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Xiao-Qun Z, Xian-Li M, Ariffin NS. The potential of carbonic anhydrase enzymes as a novel target for anti-cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 976:176677. [PMID: 38825301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc-dependent metal enzyme that maintains the pH and carbon dioxide (CO2) homeostasis in cells by catalyzing the reversible hydration and dehydration of CO2 and bicarbonate (HCO3-). In mammals, there are 16 isozymes of CA existed, namely CAI to CAXIV, but only 15 isozymes are found in humans except CAXV. Human CAs have highly conserved catalytic domains, all of which are distributed in different tissues and play important physiological roles. Changes in their functions may disrupt the typical distribution of CAs throughout human body and therefore CAs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for many diseases. Furthermore, the expression of CAs is correlated to the progression of numerous tumors, therapeutic sensitivity and patient prognosis. In this review, we discuss thoroughly the structure of CAs, their functional activities in human physiology, dysregulations and diseases related to CAs, and different types of CA inhibitors that can reverse their dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xiao-Qun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Guilin Medical University, GuiLin, China
| | | | - Nur Syamimi Ariffin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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2
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Vellan CJ, Islam T, De Silva S, Mohd Taib NA, Prasanna G, Jayapalan JJ. Exploring novel protein-based biomarkers for advancing breast cancer diagnosis: A review. Clin Biochem 2024; 129:110776. [PMID: 38823558 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
This review provides a contemporary examination of the evolving landscape of breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, focusing on the pivotal role of novel protein-based biomarkers. The overview begins by elucidating the multifaceted nature of BC, exploring its prevalence, subtypes, and clinical complexities. A critical emphasis is placed on the transformative impact of proteomics, dissecting the proteome to unravel the molecular intricacies of BC. Navigating through various sources of samples crucial for biomarker investigations, the review underscores the significance of robust sample processing methods and their validation in ensuring reliable outcomes. The central theme of the review revolves around the identification and evaluation of novel protein-based biomarkers. Cutting-edge discoveries are summarised, shedding light on emerging biomarkers poised for clinical application. Nevertheless, the review candidly addresses the challenges inherent in biomarker discovery, including issues of standardisation, reproducibility, and the complex heterogeneity of BC. The future direction section envisions innovative strategies and technologies to overcome existing challenges. In conclusion, the review summarises the current state of BC biomarker research, offering insights into the intricacies of proteomic investigations. As precision medicine gains momentum, the integration of novel protein-based biomarkers emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing the accuracy and efficacy of BC diagnosis. This review serves as a compass for researchers and clinicians navigating the evolving landscape of BC biomarker discovery, guiding them toward transformative advancements in diagnostic precision and personalised patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Jane Vellan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tania Islam
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sumadee De Silva
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Galhena Prasanna
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Universiti Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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3
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Tsai KW, Yang YF, Wang LJ, Pan CC, Chang CH, Chiang YC, Wang TY, Lu RB, Lee SY. Correlation of potential diagnostic biomarkers (circulating miRNA and protein) of bipolar II disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 172:254-260. [PMID: 38412788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously identified certain peripheral biomarkers of bipolar II disorder (BD-II) including circulating miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-221-5p, and miR-370-3p) and proteins (Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit beta (FARSB), peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2), carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA-1), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)). We try to explore the connection between these biomarkers. METHODS We explored correlations between the peripheral levels of above circulating miRNAs and proteins in our previously collected BD-II (N = 96) patients and control (N = 115) groups. We further searched TargetScan and BioGrid websites to identify direct and indirect interactions between these protein-coding genes and circulating miRNAs. RESULTS In the BD-II group, we identified significant correlations between the miR-221-5p and CA-1 (rho = -0.323, P = 0.001), FARSB (rho = 0.251, P = 0.014), MMP-9 (rho = 0.313, P = 0.002) and PCSK9 (rho = 0.252, P = 0.014). The miR-370-3p also significantly correlated with FARSB expression (rho = 0.330, P = 0.001) and PCSK9 expression (rho = 0.221, P = 0.031) in the BD-II group. Our findings were in line with the modulating axis identified from TargetScan and BioGrid, miR-221-5p/CA-1/MMP9 and miR-370-3p/FARSB/PCSK9, suggesting their association with BD-II. CONCLUSION Our result supported that peripheral candidate miRNA and protein biomarkers may interact in BD-II. We concluded that miR-221-5p/CA-1/MMP9 and miR-370-3p/FARSB/PCSK9 axes might act a critical role in the pathomechanism of BD-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuan Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ho Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chih Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Yanjiao Furen Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Kowalik M, Masternak J, Olszewski M, Maciejewska N, Kazimierczuk K, Sitkowski J, Dąbrowska AM, Chylewska A, Makowski M. Anticancer Study on Ir III and Rh III Half-Sandwich Complexes with the Bipyridylsulfonamide Ligand. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1296-1316. [PMID: 38174357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Organometallic half-sandwich complexes [(η5-Cp)IrCl(L)]PF6 (1) and [(η5-Cp)RhCl(L)]PF6 (2) were prepared using pentamethylcyclopentadienyl chloride dimers of iridium(III) or rhodium(III) with the 4-amino-N-(2,2'-bipyridin-5-yl)benzenesulfonamide ligand (L) and ammonium hexafluorophosphate. The crystal structures of L, 1, and 2 were analyzed in detail. The coordination reactions of the ligand with the central ions were confirmed using various spectroscopic techniques. Additionally, the interactions between sulfaligand, Ir(III), and Rh(III) complexes with carbonic anhydrase (CA), human serum albumin (HSA), and CT-DNA were investigated. The iridium(III) complex (1) did not show any antiproliferative properties against four different cancer cell lines, i.e., nonsmall cell lung cancer A549, colon cancer HCT-116, breast cancer MCF7, lymphoblastic leukemia Nalm-6, and a nonmalignant human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293, due to high binding affinity to GSH. The sulfonamide ligand (L) and rhodium(III) complex (2) were further studied. L showed competitive inhibition toward CA, while complexes 1 and 2, uncompetitive. All compounds interacted with HSA, causing a conformational change in the protein's α-helical structure, suggesting the induction of a more open conformation in HSA, reducing its biological activity. Both L and 2 were found to induce cell death through a caspase-dependent pathway. These findings position L and 2 as potential starting compounds for pharmaceutical, therapeutic, or medicinal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kowalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Masternak
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Maciejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kazimierczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sitkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academic of Science, Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
- National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Chylewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Makowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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Hu H, Cai J, Qi D, Li B, Yu L, Wang C, Bajpai AK, Huang X, Zhang X, Lu L, Liu J, Zheng F. Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Group I Pulmonary Hypertension Based on Machine Learning and Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098050. [PMID: 37175757 PMCID: PMC10178909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of processes and pathways have been reported in the development of Group I pulmonary hypertension (Group I PAH); however, novel biomarkers need to be identified for a better diagnosis and management. We employed a robust rank aggregation (RRA) algorithm to shortlist the key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Group I PAH patients and controls. An optimal diagnostic model was obtained by comparing seven machine learning algorithms and was verified in an independent dataset. The functional roles of key DEGs and biomarkers were analyzed using various in silico methods. Finally, the biomarkers and a set of key candidates were experimentally validated using patient samples and a cell line model. A total of 48 key DEGs with preferable diagnostic value were identified. A gradient boosting decision tree algorithm was utilized to build a diagnostic model with three biomarkers, PBRM1, CA1, and TXLNG. An immune-cell infiltration analysis revealed significant differences in the relative abundances of seven immune cells between controls and PAH patients and a correlation with the biomarkers. Experimental validation confirmed the upregulation of the three biomarkers in Group I PAH patients. In conclusion, machine learning and a bioinformatics analysis along with experimental techniques identified PBRM1, CA1, and TXLNG as potential biomarkers for Group I PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Cardial Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Daoxi Qi
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Boyu Li
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Yu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Akhilesh K Bajpai
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jinping Liu
- Department of Cardial Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Ciereszko A, Dietrich MA, Słowińska M, Nynca J, Ciborowski M, Kaczmarek MM, Myszczyński K, Kiśluk J, Majewska A, Michalska-Falkowska A, Kodzik N, Reszeć J, Sierko E, Nikliński J. Application of two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis to identify protein changes between center, margin, and adjacent non-tumor tissues obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma subtype. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268073. [PMID: 35512017 PMCID: PMC9071164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is responsible for the most cancer-related mortality worldwide and the mechanism of its development is poorly understood. Proteomics has become a powerful tool offering vital knowledge related to cancer development. Using a two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) approach, we sought to compare tissue samples from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients taken from the tumor center and tumor margin. Two subtypes of NSCLC, adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were compared. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032736 and PXD032962 for ADC and SCC, respectively. For ADC proteins, 26 significant canonical pathways were identified, including Rho signaling pathways, a semaphorin neuronal repulsive signaling pathway, and epithelial adherens junction signaling. For SCC proteins, nine significant canonical pathways were identified, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling, thyroid hormone biosynthesis, and phagosome maturation. Proteins differentiating the tumor center and tumor margin were linked to cancer invasion and progression, including cell migration, adhesion and invasion, cytoskeletal structure, protein folding, anaerobic metabolism, tumor angiogenesis, EMC transition, epithelial adherens junctions, and inflammatory responses. In conclusion, we identified several proteins that are important for the better characterization of tumor development and molecular specificity of both lung cancer subtypes. We also identified proteins that may be important as biomarkers and/or targets for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariola A. Dietrich
