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Pilioneta M, Chen HH, Losito E, Bourgeois M, Chémaly N, Eiserman M, Guida L, Dangouloff-Ros V, Fumagalli L, Kaminska A, Boddaert N, Auvin S, Nabbout R, Sainte-Rose C, Blauwblomme T. Interhemispheric Vertical Hemispherotomy: Technique, Outcome, and Pitfalls-A Bicentric Retrospective Case Series of 39 Cases. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2024; 26:413-422. [PMID: 37994857 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES When seizure onset affects a whole hemisphere, hemispheric disconnections are efficient and safe procedures. However, both lateral peri-insular hemispherotomy and vertical paramedian hemispherotomy approaches report a failure rate around 20%, which can be explained by residual connections giving rise to persistent seizures. In this study, we present the interhemispheric vertical hemispherotomy (IVH), a technical variation of the vertical paramedian hemispherotomy approach, that aims to increase seizure control avoiding residual connections while exposing the corpus callosum. METHODS This is a retrospective study of IVH in two centers, with analysis of clinical and MRI data and outcomes. A detailed description of the technique is provided with a video. RESULTS IVH was performed in 39 children. The mean age at surgery was 7.2 years, and etiologies were as follows: malformations of cortical development (n = 14), Rasmussen's encephalitis (n = 10), stroke (n = 10), post-traumatic (3), and Sturge-Weber Syndrome (2). Hemispheric disconnection was complete on postoperative MRI in 34 cases. There was no mortality, hydrocephalus occurred in one case, and subdural collection occurred in four cases. A second surgery was performed in four cases because of seizure relapse (n = 3) and/or incomplete disconnection on MRI (n = 4). With a mean follow-up of 3.2 years, International League Against Epilepsy class I epilepsy outcome was obtained for 37/39 patients. CONCLUSION IVH is a safe and effective variation of the vertical approaches for hemispheric disconnection. It allows a good exposure and anatomic control of the corpus callosum, which is a frequent site of incomplete disconnection. IVH may be limited by the thalamic volume and the ventricular size, notably in hemimegalencephaly cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pilioneta
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | | | - Emma Losito
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Marie Bourgeois
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Nicole Chémaly
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Monika Eiserman
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Lelio Guida
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris , France
| | - Volodia Dangouloff-Ros
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris , France
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Anna Kaminska
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris , France
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris , France
- Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
| | - Rima Nabbout
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris , France
| | | | - Thomas Blauwblomme
- Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris , France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris , France
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De Barba M, Baur M, Boyer F, Fumagalli L, Konec M, Miquel C, Pazhenkova E, Remollino N, Skrbinšek T, Stoffel C, Taberlet P. Individual genotypes from environmental DNA: Fingerprinting snow tracks of three large carnivore species. Mol Ecol Resour 2024; 24:e13915. [PMID: 38099394 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Continued advancements in environmental DNA (eDNA) research have made it possible to access intraspecific variation from eDNA samples, opening new opportunities to expand non-invasive genetic studies of wildlife populations. However, the use of eDNA samples for individual genotyping, as typically performed in non-invasive genetics, still remains elusive. We present successful individual genotyping of eDNA obtained from snow tracks of three large carnivores: brown bear (Ursus arctos), European lynx (Lynx lynx) and wolf (Canis lupus). DNA was extracted using a protocol for isolating water eDNA and genotyped using amplicon sequencing of short tandem repeats (STR), and for brown bear a sex marker, on a high-throughput sequencing platform. Individual genotypes were obtained for all species, but genotyping performance differed among samples and species. The proportion of samples genotyped to individuals was higher for brown bear (5/7) and wolf (7/10) than for lynx (4/9), and locus genotyping success was greater for brown bear (0.88). The sex marker was typed in six out of seven brown bear samples. Results for three species show that reliable individual genotyping, including sex identification, is now possible from eDNA in snow tracks, underlining its vast potential to complement the non-invasive genetic methods used for wildlife. To fully leverage the application of snow track eDNA, improved understanding of the ideal species- and site-specific sampling conditions, as well as laboratory methods promoting genotyping success, is needed. This will also inform efforts to retrieve and type nuclear DNA from other eDNA samples, thereby advancing eDNA-based individual and population-level studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta De Barba
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- DivjaLabs Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Molly Baur
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Boyer
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marjeta Konec
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- DivjaLabs Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christian Miquel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Grenoble, France
| | - Elena Pazhenkova
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nadège Remollino
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tomaž Skrbinšek
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- DivjaLabs Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Céline Stoffel
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Grenoble, France
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, Norway
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3
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Hodecek J, Fumagalli L, Jakubec P. All insects matter: a review of 160 entomology cases from 1993 to 2007 in Switzerland-part I (Diptera). J Med Entomol 2024; 61:400-409. [PMID: 38157316 PMCID: PMC10936168 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Necrophagous Diptera are the most important group of insects used for the purposes of forensic entomology. While the most utilized fly family in this context is the family Calliphoridae, there are several other families that can be of great importance during real-case investigations. This article analyzes the necrophagous flies of all families recorded from 160 real cases in Switzerland between 1993 and 2007. A total of 56 species belonging to 16 families was identified with Calliphoridae being the most dominant family (90.63% of all cases), followed by Muscidae (26.25%), Sarcophagidae (19.38%), Phoridae (14.38%), and Fanniidae (12.50%). For specimens that were difficult to identify morphologically, a new PCR primer has been specifically designed for the amplification of a short, informative COI barcode in degraded museum samples of forensically important Diptera taxa. The richest family in terms of species was the family Muscidae with 16 species. Fannia fuscula (Fallen) and Fannia monilis (Haliday) were recorded from human cadavers for the first time. The study highlights the importance of different fly families in forensic investigation, enhancing our comprehension of their prevalence and dispersion in real cases in Central Europe. The results pave the way for additional exploration, especially regarding the involvement of less frequently observed species in forensic entomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Hodecek
- Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy, University Centre of Legal Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Musée Cantonal de Zoologie, Palais de Rumine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy, University Centre of Legal Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Jakubec
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Mas-Carrió E, Churski M, Kuijper D, Fumagalli L. Niche overlap across landscape variability in summer between two large herbivores using eDNA metabarcoding. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0279672. [PMID: 38349911 PMCID: PMC10863879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between a species feeding strategy and its environment (trophic ecology) is critical to assess environmental requirements and improve management policies. However, measuring trophic interactions remains challenging. Among the available methods, quantifying the plant composition of a species' diet indicates how species use their environment and their associated niche overlap. Nevertheless, most studies focusing on herbivore trophic ecology ignore the influence that landscape variability may have. Here, we explored how landscape variability influences diet composition through niche overlap. We used eDNA metabarcoding to quantify the diet composition of two large herbivores of the Bialowieza Forest, red deer (Cervus elaphus) and European bison (Bison bonasus) to investigate how increasing habitat quality (i.e. higher abundance of deciduous forage species) and predation risk (i.e. density of wolf in the area) influence their diet composition and niche partitioning. Our findings indicate diet composition is non-homogeneous across the landscape, both within and between species. Red deer showed greater diet variability and lower niche overlap within species compared to bison. We detected a reduction of niche overlap for red deer with increasing predation risk, leading to more dissimilar diets, suggesting their feeding behaviour is affected by wolf presence. This correlation was not found for bison, which are rarely predated by wolf. Higher habitat quality was associated with higher niche overlap only within bison, probably due to their suboptimal feeding strategy as browsers. These results show the importance of integrating environment-induced diet variation in studies aimed at determining the landscape usage or niche overlap of a species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Mas-Carrió
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Churski
- Mammal Research institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
| | - Dries Kuijper
- Mammal Research institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy, University Centre of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Baron G, Altomare A, Della Vedova L, Gado F, Quagliano O, Casati S, Tosi N, Bresciani L, Del Rio D, Roda G, D'Amato A, Lammi C, Macorano A, Vittorio S, Vistoli G, Fumagalli L, Carini M, Leone A, Marino M, Del Bo' C, Miotto G, Ursini F, Morazzoni P, Aldini G. Unraveling the parahormetic mechanism underlying the health-protecting effects of grapeseed procyanidins. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102981. [PMID: 38104483 PMCID: PMC10770607 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs), the predominant constituents within Grape Seed Extract (GSE), are intricate compounds composed of interconnected flavan-3-ol units. Renowned for their health-affirming properties, PACs offer a shield against a spectrum of inflammation associated diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, degenerations and possibly cancer. While monomeric and dimeric PACs undergo some absorption within the gastrointestinal tract, their larger oligomeric and polymeric counterparts are not bioavailable. However, higher molecular weight PACs engage with the colonic microbiota, fostering the production of bioavailable metabolites that undergo metabolic processes, culminating in the emergence of bioactive agents capable of modulating physiological processes. Within this investigation, a GSE enriched with polymeric PACs was employed to explore in detail their impact. Through comprehensive analysis, the present study unequivocally verified the gastrointestinal-mediated transformation of medium to high molecular weight polymeric PACs, thereby establishing the bioaccessibility of a principal catabolite termed 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone (VL). Notably, our findings, encompassing cell biology, chemistry and proteomics, converge to the proposal of the notion of the capacity of VL to activate, upon oxidation to the corresponding quinone, the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-an intricate process that incites cellular defenses and mitigates stress-induced responses, such as a challenge brought by TNFα. This mechanistic paradigm seamlessly aligns with the concept of para-hormesis, ultimately orchestrating the resilience to stress and the preservation of cellular redox equilibrium and homeostasis as benchmarks of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Della Vedova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - F Gado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - O Quagliano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Casati
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 37, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - N Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - L Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - D Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - G Roda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A D'Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - C Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Macorano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Vittorio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - G Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Leone
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Via Sandro Botticelli 21, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Marino
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - C Del Bo'
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - G Miotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale G. Colombo, 3, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - F Ursini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale G. Colombo, 3, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - P Morazzoni
- Divisione Nutraceutica, Distillerie Umberto Bonollo S.p.A, 35035, Mestrino, Italy
| | - G Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Ferreira D, San‐Jose LM, Roulin A, Gaigher A, Fumagalli L. Limited associations between MHC diversity and reproductive success in a bird species with biparental care. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10950. [PMID: 38384825 PMCID: PMC10879840 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The selective pressure from pathogens on individuals can have direct consequences on reproduction. Genes from the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are central to the vertebrate adaptive immune system and pathogen resistance. In species with biparental care, each sex has distinct reproductive roles and levels of investment, and due to a trade-off with immunity, one can expect different selective regimes acting upon the MHC of each parent. Here, we addressed whether couples combine each other's variation at MHC loci to increase their breeding success. Specifically, we used a 23-year dataset from a barn owl population (Tyto alba) to understand how MHC class Iα and IIβ functional divergence and supertypes of each parent were associated with clutch size and fledging success. We did not detect associations between MHC diversity and supertypes with the clutch size or with the fledging success. In addition, to understand the relative contribution from the MHC of the genetic parents and the social parents, we analyzed the fledging success using only a cross-fostered dataset. We found several associations of weak-to-moderate effect sizes between the father's MHC and fledging success: (i) lower MHC-Iα divergence in the genetic father increases fledging success, which might improve paternal care during incubation, and (ii) one and two MHC-IIβ DAB2 supertypes in the social father decrease and increase, respectively, fledging success, which may affect the paternal care after hatching. Furthermore, fledging success increased when both parents did not carry MHC-IIβ DAB1 supertype 2, which could suggest conditional effects of this supertype. Although our study relied on a substantial dataset, we showed that the associations between MHC diversity and reproductive success remain scarce and of complex interpretation in the barn owl. Moreover, our results highlighted the need to incorporate more than one proxy of reproductive success and several MHC classes to capture more complex associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ferreira
