1
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Darvish L, Bahreyni Toossi MT, Azimian H, Shakeri M, Dolat E, Ahmadizad Firouzjaei A, Rezaie S, Amraee A, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH. The role of microRNA-induced apoptosis in diverse radioresistant cancers. Cell Signal 2023; 104:110580. [PMID: 36581218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to cancer radiotherapy is one of the biggest concerns for success in treating and preventing recurrent disease. Malignant tumors may develop when they block genetic mutations associated with apoptosis or abnormal expression of apoptosis; Tumor treatment may induce the expression of apoptosis-related genes to promote tumor cell apoptosis. MicroRNAs have been shown to contribute to forecasting prognosis, distinguishing between cancer subtypes, and affecting treatment outcomes in cancer. Constraining these miRNAs may be an attractive treatment strategy to help overcome radiation resistance. The delivery of these future treatments is still challenging due to the excess downstream targets that each miRNA can control. Understanding the role of miRNAs brings us one step closer to attaining patient treatment and improving patient outcomes. This review summarized the current information on the role of microRNA-induced apoptosis in determining the radiosensitivity of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Darvish
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hosein Azimian
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Shakeri
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Dolat
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadizad Firouzjaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Rezaie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Amraee
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, khorramabad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Bioinformatics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Xiao J, He X. Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs in Chemo- and Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8781-8794. [PMID: 34849030 PMCID: PMC8627240 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s336265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is radiation therapy supplemented by chemotherapy. However, long-term radiation therapy can cause some genetic and proteomic changes to produce radiation resistance, leading to tumour recurrence and poor prognosis. Therefore, the search for new markers that can overcome the resistance of tumor cells to drugs and radiotherapy and improve the sensitivity of tumor cells to drugs and radiotherapy is one of the most important goals of pharmacogenomics and cancer research, which is important for predicting treatment response and prognosis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), may play important roles in regulating chemo- and radiation resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by controlling the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair, as well as other signalling pathways. Recent research has suggested that selective modulation of ncRNA activity can improve the response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, providing an innovative antitumour approach based on ncRNA-related gene therapy. Therefore, ncRNAs can serve as biomarkers for tumour prediction and prognosis, play a role in overcoming drug resistance and radiation resistance in NPC, and can also serve as targets for developing new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in chemotherapy and radiation resistance in NPC. The effects of these molecules on predicting therapeutic cancer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Xiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumour Cellular & Molecular Pathology Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiusheng He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumour Cellular & Molecular Pathology Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Lei F, Lei T, Huang Y, Yang M, Liao M, Huang W. Radio-Susceptibility of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Focus on Epstein- Barr Virus, MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs and Circular RNAs. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 13:192-205. [PMID: 31880267 DOI: 10.2174/1874467213666191227104646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of head and neck cancer. As a neoplastic disorder, NPC is a highly malignant squamous cell carcinoma that is derived from the nasopharyngeal epithelium. NPC is radiosensitive; radiotherapy or radiotherapy combining with chemotherapy are the main treatment strategies. However, both modalities are usually accompanied by complications and acquired resistance to radiotherapy is a significant impediment to effective NPC therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover effective radio-sensitization and radio-resistance biomarkers for NPC. Recent studies have shown that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded products, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which share several common signaling pathways, can function in radio-related NPC cells or tissues. Understanding these interconnected regulatory networks will reveal the details of NPC radiation sensitivity and resistance. In this review, we discuss and summarize the specific molecular mechanisms of NPC radio-sensitization and radio-resistance, focusing on EBV-encoded products, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs. This will provide a foundation for the discovery of more accurate, effective and specific markers related to NPC radiotherapy. EBVencoded products, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs have emerged as crucial molecules mediating the radio-susceptibility of NPC. This understanding will improve the clinical application of markers and inform the development of novel therapeutics for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghong Lei
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tongda Lei
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mingxiu Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mingchu Liao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
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4
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Zhang S, Wang B, Zheng L, Fu Z, Fu Y, Huang W, Cheng A. Advances in research on microRNAs related to the invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:463-474. [PMID: 34126919 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210614150720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which is associated with latent Epstein-Barr virus infection in most cases, is a unique epithelial malignancy arising from the nasopharyngeal mucosal lining. Accumulating evidence provides insights into the genetic and molecular aberrations that likely drive nasopharyngeal tumor development and progression. We review recent analyses of microRNAs (miRNAs), including Epstein-Barr virus-encoded miRNAs (EBV-encoded miRNAs) and dysregulated cellular miRNAs, that may be related to the metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The studies summarized herein have greatly expanded our knowledge of the molecular biology of NPC involving miRNAs, and they may provide new biological targets for clinical diagnosis and reveal the potential of microRNA therapeutics. However, much information remains to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShanShan Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - BaiQi Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - LuLu Zheng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - ZhuQiong Fu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - YiTing Fu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - WeiGuo Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - AiLan Cheng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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5