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariola Słowińska
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Nynca
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Ciborowski
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika M. Kaczmarek
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Myszczyński
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Kiśluk
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Majewska
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Kodzik
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Sierko
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Nikliński
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Pedersen S, Jensen KP, Honoré B, Kristensen SR, Pedersen CH, Szejniuk WM, Maltesen RG, Falkmer U. Circulating microvesicles and exosomes in small cell lung cancer by quantitative proteomics. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:2. [PMID: 34996345 PMCID: PMC8903681 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-021-09339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) crucially demands highly reliable markers. Growing evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles carry tumor cell-specific cargo suitable as protein markers in cancer. Quantitative proteomic profiling of circulating microvesicles and exosomes can be a high-throughput platform for discovery of novel molecular insights and putative markers. Hence, this study aimed to investigate proteome dynamics of plasma-derived microvesicles and exosomes in newly diagnosed SCLC patients to improve early detection. METHODS Plasma-derived microvesicles and exosomes from 24 healthy controls and 24 SCLC patients were isolated from plasma by either high-speed- or ultracentrifugation. Proteins derived from these extracellular vesicles were quantified using label-free mass spectrometry and statistical analysis was carried out aiming at identifying significantly altered protein expressions between SCLC patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, significantly expressed proteins were subjected to functional enrichment analysis to identify biological pathways implicated in SCLC pathogenesis. RESULTS Based on fold change (FC) ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5 and AUC ≥ 0.70 (p < 0.05), we identified 10 common and 16 and 17 unique proteins for microvesicles and exosomes, respectively. Among these proteins, we found dysregulation of coagulation factor XIII A (Log2 FC = - 1.1, p = 0.0003, AUC = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.96) and complement factor H-related protein 4 (Log2 FC = 1.2, p = 0.0005, AUC = 0.82, 95% CI; 0.67-0.97) in SCLC patients compared to healthy individuals. Our data may indicate a novel tumor-suppressing role of blood coagulation and involvement of complement activation in SCLC pathogenesis. CONCLUSIONS In comparing SCLC patients and healthy individuals, several differentially expressed proteins were identified. This is the first study showing that circulating extracellular vesicles may encompass specific proteins with potential diagnostic attributes for SCLC, thereby opening new opportunities as novel non-invasive markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona Pedersen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Katrine Papendick Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Risom Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Weronika Maria Szejniuk
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Raluca Georgiana Maltesen
- Translational Radiation Biology and Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Westmead, 2145, Australia
| | - Ursula Falkmer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Lee SY, Wang TY, Lu RB, Wang LJ, Li SC, Tu CY, Chang CH, Chiang YC, Tsai KW. Identification of potential plasma protein biomarkers for bipolar II disorder: a preliminary/exploratory study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9452. [PMID: 33947873 PMCID: PMC8097016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic peripheral biomarkers are still lacking for the bipolar II disorder (BD-II). We used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification technology to identify five upregulated candidate proteins [matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit beta (FARSB), peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2), carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA-1), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)] for the diagnosis of BD-II. We analysed the differences in the plasma levels of these candidate proteins between BD-II patients and controls (BD-II, n = 185; Controls, n = 186) using ELISA. To establish a diagnostic model for the prediction of BD-II, the participants were divided randomly into a training group (BD-II, n = 149; Controls, n = 150) and a testing group (BD-II, n = 36; Controls, n = 36). Significant increases were found in all five protein levels between BD-II and controls in the training group. Logistic regression was analysed to form the composite probability score of the five proteins in the training group. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the diagnostic validity of the probability score [area under curve (AUC) = 0.89, P < 0.001]. The composite probability score of the testing group also showed good diagnostic validity (AUC = 0.86, P < 0.001). We propose that plasma levels of PRDX2, CA-1, FARSB, MMP9, and PCSK9 may be associated with BD-II as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Yanjiao Furen Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying Tu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ho Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chih Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, 23142, Taiwan.
