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Shamsul Kamal AA, Fakiruddin KS, Bobbo KA, Ling KH, Vidyadaran S, Abdullah S. Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Treatment for Cancers: Opportunities, Clinical Applications and Challenges. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:56-82. [PMID: 39416732 PMCID: PMC11477465 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.5.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The insufficient and unspecific target of classical chemotherapies often leads to therapy resistance and cancer recurrence. Over the past decades, discoveries about mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) biology have provided new potential approaches to improve cancer therapy. Researchers have utilised the multipotent, regenerative and immunosuppressive qualities of MSCs and tropisms towards inflammatory, hypoxic and malignant sites in various therapeutic applications. Although MSC-based therapies have generally been demonstrated safe, their effectiveness remains limited when these cells are used alone. However, through genetic engineering, researchers have proven that MSCs can be modified to have specialised delivery roles to increase their therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. They can be made to overexpress therapeutic proteins through viral or non-viral genetic modification, which enhances their innate properties. Nevertheless, these engineering strategies must be optimised to increase therapeutic efficacy and targeting effectiveness while minimising any loss of MSC function. This review underscores the cutting-edge methods for engineering MSCs, discusses their promise and the difficulties in translating them into clinical settings, and offers some prospective suggestions for the future on achieving their full therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Amirah Shamsul Kamal
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Shaik Fakiruddin
- Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khadijat Abubakar Bobbo
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - King Hwa Ling
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharmili Vidyadaran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syahril Abdullah
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Malaysia Genome and Vaccine Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Hashemi M, Aparviz R, Beickzade M, Paskeh MDA, Kheirabad SK, Koohpar ZK, Moravej A, Dehghani H, Saebfar H, Zandieh MA, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Samarghandian S. Advances in RNAi therapies for gastric cancer: Targeting drug resistance and nanoscale delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115927. [PMID: 38006616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer poses a significant health challenge, and exploring innovative therapeutic strategies is imperative. RNA interference (RNAi) has employed as an important therapeutic strategy for diseases by selectively targeting key pathways involved in diseases pathogenesis. Small interfering RNA (siRNA), a potent RNAi tool, possesses the capability to silence genes and downregulate their expression. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the potential applications of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA), supplemented by an in-depth analysis of nanoscale delivery systems, in the context of gastric cancer treatment. The potential of siRNA to markedly diminish the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through the modulation of critical molecular pathways, including PI3K, Akt, and EMT, is highlighted. Besides, siRNA demonstrates its efficacy in inducing chemosensitivity in gastric tumor cells, thus impeding tumor progression. However, the translational potential of unmodified siRNA faces challenges, particularly in vivo and during clinical trials. To address this, we underscore the pivotal role of nanostructures in facilitating the delivery of siRNA to gastric cancer cells, effectively suppressing their progression and enhancing gene silencing efficiency. These siRNA-loaded nanoparticles exhibit robust internalization into gastric cancer cells, showcasing their potential to significantly reduce tumor progression. The translation of these findings into clinical trials holds promise for advancing the treatment of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvaneh Aparviz
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzie Beickzade
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Khorsand Kheirabad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Amir Moravej
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Dehghani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- European University Association, League of European Research Universities, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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3
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Fernandes Q, Therachiyil L, Khan AQ, Bedhiafi T, Korashy HM, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Shrinking the battlefield in cancer therapy: Nanotechnology against cancer stem cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 191:106586. [PMID: 37729956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, presenting a significant healthcare challenge owing to the limited efficacy of current treatments. The application of nanotechnology in cancer treatment leverages the unique optical, magnetic, and electrical attributes of nanomaterials to engineer innovative, targeted therapies. Specifically, manipulating nanomaterials allows for enhanced drug loading efficiency, improved bioavailability, and targeted delivery systems, reducing the non-specific cytotoxic effects characteristic of conventional chemotherapies. Furthermore, recent advances in nanotechnology have demonstrated encouraging results in specifically targeting CSCs, a key development considering the role of these cells in disease recurrence and resistance to treatment. Despite these breakthroughs, the clinical approval rates of nano-drugs have not kept pace with research advances, pointing to existing obstacles that must be addressed. In conclusion, nanotechnology presents a novel, powerful tool in the fight against cancer, particularly in targeting the elusive and treatment-resistant CSCs. This comprehensive review delves into the intricacies of nanotherapy, explicitly targeting cancer stem cells, their markers, and associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queenie Fernandes
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Hamad Medical Corporation, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, PO. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Translational Research Institute, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Translational Research Institute, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Dermatology Institute, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 22602, India.
