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Pesantes MA, Bazán Macera M, Mercier S, Katic PG. Healthy food, unhealthy food: Indigenous perspectives on the nutrition transition. Glob Public Health 2024; 19:2329210. [PMID: 38502923 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2024.2329210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Amazonian Indigenous Peoples are undergoing drastic changes in their ways of life including the quality and availability of food and its impact on their health and well-being. Indigenous populations have their own perspectives and interpretations of dietary changes unfolding in their communities. Based on in-depth interviews, observations and validation workshops we explored the way Awajún describe and problematise the concept of healthy and unhealthy food in the context of the nutrition transition. We learn that the characteristics of 'good food' are informed by their capacity to give strength, protect health and enable them to be hardworking people. On the contrary, food that comes from the city weakens the body and may result in health problems. For the Awajún, chicken with hormones, fish preserved in cans, and powdered milk negatively affect their health. We argue that the dichotomy 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' used to classify food provides information not only about Indigenous conceptualisations of health and die, but is also a critique of broader structural processes affecting their well-being. The terms, explanations and idioms used by the Awajún to talk about food, provide an insight into Indigenous perspectives and knowledge key to informing global health interventions in culturally appropriate ways.
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Sahu M, Chattopadhyay B, Das R, Chaturvedi S. Measuring Impact of Climate Change on Indigenous Health in the Background of Multiple Disadvantages: A Scoping Review for Equitable Public Health Policy Formulation. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2023; 44:421-456. [PMID: 36512184 PMCID: PMC9745731 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-022-00718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
How climate change is uniquely affecting Indigenous health remains a very less explored area in the existing research literature. The imperative of inclusive climate action to protect indigenous health multiplies manifolds due to their unique vulnerabilities owing to predominant dependence on natural resources and multiple disadvantages faced. The current article attempted to add to the evidence pool regarding climate change impacts on the indigenous population by systematically collecting, processing, and interpreting data as a scoping literature review for effective and inclusive climate policymaking. Twenty-Nine articles of varied study designs were identified employing a systematically organized search strategy using PubMed (Field, MeSH, and advanced search) and Google scholar; relevant data were extracted for further analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were followed. Changing climate scenarios had both direct and indirect health-related impacts on indigenous health, and altered the epidemiological triad for various health-related events, causing the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases, and increased prevalence of chronic diseases and mental disorders. An expanded framework was developed showcasing the variability of climate change events, multiple disadvantages, and its impacts on indigenous populations. Few studies also reported a wide range of adaptation responses of indigenous peoples towards climate change. It was substantiated that any climate-change mitigation policy must take into account the trials and tribulations of indigenous communities. Also, due to the complexity and large variability of the impacts and differences in mitigation capabilities, policies should be contextualized locally and tailored to meet the climate need of the indigenous community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisha Sahu
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, 110, Chittaranjan Avenue, Kolkata, 700 073, India
| | - Biswadip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, 110, Chittaranjan Avenue, Kolkata, 700 073, India.
| | - Ranjan Das
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, 110, Chittaranjan Avenue, Kolkata, 700 073, India
| | - Sakshi Chaturvedi
- Faculty of Nursing, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
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3
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Povoroznyuk O, Schweitzer P. Ignoring environmental change? On fishing quotas and collapsing coastlines in Bykovskiy, Northern Sakha (Yakutiya). AMBIO 2023; 52:1211-1220. [PMID: 37222912 PMCID: PMC10247646 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01874-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Indigenous village of Bykovskiy is located 40 km from Tiksi, the administrative center of Bulunskiy District (Ulus), in the northern part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya), Russia. Founded as a Soviet fishing cooperative, it became home to Indigenous Sakha, Evenkis, Evens, as well as to Russian settlers and political prisoners from the Baltic states. Post-Soviet transformations, coupled with escalating environmental change processes, has been altering the local economy and subsistence activities since the 1990s. Although our interlocutors directly observed and experienced such changes, they seemed to ignore the visible problem of severe coastal erosion that was destroying a local cemetery. This article is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the study region in 2019, and combines approaches from the anthropology of climate change with reception and communication studies. It examines "ignorance" as a strategy of adaptation to multiple stressors under historically reproduced colonial structures of governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Povoroznyuk
- Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Schottengasse 10, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Schweitzer
- Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Universitaetsstrasse 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
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4
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The Impact of Environmental and Anthropogenic Factors on the Migration of the Rural Arctic Population of Western Siberia. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14127436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and anthropogenic factors represent challenges impacting the lifestyle and demographic rural population’s behaviour in the Russian Arctic that threaten its social and food security. We aim to explore (1) which key “push” factors are jeopardising social sustainability and increasing migration outflows in the Arctic rural communities of Western Siberia (2) and how the Siberian population’s sustainable development could be secured. The methodology and analysis were based on Lee’s theory of migration factors with the main focus on the “push” factors forcing people to migrate to other Arctic and non-Arctic territories. The primary sources included fieldwork data and interviews collected during expeditions to the Arctic zone of Western Siberia between 2000 and 2021. Both men and women confirmed the insignificant impact of environmental factors on their emigration plans. However, they signified social and personal motives related to low standards of living that threatened their social and food security. The rural Siberian population’s migration strategies could be re-evaluated only by increasing the physical availability of food products and developing the social infrastructure of the settlements as either “models of rural cities” or “service centres for nomadic and rural population”.
