1
|
Panettieri E, Campisi A, De Rose AM, Mele C, Giuliante F, Vauthey JN, Ardito F. Emerging Prognostic Markers in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2183. [PMID: 38927889 PMCID: PMC11201456 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver resection is potentially curative. Nevertheless, post-operative recurrence is common, occurring in up to 70% of patients. Factors traditionally recognized to predict recurrence and survival after liver resection for HCC include pathologic factors (i.e., microvascular and capsular invasion) and an increase in alpha-fetoprotein level. During the past decade, many new markers have been reported to correlate with prognosis after resection of HCC: liquid biopsy markers, gene signatures, inflammation markers, and other biomarkers, including PIVKA-II, immune checkpoint molecules, and proteins in urinary exosomes. However, not all of these new markers are readily available in clinical practice, and their reproducibility is unclear. Liquid biopsy is a powerful and established tool for predicting long-term outcomes after resection of HCC; the main limitation of liquid biopsy is represented by the cost related to its technical implementation. Numerous patterns of genetic expression capable of predicting survival after curative-intent hepatectomy for HCC have been identified, but published findings regarding these markers are heterogenous. Inflammation markers in the form of prognostic nutritional index and different blood cell ratios seem more easily reproducible and more affordable on a large scale than other emerging markers. To select the most effective treatment for patients with HCC, it is crucial that the scientific community validate new predictive markers for recurrence and survival after resection that are reliable and widely reproducible. More reports from Western countries are necessary to corroborate the evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Panettieri
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Andrea Campisi
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Agostino M. De Rose
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Mele
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.D.R.); (C.M.); (F.G.); (F.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Namba Y, Kobayashi T, Kuroda S, Hashimoto M, Takei D, Fukuhara S, Oshita K, Matsubara K, Honmyo N, Nakano R, Sakai H, Tahara H, Ohira M, Ide K, Ohdan H. Protocol to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in patients with refractory ascites after liver resection: an open-label, single-arm phase I/II study. Int J Surg Protoc 2024; 28:1-5. [PMID: 38433869 PMCID: PMC10905494 DOI: 10.1097/sp9.0000000000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis, massive ascites after hepatic resection is the cause of prolonged hospitalization and worsening prognosis. Recently, the efficacy of tolvaptan in refractory ascites has been reported; however, there are no reports on the efficacy or safety of tolvaptan for refractory ascites after hepatic resection. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of tolvaptan in patients with refractory ascites after hepatic resection. Materials and methods This is an open-label, single-arm phase I/II study. This study subject will comprise patients scheduled for hepatic resection of a liver tumor. Patients with refractory ascites after hepatic resection (drainage volume on postoperative day 1 ≥5 ml/body weight 1 kg/day) will be treated with tolvaptan. The primary endpoint will include the maximum change in body weight after hepatic resection relative to the preoperative baseline. The secondary endpoints will include drainage volume, abdominal circumference, urine output, postoperative complication rate (heart failure and respiratory failure), number of days required for postoperative weight gain because of ascites to decrease to preoperative weight, change in improvement of postoperative pleural effusion, total amount of albumin or fresh frozen plasma transfusion, type and amount of diuretics used, and postoperative hospitalization days. Conclusion This trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan prophylaxis for refractory ascites after hepatic resection. As there are no reports demonstrating the efficacy of tolvaptan prophylaxis for refractory ascites after hepatic resection, the authors expect that these findings will lead to future phase III trials and provide valuable indications for the selection of treatments for refractory postoperative ascites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Namba
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Shintaro Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masakazu Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
- Department of Gastroenterological-Breast and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital
| | - Daisuke Takei
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
- Department of Surgery and Endoscopic Surgery, JA Onomichi General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sotaro Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Ko Oshita
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Keiso Matsubara
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Naruhiko Honmyo
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Ryosuke Nakano
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Hiroshi Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Hiroyuki Tahara
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masahiro Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kentaro Ide
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Famularo S, Penzo C, Maino C, Milana F, Oliva R, Marescaux J, Diana M, Romano F, Giuliante F, Ardito F, Grazi GL, Donadon M, Torzilli G. Preoperative detection of hepatocellular carcinoma's microvascular invasion on CT-scan by machine learning and radiomics: A preliminary analysis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024:108274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