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Bhat AA, Yousuf P, Wani NA, Rizwan A, Chauhan SS, Siddiqi MA, Bedognetti D, El-Rifai W, Frenneaux MP, Batra SK, Haris M, Macha MA. Tumor microenvironment: an evil nexus promoting aggressive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and avenue for targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:12. [PMID: 33436555 PMCID: PMC7804459 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a very aggressive disease with a poor prognosis for advanced-stage tumors. Recent clinical, genomic, and cellular studies have revealed the highly heterogeneous and immunosuppressive nature of HNSCC. Despite significant advances in multimodal therapeutic interventions, failure to cure and recurrence are common and account for most deaths. It is becoming increasingly apparent that tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in HNSCC tumorigenesis, promotes the evolution of aggressive tumors and resistance to therapy, and thereby adversely affects the prognosis. A complete understanding of the TME factors, together with the highly complex tumor-stromal interactions, can lead to new therapeutic interventions in HNSCC. Interestingly, different molecular and immune landscapes between HPV+ve and HPV-ve (human papillomavirus) HNSCC tumors offer new opportunities for developing individualized, targeted chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) regimen. This review highlights the current understanding of the complexity between HPV+ve and HPV-ve HNSCC TME and various tumor-stromal cross-talk modulating processes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), anoikis resistance, angiogenesis, immune surveillance, metastatic niche, therapeutic resistance, and development of an aggressive tumor phenotype. Furthermore, we summarize the recent developments and the rationale behind CIT strategies and their clinical applications in HPV+ve and HPV-ve HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz A Bhat
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Parvaiz Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Nissar A Wani
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arshi Rizwan
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam S Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mushtaq A Siddiqi
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. .,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
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6
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Nguyen L, Schilling D, Dobiasch S, Raulefs S, Santiago Franco M, Buschmann D, Pfaffl MW, Schmid TE, Combs SE. The Emerging Role of miRNAs for the Radiation Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123703. [PMID: 33317198 PMCID: PMC7763922 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with a high mortality rate. Radiotherapy is one treatment option within a multimodal therapy approach for patients with locally advanced, non-resectable pancreatic tumors. However, radiotherapy is only effective in about one-third of the patients. Therefore, biomarkers that can predict the response to radiotherapy are of utmost importance. Recently, microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression, have come into focus as there is growing evidence that microRNAs could serve as diagnostic, predictive and prognostic biomarkers in various cancer entities, including pancreatic cancer. Moreover, their high stability in body fluids such as serum and plasma render them attractive candidates for non-invasive biomarkers. This article describes the role of microRNAs as suitable blood biomarkers and outlines an overview of radiation-induced microRNAs changes and the association with radioresistance in pancreatic cancer. Abstract Today, pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a five-year overall survival rate of less than 7%. Only 15–20% of patients are eligible for curative intent surgery at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, neoadjuvant treatment regimens have been introduced in order to downsize the tumor by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. To further increase the efficacy of radiotherapy, novel molecular biomarkers are urgently needed to define the subgroup of pancreatic cancer patients who would benefit most from radiotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could have the potential to serve as novel predictive and prognostic biomarkers in patients with pancreatic cancer. In the present article, the role of miRNAs as blood biomarkers, which are associated with either radioresistance or radiation-induced changes of miRNAs in pancreatic cancer, is discussed. Furthermore, the manuscript provides own data of miRNAs identified in a pancreatic cancer mouse model as well as radiation-induced miRNA changes in the plasma of tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Nguyen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Dobiasch
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Raulefs
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Marina Santiago Franco
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany; (D.B.); (M.W.P.)
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354 Freising, Germany; (D.B.); (M.W.P.)
| | - Thomas E. Schmid
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie E. Combs
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (L.N.); (D.S.); (S.D.); (S.R.); (M.S.F.); (T.E.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4140-4501
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7
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Liao PY, Dong ZY, Huang CT, Tang XR, Liu GD, Zhu-Liu, Wu DH. Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram Based on Residual Tumor in Patients With Nondisseminated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820957035. [PMID: 32945239 PMCID: PMC7506790 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820957035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the prognostic value of residual tumor based on Magnetic
resonance imaging(MRI) and establish an effective prognostic nomogram model
referring to clinical,pathological and other related factors for predicting
prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Overall, 538 patients with non-metastatic, histologically-confirmed
nasopharyngeal carcinoma were retrospectively examined. Data from 397
patients were used for the construction and validation of a nomogram based
on the presence of residual tumor. A concordance index (C-index) was
employed to assess the predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the
nomogram. Results: The 3-year survival rates in the non-residual and residual tumor cohorts were
as follows: progression-free survival, 73.4% vs. 61.0%, P = 0.009;
locoregional recurrence-free survival, 81.9% vs. 72.0%, P = 0.02; and
distant metastasis-free survival, 80.7% vs. 73.5%, P = 0.11. Nine
significant factors were included in the nomogram model. The calibration
curve for the probability of progression-free survival showed that the
nomogram-based predictive values had good concordance with the actual
observations. Conclusion: The results showed that the patients in the residual tumor cohorts had a
worse prognosis.The proposed nomogram may predict the prognosis and guide
clinical decision-making concerning local residual tumors in nasopharyngeal
carcinoma patients. Patients with a high risk of progression require more
timely and aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Yan Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yi Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan-Tao Huang
- Medical Imaging Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ran Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Dong Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu-Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Hua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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8