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Self-Rated Health, Life Balance and Feeling of Empowerment When Facing Impacts of Permafrost Thaw—A Case Study from Northern Canada. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate warming in Arctic Canada, e.g., permafrost thaw, comprehensively impacts biota and the environment, which then affects the lives of people. This study aimed to investigate which perceived environmental and adaptation factors relate to self-rated well-being, quality of life, satisfaction with life (sum variable = life balance), self-rated health, and feeling of empowerment to face the changes related to permafrost thaw. The study sample was collected from one community using a questionnaire (n = 53) and analyzed by cross-tabulation. Results indicated that most participants had at least good well-being, quality of life, satisfaction with life, and a medium level of health, and over 40% assessed being empowered to face the changes related to permafrost thaw. Problems and challenges associated with permafrost thaw, e.g., health, traditional lifeways, and infrastructure, were recognized; these had impacts on life balance, feeling of empowerment, and self-rated health. Traditional knowledge regarding adaptation to face changes was seen as important. More adaptation actions from the individual to global level seemed to be needed. This study provides an overview of the situation in one area, but more research, with a larger study sample, should be conducted to achieve a deeper understanding of climate-related impacts on life and holistic well-being.
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Tombre IM, Fredriksen F, Jerpstad O, Østnes JE, Eythórsson E. Population control by means of organised hunting effort: Experiences from a voluntary goose hunting arrangement. AMBIO 2022; 51:728-742. [PMID: 34185252 PMCID: PMC8800999 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Implementing management objectives may be challenging when decisions are made at different scales than where they are supposed to be carried out. In this study we present a situation where local goose hunting arrangements respond to objectives in an international management plan for pink-footed geese (Anser brachyrhynchus) and a local wish to reduce goose numbers as means to reduce grazing damage on farmland. A unique ten-year dataset provides an evaluation of the efficiency of voluntary actions at a local scale for implementing a policy of population control of geese, and general lessons are drawn for collaboration and co-production of knowledge for adaptive management. The study demonstrates how both the hunters and geese adapt in a situation where increasing the harvest of geese is the main objective. Introducing hunting-free days and safe foraging areas significantly increased goose numbers in the study area, with a corresponding increase in hunting success in terms of number of harvested geese. The geese's behavioural response to hunting also triggered the hunters to adapt accordingly by optimal timing and placement in the landscape. Based on the results of the present study we suggest a framework for local implementation of management actions. Bringing end-users on board, facilitates processes and strengthens the achievements, as they represent the actors where implementation occurs. Specifically, our findings demonstrate how optimal goose hunting can be practiced by the use of an adaptive framework with active stakeholder participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn M. Tombre
- Department of Arctic Ecology, The Fram Centre, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Langnes, P.O. Box 6606, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Fredrik Fredriksen
- NORD University, P.O. Box 2510, 7729 Steinkjer, Norway
- Forum for Nature and Outdoor Life in Trøndelag, Kjøpmannsgata 12, 7500 Stjørdal, Norway
| | | | - Jan Eivind Østnes
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, NORD University, P.O. Box 2510, 7729 Steinkjer, Norway
| | - Einar Eythórsson
- High North Department, The Fram Centre, Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research, Langnes, P.O. Box 6606, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
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Zarov EA, Golubyatnikov LL, Lapshina ED, Loyko SV. Vegetation and Soils of Tundra Landscapes in the Pur–Taz Interfluvial Region. BIOL BULL+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kirpotin SN, Callaghan TV, Peregon AM, Babenko AS, Berman DI, Bulakhova NA, Byzaakay AA, Chernykh TM, Chursin V, Interesova EA, Gureev SP, Kerchev IA, Kharuk VI, Khovalyg AO, Kolpashchikov LA, Krivets SA, Kvasnikova ZN, Kuzhevskaia IV, Merzlyakov OE, Nekhoroshev OG, Popkov VK, Pyak AI, Valevich TO, Volkov IV, Volkova II. Impacts of environmental change on biodiversity and vegetation dynamics in Siberia. AMBIO 2021; 50:1926-1952. [PMID: 34115347 PMCID: PMC8497665 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological diversity is the basis for, and an indicator of biosphere integrity. Together with climate change, its loss is one of the two most important planetary boundaries. A halt in biodiversity loss is one of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Current changes in biodiversity in the vast landmass of Siberia are at an initial stage of inventory, even though the Siberian environment is experiencing rapid climate change, weather extremes and transformation of land use and management. Biodiversity changes affect traditional land use by Indigenous People and multiple ecosystem services with implications for local and national economies. Here we review and analyse a large number of scientific publications, which are little known outside Russia, and we provide insights into Siberian biodiversity issues for the wider international research community. Case studies are presented on biodiversity changes for insect pests, fish, amphibians and reptiles, birds, mammals and steppe vegetation, and we discuss their causes and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N. Kirpotin
