1
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PCBP1 regulates the transcription and alternative splicing of metastasis‑related genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23356. [PMID: 34857818 PMCID: PMC8640068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PCBP1 is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein (RBP) expressed in most human cells and is involved in posttranscriptional gene regulation. PCBP1 regulates the alternative splicing, translation and RNA stability of many cancer-related genes and has been identified as a potential tumour suppressor gene. PCBP1 inhibits the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, but there are few studies on the specific regulatory target and mechanism of RBPs in HCC, and it is unclear whether PCBP1 plays a role in tumour metastasis as a splicing factor. We analysed the regulation of gene expression by PCBP1 at the transcriptional level. We obtained and analysed PCBP1-knockdown RNA-seq data and eCLIP-seq data of PCBP1 in HepG2 cells and found that PCBP1 widely regulates the alternative splicing and expression of genes enriched in cancer-related pathways, including extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, small molecule metabolic process and apoptosis. We validated five regulated alternative splicing events affected by PCBP1 using RT-qPCR and found that there was a significant difference in the expression of APOC1 and SPHK1 between tumour and normal tissues. In this study, we provided convincing evidence that human PCBP1 profoundly regulates the splicing of genes associated with tumour metastasis. These findings provide new insight into potential markers or therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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2
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Gupta P, Taiyab A, Hussain A, Alajmi MF, Islam A, Hassan MI. Targeting the Sphingosine Kinase/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling Axis in Drug Discovery for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1898. [PMID: 33920887 PMCID: PMC8071327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged as critical players in the regulation of various physiological processes. Ceramide and sphingosine induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis, whereas sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes cell proliferation and survival. Here, we present an overview of sphingolipid metabolism and the compartmentalization of various sphingolipid metabolites. In addition, the sphingolipid rheostat, a fine metabolic balance between ceramide and S1P, is discussed. Sphingosine kinase (SphK) catalyzes the synthesis of S1P from sphingosine and modulates several cellular processes and is found to be essentially involved in various pathophysiological conditions. The regulation and biological functions of SphK isoforms are discussed. The functions of S1P, along with its receptors, are further highlighted. The up-regulation of SphK is observed in various cancer types and is also linked to radio- and chemoresistance and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Implications of the SphK/S1P signaling axis in human pathologies and its inhibition are discussed in detail. Overall, this review highlights current findings on the SphK/S1P signaling axis from multiple angles, including their functional role, mechanism of activation, involvement in various human malignancies, and inhibitor molecules that may be used in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Aaliya Taiyab
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
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3
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Wang X, Sun Y, Peng X, Naqvi SMAS, Yang Y, Zhang J, Chen M, Chen Y, Chen H, Yan H, Wei G, Hong P, Lu Y. The Tumorigenic Effect of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Its Potential Therapeutic Target. Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274820976664. [PMID: 33317322 PMCID: PMC8480355 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820976664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) regulates cell proliferation and survival by converting sphingosine to the signaling mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). SPHK1 is widely overexpressed in most cancers, promoting tumor progression and is associated with clinical prognosis. Numerous studies have explored SPHK1 as a promising target for cancer therapy. However, due to insufficient knowledge of SPHK1 oncogenic mechanisms, its inhibitors’ therapeutic potential in preventing and treating cancer still needs further investigation. In this review, we summarized the metabolic balance regulated by the SPHK1/S1P signaling pathway and highlighted the oncogenic mechanisms of SPHK1 via the upregulation of autophagy, proliferation, and survival, migration, angiogenesis and inflammation, and inhibition of apoptosis. Drug candidates targeting SPHK1 were also discussed at the end. This review provides new insights into the oncogenic effect of SPHK1 and sheds light on the future direction for targeting SPHK1 as cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Syed Manzar Abbas Shah Naqvi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Meiwen Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyue Chen
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Huizi Yan
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Guangliang Wei
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Hong
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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4
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Systems Pharmacology and Microbiome Dissection of Shen Ling Bai Zhu San Reveal Multiscale Treatment Strategy for IBD. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8194804. [PMID: 31341536 PMCID: PMC6612409 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8194804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Generally, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be caused by psychology, genes, environment, and gut microbiota. Therefore, IBD therapy should be improved to utilize multiple strategies. Shen Ling Bai Zhu San (SLBZS) adheres to the aim of combating complex diseases from an integrative and holistic perspective, which is effective for IBD therapy. Herein, a systems pharmacology and microbiota approach was developed for these molecular mechanisms exemplified by SLBZS. First, by systematic absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion (ADME) analysis, potential active compounds and their corresponding direct targets were retrieved. Then, the network relationships among the active compounds, targets, and disease were built to deduce the pharmacological actions of the drug. Finally, an “IBD pathway” consisting of several regulatory modules was proposed to dissect the therapeutic effects of SLBZS. In addition, the effects of SLBZS on gut microbiota were evaluated through analysis of the V3-V4 region and multivariate statistical methods. SLBZS significantly shifted the gut microbiota structure in a rat model. Taken together, we found that SLBZS has multidimensionality in the regulation of IBD-related physiological processes, which provides new sights into herbal medicine for the treatment of IBD.