|
4
|
Famularo S, Cillo U, Lauterio A, Donadon M, Vitale A, Serenari M, Cipriani F, Fazio F, Giuffrida M, Ardito F, Dominioni T, Garancini M, Lai Q, Nicolini D, Molfino S, Perri P, Pinotti E, Conci S, Ferrari C, Zanello M, Patauner S, Zimmitti G, Germani P, Chiarelli M, Romano M, De Angelis M, La Barba G, Troci A, Ferraro V, Izzo F, Antonucci A, Belli A, Memeo R, Crespi M, Ercolani G, Boccia L, Zanus G, Tarchi P, Hilal MA, Frena A, Jovine E, Griseri G, Ruzzenente A, Zago M, Grazi G, Baiocchi GL, Vivarelli M, Rossi M, Romano F, Maestri M, Giuliante F, Valle RD, Ferrero A, Aldrighetti L, De Carlis L, Cescon M, Torzilli G. Survival benefit of second line therapies for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: repeated hepatectomy, thermoablation and second-line transplant referral in a real life national scenario. HPB (Oxford) 2023; 25:1223-1234. [PMID: 37357112 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite second-line transplant(SLT) for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(rHCC) leads to the longest survival after recurrence(SAR), its real applicability has never been reported. The aim was to compare the SAR of SLT versus repeated hepatectomy and thermoablation(CUR group). METHODS Patients were enrolled from the Italian register HE.RC.O.LE.S. between 2008 and 2021. Two groups were created: CUR versus SLT. A propensity score matching (PSM) was run to balance the groups. RESULTS 743 patients were enrolled, CUR = 611 and SLT = 132. Median age at recurrence was 71(IQR 6575) years old and 60(IQR 53-64, p < 0.001) for CUR and SLT respectively. After PSM, median SAR for CUR was 43 months(95%CI = 37 - 93) and not reached for SLT(p < 0.001). SLT patients gained a survival benefit of 9.4 months if compared with CUR. MilanCriteria(MC)-In patients were 82.7% of the CUR group. SLT(HR 0.386, 95%CI = 0.23 - 0.63, p < 0.001) and the MELD score(HR 1.169, 95%CI = 1.07 - 1.27, p < 0.001) were the only predictors of mortality. In case of MC-Out, the only predictor of mortality was the number of nodules at recurrence(HR 1.45, 95%CI= 1.09 - 1.93, p = 0.011). CONCLUSION It emerged an important transplant under referral in favour of repeated hepatectomy or thermoablation. In patients with MC-Out relapse, the benefit of SLT over CUR was not observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Surgical Data Science Team, Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France.
| | - Umberto Cillo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DiSCOG), University of Padova, Second General Surgical Unit, Padova Teaching Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Lauterio
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DiSCOG), University of Padova, Second General Surgical Unit, Padova Teaching Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Serenari
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, Policlinico Sant'Orsola IRCCS, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, "Vita e Salute" University, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrida
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Dominioni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mattia Garancini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Nicolini
- HPB Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Italy
| | | | - Giuliano La Barba
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna Forlì, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Ferraro
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Division of Epatobiliary Surgical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale-IRCCS di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Belli
- Division of Epatobiliary Surgical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale-IRCCS di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna Forlì, Italy
| | - Luigi Boccia
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Carlo Poma, Mantua, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Moh'd Abu Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Gianluca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian L Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Vivarelli
- HPB Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele D Valle
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, "Vita e Salute" University, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Luciano De Carlis
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, Policlinico Sant'Orsola IRCCS, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Serenari M, Lenzi J, Cucchetti A, Cipriani F, Donadon M, Ardito F, Fazio F, Nicolini D, Iaria M, Famularo S, Perri P, Ansaloni L, Zanello M, Lai Q, Conci S, Molfino S, Ferrari C, Germani P, Zago M, Romano M, Zimmitti G, Antonucci A, Fumagalli L, Troci A, Ferraro V, Memeo R, Crespi M, Chiarelli M, Ercolani G, Hilal MA, Zanus G, Pinotti E, Tarchi P, Griseri G, Baiocchi GL, Ruzzenente A, Rossi M, Jovine E, Maestri M, Grazi GL, Romano F, Dalla Valle R, Ravaioli M, Vivarelli M, Ferrero A, Giuliante F, Torzilli G, Aldrighetti L, Cescon M. The Effect of a Liver Transplant Program on the Outcomes of Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Multicenter Analysis. Ann Surg 2023; 277:664-671. [PMID: 35766422 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a liver transplantation (LT) program on the outcomes of resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BACKGROUND Surgical treatment of HCC includes both hepatic resection (HR) and LT. However, the presence of cirrhosis and the possibility of recurrence make the management of this disease complex and probably different according to the presence of a LT program. METHODS Patients undergoing HR for HCC between January 2005 and December 2019 were identified from a national database of HCC. The main study outcomes were major surgical complications according to the Comprehensive Complication Index, posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), 90-day mortality, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes were salvage liver transplantation (SLT) and postrecurrence survival. RESULTS A total of 3202 patients were included from 25 hospitals over the study period. Three of 25 (12%) had an LT program. The presence of an LT program within a center was associated with a reduced probability of PHLF (odds ratio=0.38) but not with overall survival and disease-free survival. There was an increased probability of SLT when HR was performed in a transplant hospital (odds ratio=12.05). Among transplant-eligible patients, those who underwent LT had a significantly longer postrecurrence survival. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the presence of a LT program was associated with decreased PHLF rates and an increased probability to receive SLT in case of recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Serenari
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lenzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cucchetti
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I," Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Nicolini
- HPB Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Paola Germani
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Ferraro
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Mohamed A Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Ravaioli
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Vivarelli
- HPB Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I," Turin, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vreeland TJ, Collings AT, Ozair A, Adams AM, Dirks R, Kushner BS, Sucandy I, Morrell D, Whiteside J, Ansari MT, Cloyd J, Cleary SP, Ceppa E, Abou-Setta AM, Alseidi A, Awad Z, Ayloo S, Buell J, Orthopoulos G, Richardson W, Sbayi S, Wakabayashi G, Asbun H, Slater BJ, Pryor AD, Jeyarajah DR. SAGES/AHPBA guidelines for the use of minimally invasive surgery for the surgical treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Surg Endosc 2023; 37:2508-2516. [PMID: 36810687 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-09895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) occur in roughly half of patients with colorectal cancer. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become an increasingly acceptable and utilized technique for resection in these patients, but there is a lack of specific guidelines on the use of MIS hepatectomy in this setting. A multidisciplinary expert panel was convened to develop evidence-based recommendations regarding the decision between MIS and open techniques for the resection of CRLM. METHODS Systematic review was conducted for two key questions (KQ) regarding the use of MIS versus open surgery for the resection of isolated liver metastases from colon and rectal cancer. Evidence-based recommendations were formulated using the GRADE methodology by subject experts. Additionally, the panel developed recommendations for future research. RESULTS The panel addressed two KQs, which pertained to staged or simultaneous resection of resectable colon or rectal metastases. The panel made conditional recommendations for the use of MIS hepatectomy for both staged and simultaneous resection when deemed safe, feasible, and oncologically effective by the surgeon based on the individual patient characteristics. These recommendations were based on low and very low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSIONS These evidence-based recommendations should provide guidance regarding surgical decision-making in the treatment of CRLM and highlight the importance of individual considerations of each case. Pursuing the identified research needs may help further refine the evidence and improve future versions of guidelines for the use of MIS techniques in the treatment of CRLM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia T Collings
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ahmad Ozair
- Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alexandra M Adams
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Dirks
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - David Morrell
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jake Whiteside
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mohammed T Ansari
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jordan Cloyd
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sean P Cleary
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eugene Ceppa
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ahmed M Abou-Setta
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Adnan Alseidi
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ziad Awad
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Joseph Buell
- Division of Surgery, Mission Healthcare System, HCA Healthcare, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - Georgios Orthopoulos
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School-Baystate, Worcester, USA
| | | | - Samer Sbayi
- Department of Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Go Wakabayashi
- Center for Advanced Treatment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Department of Surgery, Ageo Central General Hospital, Ageo City, Japan
| | - Horacio Asbun
- Baptist Health Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bethany J Slater
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Aurora D Pryor