- Tuvan State University, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva Russian Federation 667000
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | - Terry V. Callaghan
- University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Anna M. Peregon
- Tuvan State University, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva Russian Federation 667000
- Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISSA SB RAS), Prospect Akademika Lavrentyeva, 8/2, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 630090
| | - Andrei S. Babenko
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | - Daniil I. Berman
- Siberian Center of State Research Center for Space Hydrometeorology « Planeta», 30, Sovetskaya St, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 630099
| | - Nina A. Bulakhova
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
- Institute of the Biological Problem of the North of the Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, 18 Portovaya St, Magadan, Russian Federation 685000
| | - Arysia A. Byzaakay
- Tuvan State University, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva Russian Federation 667000
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | | | - Vladislav Chursin
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
- Siberian Center of State Research Center for Space Hydrometeorology « Planeta», 30, Sovetskaya St, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 630099
| | - Elena A. Interesova
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
- Novosibirsk Branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 1 Pisareva, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 630091
| | - Sergey P. Gureev
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | - Ivan A. Kerchev
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
- Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, 10/3 Academichesky Pr, Tomsk, Russian Federation 634055
| | - Viacheslav I. Kharuk
- Sukachev Institute of Forests, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50-28, Academgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation 660036
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Pr., 82A, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation 660041
| | - Aldynai O. Khovalyg
- Tuvan State University, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva Russian Federation 667000
| | - Leonid A. Kolpashchikov
- Joint Directorate of Taimyr Nature Reserves, 22 Talnakhskaya St, Norilsk, Russian Federation 663305
| | - Svetlana A. Krivets
- Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, 10/3 Academichesky Pr, Tomsk, Russian Federation 634055
| | - Zoya N. Kvasnikova
- Tuvan State University, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva Russian Federation 667000
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | | | | | | | - Viktor K. Popkov
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | - Andrei I. Pyak
- Tuvan State University, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Republic of Tuva Russian Federation 667000
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
| | | | - Igor V. Volkov
- Tomsk State Pedagogical University, 60 Kievskaya St, Tomsk, Russian Federation 634061
| | - Irina I. Volkova
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Pr., Tomsk, Russian Federation 634050
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Callaghan TV, Shaduyko O, Kirpotin SN, Gordov E. Siberian environmental change: Synthesis of recent studies and opportunities for networking. AMBIO 2021; 50:2104-2127. [PMID: 34586591 PMCID: PMC8479719 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01626-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A recent multidisciplinary compilation of studies on changes in the Siberian environment details how climate is changing faster than most places on Earth with exceptional warming in the north and increased aridity in the south. Impacts of these changes are rapid permafrost thaw and melt of glaciers, increased flooding, extreme weather events leading to sudden changes in biodiversity, increased forest fires, more insect pest outbreaks, and increased emissions of CO2 and methane. These trends interact with sociological changes leading to land-use change, globalisation of diets, impaired health of Arctic Peoples, and challenges for transport. Local mitigation and adaptation measures are likely to be limited by a range of public perceptions of climate change that vary according to personal background. However, Siberia has the possibility through land surface feedbacks to amplify or suppress climate change impacts at potentially global levels. Based on the diverse studies presented in this Ambio Special Issue, we suggest ways forward for more sustainable environmental research and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry V. Callaghan
- University of Sheffield UK. University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin ave., Tomsk, Russia 634050
| | - Olga Shaduyko
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin ave., Tomsk, Russia 634050
| | - Sergey N. Kirpotin
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin ave., Tomsk, Russia 634050
- Tuvan State University, Republic of Tuva, 36 Lenina St., Kyzyl, Russia 667000
| | - Evgeny Gordov
- Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, SB RAS, 10/3 Academichesky Pr, Tomsk, Russia 634055