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Chen T, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Zhou W, Huang H, Yin S, Xie H, Zhou L, Zheng S. HJURP Promotes Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Upregulating SPHK1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1139-1147. [PMID: 31223275 PMCID: PMC6567799 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.30904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Holliday Junction Recognition Protein (HJURP) is involved in various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current studies have showed that HJURP is correlated with HCC proliferation. However, the role of HJURP in HCC Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition remains unclear. In this study, we found that HJURP knockdown significantly reduced the migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells both in vivo and in vitro by interacting with Sphingosine kinase1 (SPHK1). Conversely, HJURP overexpression enhanced these biological abilities. Moreover, high HJURP expression is related to poor prognosis of HCC patients. In conclusion, HJURP plays an important role in tumor metastasis by upregulating SPHK1. And high HJURP expression may predict a lower disease-free survival rate and higher possibility of microvascular invasion in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuhua Zhou
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hechen Huang
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyong Yin
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of the diagnosis and treatment of organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative innovation center for Diagnosis treatment of infectious diseases, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Zhao Z, Ma J, Hu B, Zhang Y, Wang S. SPHK1 promotes metastasis of thyroid carcinoma through activation of the S1P/S1PR3/Notch signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5007-5016. [PMID: 29805524 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is characterized by an aggressive behavior, lack of effective targeted therapies and a high rate of relapse. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) has been reported to be a critical regulatory factor in the progression of thyroid carcinoma, but the correlation between SPHK1 and clinical prognosis of patients with thyroid carcinoma has remained to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to systematically assess the roles of SPHK1 in thyroid carcinoma metastasis and further investigate the possible underlying mechanisms. First, the expression of SPHK1 was detected in tissue samples from 53 thyroid carcinoma patients and in thyroid carcinoma cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, the level of phospho-(p)-SPHK1 was immunohistochemically detected in human thyroid carcinoma tissue samples. The activity of SPHK1 was measured with a commercial SPHK1 Activity Assay kit. A sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) competitive ELISA kit was used to determine the extracellular S1P levels. The metastatic potential was assessed by a Transwell assay. In addition, the association between SPHK1 and clinicopathological features of the patients was analyzed. The results indicated that the expression of SPHK1 in thyroid carcinoma samples was significantly higher than in paired adjacent normal thyroid tissues. High levels of SPHK1 were positively correlated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival. Downregulation of SPHK1 by lentiviral vector expressing SPHK1 small interfering (si)RNA evidently repressed Notch signaling and reduced the migration and invasion of thyroid carcinoma cells in vitro and in a NOD/SCID mouse model. Furthermore, inhibition of SPHK1 by siRNA or treatment with SPHK1 inhibitor 5C sensitized thyroid carcinoma to cisplatin and doxorubicin. In addition, it was demonstrated that silencing of SPHK1 effectively inhibits processes associated with thyroid carcinoma metastasis through the Notch signaling pathway, and SPHK1 may therefore represent a potential therapeutic target in thyroid carcinoma. In conclusion, the present study indicated that high levels of p-SPHK1 were positively correlated with high levels of S1P which in turn promoted thyroid carcinoma metastasis via the S1P/S1P receptor 3/Notch signaling pathway, suggesting possible prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Zhao
- Thyroid-Breast Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Thyroid-Breast Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, P.R. China
| | - Baoquan Hu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Shushu Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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7