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Jing J, Du Z, Qin W. Proteome Analysis of Urinary Biomarkers in Acute Hypercoagulable State Rat Model. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:634606. [PMID: 33996895 PMCID: PMC8119894 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.634606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombotic diseases are usually preceded by a hypercoagulable state in the body. This study aimed to screen potential urinary biomarkers for hypercoagulable state based on proteome analysis. Wistar rats were administered with the hemostatic agent etamsylate to establish hypercoagulable state. Urine samples were collected for proteome analysis. We found 20 proteins with levels more than 1.5-fold in difference between control rats and model rats. We searched human homologs of 20 rat proteins and identified 13 human proteins. Of the 13 human homologous proteins, nine were members of human core urinary proteome. Human homologous proteins of differential proteins were highly expressed in 31 human tissues, especially in the kidneys followed by digestive system and reproductive system. Surprisingly, we did not identify known coagulation factors as differential proteins in the urine of model rats. Hypercoagulable state of the body may not involve direct changes in coagulation factors but causes the changes upstream of the coagulation cascade system. Common differential urinary proteins between different hypercoagulable states suggest some common pathways in the formation of hypercoagulable states and may serve as potential biomarkers for the prevention and treatment of thrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jing
- Beijing Key Lab of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhuan Du
- Beijing Key Lab of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Qin
- Beijing Key Lab of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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10
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Zhu D, Li X, Gong H, Li J, Lu X, Xia H, Chen X, Ma L, Sun Z, Zhang X, Wang D. Effect and Mechanism of Transthyretin over-Expression on Proliferation and Cell Cycle of Lung Cancer A549 Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:710-720. [PMID: 34183920 PMCID: PMC8219626 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i4.5995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The effects of transthyretin (TTR) over-expression on the proliferation and cell cycle of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells and its possible mechanism were verified. Methods A total of 196 LC patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled at Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China between Apr 2017 and Oct 2017. The serum TTR content was detected by ELISA. Through lentiviral transfection method, NSCLC cells were divided into non-transfected group (group A), negative control group (group B) transfected with empty vector and experimental group (group C) transfected with TTR over-expression. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, TTR mRNA expression was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and TTR protein expression was tested by Western blot (WB). Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, Wnt3a/β-catenin protein expression was detected by WB, and mRNA expression was detected by RT-qPCR. Results The serum TTR content in early, middle and late LC group was remarkably lower than that in healthy group (P<0.05). Compared with late stage, TTR content in early and middle stages of LC group was higher, and the difference was statistically marked (P < 0.05). The absorbance value of group C was lower than that of groups A and B, indicating that the cell proliferation activity dramatically decreased, with statistically marked difference (P<0.05). LC A549 cells in group C were obviously blocked in G2M, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion TTR over-expression can inhibit the proliferation of NSCLC A549 cells, and the expression is related to Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. TTR in serum of patients was helpful for diagnosing LC and has certain clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqing Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Institute of Clinical Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Jing Li
- Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Xike Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, China
| | - Honggang Xia
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhongyi Sun
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, China
| | - Dongbin Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
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11
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Gasparri R, Sedda G, Noberini R, Bonaldi T, Spaggiari L. Clinical Application of Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics in Lung Cancer Early Diagnosis. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900138. [PMID: 32418314 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current knowledge on proteomic biomarker analysis for the early diagnosis of lung cancer is summarized, underlining the diversity among the results and the current interest in translating research results into clinical practice. A MEDLINE/PubMed literature search to retrieve all the papers published in the last 10 years is performed. Proteomics studies on lung cancer have gathered evidence on the potential role of biomarkers in early diagnosis. Although promising, none of them have proved to be sufficiently reliable to achieve validation. Future research should evolve toward a multipanel analysis of proteins, considering the possibility that individual biomarkers might not be specific enough to diagnose lung cancer, but could be related to oncological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gasparri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Giulia Sedda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Roberta Noberini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono, Milan, 7 - 20122, Italy