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, BiophoreUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Luis M. San‐Jose
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRSUniversité Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRDToulouseFrance
| | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, BiophoreUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Arnaud Gaigher
- CIBIO‐InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesUniversity of PortoVairãoPortugal
- Research Unit for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Department of BiologyUniversity of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, BiophoreUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy, University Centre of Legal Medicine Lausanne‐GenevaLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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Dufils T, Schran C, Chen J, Geim AK, Fumagalli L, Michaelides A. Origin of dielectric polarization suppression in confined water from first principles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:516-527. [PMID: 38179530 PMCID: PMC10763014 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04740g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the dielectric constant of confined water should be different from that in bulk. Recent experiments have shown that it is vanishingly small, however the origin of the phenomenon remains unclear. Here we used ab initio molecular dynamics simulations (AIMD) and AIMD-trained machine-learning potentials to understand water's structure and electronic properties underpinning this effect. For the graphene and hexagonal boron-nitride substrates considered, we find that it originates in the spontaneous anti-parallel alignment of the water dipoles in the first two water layers near the solid interface. The interfacial layers exhibit net ferroelectric ordering, resulting in an overall anti-ferroelectric arrangement of confined water. Together with constrained hydrogen-bonding orientations, this leads to much reduced out-of-plane polarization. Furthermore, we directly contrast AIMD and simple classical force-field simulations, revealing important differences. This work offers insight into a property of water that is critical in modulating surface forces, the electric-double-layer formation and molecular solvation, and shows a way to compute it.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dufils
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - C Schran
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
- Lennard-Jones Centre, University of Cambridge Trinity Ln Cambridge CB2 1TN UK
| | - J Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - A K Geim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - L Fumagalli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - A Michaelides
- Lennard-Jones Centre, University of Cambridge Trinity Ln Cambridge CB2 1TN UK
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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Marchi F, Kessler C, Distefano D, Terzi di Bergamo L, Fumagalli L, Averaimo M, Crupi E, Bergamini F, Melli G, Stussi G, Rossi D, Gobbi C, Ripellino P, Pravatà E, Kuhlen DE, Röcken C, Scarone P, Gerber B, Condoluci A. Prevalence of amyloid in ligamentum flavum of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Amyloid 2023; 30:416-423. [PMID: 37431662 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2023.2230516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis is often diagnosed in an advanced stage, when irreversible cardiac damage has occurred. Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) may precede cardiac ATTR amyloidosis by many years, offering the opportunity to detect ATTR already at the time of LSS surgery. We prospectively assessed the prevalence of ATTR in the ligamentum flavum by tissue biopsy in patients aged >50 years undergoing surgery for LSS. METHODS Ligamentum flavum thickness was assessed pre-operatively on axial T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) slices. Tissue samples from ligamentum flavum were screened centrally by Congo red staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS Amyloid in the ligamentum flavum was detected in 74/94 patients (78.7%). IHC revealed ATTR in 61 (64.9%), whereas amyloid subtyping was inconclusive in 13 (13.8%). Mean thickness of ligamentum flavum was significantly higher at all levels in patients with amyloid (p < .05). Patients with amyloid deposits were older (73.1 ± 9.2 vs. 64.6 ± 10.1 years, p = .01). No differences in sex, comorbidities, previous surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome or LSS were observed. CONCLUSIONS Amyloid, mostly of the ATTR subtype, was found in four out of five patients with LSS and is associated with age and ligamentum flavum thickness. Histopathological work-up of ligamentum flavum might inform future decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Marchi
- Neurosurgical Service, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Kessler
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Distefano
- Department of Neuroradiology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Luca Fumagalli
- Neurosurgical Service, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Averaimo
- Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Crupi
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Bergamini
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Giorgia Melli
- Neurology Department, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Georg Stussi
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Davide Rossi
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Gobbi
- Neurology Department, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Ripellino
- Neurology Department, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Pravatà
- Department of Neuroradiology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Dominique E Kuhlen
- Neurosurgical Service, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Pietro Scarone
- Neurosurgical Service, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Gerber
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adalgisa Condoluci
- Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Piccioni F, Spagnesi L, Pelosi P, Bignami E, Guarnieri M, Fumagalli L, Polati E, Schweiger V, Comi D, D'Andrea R, DI Marco P, Spadaro S, Antonelli S, Sollazzi L, Mirabella L, Schiavoni M, Laici C, Marelli JA, Fabiani F, Ball L, Roasio A, Servillo G, Franchi M, Murino P, Irone M, Parrini V, DE Cosmo G, Cornara G, Ruberto F, Pasta G, Ferrari L, Greco M, Cecconi M, Della Rocca G. Postoperative pulmonary complications and mortality after major abdominal surgery. An observational multicenter prospective study. Minerva Anestesiol 2023; 89:964-976. [PMID: 37671537 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.23.17382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) significantly contribute to postoperative morbidity and mortality. We conducted a study to determine the incidence of PPCs after major elective abdominal surgery and their association with early and 1-year mortality in patient without pre-existing respiratory disease. METHODS We conducted a multicenter observational prospective clinical study in 40 Italian centers. 1542 patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery were recruited in a time period of 14 days and clinically managed according to local protocol. The primary outcome was to determine the incidence of PPCs. Further, we aimed to identify independent predictors for PPCs and examine the association between PPCs and mortality. RESULTS PPCs occurred in 12.6% (95% CI 11.1-14.4%) of patients with significant differences among general (18.3%, 95% CI 15.7-21.0%), gynecological (3.7%, 95% CI 2.1-6.0%) and urological surgery (9.0%, 95% CI 6.0-12.8%). PPCs development was associated with known pre- and intraoperative risk factors. Patients who developed PPCs had longer length of hospital stay, higher risk of 30-days hospital readmission, and increased in-hospital and one-year mortality (OR 3.078, 95% CI 1.825-5.191; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of PPCs in patients without pre-existing respiratory disease undergoing elective abdominal surgery is high and associated with worse clinical outcome at one year after surgery. General surgery is associated with higher incidence of PPCs and mortality compared to gynecological and urological surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Piccioni
- Anesthesia Unit1, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy -
| | - Lorenzo Spagnesi
- Section of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Clinic, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elena Bignami
- Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marcello Guarnieri
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Polati
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vittorio Schweiger
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniela Comi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Rocco D'Andrea
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierangelo DI Marco
- Department of Clinical, Anesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Savino Spadaro
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Ferrara University Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Serena Antonelli
- Unit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico Foundation of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Liliana Sollazzi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesiology, and Resuscitation, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Roma, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Mirabella
- Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marina Schiavoni
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit1, Giovanni XXIII Polyclinic Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristiana Laici
- Postoperative and Abdominal Organ Transplant Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jlenia A Marelli
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation2, Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesia, and Resuscitation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Lariana, Como, Italy
| | - Fabio Fabiani
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Martino University Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Agostino Roasio
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, Asti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Servillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Franchi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Usl Toscana Nordovest, Versilia Hospital, Camaiore, Lucca, Italy
| | - Patrizia Murino
- Anesthesia Unit, Critical Area Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Irone
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Vieri Parrini
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, del Mugello Hospital, USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Germano DE Cosmo
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Institute, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cornara
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, ASO S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Franco Ruberto
- "Paride Stefanini" Department of General and Specialist Surgery, Umberto I Polyclinic Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Pasta
- Division of Anesthesia, Pain Medicine and Supportive Care, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferrari
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Greco
- Anesthesia Unit1, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Anesthesia Unit1, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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10
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Serenari M, Lenzi J, Cucchetti A, Cipriani F, Donadon M, Ardito F, Fazio F, Nicolini D, Iaria M, Famularo S, Perri P, Ansaloni L, Zanello M, Lai Q, Conci S, Molfino S, Ferrari C, Germani P, Zago M, Romano M, Zimmitti G, Antonucci A, Fumagalli L, Troci A, Ferraro V, Memeo R, Crespi M, Chiarelli M, Ercolani G, Hilal MA, Zanus G, Pinotti E, Tarchi P, Griseri G, Baiocchi GL, Ruzzenente A, Rossi M, Jovine E, Maestri M, Grazi GL, Romano F, Dalla Valle R, Ravaioli M, Vivarelli M, Ferrero A, Giuliante F, Torzilli G, Aldrighetti L, Cescon M. The Effect of a Liver Transplant Program on the Outcomes of Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Multicenter Analysis. Ann Surg 2023; 277:664-671. [PMID: 35766422 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a liver transplantation (LT) program on the outcomes of resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BACKGROUND Surgical treatment of HCC includes both hepatic resection (HR) and LT. However, the presence of cirrhosis and the possibility of recurrence make the management of this disease complex and probably different according to the presence of a LT program. METHODS Patients undergoing HR for HCC between January 2005 and December 2019 were identified from a national database of HCC. The main study outcomes were major surgical complications according to the Comprehensive Complication Index, posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), 90-day mortality, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes were salvage liver transplantation (SLT) and postrecurrence survival. RESULTS A total of 3202 patients were included from 25 hospitals over the study period. Three of 25 (12%) had an LT program. The presence of an LT program within a center was associated with a reduced probability of PHLF (odds ratio=0.38) but not with overall survival and disease-free survival. There was an increased probability of SLT when HR was performed in a transplant hospital (odds ratio=12.05). Among transplant-eligible patients, those who underwent LT had a significantly longer postrecurrence survival. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the presence of a LT program was associated with decreased PHLF rates and an increased probability to receive SLT in case of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Serenari
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lenzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cucchetti
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I," Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Nicolini
- HPB Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Paola Germani
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Ferraro
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Mohamed A Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Ravaioli
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Vivarelli
- HPB Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I," Turin, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Schneider J, Brun L, Taberlet P, Fumagalli L, van de Waal E. Molecular assessment of dietary variation in neighbouring primate groups. Methods Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schneider
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Loïc Brun