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Liu H, Ma Y, He HW, Zhao WL, Shao RG. SPHK1 (sphingosine kinase 1) induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by promoting the autophagy-linked lysosomal degradation of CDH1/E-cadherin in hepatoma cells. Autophagy 2018; 13:900-913. [PMID: 28521610 PMCID: PMC5446059 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1291479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
SPHK1 (sphingosine kinase 1), a regulator of sphingolipid metabolites, plays a causal role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through augmenting HCC invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanism by which SPHK1 signaling promotes invasion and metastasis in HCC remains to be clarified. Here, we reported that SPHK1 induced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by accelerating CDH1/E-cadherin lysosomal degradation and facilitating the invasion and metastasis of HepG2 cells. Initially, we found that SPHK1 promoted cell migration and invasion and induced the EMT process through decreasing the expression of CDH1, which is an epithelial marker. Furthermore, SPHK1 accelerated the lysosomal degradation of CDH1 to induce EMT, which depended on TRAF2 (TNF receptor associated factor 2)-mediated macroautophagy/autophagy activation. In addition, the inhibition of autophagy recovered CDH1 expression and reduced cell migration and invasion through delaying the degradation of CDH1 in SPHK1-overexpressing cells. Moreover, the overexpression of SPHK1 produced intracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). In response to S1P stimulation, TRAF2 bound to BECN1/Beclin 1 and catalyzed the lysine 63-linked ubiquitination of BECN1 for triggering autophagy. The deletion of the RING domain of TRAF2 inhibited autophagy and the interaction of BECN1 and TRAF2. Our findings define a novel mechanism responsible for the regulation of the EMT via SPHK1-TRAF2-BECN1-CDH1 signal cascades in HCC cells. Our work indicates that the blockage of SPHK1 activity to attenuate autophagy may be a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) , Department of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yan Ma
- a Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) , Department of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Hong-Wei He
- a Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) , Department of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Wu-Li Zhao
- a Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) , Department of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Rong-Guang Shao
- a Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) , Department of Oncology , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
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8
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The Role of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Ceramide-1-Phosphate in Inflammation and Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:4806541. [PMID: 29269995 PMCID: PMC5705877 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4806541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is part of our body's response to tissue injury and pathogens. It helps to recruit various immune cells to the site of inflammation and activates the production of mediators to mobilize systemic protective processes. However, chronic inflammation can increase the risk of diseases like cancer. Apart from cytokines and chemokines, lipid mediators, particularly sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), contribute to inflammation and cancer. S1P is an important player in inflammation-associated colon cancer progression. On the other hand, C1P has been recognized to be involved in cancer cell growth, migration, survival, and inflammation. However, whether C1P is involved in inflammation-associated cancer is not yet established. In contrast, few studies have also suggested that S1P and C1P are involved in anti-inflammatory pathways regulated in certain cell types. Ceramide is the substrate for ceramide kinase (CERK) to yield C1P, and sphingosine is phosphorylated to S1P by sphingosine kinases (SphKs). Biological functions of sphingolipid metabolites have been studied extensively. Ceramide is associated with cell growth inhibition and enhancement of apoptosis while S1P and C1P are associated with enhancement of cell growth and survival. Altogether, S1P and C1P are important regulators of ceramide level and cell fate. This review focuses on S1P and C1P involvement in inflammation and cancer with emphasis on recent progress in the field.