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12
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Lee SH, Griffiths JR. How and Why Are Cancers Acidic? Carbonic Anhydrase IX and the Homeostatic Control of Tumour Extracellular pH. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061616. [PMID: 32570870 PMCID: PMC7352839 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The acidic tumour microenvironment is now recognized as a tumour phenotype that drives cancer somatic evolution and disease progression, causing cancer cells to become more invasive and to metastasise. This property of solid tumours reflects a complex interplay between cellular carbon metabolism and acid removal that is mediated by cell membrane carbonic anhydrases and various transport proteins, interstitial fluid buffering, and abnormal tumour-associated vessels. In the past two decades, a convergence of advances in the experimental and mathematical modelling of human cancers, as well as non-invasive pH-imaging techniques, has yielded new insights into the physiological mechanisms that govern tumour extracellular pH (pHe). In this review, we examine the mechanisms by which solid tumours maintain a low pHe, with a focus on carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a cancer-associated cell surface enzyme. We also review the accumulating evidence that suggest a role for CAIX as a biological pH-stat by which solid tumours stabilize their pHe. Finally, we highlight the prospects for the clinical translation of CAIX-targeted therapies in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Han Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Jalan Langgar, Alor Setar 05460, Kedah, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - John R. Griffiths
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK;
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13
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Zhang F, Li X, Ni Y, Shan G, Gao Y. Preliminary study of the urinary proteome in Li and Han ethnic individuals from Hainan. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:125-137. [PMID: 31102176 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers indicate changes associated with disease. Blood is relatively stable due to the homeostatic mechanisms of the body; however, urine accumulates metabolites from changes in the body, making it a better source for early biomarker discovery. The Li ethnic group is a unique minority ethnic group that has only lived on Hainan Island for approximately 5,000 years. Studies have shown that various specific genetic variations are different between the Li and Han ethnic groups. However, whether the urinary proteome between these two ethnic groups is significantly different remains unknown. In this study, differential urinary proteins were identified in the Li and Han ethnic groups using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In total, 1,555 urinary proteins were identified. Twenty-five of the urinary proteins were statistically significantly different, 16 of which have been previously reported to be biomarkers of many diseases, and that these significantly different proteins were caused by ethnic differences rather than random differences. Ethnic group differences may be an influencing factor in urine proteome studies and should be considered when human urine samples are used for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanshuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xundou Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yanying Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Youhe Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100875, China.
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14
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Becker HM. Carbonic anhydrase IX and acid transport in cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:157-167. [PMID: 31819195 PMCID: PMC7051959 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in tumour metabolism and acid/base regulation result in the formation of a hostile environment, which fosters tumour growth and metastasis. Acid/base homoeostasis in cancer cells is governed by the concerted interplay between carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and various transport proteins, which either mediate proton extrusion or the shuttling of acid/base equivalents, such as bicarbonate and lactate, across the cell membrane. Accumulating evidence suggests that some of these transporters interact both directly and functionally with CAIX to form a protein complex coined the 'transport metabolon'. Transport metabolons formed between bicarbonate transporters and CAIX require CA catalytic activity and have a function in cancer cell migration and invasion. Another type of transport metabolon is formed by CAIX and monocarboxylate transporters. In this complex, CAIX functions as a proton antenna for the transporter, which drives the export of lactate and protons from the cell. Since CAIX is almost exclusively expressed in cancer cells, these transport metabolons might serve as promising targets to interfere with tumour pH regulation and energy metabolism. This review provides an overview of the current state of research on the function of CAIX in tumour acid/base transport and discusses how CAIX transport metabolons could be exploited in modern cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger M Becker
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559, Hannover, Germany.