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Davodabadi F, Sajjadi SF, Sarhadi M, Mirghasemi S, Nadali Hezaveh M, Khosravi S, Kamali Andani M, Cordani M, Basiri M, Ghavami S. Cancer chemotherapy resistance: Mechanisms and recent breakthrough in targeted drug delivery. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176013. [PMID: 37633322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy, one of the most widely used cancer treatment methods, has serious side effects, and usually results in cancer treatment failure. Drug resistance is one of the primary reasons for this failure. The most significant drawbacks of systemic chemotherapy are rapid clearance from the circulation, the drug's low concentration in the tumor site, and considerable adverse effects outside the tumor. Several ways have been developed to boost neoplasm treatment efficacy and overcome medication resistance. In recent years, targeted drug delivery has become an essential therapeutic application. As more mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance are discovered, nanoparticles (NPs) are designed to target these pathways. Therefore, understanding the limitations and challenges of this technology is critical for nanocarrier evaluation. Nano-drugs have been increasingly employed in medicine, incorporating therapeutic applications for more precise and effective tumor diagnosis, therapy, and targeting. Many benefits of NP-based drug delivery systems in cancer treatment have been proven, including good pharmacokinetics, tumor cell-specific targeting, decreased side effects, and lessened drug resistance. As more mechanisms of tumor treatment resistance are discovered, NPs are designed to target these pathways. At the moment, this innovative technology has the potential to bring fresh insights into cancer therapy. Therefore, understanding the limitations and challenges of this technology is critical for nanocarrier evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davodabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Sajjadi
- School of Biological Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shaghayegh Mirghasemi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Nadali Hezaveh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Samin Khosravi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Kamali Andani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rolna 43, 40-555. Katowice, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
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5
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Xie X, Yue T, Gu W, Cheng W, He L, Ren W, Li F, Piao JG. Recent Advances in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Delivering siRNA for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2483. [PMID: 37896243 PMCID: PMC10609930 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Silencing genes using small interfering (si) RNA is a promising strategy for treating cancer. However, the curative effect of siRNA is severely constrained by low serum stability and cell membrane permeability. Therefore, improving the delivery efficiency of siRNA for cancer treatment is a research hotspot. Recently, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as bright delivery vehicles for nucleic acid drugs. A comprehensive understanding of the design of MSN-based vectors is crucial for the application of siRNA in cancer therapy. We discuss several surface-functionalized MSNs' advancements as effective siRNA delivery vehicles in this paper. The advantages of using MSNs for siRNA loading regarding considerations of different shapes, various options for surface functionalization, and customizable pore sizes are highlighted. We discuss the recent investigations into strategies that efficiently improve cellular uptake, facilitate endosomal escape, and promote cargo dissociation from the MSNs for enhanced intracellular siRNA delivery. Also, particular attention was paid to the exciting progress made by combining RNAi with other therapies to improve cancer therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanzhu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (X.X.); (T.Y.); (W.G.); (W.C.); (L.H.); (W.R.)
| | - Ji-Gang Piao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (X.X.); (T.Y.); (W.G.); (W.C.); (L.H.); (W.R.)