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Rakhmanova L, Kolesnichenko L, Kuzhevskaya I, Kolesnichenko I, Vorobev R, Tyulyupo S, Drozdov V, Shaduyko O. Perspectives of climate change: A comparison of scientific understanding and local interpretations by different Western Siberian communities. AMBIO 2021; 50:2072-2089. [PMID: 34562268 PMCID: PMC8497671 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of social effects of climate change as experienced by local communities, based on field research and analysis in Western Siberia, from southern taiga to tundra. The results of field anthropological research reveal different attitudes of local residents to climate change. We compare the key trends of climate change with the perspectives of local residents, based on memories, subjective experiences, and local environmental knowledge. Our results highlight a significant divergence of the subjective assessments of residents from objective data on the dynamics of changes in certain environmental elements. We explore how the human subjective perception of natural processes, their consequences and impacts, are influenced by such factors as: type of settlement, age, gender, level of education and how collective stereotypes and judgments merge information in attitude formation. We also address the need to reconcile observed climate change impacts and perceptions to enable decision-makers to engage more constructively with the local population to develop and implement adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Rakhmanova
- HSE University, 16 Souyuza Pechatnikov, St Petersburg, Russia 190121
| | | | - Irina Kuzhevskaya
- Tomsk State University, Arcadia Ivanova Street, 49, Tomsk, Russia 634050
| | | | | | | | - Viktor Drozdov
- Tomsk State University, 36, Lenin Av., Tomsk, Russia 634050
| | - Olga Shaduyko
- Tomsk State University, 36, Lenin Av., Tomsk, Russia 634050
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Lavrillier A, Gabyshev S. An Indigenous science of the climate change impacts on landscape topography in Siberia. AMBIO 2021; 50:1910-1925. [PMID: 33630267 PMCID: PMC8497664 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01467-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As with many Indigenous Peoples, the Siberian Evenki nomadic reindeer herders and hunters have observed increasing consequences of climate change on the cryosphere and biodiversity. Since 2017, they have observed previously unthinkable changes in topography. Based exclusively on an Evenki Indigenous Ecological Knowledge system-social anthropology coproduction and community-based continuous observation from 2013, this paper analyses what a Subarctic People observes, knows, does not know, hypothesizes, and models (collectively or individually) about climate change impacts on Indigenous landscape types typical for local river systems. These landscapes are crucial tools for traditional activities. To the nomads, the landscape changes emerge from general anomalies: competition from new plant species; atmosphere-ground-vegetation interactions; icing blisters decrease; rising receding river water interactions; the formation of new soil, ice, and snow types; increasing ground, air, and water temperatures; and the (non)circulation of harsh air throughout the snowpack. We demonstrate the science-like structure and value of Indigenous typologies and hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lavrillier
- Social and Cultural Anthropology, CEARC (OVSQ-University of Paris-Saclay), CEARC-OVSQ/UVSQ, 11 Bld d’Alembert, 78280 Guyancourt, France
| | - Semen Gabyshev
- Evenki Reindeer Herder in Sakha (Yakutia) and Amur Region, CEARC (OVSQ - University of Paris Saclay), CEARC-OVSQ/UVSQ, 11 Bld d’Alembert, 78280 Guyancourt, France
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12
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Tsyganov AN, Zarov EA, Mazei YA, Kulkov MG, Babeshko KV, Yushkovets SY, Payne RJ, Ratcliffe JL, Fatyunina YA, Zazovskaya EP, Lapshina ED. Key periods of peatland development and environmental changes in the middle taiga zone of Western Siberia during the Holocene. AMBIO 2021; 50:1896-1909. [PMID: 33825155 PMCID: PMC8497661 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The response of peatlands to climate change can be highly variable. Through understanding past changes we can better predict the response of peatlands to future climate change. We use a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct the surface wetness and carbon accumulation of the Mukhrino mire (Western Siberia), describing the development of the mire since peat formation in the early Holocene, around 9360 cal. year BP. The mire started as a rich fen which initiated after paludification of a spruce forest (probably in response to a wetter climate), while the Mukhrino mire progressed to ombrotrophic bog conditions (8760 cal. year BP). This transition coincided with the intensive development of mires in Western Siberia and was associated with active carbon accumulation (31 g m-2 year-1). The ecosystem underwent a change to a tree-covered state around 5860 cal. year BP, likely in response to warming and possible droughts and this accompanied low carbon accumulation (12 g m2 year-1). If the future climate will be warmer and wetter, then regional mires are likely to remain a carbon sink, alternatively, a reversion to the wooded state with reduced carbon sink strength is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Tsyganov
- Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, building 12, Moscow, Russia 119234
- Laboratory of Soil Zoology and General Entomology, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospekt 33, Moscow, Russia 119071