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Bai H, Wu S. miR-451: A Novel Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11069-11082. [PMID: 31908476 PMCID: PMC6924581 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s230963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded small RNAs involved in a variety of cellular processes, including ontogeny, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. They can also function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Recent studies have revealed that miRNA-451 (miR-451) is involved in the regulation of various human physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, it has been shown that miR-451 not only directly affects the biological functions of tumor cells but also indirectly affects tumor cell invasion and metastasis upon secretion into the tumor microenvironment via exosomes. Thus, miR-451 also influences the progression of tumorigenesis and drug resistance. This review summarizes the expression of miR-451 in various cancer types and the relationship between miR-451 and the diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance of solid tumors. In addition, we address possible mechanisms of action of miR-451 and its potential application as a biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suhui Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
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9
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EBV encoded miRNA BART8-3p promotes radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating ATM/ATR signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190415. [PMID: 31471531 PMCID: PMC6744588 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to radiotherapy is one of the main causes of treatment failure in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is an important factor in the pathogenesis of NPC, and EBV-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) promote NPC progression. However, the role of EBV-encoded miRNAs in the radiosensitivity of NPC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of EBV-miR-BART8-3p on radiotherapy resistance in NPC cells in vitro and in vivo, and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) (KU60019 and AZD6738, respectively) were used to examine radiotherapy resistance. We proved that EBV-miR-BART8-3p promoted NPC cell proliferation in response to irradiation in vitro and associated with the induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, which was a positive factor for the DNA repair after radiation treatment. Besides, EBV-miR-BART8-3p could increase the size of xenograft tumors significantly in nude mice. Treatment with KU60019 or AZD6738 increased the radiosensitivity of NPC by suppressing the expression of p-ATM and p-ATR. The present results indicate that EBV-miR-BART8-3p promotes radioresistance in NPC by modulating the activity of ATM/ATR signaling pathway.
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10
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Khordadmehr M, Jigari-Asl F, Ezzati H, Shahbazi R, Sadreddini S, Safaei S, Baradaran B. A comprehensive review on miR-451: A promising cancer biomarker with therapeutic potential. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21716-21731. [PMID: 31140618 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are proposed as a family of short noncoding molecules able to manage and control the expression of the gene targets at the posttranscriptional level. They contribute in several fundamental physiological mechanisms as well as a verity of human and animal diseases such as cancer progression. Among these tiny RNAs, miR-451 placed on chromosome 17 at 17q11.2 presents an essential role in many biological processes in health condition and also in pathogenesis of different diseases. Besides, it has been recently considered as a valuable biomarker for cancer detection, prognosis and treatment. Therefore, this review will provide the critical functions of miR-451 on biological mechanisms including cell cycle and proliferation, cell survival and apoptosis, differentiation and development as well as disease initiation and progression such as tumor formation, migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farinaz Jigari-Asl
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Ezzati
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shahbazi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Sadreddini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Wang W, Wu LR, Li C, Zhou X, Liu P, Jia X, Chen Y, Zhu W. Five serum microRNAs for detection and predicting of ovarian cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2019; 3:100017. [PMID: 31404211 PMCID: PMC6687444 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2019.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ovarian cancer (OC) was one of the deadliest gynecological malignancy among women in global. Serum microRNAs (miRNAs) could serve as promising diagnostic biomarkers for patients with OC. Study design Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based Exiqon panel, we identified 27 differentially expressed miRNAs from one normal control (NC) pool and two OC pool samples in the initial screening stage. We further verified the miRNAs in the training (30 OC VS. 36 NCs) and validation stages (80 OC VS. 80 NCs) based on qRT-PCR. Later, the expression levels of the identified miRNAs were also evaluated in exosomes and tissues. Results We found a serum microRNA signature including five overexpressed miRNAs (miR-200c-3p, miR-346, miR-127-3p, miR-143-3p and miR-205-5p) in OC in comparison with NCs. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the five-miRNA panel were 0.783 for the training stage and 0.745 for the validation stage. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the combined five-miRNA panel was 0.818 and 0.609 when the cut-off value was 0.636. The levels of miR-200c-3p, miR-346 and miR-127-3p in serum were related to tumor grade and distant metastasis of OC. The expression levels of the five miRNAs were also significantly up-regulated in serum exosomes (32 OC VS. 32 NCs). Furthermore, miR-200c-3p was significantly elevated in OC tissues (22 OC VS. 22 NCs). But the levels of the miR-346 and miR-143-3p were significantly lower in OC tissues. Conclusion Our findings showed a five-miRNA panel in serum for the detection of OC. Moreover, serum expression levels of miR-200c-3p, miR-346 and miR-127-3p were concerned with tumor grade and distant metastasis of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li-Rong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care hospital, 123 Mochou Road, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.,Medical Department, Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Artux 845350, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1399 West Road, Shengze Town, Wujiang District, Suzhou 215000, China
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12
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Pomatto MAC, Bussolati B, D'Antico S, Ghiotto S, Tetta C, Brizzi MF, Camussi G. Improved Loading of Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Encapsulate Antitumor miRNAs. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 13:133-144. [PMID: 30788382 PMCID: PMC6370572 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry various molecules involved in intercellular communication and have raised great interest as drug delivery systems. Several engineering methods have been investigated for vesicle loading. Here, we studied the electroporation of EVs isolated from plasma to load antitumor microRNAs (miRNAs). First, we optimized the transfection protocol using miRNA cel-39 by evaluating different parameters (voltage and pulse) for their effect on vesicle morphology, loading capacity, and miRNA transfer to target cells. When compared with direct incubation of EVs with miRNA, mild electroporation allowed more efficient loading and better protection of miRNA from RNase degradation. Moreover, electroporation preserved the naive vesicle cargo, including RNAs and proteins, and their ability to be taken up by target cells, supporting the absence of vesicle damage. EVs engineered with antitumor miRNAs (miR-31 and miR-451a) successfully promoted apoptosis of the HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, silencing target genes involved in anti-apoptotic pathways. Our findings indicate an efficient and functional miRNA encapsulation in plasma-derived EVs following an electroporation protocol that preserves EV integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sergio D'Antico