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Farjadian F, Ghasemi S, Akbarian M, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M, Moghoofei M, Doroudian M. Physically stimulus-responsive nanoparticles for therapy and diagnosis. Front Chem 2022; 10:952675. [PMID: 36186605 PMCID: PMC9515617 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.952675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles offer numerous advantages in various fields of science, particularly in medicine. Over recent years, the use of nanoparticles in disease diagnosis and treatments has increased dramatically by the development of stimuli-responsive nano-systems, which can respond to internal or external stimuli. In the last 10 years, many preclinical studies were performed on physically triggered nano-systems to develop and optimize stable, precise, and selective therapeutic or diagnostic agents. In this regard, the systems must meet the requirements of efficacy, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and safety before clinical investigation. Several undesired aspects need to be addressed to successfully translate these physical stimuli-responsive nano-systems, as biomaterials, into clinical practice. These have to be commonly taken into account when developing physically triggered systems; thus, also applicable for nano-systems based on nanomaterials. This review focuses on physically triggered nano-systems (PTNSs), with diagnostic or therapeutic and theranostic applications. Several types of physically triggered nano-systems based on polymeric micelles and hydrogels, mesoporous silica, and magnets are reviewed and discussed in various aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fatemeh Farjadian, , Soheila Ghasemi, , Mohammad Doroudian,
| | - Soheila Ghasemi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fatemeh Farjadian, , Soheila Ghasemi, , Mohammad Doroudian,
| | - Mohsen Akbarian
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Doroudian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fatemeh Farjadian, , Soheila Ghasemi, , Mohammad Doroudian,
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Triaca V, Fico E, Rosso P, Ralli M, Corsi A, Severini C, Crevenna A, Agostinelli E, Rullo E, Riminucci M, Colizza A, Polimeni A, Greco A, Tirassa P. Pilot Investigation on p75ICD Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112622. [PMID: 35681602 PMCID: PMC9179539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR) expression and cleavage product p75NTR Intracellular Domain (p75ICD) as potential oncogenic and metastatic markers in human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC). p75NTR is highly expressed in Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) of the laryngeal epithelia and it has been proposed as a marker for stemness, cell migration, and chemo-resistance in different squamous carcinomas. To investigate the clinical significance of p75NTR cleavage products in solid tumors, full-length and cleaved p75NTR expression was analyzed in laryngeal primary tumors from different-stage LSCC patients, diagnosed at the Policlinico Umberto I Hospital. Molecular and histological techniques were used to detect the expressions of p75NTR and p75ICD, and ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 (ABCG2), a CSC marker. We found regulated p75NTR cleavage during squamous epithelial tumor progression and tissue invasion. Our preliminary investigation suggests p75ICD expression and localization as possible features of tumorigenesis and metastaticity. Its co-localization with ABCG2 in squamous cells in the parenchyma invaded by the tumor formation allows us to hypothesize p75NTR and p75ICD roles in tumor invasion and CSC spreading in LSCC patients. These data might represent a starting point for a comprehensive analysis of p75NTR cleavage and of its clinical relevance as a potential molecular LSCC signature, possibly helping diagnosis, and improving prognosis and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), International Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (P.T.)
| | - Elena Fico
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (P.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Pamela Rosso
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (P.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (E.A.); (A.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (E.R.); (M.R.)
| | - Cinzia Severini
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (P.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Alvaro Crevenna
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, EMBL Rome, International Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy;
| | - Enzo Agostinelli
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (E.A.); (A.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Emma Rullo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (E.R.); (M.R.)
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (E.R.); (M.R.)
| | - Andrea Colizza
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (E.A.); (A.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (E.A.); (A.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Paola Tirassa
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.F.); (P.R.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (P.T.)
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Bidar N, Darroudi M, Ebrahimzadeh A, Safdari M, de la Guardia M, Baradaran B, Goodarzi V, Oroojalian F, Mokhtarzadeh A. Simultaneous nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs and chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapy and diagnosis: Recent advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 915:174639. [PMID: 34919890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, investigations have revealed that RNA interference (RNAi) has a remarkable potential to decrease cancer burden by downregulating genes. Among various RNAi molecules, small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been more attractive for this goal and is able to silence a target pathological path and promote the degradation of a certain mRNA, resulting in either gain or loss of function of proteins. Moreover, therapeutic siRNAs have exhibited low side effects compared to other therapeutic molecular candidates. Nevertheless, siRNA delivery has its own limitations including quick degradation in circulation, ineffective internalization and low passive uptake by cells, possible toxicity against off-target sites, and inducing unfavorable immune responses. Therefore, delivery tools must be able to specifically direct siRNAs to their target locations without inflicting detrimental effects on other sites. To conquer the mentioned problems, nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs, using inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), polymers, and lipids, has been developed as a biocompatible delivery approach. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the siRNA delivery methods that employ nanoparticles, lipids, and polymers, as well as the inorganic-based co-delivery systems used to deliver siRNAs and anticancer agents to target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Bidar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ailin Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Safdari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Wang D, Yu D, Liu X, Wang Q, Chen X, Hu X, Wang Q, Jin C, Wen L, Zhang L. Targeting laryngeal cancer cells with 5-fluorouracil and curcumin using mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820962114. [PMID: 33267716 PMCID: PMC7720313 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820962114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the inhibitory and synergistic effects of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin on Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells and clarify the effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as drug carriers. Methods: The inhibitory effects of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin on Hep-2 cells were detected using the CCK-8 assay. CompuSyn was used to calculate the synergistic effect of the 2 drugs. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by 5-fluorouracil and curcumin. The drugs were loaded into mesoporous nanoparticles. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of related proteins after treatment. The growth of subcutaneous tumors in BALB/c nude after the intraperitoneal injection with drug-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles was recorded. Results: 5-Fluorouracil and curcumin synergistically induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in Hep-2 cells. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as drug carriers enhanced the therapeutic effects of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin. Conclusions: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are expected to be effective drug carriers that enhance the synergistic effects of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin on laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshibojie Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyang Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xindan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshun Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianji Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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10
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Abstract
Cancer stem cells play a fundamental role in the growth, metastasis, recurrence, and chemoresistance of cancers of various origins; therefore, targeting these cells may prospectively help to eradicate cancer cells from patients. In this study, the effect of tetrandrine on the proliferation of CD133-positive (CD133) Hep-2 cells was examined to characterize its potential for targeting cancer stem cells in laryngeal cancer.The stem cell population of Hep-2 cells was isolated by magnetic-activated cell sorting against CD133, treated with different concentrations of tetrandrine, and assessed for cell cycle progression, proliferation, and migration. The mechanism of tetrandrine inhibition was also investigated.Our in vitro assay indicated that 20 μg/ml tetrandrine significantly inhibited the viability of CD133 Hep-2 cells (P < 0.01). Further cell cycle profiling showed a nearly 50% reduction of the S-phase cells after tetrandrine treatment, suggesting that tetrandrine inhibited DNA synthesis as well as cell proliferation. At the molecular level, tetrandrine induced downregulation of Bcl-2 and simultaneous upregulation of Bax and caspase-3 as well as enhanced cell apoptosis.Our results demonstrated that tetrandrine inhibited the cell viability and proliferation of CD133 Hep-2 cells by reducing the number of cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle and enhancing cell apoptosis.
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11
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Barui S, Cauda V. Multimodal Decorations of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Improved Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E527. [PMID: 32521802 PMCID: PMC7355899 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of leaky vasculature and the lack of lymphatic drainage of small structures by the solid tumors formulate nanoparticles as promising delivery vehicles in cancer therapy. In particular, among various nanoparticles, the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) exhibit numerous outstanding features, including mechanical thermal and chemical stability, huge surface area and ordered porous interior to store different anti-cancer therapeutics with high loading capacity and tunable release mechanisms. Furthermore, one can easily decorate the surface of MSN by attaching ligands for active targeting specifically to the cancer region exploiting overexpressed receptors. The controlled release of drugs to the disease site without any leakage to healthy tissues can be achieved by employing environment responsive gatekeepers for the end-capping of MSN. To achieve precise cancer chemotherapy, the most desired delivery system should possess high loading efficiency, site-specificity and capacity of controlled release. In this review we will focus on multimodal decorations of MSN, which is the most demanding ongoing approach related to MSN application in cancer therapy. Herein, we will report about the recently tried efforts for multimodal modifications of MSN, exploiting both the active targeting and stimuli responsive behavior simultaneously, along with individual targeted delivery and stimuli responsive cancer therapy using MSN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy;
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12
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Wu D, Zhao Z, Wang N, Zhang X, Yan H, Chen X, Fan Y, Liu W, Liu X. Fluorescence imaging-guided multifunctional liposomes for tumor-specific phototherapy for laryngeal carcinoma. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3443-3453. [PMID: 32412569 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00249f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Reliable diagnosis and efficient targeted therapy are important and may lead to the effective treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. Multifunctional nano-theranostic agents demonstrate great potential in tumor theranostic applications. Thus, herein, we report novel targeting multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles, internalized RGD (iRGD)-modified indocyanine green (ICG) encapsulated liposomes (iLIPICG), for imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. The iRGD-PEG-DSPE lipid endowed iLIPICG with high affinity for tumor vascular targeting, tumor-penetration and tumor cell targeting. The in vivo results showed that iLIPICG exhibited excellent blood circulation and tumor accumulation. iLIPICG could be spatially and temporally controlled, simultaneously producing hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species as well as a fluorescence-guided effect through ICG to ablate laryngeal carcinoma cells under irradiation from an 808 nm laser. iLIPICG generated synergistic photodynamic-photothermal cytotoxicity against Hep-2 cells, resulting in the efficient ablation of laryngeal carcinoma. Thus, the iLIPICG system provides a promising strategy to improve the precision imaging and effective phototherapy for the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.