| | - Evgeny A. Zarov
- Research Education Center of Environmental Dynamics and Climate Change (UNESCO Chair), Yugra State University, Chekhova str. 16, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 628007
| | - Yuri A. Mazei
- Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, building 12, Moscow, Russia 119234
- Laboratory of Soil Zoology and General Entomology, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospekt 33, Moscow, Russia 119071
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, 1 International University Park Road, Dayun New Town, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 517182 China
| | - Mikhail G. Kulkov
- Research Education Center of Environmental Dynamics and Climate Change (UNESCO Chair), Yugra State University, Chekhova str. 16, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 628007
- Research and Analytical Centre for the Rational Use of the Subsoil named after V.I.Shpilman, Studencheskaya str. 2, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 628007
| | - Kirill V. Babeshko
- Department of General Biology and Biochemistry, Penza State University, Lermontova str. 37, building 15, Penza, Russia 440026
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Penza State University, Lermontova str. 37, building 15, Penza, Russia 440026
| | - Svetlana Y. Yushkovets
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Penza State University, Lermontova str. 37, building 15, Penza, Russia 440026
| | | | - Joshua L. Ratcliffe
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yulia A. Fatyunina
- Department of General Biology and Biochemistry, Penza State University, Lermontova str. 37, building 15, Penza, Russia 440026
| | - Elya P. Zazovskaya
- Laboratory of Radiocarbon Dating and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Science (IG RAS), Staromonetniy Lane 29, Moscow, Russia 119017
| | - Elena D. Lapshina
- Research Education Center of Environmental Dynamics and Climate Change (UNESCO Chair), Yugra State University, Chekhova str. 16, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 628007
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Frantzeskaki N, McPhearson T, Kabisch N. Urban sustainability science: prospects for innovations through a system's perspective, relational and transformations' approaches : This article belongs to Ambio's 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Urbanization. AMBIO 2021; 50:1650-1658. [PMID: 33710518 PMCID: PMC8285445 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective, we present how three initial landmark papers on urban sustainability research contributed to the larger sustainability science scholarship and paved the way for the continued development of urban sustainability research. Based on this, we propose three conceptual innovation pathways to trace the progression of urban sustainability science: First, urban sustainability from a system's perspective, meaning that urban sustainability requires integrative solutions to work in the tripled social-ecological-technological system setting. Second, urban sustainability from a (people and place) relational perspective, meaning urban sustainability is a contested and dynamic social-ecological contract of cities. As a governance mission, urban sustainability requires evidence from research that can inform coordinated action to bridge people, places, meanings, visions and ecosystems. Third, urban sustainability from a transformative science perspective, meaning that for urban sustainability to be achieved and progressed, deep transformations are required in systems, relations, policies and governance approaches. Our proposal for the future of urban sustainability science centres on emphasizing the relevance and policy applicability of systems' thinking, value and place thinking and transitions/transformations thinking as fundamental to how knowledge is co-produced by research science, policy and society and becomes actionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Frantzeskaki
- Centre for Urban Transitions, School of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Timon McPhearson
- Urban Systems Lab, The New School, New York, NY USA
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY USA
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadja Kabisch
- Department of Geography, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
Climate change extreme events have consequential impacts that influence the responses of vegetation dynamics as well as ecosystem functioning and sustainable human well-being. Therefore, vegetation response to climate change (VRCC) needs to be explored to foster specific-organised management programmes towards ecological conservation and targeted restoration policy to various climate extreme threats. This review aimed to explore the existing literature to characterise VRCC and to identify solutions and techniques fundamental in designing strategies for targeted effective adaptation and mitigation to achieve sustainable planning outcomes. Accordingly, this review emphasised recent theoretical and practical research on the vegetation-climate responses and their related impacts in the wake of climate change and its debilitating impacts on vegetation. Consequently, this study proposes the Information-based model (IBM), needed to examine Factors–forms of Impacts–Solutions (Techniques)–Risks assessment to identify and provide insights about VRCC in a given region. In conclusion, two enablers of adaptive indicators and the novel systems-based serve as a key policy formulation for sustainability in strengthening the goals of global involvement of local and sub-national governments and institutions in the effective management of vegetation and ecosystem protection.