- Blood Bank, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Ghiotto
- Blood Bank, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.,2i3T Scarl, Univerity of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
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13
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Shahabi A, Naghili B, Ansarin K, Zarghami N. The relationship between microRNAs and Rab family GTPases in human cancers. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12341-12352. [PMID: 30609026 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs), as a group of noncoding RNAs, posttranscriptionally control gene expression by binding to 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Ras-associated binding (Rab) proteins function as molecular switches for regulating vesicular transport, which mainly have oncogenic roles in cancer development and preventing the efficacy of chemotherapies. Increased evidence supported that miRNAs/Rabs interaction have been determined as potential therapeutics for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, instability and cross-targeting of miRNAs are main limitations of using miRNA-based therapeutic. The mutual interplay between Rabs and miRNAs has been poorly understood. In the present review, we focused on the essence and activity of these molecules in cancer pathogenesis. Also, numerous hindrances and potential methods in the expansion of miRNA as an anticancer therapeutics are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Shahabi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Naghili
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Trattnig C, Üçal M, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Bucko A, Zefferer U, Grünbacher G, Absenger-Novak M, Öhlinger KA, Kraitsy K, Hamberger D, Schaefer U, Patz S. MicroRNA-451a overexpression induces accelerated neuronal differentiation of Ntera2/D1 cells and ablation affects neurogenesis in microRNA-451a-/- mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207575. [PMID: 30462722 PMCID: PMC6248975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-451a is best known for its role in erythropoiesis and for its tumour suppressor features. Here we show a role for miR-451a in neuronal differentiation through analysis of endogenous and ectopically expressed or silenced miR-451a in Ntera2/D1 cells during neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, we compared neuronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus of miR-451a-/- and wild type mice. MiR-451a overexpression in lentiviral transduced Ntera2/D1 cells was associated with a significant shifting of mRNA expression of the developmental markers Nestin, βIII Tubulin, NF200, DCX and MAP2 to earlier developmental time points, compared to control vector transduced cells. In line with this, accelerated neuronal network formation in AB.G.miR-451a transduced cells, as well as an increase in neurite outgrowth both in number and length was observed. MiR-451a targets genes MIF, AKT1, CAB39, YWHAZ, RAB14, TSC1, OSR1, POU3F2, TNS4, PSMB8, CXCL16, CDKN2D and IL6R were, moreover, either constantly downregulated or exhibited shifted expression profiles in AB.G.miR-451a transduced cells. Lentiviral knockdown of endogenous miR-451a expression in Ntera2/D1 cells resulted in decelerated differentiation. Endogenous miR-451a expression was upregulated during development in the hippocampus of wildtype mice. In situ hybridization revealed intensively stained single cells in the subgranular zone and the hilus of the dentate gyrus of wild type mice, while genetic ablation of miR-451a was observed to promote an imbalance between proliferation and neuronal differentiation in neurogenic brain regions, suggested by Ki67 and DCX staining. Taken together, these results provide strong support for a role of miR-451a in neuronal maturation processes in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Trattnig
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | - Muammer Üçal
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Angela Bucko
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrike Zefferer
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerda Grünbacher
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Klaus Kraitsy
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | - Daniel Hamberger
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
| | - Ute Schaefer
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Silke Patz
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria
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15
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Ruhl R, Rana S, Kelley K, Espinosa-Diez C, Hudson C, Lanciault C, Thomas CR, Liana Tsikitis V, Anand S. microRNA-451a regulates colorectal cancer proliferation in response to radiation. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:517. [PMID: 29720118 PMCID: PMC5932766 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. The biologic response of CRC to standard of care adjuvant therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation are poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to affect CRC progression and metastasis. Therefore, we hypothesized that specific miRs modulate CRC response to chemoradiation. METHODS In this study, we used miR expression profiling and discovered a set of microRNAs upregulated rapidly in response to either a single 2 Gy dose fraction or a 10 Gy dose of γ-radiation in mouse colorectal carcinoma models. We used gain and loss-of-function studies in 2D and 3Dcell proliferation assays and colony formation assays to understand the role of the top miR candidate from our profiling. We used Student's T-tests for simple comparisons and two-factor ANOVA for evaluating significance. RESULTS The most upregulated candidate at early time points in our signature, miR-451a inhibited tumor cell proliferation and attenuated surviving fraction in longer-term cultures. Conversely, inhibition of miR-451a increased proliferation, tumorsphere formation, and surviving fraction of tumor cells. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified four genes, CAB39, EMSY, MEX3C, and EREG, as targets of miR-451a. Transfection of miR-451a decreased both mRNA and protein levels of these targets. Importantly, we found miR-451a expression was high and CAB39, EMSY levels were low in a small subset of rectal cancer patients who had a partial response to chemoradiation when compared to patients that had no response. Finally, analysis of a TCGA colorectal cancer dataset revealed that CAB39 and EMSY are upregulated at the protein level in a significant number of CRC patients. Higher levels of CAB39 and EMSY correlated with poorer overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicates miR-451a is induced by radiation and may influence colorectal carcinoma proliferation via CAB39 and EMSY pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ruhl
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Shushan Rana
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Katherine Kelley
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Diez
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Clayton Hudson
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Christian Lanciault
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Charles R Thomas
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - V Liana Tsikitis
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Sudarshan Anand
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. .,Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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16