- Department of Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Famularo S, Donadon M, Cipriani F, Fazio F, Ardito F, Iaria M, Perri P, Conci S, Dominioni T, Lai Q, La Barba G, Patauner S, Molfino S, Germani P, Zimmitti G, Pinotti E, Zanello M, Fumagalli L, Ferrari C, Romano M, Delvecchio A, Valsecchi MG, Antonucci A, Piscaglia F, Farinati F, Kawaguchi Y, Hasegawa K, Memeo R, Zanus G, Griseri G, Chiarelli M, Jovine E, Zago M, Abu Hilal M, Tarchi P, Baiocchi GL, Frena A, Ercolani G, Rossi M, Maestri M, Ruzzenente A, Grazi GL, Dalla Valle R, Romano F, Giuliante F, Ferrero A, Aldrighetti L, Bernasconi DP, Torzilli G. Machine Learning Predictive Model to Guide Treatment Allocation for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Surgery. JAMA Surg 2023; 158:192-202. [PMID: 36576813 PMCID: PMC9857766 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Importance Clear indications on how to select retreatments for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still lacking. Objective To create a machine learning predictive model of survival after HCC recurrence to allocate patients to their best potential treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants Real-life data were obtained from an Italian registry of hepatocellular carcinoma between January 2008 and December 2019 after a median (IQR) follow-up of 27 (12-51) months. External validation was made on data derived by another Italian cohort and a Japanese cohort. Patients who experienced a recurrent HCC after a first surgical approach were included. Patients were profiled, and factors predicting survival after recurrence under different treatments that acted also as treatment effect modifiers were assessed. The model was then fitted individually to identify the best potential treatment. Analysis took place between January and April 2021. Exposures Patients were enrolled if treated by reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, chemoembolization, or sorafenib. Main Outcomes and Measures Survival after recurrence was the end point. Results A total of 701 patients with recurrent HCC were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 71 [9] years; 151 [21.5%] female). Of those, 293 patients (41.8%) received reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, 188 (26.8%) received sorafenib, and 220 (31.4%) received chemoembolization. Treatment, age, cirrhosis, number, size, and lobar localization of the recurrent nodules, extrahepatic spread, and time to recurrence were all treatment effect modifiers and survival after recurrence predictors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the predictive model was 78.5% (95% CI, 71.7%-85.3%) at 5 years after recurrence. According to the model, 611 patients (87.2%) would have benefited from reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, 37 (5.2%) from sorafenib, and 53 (7.6%) from chemoembolization in terms of potential survival after recurrence. Compared with patients for which the best potential treatment was reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, sorafenib and chemoembolization would be the best potential treatment for older patients (median [IQR] age, 78.5 [75.2-83.4] years, 77.02 [73.89-80.46] years, and 71.59 [64.76-76.06] years for sorafenib, chemoembolization, and reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, respectively), with a lower median (IQR) number of multiple recurrent nodules (1.00 [1.00-2.00] for sorafenib, 1.00 [1.00-2.00] for chemoembolization, and 2.00 [1.00-3.00] for reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation). Extrahepatic recurrence was observed in 43.2% (n = 16) for sorafenib as the best potential treatment vs 14.6% (n = 89) for reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation as the best potential treatment and 0% for chemoembolization as the best potential treatment. Those profiles were used to constitute a patient-tailored algorithm for the best potential treatment allocation. Conclusions and Relevance The herein presented algorithm should help in allocating patients with recurrent HCC to the best potential treatment according to their specific characteristics in a treatment hierarchy fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, “Vita e Salute” University, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital “Umberto I”, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Dominioni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano La Barba
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Yoshikuni Kawaguchi
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Moh’d Abu Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital “Umberto I”, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, “Vita e Salute” University, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide P. Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The largest western experience on salvage hepatectomy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: propensity score-matched analysis on behalf of He.RC.O.Le.Study Group. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:1291-1304. [PMID: 35125292 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate, in a large Western cohort, perioperative and long-term oncological outcomes of salvage hepatectomy (SH) for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) after primary hepatectomy (PH) or locoregional treatments. METHODS Data were collected from the Hepatocarcinoma Recurrence on the Liver Study Group (He.RC.O.Le.S.) Italian Registry. After 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis (PSM), two groups were compared: the PH group (patients submitted to resection for a first HCC) and the SH group (patients resected for intrahepatic rHCC after previous HCC-related treatments). RESULTS 2689 patients were enrolled. PH included 2339 patients, SH 350. After PSM, 263 patients were selected in each group with major resected nodule median size, intraoperative blood loss and minimally invasive approach significantly lower in the SH group. Long-term outcomes were compared, with no difference in OS and DFS. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed only microvascular invasion as an independent prognostic factor for OS. CONCLUSION SH proved to be equivalent to PH in terms of safety, feasibility and long-term outcomes, consistent with data gathered from East Asia. In the awaiting of reliable treatment-allocating algorithms for rHCC, SH appears to be a suitable alternative in patients fit for surgery, regardless of the previous therapeutic modality implemented.