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15
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Sarhan OM, Jain A, Mutwally HMA, Osman GH, Yun Jung S, Issa T, Elmogy M. Impact Effect of Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether "Twelve Months Vapor Inhalation Study in Rats". BIOLOGY 2019; 9:biology9010002. [PMID: 31861902 PMCID: PMC7168921 DOI: 10.3390/biology9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the early risk of developing cancer by inhalation of low doses (60 µL/day) of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) vapors using protein SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS analysis of rat sera. Furthermore, histological alterations were assessed in the trachea and lungs of 60 adult male Wistar rats. SDS-PAGE of blood sera showed three protein bands corresponding to 29, 28, and 21 kDa. Mass spectroscopy was used to identify these three bands. The upper and middle protein bands showed homology to carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA II), whereas the lower protein band showed homology with peroxiredoxin 2. We found that exposure to MTBE resulted in histopathological alterations in the trachea and the lungs. The histological anomalies of trachea and lung showed that the lumen of trachea, bronchi, and air alveoli packed with free and necrotic epithelial cells (epithelialization). The tracheal lamina propria of lung demonstrated aggregation of lymphoid cells, lymphoid hyperplasia, hemorrhage, adenomas, fibroid degeneration, steatosis, foam cells, severe inflammatory cells with monocytic infiltration, edema, hemorrhage. Occluded, congested, and hypertrophied lung arteries in addition, degenerated thyroid follicles, were observed. The hyaline cartilage displayed degeneration, deformation, and abnormal protrusion. In conclusion, our results suggest that inhalation of very low concentrations of the gasoline additive MTBE could induce an increase in protein levels and resulted in histopathological alterations of the trachea and the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Sarhan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 673, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.S.); (H.M.A.M.)
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Antrix Jain
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Hamed M. A. Mutwally
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 673, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.S.); (H.M.A.M.)
| | - Gamal H. Osman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 673, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.S.); (H.M.A.M.)
- Microbial Genetics Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Giza, Cairo 12619, Egypt
- Research Laboratories Center, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Tawfik Issa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Mohamed Elmogy
- Entomology Department, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
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16
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Xu J, Zhang J, Shan F, Wen J, Wang Y. SSTR5‑AS1 functions as a ceRNA to regulate CA2 by sponging miR‑15b‑5p for the development and prognosis of HBV‑related hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:5021-5031. [PMID: 31638225 PMCID: PMC6854603 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the development and progression of cancer. However, the mechanisms of lncRNAs in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. The study aimed to reveal the roles of lncRNAs for HBV-HCC based on the hypothesis of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). The lncRNA (GSE27462), miRNA (GSE76903) and mRNA (GSE121248) expression profiles were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs) were identified using the LIMMA or EdgeR package, respectively. The ceRNA network was constructed based on interaction pairs between miRNAs and mRNAs/lncRNAs. The functions of DEGs in the ceRNA network were predicted using the DAVID database, which was overlapped with the known HCC pathways of Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to construct the HCC-related ceRNA network. The prognosis values [overall survival, (OS); recurrence-free survival (RFS)] of genes were validated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data with Cox regression analysis. The present study screened 38 DELs, 127 DEMs and 721 DEGs. A ceRNA network was constructed among 17 DELs, 12 DEMs and 173 DEGs, including the FAM138B-hsa-miR-30c-CCNE2/RRM2 and SSTR5-AS1-hsa-miR-15b-5p-CA2 ceRNA axes. Function enrichment analysis revealed the genes in the ceRNA network that participated in the p53 signaling pathway [cyclin E2 (CCNE2), ribonucleotide reductase M2 subunit (RRM2)] and nitrogen metabolism [carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2)], which were also included in the pathways of the CTD. Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that six RNAs (2 DELs: FAM138B, SSTR5-AS1; 2 DEMs: hsa-miR-149, hsa-miR-7; 2 DEGs: CCNE2, RRM2) were significantly associated with OS; while seven RNAs (1 DEL: LINC00284; 3 DEMs: hsa-miR-7, hsa-miR-15b, hsa-miR-30c-2; and 3 DEGs: RRM2, CCNE2, CA2) were significantly associated with RFS. In conclusion, FAM138B-hsa-miR-30c-CCNE2/RRM2 and the SSTR5-AS1-hsa-miR-15b-5p-CA2 ceRNA axes may be important mechanisms for HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Infectious Diseases Division, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Fenglian Shan
- Infectious Diseases Division, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wen
- Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Infectious Diseases Division, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
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17