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Dickman CTD, Lawson J, Jabalee J, MacLellan SA, LePard NE, Bennewith KL, Garnis C. Selective extracellular vesicle exclusion of miR-142-3p by oral cancer cells promotes both internal and extracellular malignant phenotypes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15252-15266. [PMID: 28146434 PMCID: PMC5362484 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Packaging of small molecular factors, including miRNAs, into small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) may contribute to malignant phenotypes and facilitate communication between cancer cells and tumor stroma. The process by which some miRNAs are enclosed in SEVs is selective rather than indiscriminate, with selection in part governed by specific miRNA sequences. Herein, we describe the selective packaging and removal via SEVs of four miRNAs (miR-142-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-451a, and miR-223-3p) in a panel of oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Inhibition of exosome export protein Rab27A increased intracellular concentration of these miRNA candidates and prevented their exclusion via SEVs. Increased intracellular miR-142-3p specifically was found to target TGFBR1, causing a decrease in TGFBR1 expression in donor cells and a reduction of malignant features such as growth and colony formation. Conversely, increased excretion of miR-142-3p via donor cell SEVs and uptake by recipient endothelial cells was found to reduce TGFBR1 activity and cause tumor-promoting changes in these cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T D Dickman
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James Lawson
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James Jabalee
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sara A MacLellan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nancy E LePard
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin L Bennewith
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cathie Garnis
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC Canada.,Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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17
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Yoo BC, Yeo SG. Identification of CEA-interacting proteins in colon cancer cells and their changes in expression after irradiation. Radiat Oncol J 2017; 35:281-288. [PMID: 28881503 PMCID: PMC5654139 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2017.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level has been recognized as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer, and associated with response of rectal cancer to radiotherapy. This study aimed to identify CEA-interacting proteins in colon cancer cells and observe post-irradiation changes in their expression. Materials and Methods CEA expression in colon cancer cells was examined by Western blot analysis. Using an anti-CEA antibody or IgG as a negative control, immunoprecipitation was performed in colon cancer cell lysates. CEA and IgG immunoprecipitates were used for liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Proteins identified in the CEA immunoprecipitates but not in the IgG immunoprecipitates were selected as CEA-interacting proteins. After radiation treatment, changes in expression of CEA-interacting proteins were monitored by Western blot analysis. Results CEA expression was higher in SNU-81 cells compared with LoVo cells. The membrane localization of CEA limited the immunoprecipitation results and thus the number of CEA-interacting proteins identified. Only the Ras-related protein Rab-6B and lysozyme C were identified as CEA-interacting proteins in LoVo and SNU-81 cells, respectively. Lysozyme C was detected only in SNU-81, and CEA expression was differently regulated in two cell lines; it was down-regulated in LoVo but up-regulated in SNU-81 in radiation dosage-dependent manner. Conclusion CEA-mediated radiation response appears to vary, depending on the characteristics of individual cancer cells. The lysozyme C and Rab subfamily proteins may play a role in the link between CEA and tumor response to radiation, although further studies are needed to clarify functional roles of the identified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong Chul Yoo
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung-Gu Yeo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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18
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Qin X, Wang J, Wang X, Liu F, Jiang B, Zhang Y. Targeting Rabs as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1139-1147. [PMID: 28390930 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rab GTPases constitute the largest family of small GTPases. Rabs regulate not only membrane trafficking but also cell signaling, growth and survival, and development. Increasingly, Rabs and their effectors are shown to be overexpressed or subject to loss-of-function mutations in a variety of disease settings, including cancer progression. This review provides an overview of dysregulated Rab proteins in cancer, and highlights the signaling and secretory pathways in which they operate, with the aim of identifying potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Recent progress and perspectives for direct and/or indirect targeting of Rabs are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Qin
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Jiongyi Wang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
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19
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Liu C, Li G, Ren S, Su Z, Wang Y, Tian Y, Liu Y, Qiu Y. miR-185-3p regulates the invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting WNT2B in vitro. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2631-2636. [PMID: 28454443 PMCID: PMC5403522 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been recognised as important regulators of malignant behaviour in different types of human cancer, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A previous study by our group revealed that miR-185-3p regulates the radioresistance of NPC cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-185-3p on NPC invasion and metastasis. Human NPC CNE-2 and 5-8F cell lines were transfected with a miR-185-3p mimic and miR-185-3p inhibitor, respectively, and their effects on the invasion and metastasis of these cells was assessed using a wound healing assay and Matrigel invasion assay. The target gene of miR-185-3p, Wnt family member 2B (WNT2B) was silenced in 5-8F cells using siRNA in order to investigate its function in NPC. Data from the present study demonstrated that the expression of miR-185-3p was the highest in 5-8F and lowest in CNE-2 cells out of a range of NPC cell lines. Following the transfection of miR-185-3p mimic into CNE-2 cells, the wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays indicated that the migration and invasion ability of CNE-2 cells was significantly reduced compared with the negative control group. In addition, the inhibition of miR-185-3p in 5-8F cells significantly increased the capacity for migration and invasion. Furthermore, silencing WNT2B expression resulted in a significant reduction in the invasion and metastasis in 5-8F cells. The inhibition of miR-185-3p, which promotes invasion and metastasis, could be reversed through the silencing of WNT2B in 5-8F cells. The results of the present study indicate that miR-185-3p mediates the invasion and metastasis of NPC by targeting WNT2B in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shuling Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwu Su
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yongquan Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzheng Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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20