Collapse
|
9
|
Famularo S, Russolillo N, Donadon M, Cipriani F, Ardito F, Perri P, Giani A, De Stefano F, Lai Q, Molfino S, Zanello M, Iaria M, La Barba G, Pinotti E, Germani P, Conci S, Ferrari C, Fumagalli L, Romano M, Antonucci A, Zimmitti G, Troci A, Floridi A, Ferraro V, Patauner S, Frena A, Memeo R, Crespi M, Hilal MA, Zanus G, Chiarelli M, Percivale A, Ruzzenente A, Tarchi P, Zago M, Ercolani G, Dalla Valle R, Jovine E, Baiocchi GL, Rossi M, Maestri M, Romano F, Grazi GL, Giuliante F, Aldrighetti L, Ferrero A, Torzilli G. Benchmarking postoperative outcomes after open liver surgery for cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in a national cohort. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:1365-1375. [PMID: 35293320 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benchmark analysis for open liver surgery for cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still undefined. METHODS Patients were identified from the Italian national registry HE.RC.O.LE.S. The Achievable Benchmark of Care (ABC) method was employed to identify the benchmarks. The outcomes assessed were the rate of complications, major comorbidities, post-operative ascites (POA), post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), 90-day mortality. Benchmarking was stratified for surgical complexity (CP1, CP2 and CP3). RESULTS A total of 978 of 2698 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 431 (44.1%) patients were treated with CP1 procedures, 239 (24.4%) with CP2 and 308 (31.5%) with CP3 procedures. Patients submitted to CP1 had a worse underlying liver function, while the tumor burden was more severe in CP3 cases. The ABC for complications (13.1%, 19.2% and 28.1% for CP1, CP2 and CP3 respectively), major complications (7.6%, 11.1%, 12.5%) and 90-day mortality (0%, 3.3%, 3.6%) increased with the surgical difficulty, but not POA (4.4%, 3.3% and 2.6% respectively) and PHLF (0% for all groups). CONCLUSION We propose benchmarks for open liver resections in HCC cirrhotic patients, stratified for surgical complexity. The difference between the benchmark values and the results obtained during everyday practice reflects the room for potential growth, with the aim to encourage constant improvement among liver surgeons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Nadia Russolillo
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca De Stefano
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuliano La Barba
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Ferraro
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mohammed A Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liver drains after surgery: what is the real practice? An international snapshot from the Li.DR.A.S. survey. Updates Surg 2022; 74:1317-1326. [PMID: 35657558 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-022-01301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite current evidence, the use of drains in liver surgery is still controversial. We conducted an international survey to investigate the clinical use of drains in the E-AHPBA, A-HPBA and A-PHPBA communities. An open survey of 30 questions was prepared on Google-Form and distributed by email to all members. One hundred and ninety-one HPB surgeons responded to the survey. One hundred and twelve surgeons (58.6%) reported routine use of abdominal drains after liver resections. Eighty-eight (46.1%) responded that removal was driven by low volume and low bilirubin levels in the drains. For minor liver resection, 97 (50.8%) surgeons reported using drains selectively; in contrast, 134 (70.2%) surgeons prefer to use a drain always after major procedures. Among patients with cirrhosis, 87 (45.5%) surgeons reported routine drains placement, while 84 (44.0%) considered drains selectively. A no-drain policy was most prevalent among surgeons from North America (80%) versus Asian-Pacific (70.0%), European and African (60.8%), and South American (61.5%) surgeons. Among minimally invasive surgeons, 74.2% reported drain use only in selected cases versus 35.0% among surgeons who performed open surgery. The practice of draining after liver surgery is still highly variable among centers and surgeons around the world, with a high variability according to the underlying liver condition and planned surgical approach.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hepatectomy Versus Sorafenib in Advanced Non-Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Real-Life Multicentric Weighted Comparison. Ann Surg 2022; 275:743-752. [PMID: 35081572 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to compare surgery (SURG) vs sorafenib (SOR) regarding the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in a real-world clinical scenario. BACKGROUND DATA The treatment for advanced non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) belonging to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C (BCLC C) is still controversial. METHODS BCLC C patients without extra-hepatic spread and tumoral invasion of the main portal trunk were considered. Surgical patients were obtained from the HE.RC.O.LE.S. Register, while sorafenib patients were obtained from the ITA.LI.CA register The inverse probability weighting (IPW) method was adopted to balance the confounders between the two groups. RESULTS Between 2008 and 2019, 478 patients were enrolled: 303 in SURG and 175 in SOR group. ECOG-PS, presence of cirrhosis, steatosis, Child-Pugh grade, HBV and HCV, alcohol intake, collateral veins, bilobar disease, localization of the tumor thrombus, number of nodules, alpha-fetoprotein, age, and Charlson Comorbidity index were weighted by IPW to create two balanced pseudo-populations: SURG=374 and SOR=263. After IPW, 1-3-5 years OS was 83.6%, 68.1%, 55.9% for SURG, and 42.3%, 17.8%, 12.8% for SOR (p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed after subgrouping patients by ECOG-PS =0 and ECOG-PS >0, and by the intra-hepatic location of portal vein invasion. At Cox regression, sorafenib treatment (HR 4.436; 95%CI 3.19-6.15; p < 0.001) and Charlson Index (HR 1.162; 95%CI 1.06-1.27; p = 0.010) were the only independent predictors of mortality. PFS at 1-3-5 years were 65.9%, 40.3%, 24.3% for SURG and 21.6%, 3.5%, 2.9% for SOR (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS In BCLC C patients without extra-hepatic spread but with intra-hepatic portal invasion, liver resection, if feasible, was followed by better OS and PFS compared with sorafenib.