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Inkawu Vervet Project, Mawana Game Reserve Swart Mfolozi South Africa
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS Grenoble France
- UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum Tromsø Norway
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy, University Centre of Legal Medicine Lausanne‐Geneva Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Erica van de Waal
- Inkawu Vervet Project, Mawana Game Reserve Swart Mfolozi South Africa
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa
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12
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Famularo S, Donadon M, Cipriani F, Fazio F, Ardito F, Iaria M, Perri P, Conci S, Dominioni T, Lai Q, La Barba G, Patauner S, Molfino S, Germani P, Zimmitti G, Pinotti E, Zanello M, Fumagalli L, Ferrari C, Romano M, Delvecchio A, Valsecchi MG, Antonucci A, Piscaglia F, Farinati F, Kawaguchi Y, Hasegawa K, Memeo R, Zanus G, Griseri G, Chiarelli M, Jovine E, Zago M, Abu Hilal M, Tarchi P, Baiocchi GL, Frena A, Ercolani G, Rossi M, Maestri M, Ruzzenente A, Grazi GL, Dalla Valle R, Romano F, Giuliante F, Ferrero A, Aldrighetti L, Bernasconi DP, Torzilli G. Machine Learning Predictive Model to Guide Treatment Allocation for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Surgery. JAMA Surg 2023; 158:192-202. [PMID: 36576813 PMCID: PMC9857766 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Importance Clear indications on how to select retreatments for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still lacking. Objective To create a machine learning predictive model of survival after HCC recurrence to allocate patients to their best potential treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants Real-life data were obtained from an Italian registry of hepatocellular carcinoma between January 2008 and December 2019 after a median (IQR) follow-up of 27 (12-51) months. External validation was made on data derived by another Italian cohort and a Japanese cohort. Patients who experienced a recurrent HCC after a first surgical approach were included. Patients were profiled, and factors predicting survival after recurrence under different treatments that acted also as treatment effect modifiers were assessed. The model was then fitted individually to identify the best potential treatment. Analysis took place between January and April 2021. Exposures Patients were enrolled if treated by reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, chemoembolization, or sorafenib. Main Outcomes and Measures Survival after recurrence was the end point. Results A total of 701 patients with recurrent HCC were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 71 [9] years; 151 [21.5%] female). Of those, 293 patients (41.8%) received reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, 188 (26.8%) received sorafenib, and 220 (31.4%) received chemoembolization. Treatment, age, cirrhosis, number, size, and lobar localization of the recurrent nodules, extrahepatic spread, and time to recurrence were all treatment effect modifiers and survival after recurrence predictors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the predictive model was 78.5% (95% CI, 71.7%-85.3%) at 5 years after recurrence. According to the model, 611 patients (87.2%) would have benefited from reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, 37 (5.2%) from sorafenib, and 53 (7.6%) from chemoembolization in terms of potential survival after recurrence. Compared with patients for which the best potential treatment was reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, sorafenib and chemoembolization would be the best potential treatment for older patients (median [IQR] age, 78.5 [75.2-83.4] years, 77.02 [73.89-80.46] years, and 71.59 [64.76-76.06] years for sorafenib, chemoembolization, and reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation, respectively), with a lower median (IQR) number of multiple recurrent nodules (1.00 [1.00-2.00] for sorafenib, 1.00 [1.00-2.00] for chemoembolization, and 2.00 [1.00-3.00] for reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation). Extrahepatic recurrence was observed in 43.2% (n = 16) for sorafenib as the best potential treatment vs 14.6% (n = 89) for reoperative hepatectomy or thermoablation as the best potential treatment and 0% for chemoembolization as the best potential treatment. Those profiles were used to constitute a patient-tailored algorithm for the best potential treatment allocation. Conclusions and Relevance The herein presented algorithm should help in allocating patients with recurrent HCC to the best potential treatment according to their specific characteristics in a treatment hierarchy fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, “Vita e Salute” University, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital “Umberto I”, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Dominioni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano La Barba
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Yoshikuni Kawaguchi
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit-Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Moh’d Abu Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital “Umberto I”, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, “Vita e Salute” University, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide P. Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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13
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Mascheretti S, Forni D, Lampis V, Fumagalli L, Paquin S, Andlauer TFM, Wang W, Dionne G, Brendgen MR, Vitaro F, Ouellet-Morin I, Rouleau G, Gouin JP, Côté S, Tremblay RE, Turecki G, Garon-Carrier G, Boivin M, Battaglia M. Adolescent anxiety and pain problems: A joint, genome-wide investigation and pathway-based analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285263. [PMID: 37146008 PMCID: PMC10162554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both common pain and anxiety problems are widespread, debilitating and often begin in childhood-adolescence. Twin studies indicate that this co-occurrence is likely due to shared elements of risk, rather than reciprocal causation. A joint genome-wide investigation and pathway/network-based analysis of adolescent anxiety and pain problems can identify genetic pathways that subserve shared etiopathogenetic mechanisms. Pathway-based analyses were performed in the independent samples of: The Quebec Newborn Twin Study (QNTS; 246 twin pairs and 321 parents), the Longitudinal Study of Child Development in Quebec (QLSCD; n = 754), and in the combined QNTS and QLSCD sample. Multiple suggestive associations (p<1×10-5), and several enriched pathways were found after FDR correction for both phenotypes in the QNTS; many nominally-significant enriched pathways overlapped between pain problems and anxiety symptoms (uncorrected p<0.05) and yielded results consistent with previous studies of pain or anxiety. The QLSCD and the combined QNTS and QLSCD sample yielded similar findings. We replicated an association between the pathway involved in the regulation of myotube differentiation (GO:0010830) and both pain and anxiety problems in the QLSDC and the combined QNTS and QLSCD sample. Although limited by sample size and thus power, these data provide an initial support to conjoint molecular investigations of adolescent pain and anxiety problems. Understanding the etiology underlying pain and anxiety co-occurrence in this age range is relevant to address the nature of comorbidity and its developmental pathways, and shape intervention. The replication across samples implies that these effects are reliable and possess external validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mascheretti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Diego Forni
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Valentina Lampis
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Stéphane Paquin