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13
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García-Fernández A, Aznar E, Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F. New Advances in In Vivo Applications of Gated Mesoporous Silica as Drug Delivery Nanocarriers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1902242. [PMID: 31846230 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One appealing concept in the field of hybrid materials is related to the design of gated materials. These materials are prepared in such a way that the release of chemical or biochemical species from voids of porous supports to a solution is triggered upon the application of external stimuli. Such gated materials are mainly composed of two subunits: i) a porous inorganic scaffold in which a cargo is stored, and ii) certain molecular or supramolecular entities, grafted onto the external surface, that can control mass transport from the interior of the pores. On the basis of this concept, a large number of examples are developed in the past ten years. A comprehensive overview of gated materials used in drug delivery applications in in vivo models from 2016 to date is thus given here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba García-Fernández
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain
| | - Félix Sancenón
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain
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14
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Exploiting Current Understanding of Hypoxia Mediated Tumour Progression for Nanotherapeutic Development. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121989. [PMID: 31835751 PMCID: PMC6966647 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most common phenotypes of malignant tumours. Hypoxia leads to the increased activity of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which regulate the expression of genes controlling a raft of pro-tumour phenotypes. These include maintenance of the cancer stem cell compartment, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and metabolic reprogramming. Hypoxia can also contribute to the tumour progression in a HIF-independent manner via the activation of a complex signalling network pathway, including JAK-STAT, RhoA/ROCK, NF-κB and PI3/AKT. Recent studies suggest that nanotherapeutics offer a unique opportunity to target the hypoxic microenvironment, enhancing the therapeutic window of conventional therapeutics. In this review, we summarise recent advances in understanding the impact of hypoxia on tumour progression, while outlining possible nanotherapeutic approaches for overcoming hypoxia-mediated resistance.
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15
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Wadhawan A, Chatterjee M, Singh G. Present Scenario of Bioconjugates in Cancer Therapy: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215243. [PMID: 31652668 PMCID: PMC6862033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases and poses a risk to people all over the world. Surgery, chemo, and radiation therapy have been the only options available until today to combat this major problem. Chemotherapeutic drugs have been used for treatment for more than 50 years. Unfortunately, these drugs have inherent cytotoxicities and tumor cells have started inducing resistance against these drugs. Other common techniques such as surgery and radiotherapy have their own drawbacks. Therefore, such techniques are incompetent tools to alleviate the disease efficiently without any adverse effects. This scenario has inspired researchers to develop alternative techniques with enhanced therapeutic effects and minimal side effects. Such techniques include targeted therapy, liposomal therapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy, etc. However, these therapies are expensive and not effective enough. Furthermore, researchers have conjugated therapeutic agents or drugs with different molecules, delivery vectors, and/or imaging modalities to combat such problems and enhance the therapeutic effect. This conjugation technique has led to the development of bioconjugation therapy, in which at least one molecule is of biological origin. These bioconjugates are the new therapeutic strategies, having prospective synergistic antitumor effects and have potency to overcome the complications being produced by chemo drugs. Herein, we provide an overview of various bioconjugates developed so far, as well as their classification, characteristics, and targeting approach for cancer. Additionally, the most popular nanostructures based on their organic or inorganic origin (metallic, magnetic, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and silica nanoparticles) characterized as nanocarriers are also discussed. Moreover, we hope that this review will provide inspiration for researchers to develop better bioconjugates as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishani Wadhawan
- Biotechnology Branch, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh Pin code-160014, India.
| | - Mary Chatterjee
- Biotechnology Branch, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh Pin code-160014, India.
| | - Gurpal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sector-14, Panjab University, Chandigarh Pin code-160014, India.