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MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:8245345. [PMID: 28325958 PMCID: PMC5343268 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8245345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to the ionizing radiation is a current problem in the treatment and clinical management of various cancers including head and neck cancer. There are several biological and molecular mechanisms described to be responsible for resistance of the tumors to radiotherapy. Among them, the main mechanisms include alterations in intracellular pathways involved in DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. It has been found that regulation of these complex processes is often controlled by microRNAs. MicroRNAs are short endogenous RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression and their deregulated expression has been observed in many tumors including head and neck cancer. Specific expression patterns of microRNAs have also been shown to predict prognosis and therapeutic response in head and neck cancer. Therefore, microRNAs present promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets that might overcome resistance to radiation and improve prognosis of head and neck cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the functional role of microRNAs in radioresistance of cancer with special focus on head and neck cancer.
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21
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Nothnick WB, Falcone T, Joshi N, Fazleabas AT, Graham A. Serum miR-451a Levels Are Significantly Elevated in Women With Endometriosis and Recapitulated in Baboons ( Papio anubis) With Experimentally-Induced Disease. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:1195-1202. [PMID: 27920341 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116681519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that human microRNA-451a (miR-451a) endometriotic lesion expression is significantly higher compared to that of the corresponding eutopic endometrium. The objective of the current study was to examine the relationship between lesion and serum content of miR-451a and to determine the utility of serum miR-451a in distinguishing between women with and without visible signs of endometriosis. Eighty-one participants were enrolled in this study, 41 with confirmed endometriosis and 40 without visible signs of endometriosis at laparoscopy (n = 20) or symptoms of endometriosis (pain, infertility n = 20). Experimental endometriosis was also induced in 8 baboons. Blood, endometriotic lesions, and eutopic endometrial samples were collected from women undergoing laparoscopy for surgical removal of endometriosis. Blood was also collected from control participants with no signs and symptoms associated with the disease as well as from baboons prior to, and then 1, 3, 6, 9, and 15 months postinduction of endometriosis. MicroRNA-451a was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in all samples. In humans, serum miR-451a levels positively correlated with endometriotic lesion miR-451a content, and sera levels were significantly higher in these participants compared to controls. The area under the curve (AUC) for miR-451a was 0.8599. In baboons, serum miR-451a reached statistically significant peak levels at 6 months postinduction of endometriosis. We conclude from this study that sera miR-451a levels positively correlated with endometriotic lesion content and are significantly greater compared to sera levels in women without visible signs or symptoms of endometriosis. MicroRNA-451a may serve as a serum diagnostic marker for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren B Nothnick
- 1 Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,2 Center for Reproductive Sciences, Institute for Reproductive Health and Regenerative Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Tommaso Falcone
- 3 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Niraj Joshi
- 4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Asgerally T Fazleabas
- 4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Amanda Graham
- 1 Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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22
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Yu J, Wang L, Yang H, Ding D, Zhang L, Wang J, Chen Q, Zou Q, Jin Y, Liu X. Rab14 Suppression Mediated by MiR-320a Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion in Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7:2317-2326. [PMID: 27994670 PMCID: PMC5166543 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We found that microRNA-320a (miR-320a) was an attractive prognostic biomarker in breast cancer (BC) previously, whereas its regulatory mechanism in BC was not well understood. Our aim was to identify miR-320a target gene, examine the clinical relationship between miR-320a and its target, and further explore the functions of its target in BC. In this study, miR-320a downstream target gene was determined in HEK-293T cells by dual luciferase reporter assay. Then western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to assess miR-320a target gene expression in fresh frozen (n=19, breast cancer and matched non-malignant adjacent tissue samples) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) (n=130, invasive BC tissues, the same panel detected for miR-320a expression previously) breast tissues, respectively. The results suggested that miR-320a could significantly suppressed Rab14 3'-untranslated region luciferase-reporter activity, and thus Rab14 was first identified as miR-320a target in BC. In 19 matched breast tissues, 12 (63%) breast cancer tissues showed high expression of Rab14 compared with the corresponding normal tissues. Rab14 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the cytoplasm, 77/130 (59.2%) showed high expression. Furthermore, Rab14 expression was found to be inversely correlated with miR-320a expression in fresh-frozen breast tissues as well as in FFPE invasive breast cancer samples. In addition, Rab14 expression levels were positively related to tumor size (P = 0.034), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P = 0.001), histological grade (P = 0.035) and clinical tumor lymph-node metastasis stage (P = 0.001). Patients with higher Rab14 expression showed shorter overall survival time. Moreover, silencing of Rab14 could suppress proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cell lines. Collectively, our results indicate that miR-320a could target Rab14 and that they could interact biologically in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital, Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong 255400, China
| | - Di Ding
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yiting Jin
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiuping Liu
- Department of Pathology, the Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
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23
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MicroRNAs serving as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A critical review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 103:1-9. [PMID: 27179594 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant medical advancement, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains one of the most difficult cancers to detect and treat where it continues to prevail especially among the Asian population. miRNAs could act as tumour suppressor genes or oncogenes in NPC. They play important roles in the pathogenesis of NPC by regulating specific target genes which are involved in various cellular processes and pathways. In particular, studies on miRNAs related to the Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein one (LMP1) and EBVmiRNA- BART miRNA confirmed the link between EBV and NPC. Both miRNA and its target genes could potentially be exploited for prognostic and therapeutic strategies. They are also important in predicting the sensitivity of NPC to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The detection of stable circulating miRNAs in plasma of NPC patients has raised the potential of miRNAs as novel diagnostic markers. To conclude, understanding the roles of miRNA in NPC will identify ways to improve the management of patients with NPC.