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Mergler D. Ecosystem approaches to mercury and human health: A way toward the future : This article belongs to Ambio's 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Environmental contaminants. AMBIO 2021; 50:527-531. [PMID: 33469822 PMCID: PMC7882643 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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The Impact of Climate Change on the Food (In)security of the Siberian Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic: Environmental and Health Risks. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13052561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change represents a global challenge that impacts the environment, traditional lifestyle and health of the Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia and threatens their food security. Reindeer are an important food source for this population since reindeer herding products are used as traditional nutrition and effective preventive means and remedies for adapting to the cold and geomagnetic activity in the High North. Longer off-season periods, high summer and winter temperatures, melting ice, and forest and tundra fires have a significant impact on the trampling and degradation of reindeer pastures. These effects may lead to massive reindeer losses and changes in the traditional diet of the Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic, which result in increases in the prevalence of respiratory diseases, overweight and hypertension. This study applied a multidisciplinary approach based on ecological and medical research methods with the inclusion of socioeconomic analysis. The primary sources included data on the longitudinal dynamics of air temperature as a climate change indicator and reindeer livestock populations (1936–2018), consumption of reindeer products and physiological impacts on the Yamal Indigenous population collected during expeditions to the Arctic zone of Western Siberia in 2012–2018.
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Tran J, Divine LM, Heffner LR. "What are you going to do, Protest the Wind?": Community Perceptions of Emergent and Worsening Coastal Erosion from the Remote Bering Sea Community of St. Paul, Alaska. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 67:43-66. [PMID: 33159553 PMCID: PMC7854430 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-020-01382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The state of Alaska is experiencing increased coastal erosion due to climatic changes that threaten shoreline, infrastructure, and Alaska Native ways of life. While several Alaska Native villages have been impacted by severe erosion, additional communities face burgeoning erosion concerns. St. Paul, a remote island located in the Bering Sea, Alaska, and home to ~450 Unangan, or Aleut, residents, is experiencing relatively new erosion and associated flooding issues. This study aimed to inform St. Paul's erosion monitoring and climate adaptation strategies by documenting community perceptions of coastal erosion as an ecological and social threat within a broader context of multiple established climate stressors. We interviewed 21 residents to answer: (1) what are the community's perceptions of erosion on St. Paul in the context of the island's other environmental concerns?; (2) do current perceptions of erosion affect how local governing and management entities address erosion impacts?; and (3) how does erosion relate to and impact Unangan cultural traditions and heritage? Residents identified six locations of primary concern, owing to how erosion of those areas impact their culture, subsistence practices, and sense of place. We suggest methods in which local entities can better support proactive climate adaptation and mitigation measures and utilize resources for community-driven adaption planning. By documenting perspectives in Indigenous communities on emergent climate impacts, as well as perceptions of adaptation planning and implementation, it can establish the foundation for more collaborative, culturally relevant, and successful community-driven climate adaptation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tran
- Ecosystem Conservation Office, Aleut Community of St. Paul Island, 2050 Venia Minor Rd, Box 86, St. Paul, AK, 99660, USA.
- Stony Brook University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Lauren M Divine
- Ecosystem Conservation Office, Aleut Community of St. Paul Island, 2050 Venia Minor Rd, Box 86, St. Paul, AK, 99660, USA
| | - Leanna R Heffner
- Northwest Boreal Partnership, 1227W. 9th Ave #300, Anchorage, AK, 99501, USA
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