Collapse
|
12
|
Elfrink AKE, Olthof PB, Swijnenburg RJ, den Dulk M, de Boer MT, Mieog JSD, Hagendoorn J, Kazemier G, van den Boezem PB, Rijken AM, Liem MSL, Leclercq WKG, Kuhlmann KFD, Marsman HA, Ijzermans JNM, van Duijvendijk P, Erdmann JI, Kok NFM, Grünhagen DJ, Klaase JM. Factors associated with failure to rescue after liver resection and impact on hospital variation: a nationwide population-based study. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:1837-1848. [PMID: 34090804 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Failure to rescue (FTR) is defined as postoperative complications leading to mortality. This nationwide study aimed to assess factors associated with FTR and hospital variation in FTR after liver surgery. METHODS All patients who underwent liver resection between 2014 and 2017 in the Netherlands were included. FTR was defined as in-hospital or 30-day mortality after complications Dindo grade ≥3a. Variables associated with FTR and nationwide hospital variation were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Of 4961 patients included, 3707 (74.4%) underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases, 379 (7.6%) for other metastases, 526 (10.6%) for hepatocellular carcinoma and 349 (7.0%) for biliary cancer. Thirty-day major morbidity was 11.5%. Overall mortality was 2.3%. FTR was 19.1%. Age 65-80 (aOR: 2.86, CI:1.01-12.0, p = 0.049), ASA 3+ (aOR:2.59, CI: 1.66-4.02, p < 0.001), liver cirrhosis (aOR:4.15, CI:1.81-9.22, p < 0.001), biliary cancer (aOR:3.47, CI: 1.73-6.96, p < 0.001), and major resection (aOR:6.46, CI: 3.91-10.9, p < 0.001) were associated with FTR. Postoperative liver failure (aOR: 26.9, CI: 14.6-51.2, p < 0.001), cardiac (aOR: 2.62, CI: 1.27-5.29, p = 0.008) and thromboembolic complications (aOR: 2.49, CI: 1.16-5.22, p = 0.017) were associated with FTR. After case-mix correction, no hospital variation in FTR was observed. CONCLUSION FTR is influenced by patient demographics, disease and procedural burden. Prevention of postoperative liver failure, cardiac and thromboembolic complications could decrease FTR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur K E Elfrink
- Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Scientific Bureau, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Pim B Olthof
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger-Jan Swijnenburg
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel den Dulk
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke T de Boer
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Sven D Mieog
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hagendoorn
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Kazemier
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arjen M Rijken
- Department of Surgery, Amphia Medical Center, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Mike S L Liem
- Department of Surgery, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Koert F D Kuhlmann
- Department of Surgery, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek - Dutch Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan N M Ijzermans
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joris I Erdmann
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels F M Kok
- Department of Surgery, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek - Dutch Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Grünhagen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost M Klaase
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The effect of the robotic platform in hepatectomy after prior liver and non-liver abdominal operations: a comparative study of clinical outcomes. J Robot Surg 2021; 16:1067-1072. [PMID: 34825309 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-021-01343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in outcomes after primary hepatectomy have increased the eligibility of patients for reoperative hepatectomies, but this can be fraught with technical difficulties, particularly via a minimally invasive approach. The robotic approach provides superior visualization, articulated instrumentation, platform stability, and increased dexterity when compared to conventional laparoscopy. We sought to investigate the effect brought by the robotic system in the outcome of these operations. We followed 234 patients who underwent robotic liver resection from 2012 to 2021 for retrospective analysis. Patients were classified as: no prior abdominal operation, prior abdominal operation(s), and prior liver resection. Cohorts were compared by one-way ANOVA and 2 × 3 contingency table analyses. For illustrative purposes, data are presented as median (mean ± SD). Significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Of the 234 patients studied, 114 underwent primary hepatectomy, 105 had a prior laparoscopic or open abdominal operation (cholecystectomy, herniorrhaphy, colectomy, and appendectomy), and 15 had a redo hepatectomy. Demographic and preoperative ASA, MELD, neoplasm size, and extent of liver resection were similar among the cohorts. There were no statistically significant differences between the three cohorts for all outcome variables including blood loss, operative duration, intensive care unit length of stay, overall length of stay, morbidity, mortality, and readmission rate. There were no differences in morbidity nor mortality between patients undergoing primary nor reoperative robotic hepatectomy. The advantages afforded by the robotic platform may have contributed to the equalization of outcomes.