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24
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MiR-125a regulates ovarian cancer proliferation and invasion by repressing GALNT14 expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:381-387. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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25
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Fan H, Shao M, Huang S, Liu Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Diao J, Liu Y, Tong LI, Fan Q. MiR-593 mediates curcumin-induced radiosensitization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via MDR1. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3729-3734. [PMID: 27313684 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) exhibits radiosensitization effects to a variety of malignant tumors. The present study investigates the radiosensitizing effect of Cur on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and whether its mechanism is associated with microRNA-593 (miR-593) and multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1). A clonogenic assay was performed to measure the radiosensitizing effect. The expression of miR-593 and MDR1 was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) or western blot assay. A transplanted tumor model was established to identify the radiosensitizing effect in vivo. A luciferase-based reporter was constructed to evaluate the effect of direct binding of miR-593 to the putative target site on the 3' UTR of MDR1. The clonogenic assay showed that Cur enhanced the radiosensitivity of cells. Cur (100 mg/kg) combined with 4 Gy irradiation inhibited the growth of a transplanted tumor model in vivo, resulting in the higher inhibition ratio compared with the radiotherapy-alone group. These results demonstrated that Cur had a radiosensitizing effect on NPC cells in vivo and in vitro; Cur-mediated upregulation of miR-593 resulted in reduced MDR1 expression, which may promote radiosensitivity of NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoning Fan
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Meng Shao
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Diao
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yuanliang Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - L I Tong
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qin Fan
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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26
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Zhang Q, Li Q, Xu T, Jiang H, Xu LG. miR-491-5p suppresses cell growth and invasion by targeting Notch3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3541-7. [PMID: 27035429 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have critical roles in the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a highly invasive and metastatic cancer that is widely prevalent in Southern China. miR-491-5p has been implicated in multiple types of cancer; however, its biological role and underlying mechanism in NPC have not been fully explored. In the present study, we found that miR-491-5p was downregulated in NPC tissues and cell lines compared with the corresponding normal counterparts. Overexpression of miR-491-5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Using miRNA target prediction algorithms and reporter assays, we showed that miR-491-5p suppressed Notch3 expression both at the mRNA and protein level through directly targeting the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Notch3 mRNA. Overexpression of Notch3 significantly reversed the tumor-suppressive effects of miR‑491-5p. Taken together, the present study reveals a mechanistic link between miR-491-5p and Notch3 in the pathogenesis of NPC and that miR-491-5p has potential as a therapeutic target for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of ENT, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of ENT, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of ENT, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of ENT, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Gen Xu
- Department of ENT, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
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27
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Tian F, Han Y, Yan X, Zhong D, Yang G, Lei J, Li X, Wang X. Upregulation of microrna-451 increases the sensitivity of A549 cells to radiotherapy through enhancement of apoptosis. Thorac Cancer 2015; 7:226-31. [PMID: 27042226 PMCID: PMC4773304 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As radioresistance of non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) is one of the main causes of failure in radiotherapy, we examined whether micro ribonucleic acid (miR‐451) could function as a potential radiosensitizer of NSCLC and the related mechanism. Methods: Radioresistant NSCLC cell line A549 was transfected with pre‐miR‐451 or a scrambled control. The miR‐451 messenger RNA level, colony‐forming ability, apoptosis, and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein level of 549 cells were examined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction, clonogenic assay, flow cytometry analysis, and Western blot. Results: Upregulation of miR‐451 enhanced the suppressive effects of irradiation on the colony‐forming ability of A549 cells. The apoptosis and PTEN expression of A549 cells post‐irradiation were also enhanced by upregulation of miR‐451. Conclusions: Upregulation of miR‐451 sensitized radioresistant NSCLC A549 cells to irradiation through the enhancement of apoptosis. The activation of PTEN post‐irradiation was possibly correlated with the radiosensitization of A549 cells induced by miR‐451 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Daixing Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jie Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital the Forth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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28