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El-Kardocy A, Mustafa M, Ahmed ER, Mohamady S, Mostafa YA. Aryl azide-sulfonamide hybrids induce cellular apoptosis: synthesis and preliminary screening of their cytotoxicity in human HCT116 and A549 cancer cell lines. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The physiologic importance of fast CO2/HCO3- interconversion in various tissues requires the presence of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Fourteen CA isozymes are present in humans, all of them being used as biomarkers. AREAS COVERED A great number of patents and articles were focused on the use of CA isozymes as biomarkers for various diseases and syndromes in the recent years, in an ascending trend over the last decade. The review highlights the most important studies related with each isozyme and covers the most recent patent literature. EXPERT OPINION The CAs biomarker research area expanded significantly in recent years, shifting from the predominant use of CA IX and CA XII in cancer diagnostic, staging, and prognosis towards a wider use of CA isozymes as disease biomarkers. CA isozymes are currently used either alone, in tandem with other CA isozymes and/or in combination with other proteins for the detection, staging, and prognosis of a huge repertoire of human dysfunctions and diseases, ranging from mild transformation of the normal tissues to extreme shifts in tissue organization and function. The techniques used for their detection/quantitation and the state-of-the-art in each clinical application are presented through relevant clinical examples and corresponding statistical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Zamanova
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Ahmed M Shabana
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Utpal K Mondal
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Marc A Ilies
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Temple Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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19
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Bánová Vulić R, Zdurienčíková M, Tyčiaková S, Benada O, Dubrovčáková M, Lakota J, Škultéty Ľ. Silencing of carbonic anhydrase I enhances the malignant potential of exosomes secreted by prostatic tumour cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3641-3655. [PMID: 30916466 PMCID: PMC6484292 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report results showing that the silencing of carbonic anhydrase I (siCA1) in prostatic (PC3) tumour cells has a significant impact on exosome formation. An increased diameter, concentration and diversity of the produced exosomes were noticed as a consequence of this knock‐down. The protein composition of the exosomes' cargo was also altered. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses identified 42 proteins significantly altered in PC3 siCA1 exosomes compared with controls. The affected proteins are mainly involved in metabolic processes, biogenesis, cell component organization and defense/immunity. Interestingly, almost all of them have been described as ‘enhancers' of tumour development through the promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Thus, our results indicate that the reduced expression of the CA1 protein enhances the malignant potential of PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oldřich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ján Lakota
- Biomedical Research Center SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Center of Experimental Medicine SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľudovít Škultéty
- Biomedical Research Center SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
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20
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Dickinson A, Saraswat M, Mäkitie A, Silén R, Hagström J, Haglund C, Joenväärä S, Silén S. Label-free tissue proteomics can classify oral squamous cell carcinoma from healthy tissue in a stage-specific manner. Oral Oncol 2018; 86:206-215. [PMID: 30409303 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES No prognostic or predictive biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exist. We aimed to discover novel proteins, altered in OSCC, to be further investigated as potential biomarkers, and to improve understanding about pathways involved in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proteomic signatures of seven paired healthy and OSCC tissue samples were identified using ultra-definition quantitative mass spectrometry, then analysed and compared using Anova, principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering and OPLS-DA modelling. A selection of significant proteins that were also altered in the serum from a previous study (PMID: 28632724) were validated immunohistochemically on an independent cohort (n = 66) to confirm immunopositivity and location within tumour tissue. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis was employed to identify altered pathways. RESULTS Of 829 proteins quantified, 257 were significant and 72 were able to classify healthy vs OSCC using OPLS-DA modelling. We identified 19 proteins not previously known to be upregulated in OSCC, including prosaposin and alpha-taxilin. KIAA1217 and NDRG1 were upregulated in stage IVa compared with stage I tumours. Altered pathways included calcium signalling, cellular movement, haematological system development and function, and immune cell trafficking, and involved NF-kB and MAPK networks. CONCLUSIONS We found a set of proteins reliably separating OSCC tumour from healthy tissue, and multiple proteins differing between stage I and stage IVa OSCC. These potential biomarkers can be studied and validated in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Dickinson
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, PO Box 21, 00014, Finland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mayank Saraswat
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, PO Box 21, 00014, Finland; HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland.
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Robert Silén
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, PO Box 21, 00014, Finland.
| | - Jaana Hagström
- HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sakari Joenväärä
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, PO Box 21, 00014, Finland; HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00290, Finland.