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Complex Interventions Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ginette Dionne
- Ecole de Psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Mara R Brendgen
- Département de Psychologie, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- Research Unit for Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Psycho-Éducation, Université de Montréal, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Ouellet-Morin
- School of Criminology, University of Montreal & Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guy Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sylvana Côté
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Départements de Pédiatrie et de Psychologie, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Michel Boivin
- Ecole de Psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marco Battaglia
- Child, Youth and Emerging Adults Programme Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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14
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Brun L, Schneider J, Carrió EM, Dongre P, Taberlet P, Waal VD, Fumagalli L. Focal vs. fecal: Seasonal variation in the diet of wild vervet monkeys from observational and
DNA
metabarcoding data. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9358. [PMID: 36203642 PMCID: PMC9526031 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Brun
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Judith Schneider
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Eduard Mas Carrió
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Pooja Dongre
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Inkawu Vervet Project Mawana Game Reserve, Swart Mfolozi KwaZulu Natal South Africa
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS Grenoble France
- UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum Tromsø Norway
| | - van de Waal
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Inkawu Vervet Project Mawana Game Reserve, Swart Mfolozi KwaZulu Natal South Africa
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy, University Centre of Legal Medicine Lausanne‐Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
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15
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Famularo S, Russolillo N, Donadon M, Cipriani F, Ardito F, Perri P, Giani A, De Stefano F, Lai Q, Molfino S, Zanello M, Iaria M, La Barba G, Pinotti E, Germani P, Conci S, Ferrari C, Fumagalli L, Romano M, Antonucci A, Zimmitti G, Troci A, Floridi A, Ferraro V, Patauner S, Frena A, Memeo R, Crespi M, Hilal MA, Zanus G, Chiarelli M, Percivale A, Ruzzenente A, Tarchi P, Zago M, Ercolani G, Dalla Valle R, Jovine E, Baiocchi GL, Rossi M, Maestri M, Romano F, Grazi GL, Giuliante F, Aldrighetti L, Ferrero A, Torzilli G. Benchmarking postoperative outcomes after open liver surgery for cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in a national cohort. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:1365-1375. [PMID: 35293320 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benchmark analysis for open liver surgery for cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still undefined. METHODS Patients were identified from the Italian national registry HE.RC.O.LE.S. The Achievable Benchmark of Care (ABC) method was employed to identify the benchmarks. The outcomes assessed were the rate of complications, major comorbidities, post-operative ascites (POA), post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), 90-day mortality. Benchmarking was stratified for surgical complexity (CP1, CP2 and CP3). RESULTS A total of 978 of 2698 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 431 (44.1%) patients were treated with CP1 procedures, 239 (24.4%) with CP2 and 308 (31.5%) with CP3 procedures. Patients submitted to CP1 had a worse underlying liver function, while the tumor burden was more severe in CP3 cases. The ABC for complications (13.1%, 19.2% and 28.1% for CP1, CP2 and CP3 respectively), major complications (7.6%, 11.1%, 12.5%) and 90-day mortality (0%, 3.3%, 3.6%) increased with the surgical difficulty, but not POA (4.4%, 3.3% and 2.6% respectively) and PHLF (0% for all groups). CONCLUSION We propose benchmarks for open liver resections in HCC cirrhotic patients, stratified for surgical complexity. The difference between the benchmark values and the results obtained during everyday practice reflects the room for potential growth, with the aim to encourage constant improvement among liver surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Nadia Russolillo
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca De Stefano
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuliano La Barba
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Ferraro
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mohammed A Hilal
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Surgical Clinics, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | | | - Elio Jovine
- Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS at Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Rossi
- Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrero
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery, Mauriziano Hospital "Umberto I", Turin, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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16
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Prouse G, Ettorre L, Mongelli F, Demundo D, van den Berg JC, Catanese C, Fumagalli L, Usai C, Spinedi L, Riva F, Bertoni MV, Giovannacci L. SOFA Score as a Reliable Tool to Detect High Risk for Venous Thrombosis in Patients With Critical Stage SARS-CoV-2. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:729298. [PMID: 34778398 PMCID: PMC8581480 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.729298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome from coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Different anticoagulation protocols have been applied in several studies in the absence of clear evidence. A reliable deep venous thrombosis (DVT) indicator in critical patients with SARS-CoV-2 could guide the anticoagulation treatment; however, it has not yet been identified, and clinical applicability of the most common markers is debatable. The aim of our study was to determine the actual incidence of DVT in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 patients and to find a reliable tool to identify patients who might benefit from therapeutic-intensity anticoagulation. Methods: From March 1, 2020 to May 31, 2020, all patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for SARS-CoV-2 at Ospedale Regionale di Locarno, Locarno, Switzerland, were prospectively enrolled and screened daily with ultrasound for DVT. Following international consensus, a higher-intensity thromboprophylaxis was administered to all patients who were not at increased risk for bleeding. Sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated and time-to-DVT event in a COX proportional-hazard regression model was performed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine sensitivity and specificity and the Youden's Index to establish the best threshold. Results: A total of 96 patients were enrolled. Deep venous thrombosis was detected in 37% of patients. Sepsis-induced coagulopathy and SOFA scores were both correlated to DVT. A SIC score of 1 vs. ≥2 showed a close association with DVT, with sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 90.0, 48.1, and 49.1, and 89.7%, respectively. Most significantly though, a SOFA score of 1 or 2 points was shown to be the most accurate value in predicting the absence of DVT, indicating no need for therapeutic-intensity anticoagulation. Its sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 87.9, 100, and 100, and 93.7%, respectively. The D-dimer test showed lower sensitivity and specificity whereas platelet count and aPTT were not found to be correlated to DVT. Conclusions: Patients with SOFA scores of 1 or 2 are at low risk of developing DVT and do not require therapeutic-intensity anticoagulation. Conversely, patients with scores ≥3 are at high risk of developing DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Prouse