Collapse
|
14
|
Famularo S, Donadon M, Cipriani F, Ardito F, Iaria M, Carissimi F, Perri P, Dominioni T, Zanello M, Conci S, Molfino S, D'Acapito F, Germani P, Ferrari C, Patauner S, Pinotti E, Sciannamea I, Garatti M, Lodo E, Troci A, Delvecchio A, Floridi A, Bernasconi DP, Fumagalli L, Chiarelli M, Memeo R, Crespi M, Zanus G, Zimmitti G, Antonucci A, Zago M, Frena A, Griseri G, Tarchi P, Ercolani G, Baiocchi GL, Ruzzenente A, Jovine E, Maestri M, Grazi G, Valle RD, Giuliante F, Aldrighetti L, Romano F, Torzilli G. The Impact of Postoperative Ascites on Survival After Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a National Study. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:2823-2834. [PMID: 33751404 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-021-04952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative ascites (POA) is the most common complication after liver surgery for hepatocarcinoma (HCC), but its impact on survival is not reported. The aim of the study is to investigate its impact on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and secondarily to identify the factors that may predict the occurrence. METHOD Data were collected from 23 centers participating in the Italian Surgical HCC Register (HE.RC.O.LE.S. Group) between 2008 and 2018. POA was defined as ≥500 ml of ascites in the drainage after surgery. Survival analysis was conducted by the Kaplan Meier method. Risk adjustment analysis was conducted by Cox regression to investigate the risk factors for mortality and recurrence. RESULTS Among 2144 patients resected for HCC, 1871(88.5%) patients did not experience POA while 243(11.5%) had the complication. Median OS for NO-POA group was not reached, while it was 50 months (95%CI = 41-71) for those with POA (p < 0.001). POA independently increased the risk of mortality (HR = 1.696, 95%CI = 1.352-2.129, p < 0.001). Relapse risk after surgery was not predicted by the occurrence of POA. Presence of varices (OR = 2.562, 95%CI = 0.921-1.822, p < 0.001) and bilobar disease (OR = 1.940, 95%CI = 0.921-1.822, p: 0.004) were predictors of POA, while laparoscopic surgery was protective (OR = 0.445, 95%CI = 0.295-0.668, p < 0.001). Ninety-day mortality was higher in the POA group (9.1% vs 1.9% in NO-POA group, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The occurrence of POA after surgery for HCC strongly increases the risk of long-term mortality and its occurrence is relatively frequent. More efforts in surgical planning should be made to limit its occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
- Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Carissimi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Dominioni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Department of Surgery, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio D'Acapito
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Surgical Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Marco Garatti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Lodo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Paolo Bernasconi
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Surgical Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Department of Surgery, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - GianLuca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Short-term postoperative outcomes after liver resection in the elderly patient: a nationwide population-based study. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:1506-1517. [PMID: 33926842 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver resection is high-risk surgery in particular in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to explore postoperative outcomes after liver resection in elderly patients. METHODS In this nationwide study, all patients who underwent liver resection for primary and secondary liver tumours in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2019 were included. Age groups were composed as younger than 70 (70-), between 70 and 80 (septuagenarians), and 80 years or older (octogenarians). Proportion of liver resections per age group and 30-day major morbidity and 30-day mortality were assessed. RESULTS In total, 6587 patients were included of whom 4023 (58.9%) were younger than 70, 2135 (32.4%) were septuagenarians and 429 (6.5%) were octogenarians. The proportion of septuagenarians increased during the study period (aOR:1.06, CI:1.02-1.09, p < 0.001). Thirty-day major morbidity was higher in septuagenarians (11%) and octogenarians (12%) compared to younger patients (9%, p = 0.049). Thirty-day mortality was higher in septuagenarians (4%) and octogenarians (4%) compared to younger patients (2%, p < 0.001). Cardiopulmonary complications occurred more frequently with higher age, liver-specific complications did not. Higher age was associated with higher 30-day morbidity and 30-day mortality in multivariable logistic regression. CONCLUSION Thirty-day major morbidity and 30-day mortality are higher after liver resection in elderly patients, attributed mainly to non-surgical cardiopulmonary complications.
