. These findings suggest that phospholipase C (PLC), the enzyme that catalyzes IP3 formation, may play an important role in postsynaptic signaling during facilitation and learning in Aplysia. Using the PLC inhibitor U73122, we found that PLC activity is required for synaptic facilitation following a 10-min treatment with 5-HT, as measured at 20 min after 5-HT washout. Prior work has indicated that facilitation at this time is supported primarily by postsynaptic processes. To determine whether postsynaptic PLC activity is involved in 5-HT-mediated facilitatory actions, we examined the effect of U73122 on enhancement of the response of motor neurons isolated in cell culture to glutamate, the sensory neuron transmitter. A 10-min application of 5-HT induced persistent (>40 min) enhancement of glutamate-evoked potentials (Glu-EPs) recorded from isolated motor neurons, and this enhancement was blocked by U73122. Finally, we showed that injecting U73122 into intact animals before behavioral training impaired intermediate-term sensitization, indicating that PLC activity contributes to this form of nonassociative learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fulton
- Department of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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