- Service of Vascular Surgery, Centro Vascolare Ticino, Ospedali Regionali di Lugano, Bellinzona e Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Ludovica Ettorre
- Service of Vascular Surgery, Centro Vascolare Ticino, Ospedali Regionali di Lugano, Bellinzona e Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Mongelli
- Department of Surgery, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Demundo
- Istituto di Imaging Della Svizzera Italiana, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Jos C van den Berg
- Istituto di Imaging Della Svizzera Italiana, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Carola Catanese
- Istituto di Imaging Della Svizzera Italiana, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Surgery, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Usai
- Istituto di Imaging Della Svizzera Italiana, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Luca Spinedi
- Service of Angiology, Ospedale Regionale di Locarno, Locarno, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Riva
- Service of Vascular Surgery, Centro Vascolare Ticino, Ospedali Regionali di Lugano, Bellinzona e Locarno, Switzerland
| | | | - Luca Giovannacci
- Service of Vascular Surgery, Centro Vascolare Ticino, Ospedali Regionali di Lugano, Bellinzona e Locarno, Switzerland
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17
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Famularo S, Donadon M, Cipriani F, Ardito F, Iaria M, Carissimi F, Perri P, Dominioni T, Zanello M, Conci S, Molfino S, D'Acapito F, Germani P, Ferrari C, Patauner S, Pinotti E, Sciannamea I, Garatti M, Lodo E, Troci A, Delvecchio A, Floridi A, Bernasconi DP, Fumagalli L, Chiarelli M, Memeo R, Crespi M, Zanus G, Zimmitti G, Antonucci A, Zago M, Frena A, Griseri G, Tarchi P, Ercolani G, Baiocchi GL, Ruzzenente A, Jovine E, Maestri M, Grazi G, Valle RD, Giuliante F, Aldrighetti L, Romano F, Torzilli G. The Impact of Postoperative Ascites on Survival After Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a National Study. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:2823-2834. [PMID: 33751404 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-021-04952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative ascites (POA) is the most common complication after liver surgery for hepatocarcinoma (HCC), but its impact on survival is not reported. The aim of the study is to investigate its impact on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and secondarily to identify the factors that may predict the occurrence. METHOD Data were collected from 23 centers participating in the Italian Surgical HCC Register (HE.RC.O.LE.S. Group) between 2008 and 2018. POA was defined as ≥500 ml of ascites in the drainage after surgery. Survival analysis was conducted by the Kaplan Meier method. Risk adjustment analysis was conducted by Cox regression to investigate the risk factors for mortality and recurrence. RESULTS Among 2144 patients resected for HCC, 1871(88.5%) patients did not experience POA while 243(11.5%) had the complication. Median OS for NO-POA group was not reached, while it was 50 months (95%CI = 41-71) for those with POA (p < 0.001). POA independently increased the risk of mortality (HR = 1.696, 95%CI = 1.352-2.129, p < 0.001). Relapse risk after surgery was not predicted by the occurrence of POA. Presence of varices (OR = 2.562, 95%CI = 0.921-1.822, p < 0.001) and bilobar disease (OR = 1.940, 95%CI = 0.921-1.822, p: 0.004) were predictors of POA, while laparoscopic surgery was protective (OR = 0.445, 95%CI = 0.295-0.668, p < 0.001). Ninety-day mortality was higher in the POA group (9.1% vs 1.9% in NO-POA group, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The occurrence of POA after surgery for HCC strongly increases the risk of long-term mortality and its occurrence is relatively frequent. More efforts in surgical planning should be made to limit its occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Famularo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
- Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cipriani
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardito
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iaria
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Carissimi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Pasquale Perri
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Dominioni
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanello
- Department of Surgery, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Conci
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Molfino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio D'Acapito
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Paola Germani
- Surgical Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Stefan Patauner
- Department of Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Enrico Pinotti
- Department of Surgery, Ponte San Pietro Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Marco Garatti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Lodo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Albert Troci
- Department of Surgery, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Paolo Bernasconi
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, Miulli Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Science (DISCOG), University of Padua, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit - Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zimmitti
- Department of General Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Zago
- Department of Emergency and Robotic Surgery, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Antonio Frena
- Department of Surgery, Bolzano Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Guido Griseri
- HPB Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
| | - Paola Tarchi
- Surgical Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ercolani
- General and Oncologic Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Department of Surgery, AOU Sant'Orsola Malpighi, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery 1, University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - GianLuca Grazi
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreatic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Felice Giuliante
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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18
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Ren G, Zhang X, Li Y, Ridout K, Serrano-Serrano ML, Yang Y, Liu A, Ravikanth G, Nawaz MA, Mumtaz AS, Salamin N, Fumagalli L. Large-scale whole-genome resequencing unravels the domestication history of Cannabis sativa. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/29/eabg2286. [PMID: 34272249 PMCID: PMC8284894 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis sativa has long been an important source of fiber extracted from hemp and both medicinal and recreational drugs based on cannabinoid compounds. Here, we investigated its poorly known domestication history using whole-genome resequencing of 110 accessions from worldwide origins. We show that C. sativa was first domesticated in early Neolithic times in East Asia and that all current hemp and drug cultivars diverged from an ancestral gene pool currently represented by feral plants and landraces in China. We identified candidate genes associated with traits differentiating hemp and drug cultivars, including branching pattern and cellulose/lignin biosynthesis. We also found evidence for loss of function of genes involved in the synthesis of the two major biochemically competing cannabinoids during selection for increased fiber production or psychoactive properties. Our results provide a unique global view of the domestication of C. sativa and offer valuable genomic resources for ongoing functional and molecular breeding research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpeng Ren