Collapse
|
16
|
Hepatectomy for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) related HCC: Propensity case-matched analysis with viral- and alcohol-related HCC. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 48:103-112. [PMID: 34325939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We investigated the clinical impact of the newly defined metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in patients undergoing hepatectomy for HCC (MAFLD-HCC) comparing the characteristics and outcomes of patients with MAFLD-HCC to viral- and alcoholic-related HCC (HCV-HCC, HBV-HCC, A-HCC). METHODS A retrospective analysis of patients included in the He.RC.O.Le.S. Group registry was performed. The characteristics, short- and long-term outcomes of 1315 patients included were compared according to the study group before and after an exact propensity score match (PSM). RESULTS Among the whole study population, 264 (20.1%) had MAFLD-HCC, 205 (15.6%) had HBV-HCC, 671 (51.0%) had HCV-HCC and 175 (13.3%) had A-HCC. MAFLD-HCC patients had higher BMI (p < 0.001), Charlson Comorbidities Index (p < 0.001), size of tumour (p < 0.001), and presence of cirrhosis (p < 0.001). After PSM, the 90-day mortality and severe morbidity rates were 5.9% and 7.1% in MAFLD-HCC, 2.3% and 7.1% in HBV-HCC, 3.5% and 11.7% in HCV-HCC, and 1.2% and 8.2% in A-HCC (p = 0.061 and p = 0.447, respectively). The 5-year OS and RFS rates were 54.4% and 37.1% in MAFLD-HCC, 64.9% and 32.2% in HBV-HCC, 53.4% and 24.7% in HCV-HCC and 62.0% and 37.8% in A-HCC (p = 0.345 and p = 0.389, respectively). Cirrhosis, multiple tumours, size and satellitosis seems to be the independent predictors of OS. CONCLUSION Hepatectomy for MAFLD-HCC seems to have a higher but acceptable operative risk. However, long-term outcomes seems to be related to clinical and pathological factors rather than aetiological risk factors.
Collapse
|
17
|
Romano F, Chiarelli M, Garancini M, Scotti M, Zago M, Cioffi G, De Simone M, Cioffi U. Rethinking the Barcelona clinic liver cancer guidelines: Intermediate stage and Child-Pugh B patients are suitable for surgery? World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2784-2794. [PMID: 34135554 PMCID: PMC8173387 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i21.2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
According to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer recommendations, intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinomas (stage B) are excluded from liver resection and are referred to palliative treatment. Moreover, Child-Pugh B patients are not usually candidates for liver resection. However, many hepatobiliary centers in the world manage patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma or Child-Pugh B cirrhosis with liver resection, maintaining that hepatic resection is not contraindicated in selected patients with non–early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and without normal liver function. Several studies demonstrate that resection provides the best survival benefit for selected patients in very early/early and even in intermediate stages of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification, and this treatment gives good results in the setting of multinodular, large tumors in patients with portal hypertension and/or Child-Pugh B cirrhosis. In this review we explore this controversial topic, and we show through the literature analysis how liver resection may improve the short- and long-term survival rate of carefully selected Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer B and Child-Pugh B hepatocellular carcinoma patients. However, other large clinical studies are needed to clarify which patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma are most likely to benefit from liver resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Romano
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Emergency and Robotic Surgery, A. Manzoni Hospital, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Mattia Garancini
- Department of General Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Mauro Scotti
- Department of General Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Emergency and Robotic Surgery, A. Manzoni Hospital, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Gerardo Cioffi
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi del Sannio di Benevento, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | | | - Ugo Cioffi
- Department of Surgery, University of Milan, Milano 20122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|