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9
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Lu PH, Chen MB, Liu YY, Wu MH, Li WT, Wei MX, Liu CY, Qin SK. Identification of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) as a primary target of icaritin in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22800-22810. [PMID: 28206952 PMCID: PMC5410263 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm. We aim to explore the anti-HCC activity by a natural prenylflavonoid icaritin. Icaritin was cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic when added to established (HepG2, KYN-2 and Huh-7 lines) and primary human HCC cells. At the signaling level, icaritin inhibited sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) activity in HCC cells, which led to pro-apoptotic ceramide production and JNK1 activation. SphK1 inhibition or silence (by shRNA/microRNA) mimicked icaritin-mediated cytotoxicity, and almost nullified icaritin's activity in HepG2 cells. Reversely, exogenous over-expression of SphK1 sensitized icaritin-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis. In vivo, oral administration of icaritin dramatically inhibited HepG2 xenograft growth in SCID mice. Further, SphK1 activity in icaritin-treated tumors was largely inhibited. In summary, icaritin exerts potent anti-HCC activity in vitro and in vivo. SphK1 inhibition could be the primary mechanism of its actions in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hua Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Mian-Hua Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mu-Xin Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao-Ying Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shu-Kui Qin
- People's Liberation Army Cancer Center, 81st Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, China
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10
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Vasconcelos JF, Meira CS, Silva DN, Nonaka CKV, Daltro PS, Macambira SG, Domizi PD, Borges VM, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos R, de Freitas Souza BS, Soares MBP. Therapeutic effects of sphingosine kinase inhibitor N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS) in experimental chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6171. [PMID: 28733584 PMCID: PMC5522404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease cardiomyopathy is a parasite-driven inflammatory disease to which there are no effective treatments. Here we evaluated the therapeutic potential of N,N-dimethylsphingosine(DMS), which blocks the production of sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P), a mediator of cellular events during inflammatory responses, in a model of chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy. DMS-treated, Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice had a marked reduction of cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and galectin-3 expression when compared to controls. Serum concentrations of galectin-3, IFNγ and TNFα, as well as cardiac gene expression of inflammatory mediators were reduced after DMS treatment. The gene expression of M1 marker, iNOS, was decreased, while the M2 marker, arginase1, was increased. DMS-treated mice showed an improvement in exercise capacity. Moreover, DMS caused a reduction in parasite load in vivo. DMS inhibited the activation of lymphocytes, and reduced cytokines and NO production in activated macrophage cultures in vitro, while increasing IL-1β production. Analysis by qRT-PCR array showed that DMS treatment modulated inflammasome activation induced by T. cruzi on macrophages. Altogether, our results demonstrate that DMS, through anti-parasitic and immunomodulatory actions, can be beneficial in the treatment of chronic phase of T. cruzi infection and suggest that S1P-activated processes as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of Chagas disease cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Fraga Vasconcelos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, 41253-190, Brazil.,Escola de Ciências da saúde, Universidade Salvador, Salvador, BA, 41720-200, Brazil
| | - Cássio Santana Meira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, 41253-190, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pâmela Santana Daltro
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Simone Garcia Macambira
- Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, 41253-190, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Pablo Daniel Domizi
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-970, Brazil
| | - Valéria Matos Borges
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, BA, 40296-710, Brazil. .,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, 41253-190, Brazil.
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Xu CY, Liu SQ, Qin MB, Zhuge CF, Qin L, Qin N, Lai MY, Huang JA. SphK1 modulates cell migration and EMT-related marker expression by regulating the expression of p-FAK in colorectal cancer cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1277-1284. [PMID: 28405684 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) plays an important role in colorectal carcinoma metastasis. However, whether SphK1 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related marker expression and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, in order to clarify this issue, we used various colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, Caco2, HT29, RKO and HCT116. Each of the cell lines was divided into 3 groups as follows: the control group, SKI-Ⅱ (SphK1 inhibitor) group and PF-562271 [focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor] group. The migratory ability of the cells was examined by Transwell chamber assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of SphK1, FAK (p-FAK), Slug, vimentin, N-cadherin and E-cadherin were detected by PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. The results revealed that the suppression of SphK1 reduced the cell migratory ability, and decreased the expression of Slug, vimentin and N-cadherin; however, the expression of E-cadherin was increased. Moreover, the inhibition of SphK1 reduced the expression of p-FAK. The inhibition of FAK (p-FAK) also decreased the cell migratory ability, and decreased the expression of Slug, vimentin and N-cadherin, whereas the expression of E-cadherin was increased. Thus, our data suggest that SphK1 modulates the expression of EMT-related markers and cell migration by regulating the expression of p-FAK in CRC cells. Thus, SphK1 may play a functional role in mediating the EMT process in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Quan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Bin Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhuge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lin Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Nan Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yu Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jie-An Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Τhe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Comprehensive gene and microRNA expression profiling reveals a role for miRNAs in the oncogenic roles of SphK1 in papillary thyroid cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 143:601-611. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Zhou Y, Han Y, Zhang Z, Shi Z, Zhou L, Liu X, Jia X. MicroRNA-124 upregulation inhibits proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by targeting sphingosine kinase 1. Hum Cell 2016; 30:30-40. [PMID: 27743351 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-016-0148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has confirmed that the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to the proliferation and invasion of human cancers. Previous studies have shown that the dysregulation of miR-124 is in numerous cancers. However, the roles of miR-124 in human osteosarcoma (OS) have not been well clarified. Therefore, this study was to investigate the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-124 in OS cell lines, discussing whether it could be a therapeutic biomarker of OS in the future. In this study, our results demonstrated that miR-124 was down-regulated in OS cell lines and tissues. Furthermore, the low level of miR-124 was associated with increased expression of Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in OS cells and tissues. Up-regulation of miR-124 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and MMP-2 and -9 expressions of OS cells. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the SPHK1 was a potential target of miR-124. Further study by luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-124 could directly target SPHK1. Overexpression of SPHK1 in OS cells transfected with miR-124 mimic partially reversed the inhibitory of miR-124. In conclusion, miR-124 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in OS cells by downregulation of SPHK1, and that downregulation of SPHK1 was essential for the miR-124-inhibited cell invasion and in OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056002, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhen Han
- Department of General Surgery V, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Congtai Road No. 81, Handan, 056002, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhitao Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, Sixth Hospital of Handan, Handan, 056000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Department of General Surgery V, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Congtai Road No. 81, Handan, 056002, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery V, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Congtai Road No. 81, Handan, 056002, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of General Surgery V, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Congtai Road No. 81, Handan, 056002, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- Department of General Surgery V, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Congtai Road No. 81, Handan, 056002, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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Development of hydroxy-based sphingosine kinase inhibitors and anti-inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis in mice. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3218-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ghasemi R, Dargahi L, Ahmadiani A. Integrated sphingosine-1 phosphate signaling in the central nervous system: From physiological equilibrium to pathological damage. Pharmacol Res 2016; 104:156-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lu ZP, Xiao ZL, Yang Z, Li J, Feng GX, Chen FQ, Li YH, Feng JY, Gao YE, Ye LH, Zhang XD. Hepatitis B virus X protein promotes human hepatoma cell growth via upregulation of transcription factor AP2α and sphingosine kinase 1. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:1228-36. [PMID: 26073327 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) is involved in various cellular functions, including cell growth, migration, apoptosis, cytoskeleton architecture and calcium homoeostasis, etc. As an oncogenic kinase, SPHK1 is associated with the development and progression of cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether SPHK1 was involved in hepatocarcinogenesis induced by the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx). METHODS The expression of SPHK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and hepatoma cells were measured using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. HBx expression levels in hepatoma cells were modulated by transiently transfected with HBx or psi-HBx plasmids. The SPHK1 promoter activity was measured using luciferase reporter gene assay, and the interaction of the transcription factor AP2α with the SPHK1 promoter was studied with chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The growth of hepatoma cells was evaluated in vitro using MTT and colony formation assays, and in a tumor xenograft model. RESULTS A positive correlation was found between the mRNA levels of SPHK1 and HBx in 38 clinical HCC samples (r=+0.727, P<0.01). Moreover, the expression of SPHK1 was markedly increased in the liver cancer tissue of HBx-transgenic mice. Overexpressing HBx in normal liver cells LO2 and hepatoma cells HepG2 dose-dependently increased the expression of SPHK1, whereas silencing HBx in HBx-expressing hepatoma cells HepG2-X and HepG2.2.15 suppressed SPHK1 expression. Furthermore, overexpressing HBx in HepG2 cells dose-dependently increased the SPHK1 promoter activity, whereas silencing HBx in HepG2-X cells suppressed this activity. In HepG2-X cells, AP2α was found to directly interact with the SPHK1 promoter, and silencing AP2α suppressed the SPHK1 promoter activity and SPHK1 expression. Silencing HBx in HepG2-X cells abolished the HBx-enhanced proliferation and colony formation in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION HBx upregulates SPHK1 through the transcription factor AP2α, which promotes the growth of human hepatoma cells.
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