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16
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Fakiruddin KS, Lim MN, Nordin N, Rosli R, Zakaria Z, Abdullah S. Targeting of CD133+ Cancer Stem Cells by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expressing TRAIL Reveals a Prospective Role of Apoptotic Gene Regulation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091261. [PMID: 31466290 PMCID: PMC6770521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as vehicles for anti-tumor cytotherapy; however, investigation on its efficacy to target a specific cancer stem cell (CSC) population in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lacking. Using assays to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and gene expression, we investigated the efficacy of MSCs expressing tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (MSC-TRAIL) to target and destroy CD133+ (prominin-1 positive) NSCLC-derived CSCs. Characterization of TRAIL death receptor 5 (DR5) revealed that it was highly expressed in the CD133+ CSCs of both H460 and H2170 cell lines. The human MSC-TRAIL generated in the study maintained its multipotent characteristics, and caused significant tumor cell inhibition in NSCLC-derived CSCs in a co-culture. The MSC-TRAIL induced an increase in annexin V expression, an indicator of apoptosis in H460 and H2170 derived CD133+ CSCs. Through investigation of mitochondria membrane potential, we found that MSC-TRAIL was capable of inducing intrinsic apoptosis to the CSCs. Using pathway-specific gene expression profiling, we uncovered candidate genes such as NFKB1, BAG3, MCL1, GADD45A, and HRK in CD133+ CSCs, which, if targeted, might increase the sensitivity of NSCLC to MSC-TRAIL-mediated inhibition. As such, our findings add credibility to the utilization of MSC-TRAIL for the treatment of NSCLC through targeting of CD133+ CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Shaik Fakiruddin
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
- Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia.
| | - Moon Nian Lim
- Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norshariza Nordin
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Rosli
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Zakaria
- Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Syahril Abdullah
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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17
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Asghari F, Khademi R, Esmaeili Ranjbar F, Veisi Malekshahi Z, Faridi Majidi R. Application of Nanotechnology in Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells: A Review. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:227-239. [PMID: 31242721 PMCID: PMC6657943 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is increasingly apparent as a systems-level, network happening. The central tendency of malignant alteration can be described as a two-phase procedure, where an initial increase of network plasticity is followed by reducing plasticity at late stages of tumor improvement. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells that take characteristics associated with normal stem cells. Cancer therapy has been based on the concept that most of the cancer cells have a similar ability to separate metastasise and kill the host. In this review, we addressed the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Asghari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- International affairs, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi Majidi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Huang C, Li Y, Zhao W, Zhang A, Lu C, Wang Z, Liu L. α2δ1 may be a potential marker for cancer stem cell in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:97-107. [PMID: 30475757 PMCID: PMC6398553 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the ability to dictate tumor initiation, recurrence, and metastasis. Here, we examined the expression of aα2δ1+ in laryngeal cancer tissues and further determined the effect of α2δ1 on the migratory ability and tumorigenicity of laryngeal cancer cells. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that α2δ1 was positive in 13 (13/16, 81.25%) cases in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues, 7 (7/16, 43.75%) cases in paracancerous tissues and only 2 (2/16, 12.5%) cases in normal tumor tissues. Our quantitative RT-PCR assays further showed that α2δ1+ LSCC cells expressed significantly higher levels of stem cell-associated genes and drug efflux and resistance genes versusα2δ1- cells. Sphere-forming assays demonstrated higher sphere-forming efficiency in the α2δ1+versusα2δ1- subpopulation. Our Matrigel assays showed that α2δ1+ cells exhibited significantly greater invasive and migratory ability than α2δ1- cells. Furthermore, the percentage of purified α2δ1+ in TU686 and TU212 cells treated cisplatin or paclitaxel was significantly higher than that of the control group. Tumor xenograft assays revealed that the tumorigenicity of α2δ1+ cells was much higher than α2δ1- cells. In conclusion, a α2δ1+ subpopulation with CSC-like property was present in laryngeal cancer and possessed high self-renewal activity and was sufficient for tumor growth, differentiation, migration, invasion, and chemotherapeutic resistance. They could represent a promising therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoping Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhenxiao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liangfa Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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19
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Kolenda T, Przybyła W, Kapałczyńska M, Teresiak A, Zajączkowska M, Bliźniak R, Lamperska KM. Tumor microenvironment - Unknown niche with powerful therapeutic potential. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2018; 23:143-153. [PMID: 29760589 PMCID: PMC5948324 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are in a group of cancers that are the most resistant to treatment. The survival rate of HNSCC patients has been still very low since last 20 years. The existence of relationship between oncogenic and surrounding cells is probably the reason for a poor response to treatment. Fibroblasts are an important element of tumor stroma which increases tumor cells ability to proliferate. Another highly resistance, tumorigenic and metastatic cell population in tumor microenvironment are cancer initiating cells (CICs). The population of cancer initiating cells can be found regardless of differentiation status of cancer and they seem to be crucial for HNSCC development. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge about HNSCC biological and physiological tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kolenda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetic, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Weronika Przybyła
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetic, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marta Kapałczyńska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetic, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charite University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Teresiak