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Xu J, Ai Q, Cao H, Liu Q. MiR-185-3p and miR-324-3p Predict Radiosensitivity of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Modulate Cancer Cell Growth and Apoptosis by Targeting SMAD7. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2828-36. [PMID: 26390174 PMCID: PMC4582915 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MiR-185-3p and miR-324-3p are 2 miRNAs that regulate nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) radioresistance. This study tried to assess the clinical values of low miR-185-3p and low miR-324-3p expression in predicting response to radiotherapy (RT) and prognosis of NPC and to explore their new downstream targets. Material/Methods We recruited 80 patients with primary NPC. MiR-185-3p and miR-324-3p expression in the tumor tissues before and after RT or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were determined. Overall survival and recurrence-free survival curves were estimated to assess the prognostic values of these 2 miRNAs. Their target was predicted using an online database and verified using dual luciferase assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. In addition, the function of miR-185-3p/miR-324-3p-SMAD7 axis in NPC cells was investigated. Results The expression of miR-185-3p and miR-324-3p was significantly reduced after RT in radioresistant but not in radiosensitive cases. Although miR-185-3p and miR-324-3p are not independent prognostic indicators of overall survival of NPC, their low expression is still associated with poor overall survival and recurrence-free survival. In addition, miR-185-3p and miR-324-3p can modulate growth and apoptosis of NPC cells, partly via SMAD7. Conclusions Combined low miR-185-3p and miR-324-3p might be important markers for prediction of low response to RT/CRT and poor overall survival and recurrence-free survival. MiR-185-3p and miR-324-3p can modulate NPC cell growth and apoptosis, at least partly through targeting SMAD7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Xu
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), People's Hospital of Chengyang, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qin Ai
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Zhangqiu, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hanhai Cao
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), People's Hospital of Zoucheng, Zoucheng, Shandong, China (mainland)
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29
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Peng Z, Xu T, Liao X, He H, Xu W. Effects of radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell invasiveness. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:15559-15566. [PMID: 26318302 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3960-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), whereas its effects on the NPC growth, survival, and metastases have not been completely evaluated. Here, we compared the detected metastatic NPC tissues after radiotherapy (m-NPC) to the resected primary NPC tissues prior to radiotherapy (p-NPC). We detected higher levels of Snail2 protein, but not mRNA in m-NPC, compared to p-NPC. In vitro, a modest irradiation on NPC cells resulted in significant cell death, but increased Snail2 protein, but mRNA levels in the surviving NPC cells. Bioinformatics analyses showed that miR-613, which was significantly decreased in NPC cells after irradiation, targeted the 3'-UTR of Snail2 mRNA to inhibit its translation. Moreover, miR-613 overexpression inhibited Snail2-mediated cell invasiveness, while miR-613 depletion increased Snail2-mediated cell invasiveness in NPC cells. Finally, we detected significantly lower levels of miR-613 in m-NPC, compared to p-NPC. Together our data suggest that although radiotherapy induced NPC cell death, it may increase Snail2-mediated NPC cell invasiveness through downregulating miR-613.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Quzhou People Hospital, Zhongloudi Road, Quzhou, 324000, China,
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30
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Pan X, Peng G, Liu S, Sun Z, Zou Z, Wu G. MicroRNA-4649-3p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:559-64. [PMID: 26081980 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microRNA-4649-3p on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell proliferation and how it regulated SHP-1 expression. The online software TargetScan was used to predict the microRNAs targeting SHP-1 and identified that miR-4649-3p was one of the possible miRNAs targeting SHP-1. Subsequently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-4649-3p and SHP-1 mRNA in different NPC cell lines. The miR-4649-3p mimics and inhibitors were transfected into NPC cells and cell proliferation was examined by the MTT assay. The SHP-1 expression level was determined by PCR and western blot analysis. Lentivirus containing the SHP-1 gene and miR-4649-3p mimics was co-transfected into the NPC cells and cell proliferation was detected by the MTT assay. The expression level of miR-4649-3p and SHP-1 mRNA was negatively correlated in the NPC cell lines. miR-4649-3p mimics suppressed NPC cell proliferation whereas miR-4649-3p inhibitors promoted NPC cell proliferation. The SHP-1 expression level was suppressed when transfected with miR-4649-3p mimics in NPC cells. The miR-4649-3p inhibitors increased SHP-1 expression. The luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-4649-3p directly targeted SHP-1 by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of SHP-1 mRNA. Overexpression of SHP-1 inversed the inhibited effect of miR-4649-3p mimics on cell proliferation. In conclusion, miR-4649-3p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting SHP-1 in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Pan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Gang Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Zou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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31
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Zhang Z, Ma J, Luan G, Kang L, Su Y, He Y, Luan F. MiR-506 suppresses tumor proliferation and invasion by targeting FOXQ1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122851. [PMID: 25856555 PMCID: PMC4391879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in various biological processes including tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the expression and function of miR-506 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we showed that miR-506 was downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-506 dramatically suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Moreover, we identified the Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) gene as a novel direct target of miR-506. MiR-506 exerts its tumor suppressor function through inhibition of the FOXQ1, which was involved in tumor metastasis and proliferation in various cancers. Furthermore, the expression of FOXQ1 is up-regulated in NPC cell lines and tissues. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-506 functions as a tumor suppressor miRNA in NPC and that its suppressive effects are mediated chiefly by repressing FOXQ1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanchi Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Guang Luan
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yuhong Su
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yanan He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Feng Luan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
- * E-mail:
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