| | - Suvi Silén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Mboge MY, Mahon BP, McKenna R, Frost SC. Carbonic Anhydrases: Role in pH Control and Cancer. Metabolites 2018; 8:E19. [PMID: 29495652 PMCID: PMC5876008 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pH of the tumor microenvironment drives the metastatic phenotype and chemotherapeutic resistance of tumors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this pH-dependent phenomenon will lead to improved drug delivery and allow the identification of new therapeutic targets. This includes an understanding of the role pH plays in primary tumor cells, and the regulatory factors that permit cancer cells to thrive. Over the last decade, carbonic anhydrases (CAs) have been shown to be important mediators of tumor cell pH by modulating the bicarbonate and proton concentrations for cell survival and proliferation. This has prompted an effort to inhibit specific CA isoforms, as an anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. Of the 12 active CA isoforms, two, CA IX and XII, have been considered anti-cancer targets. However, other CA isoforms also show similar activity and tissue distribution in cancers and have not been considered as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In this review, we consider all the CA isoforms and their possible role in tumors and their potential as targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mam Y Mboge
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Brian P Mahon
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Robert McKenna
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Susan C Frost
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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22
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Chen J, Hu L, Zhang F, Wang J, Chen J, Wang Y. Downregulation of carbonic anhydrase IV contributes to promotion of cell proliferation and is associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5046-5050. [PMID: 29085519 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to unveil the biological role of carbonic anhydrase IV (CA IV) and its association with clinical pathological characteristics and prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The relative expression level of CA IV was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 114 resected NSCLC tumors and matched adjacent normal tissues and NSCLC cell lines. Overexpression and cell proliferation were assessed in human NSCLC cell lines transfected with CA IV mRNA by lentivirus-mediated technology. The association of CA IV expression with clinical pathological features and overall survival in 114 cases of NSCLC patients was analyzed. It was demonstrated that CA IV expression was significantly downregulated in NSCLC tumors and six cell lines. Reduced expression of CA IV was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis. The overall survival of NSCLC patients with low CA IV expression was significantly shorter compared with the high expression group. Overexpression of CA IV suppressed cell proliferation in A549 and NCI-H1299 cells. The results indicate that low expression of CA IV promotes cell proliferation and serves as an indicator for poor prognosis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Junjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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23
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Bezerra Júnior RQ, Eloy ÂMX, Furtado JR, Pinheiro RR, Andrioli A, Moreno FB, Pinto Lobo MD, Monteiro-Moreira ACO, de Azevedo Moreira R, Farias Pinto TM, da Silva Teixeira MF. A panel of protein candidates for comprehensive study of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) infection. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 50:43-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Expression of Carbonic Anhydrase I in Motor Neurons and Alterations in ALS. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111820. [PMID: 27809276 PMCID: PMC5133821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase I (CA1) is the cytosolic isoform of mammalian α-CA family members which are responsible for maintaining pH homeostasis in the physiology and pathology of organisms. A subset of CA isoforms are known to be expressed and function in the central nervous system (CNS). CA1 has not been extensively characterized in the CNS. In this study, we demonstrate that CA1 is expressed in the motor neurons in human spinal cord. Unexpectedly, a subpopulation of CA1 appears to be associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes. In addition, the membrane-associated CA1s are preferentially upregulated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and exhibit altered distribution in motor neurons. Furthermore, long-term expression of CA1 in mammalian cells activates apoptosis. Our results suggest a previously unknown role for CA1 function in the CNS and its potential involvement in motor neuron degeneration in ALS.
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25
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Luo J, Song J, Feng P, Wang Y, Long W, Liu M, Li L. Elevated serum apolipoprotein E is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10715-21. [PMID: 26873483 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a factor involved in Alzheimer's disease, which recently attracted great attention as an important protein related to tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, serum ApoE levels and its diagnosis and prognosis value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are still unknown. In 196 NSCLC patients and 203 healthy controls, serum ApoE was measured by turbidimetric immunoassay. The associations of serum ApoE levels with the clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients were analyzed. Serum ApoE levels were obviously elevated in NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls (41.6 ± 11.63 vs. 33.8 ± 6.24 mg/L) and were associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis status, and distant metastasis status (all P < 0.0001). For NSCLC diagnosis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.71 at a specificity of 0.90 and sensitivity of 0.47. For lymph node metastasis predicting, the area under the ROC curve was 0.68 at a specificity of 0.56 and sensitivity of 0.73. From ROC/area under curve (AUC) analysis, we used 41.25 mg/L as the serum ApoE cut-off value, to divide NSCLC patients into two groups, the median survival was 11.0 weeks (95 % CI = 8.7 to 13.3) for patients in high serum ApoE group and 20.0 weeks (95 % CI = 15.0 to 25.0) in low serum ApoE group. Serum ApoE levels elevated in NSCLC patients, which also associated with TNM stages, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis, suggest that serum ApoE may act as a useful clinical serological biomarkers for evaluating the progress of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinning Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Laisheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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