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetic, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Zajączkowska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetic, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Renata Bliźniak
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetic, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
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20
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Watermann A, Brieger J. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicles in Cancer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E189. [PMID: 28737672 PMCID: PMC5535255 DOI: 10.3390/nano7070189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Even though cancer treatment has improved over the recent decades, still more specific and effective treatment concepts are mandatory. Surgical removal is not always possible, metastases are challenging and chemo- and radiotherapy can not only have severe side-effects but also resistances may occur. To cope with these challenges more efficient therapies with fewer side-effects are required. One promising approach is the use of drug delivery vehicles. Here, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are discussed as biodegradable drug carrier to improve efficacy and reduce side-effects. MSN excellently fulfill the criteria for nanoparticulate carriers: their distinct structure allows high loading capacity and a plethora of surface modifications. MSN synthesis permits fine-tuning of particle and pore sizes. Moreover, drug release can be tailored through various gatekeeper systems which are for example pH-sensitive or redox-sensitive. Furthermore, MSN can either enter tumors passively by the enhanced permeability and retention effect or can be actively targeted by various ligands. PEGylation prolongs circulation time and availability. A huge advantage of MSN is their explicitly low toxic profile in vivo. Yet, clinical translation remains challenging. Overall, mesoporous silica nanoparticles are a promising tool for innovative, more efficient and safer cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Watermann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Juergen Brieger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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21
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Cha W, Fan R, Miao Y, Zhou Y, Qin C, Shan X, Wan X, Li J. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Carriers for Intracellular Delivery of Nucleic Acids and Subsequent Therapeutic Applications. Molecules 2017; 22:E782. [PMID: 28492505 PMCID: PMC6154527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids, including DNA, microRNA (miRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), are powerful gene regulators, which have been demonstrated as promising drug candidates for therapeutic treatments. Nevertheless, poor cellular membrane permeability and serum stability have greatly hindered the applications of nucleic acids in biomedicine. To address these issues, associate carriers that can encapsulate and protect nucleic acids are urgently required. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs or MSNPs), which are nanomaterials with excellent biocompatibility, large surface area for functionalization, and tunable pore size for encapsulating different cargos, are emerging as novel and ideal biomaterials for different biomedical applications. In this review paper, we focus on the applications of MSNs in nucleic acid delivery and nucleic acid-guided therapeutic treatments. General strategies for the preparation of nucleic acid-MSN complexes will be firstly introduced, followed by a summary of recent applications of MSNs in nucleic acid delivery and nucleic acid-guided therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Cha
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng 224001, China.
| | - Rengen Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng 224001, China.
| | - Yufeng Miao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng 224001, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng 224001, China.
| | - Chenglin Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng 224001, China.
| | - Xiangxiang Shan
- Department of Gerontology, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng 224001, China.
| | - Xinqiang Wan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nantong University Xinglin College, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Jinbo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Unviersity, Nanjing 210023, China.
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22
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Yuan ZX, Mo J, Zhao G, Shu G, Fu HL, Zhao W. Targeting Strategies for Renal Cell Carcinoma: From Renal Cancer Cells to Renal Cancer Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:423. [PMID: 27891093 PMCID: PMC5103413 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common form of urologic tumor that originates from the highly heterogeneous epithelium of renal tubules. Over the last decade, targeting therapies to renal cancer cells have transformed clinical care for RCC. Recently, it was proposed that renal cancer stem cells (CSCs) isolated from renal carcinomas were responsible for driving tumor growth and resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, according to the theory of CSCs; this has provided the rationale for therapies targeting this aggressive cell population. Precise identification of renal CSC populations and the complete cell hierarchy will accurately inform characterization of disease subtypes. This will ultimately contribute to more personalized and targeted therapies. Here, we summarize potential targeting strategies for renal cancer cells and renal CSCs, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR), interleukins, CSC marker inhibitors, bone morphogenetic protein-2, antibody drug conjugates, and nanomedicine. In conclusion, targeting therapies for RCC represent new directions for exploration and clinical investigation and they plant a seed of hope for advanced clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Guixian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Lin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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23
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Abstract
The most common method for cancer treatment is chemotherapy. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major obstacles in chemotherapeutic treatment of many human cancers. One strategy to overcome this challenge is the delivery of anticancer drugs and siRNA simultaneously using nanoparticles. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are one of the most popular nanoparticles for cargo delivery because of their intrinsic porosity. This paper highlights recent advances in codelivery of chemotherapeutic and siRNA with mesoporous silica nanoparticles for cancer therapy. In addition, synthesis and functionalization approaches of these nanoparticles are summarized. This review presents insight into the utilization of nanoparticles and combination therapy to achieve more promising results in chemotherapy.
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24
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Shevtsov MA, Parr MA, Ryzhov VA, Zemtsova EG, Arbenin AY, Ponomareva AN, Smirnov VM, Multhoff G. Zero-valent Fe confined mesoporous silica nanocarriers (Fe(0) @ MCM-41) for targeting experimental orthotopic glioma in rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29247. [PMID: 27386761 PMCID: PMC4937429 DOI: 10.1038/srep29247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) impregnated with zero-valent Fe (Fe(0) @ MCM-41) represent an attractive nanocarrier system for drug delivery into tumor cells. The major goal of this work was to assess whether MSNs can penetrate the blood-brain barrier in a glioblastoma rat model. Synthesized MSNs nanomaterials were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, measurements of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy. For the detection of the MSNs by MR and for biodistribution studies MSNs were labeled with zero-valent Fe. Subsequent magnetometry and nonlinear-longitudinal-response-M2 (NLR-M2) measurements confirmed the MR negative contrast enhancement properties of the nanoparticles. After incubation of different tumor (C6 glioma, U87 glioma, K562 erythroleukemia, HeLa cervix carcinoma) and normal cells such as fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) MSNs rapidly get internalized into the cytosol. Intracellular residing MSNs result in an enhanced cytotoxicity as Fe(0) @ MCM-41 promote the reactive oxygen species production. MRI and histological studies indicated an accumulation of intravenously injected Fe(0) @ MCM-41 MSNs in orthotopic C6 glioma model. Biodistribution studies with measurements of second harmonic of magnetization demonstrated an increased and dose-dependent retention of MSNs in tumor tissues. Taken together, this study demonstrates that MSNs can enter the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in tumorous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Shevtsov
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaniger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany.,Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, 194064 Tikhoretsky ave., 4, Russia
| | - M A Parr
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - V A Ryzhov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - E G Zemtsova
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - A Yu Arbenin
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - A N Ponomareva
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - V M Smirnov
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 7 - 9, 199034, Russia
| | - G Multhoff
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaniger Str. 22, Munich 81675, Germany
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25
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Chen Z, Zhu P, Zhang Y, Liu Y, He Y, Zhang L, Gao Y. Enhanced Sensitivity of Cancer Stem Cells to Chemotherapy Using Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2749-59. [PMID: 27348602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for cancer drug resistance with high expression of ABCG2, which pumps the internalized chemotherapeutic out to escape drug-induced cytotoxicity. Here, we established a functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) system to deliver shABCG2 and doxorubicin (Dox) synergistically. With excellent cell uptake and endosomal escape capacities, the dual-delivery carriers internalized shABCG2 and Dox into CSCs efficiently. ABCG2 depletion increased intracellular and intranuclear Dox enrichment, drove vigorous Dox-induced cell death, and impaired the self-renewal of CSCs. Additionally, the nanoparticles eliminated tumors efficiently and reduced tumor initiation by CSCs in vivo, with negligible side effects. Our findings suggest that well-designed delivery systems for conventional chemotherapeutic agents are promising for CSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yushun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yating Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuling He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lifen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001, China
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26
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Lu B, Huang X, Mo J, Zhao W. Drug Delivery Using Nanoparticles for Cancer Stem-Like Cell Targeting. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:84. [PMID: 27148051 PMCID: PMC4828437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem-like cell (or cancer stem cell, CSC) has been established to explain how tumor heterogeneity arises and contributes to tumor progression in diverse cancer types. CSCs are believed to drive tumor growth and elicit resistance to conventional therapeutics. Therefore, CSCs are becoming novel target in both medical researches and clinical studies. Emerging evidences showed that nanoparticles effectively inhibit many types of CSCs by targeting various specific markers (aldehyde dehydrogenases, CD44, CD90, and CD133) and signaling pathways (Notch, Hedgehog, and TGF-β), which are critically involved in CSC function and maintenance. In this review, we briefly summarize the current status of CSC research and review a number of state-of-the-art nanomedicine approaches targeting CSC. In addition, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies using epigenetic drugs to eliminate CSCs and inhibit cancer cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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