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science and Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science and Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science and Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kate Ridout
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Oxford Molecular Diagnostics Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martha L Serrano-Serrano
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science and Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science and Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Gudasalamani Ravikanth
- Suri Sehgal Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Royal Enclave Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Muhammad Ali Nawaz
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad Mumtaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nicolas Salamin
- Department of Computational Biology, Génopode, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Centre Universitaire Romand de Médecine Légale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois et Université de Lausanne, Chemin de la Vulliette 4, 1000 Lausanne 25, Switzerland
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19
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Maggiolo F, Gianotti N, Comi L, Di Filippo E, Fumagalli L, Nozza S, Galli L, Valenti D, Rizzi M, Castagna A. Rilpivirine plus cobicistat-boosted darunavir as a two-drug switch regimen in HIV-infected, virologically suppressed subjects on steady standard three-drug therapy: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial (PROBE 2). J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 75:1332-1337. [PMID: 32129855 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored the combination of rilpivirine plus cobicistat-boosted darunavir [a two-drug regimen (2DR)] when switching from standard triple combined ART. METHODS In this randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial, participants had an HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL on a stable (>6 months) three-drug regimen. The primary endpoint was proportion with HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL at Week 24 (snapshot algorithm), with a -12% non-inferiority margin. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04064632. RESULTS One hundred and sixty patients were allocated (1:1) to 2DR or to continue current ART (CAR). At Week 24, 72 (90.0%) of participants with 2DR and 75 (93.8%) with CAR maintained HIV-RNA <50 copies/mL [difference -3.75% (95% CI = -11.63 to 5.63)], confirming non-inferiority. Non-inferiority was confirmed considering an HIV-RNA >50 copies/mL (0% for 2DR; 3.7% for CAR; 95% CI = -0.4 to 7.9). Four patients reported adverse events not leading to treatment discontinuation (one patient in the 2DR group and three patients in the CAR group); eight subjects discontinued therapy in the 2DR group and three in the CAR group. With 2DR, lipid serum concentrations increased, but differences were statistically significant only for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing CAR and in 2DR patients receiving a pre-switch regimen including tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Median bone stiffness decreased in the CAR group from 86.1 g/cm2 (IQR = 74-98) to 83.2 g/cm2 (IQR = 74-97) and increased in the 2DR group from 84.9 g/cm2 (IQR = 74-103) to 85.5 g/cm2 (IQR = 74-101). The reduction within the CAR group was significant (P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Once-daily rilpivirine plus cobicistat-boosted darunavir is an effective 2DR that combines a high virological efficacy with a potential to avoid major NRTI toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Maggiolo
- ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - N Gianotti
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Comi
- ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - L Fumagalli
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Nozza
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Galli
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - M Rizzi
- ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - A Castagna
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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20
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Dal Molin A, Fumagalli L, Nocente M, Rigamonti D, Tardocchi M, Giacomelli L, Panontin E, Lvovskiy A, Paz-Soldan C, Edietis NW, Gorini G. Novel compact hard x-ray spectrometer with MCps counting rate capabilities for runaway electron measurements on DIII-D. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:043517. [PMID: 34243482 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel compact spectrometer optimized for the measurement of hard x rays generated by runaway electrons is presented. The detector is designed to be installed in the fan-shaped collimator of the gamma-ray imager diagnostic at the DIII-D tokamak. The spectrometer is based on a 1 × 1 cm2 cerium doped yttrium aluminum perovskite scintillator crystal coupled with a silicon photomultiplier. The detector dynamic energy range is in excess of 10 MeV, with an energy resolution of ∼10% at 661.7 keV. The fast detector signal (≈70 ns full width at half maximum) allows for operation at counting rates in excess of 1 MCps. The gain stability of the system can be monitored in real time using a light-emitting diode embedded in the instrument. The detector is expected to be deployed in the forthcoming DIII-D runaway electron experimental campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dal Molin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - L Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - D Rigamonti
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, CNR, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - M Tardocchi
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, CNR, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - L Giacomelli
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, CNR, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - E Panontin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - A Lvovskiy
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92127, USA
| | - C Paz-Soldan
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92127, USA
| | - N W Edietis
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92127, USA
| | - G Gorini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
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21
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Yannic G, Helfer V, Sermier R, Schmidt BR, Fumagalli L. Fine scale genetic structure in fire salamanders (Salamandra salamandra) along a rural-to-urban gradient. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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22
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Woods CR, Ares P, Nevison-Andrews H, Holwill MJ, Fabregas R, Guinea F, Geim AK, Novoselov KS, Walet NR, Fumagalli L. Charge-polarized interfacial superlattices in marginally twisted hexagonal boron nitride. Nat Commun 2021; 12:347. [PMID: 33436620 PMCID: PMC7804449 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
When two-dimensional crystals are brought into close proximity, their interaction results in reconstruction of electronic spectrum and crystal structure. Such reconstruction strongly depends on the twist angle between the crystals, which has received growing attention due to interesting electronic and optical properties that arise in graphene and transitional metal dichalcogenides. Here we study two insulating crystals of hexagonal boron nitride stacked at small twist angle. Using electrostatic force microscopy, we observe ferroelectric-like domains arranged in triangular superlattices with a large surface potential. The observation is attributed to interfacial elastic deformations that result in out-of-plane dipoles formed by pairs of boron and nitrogen atoms belonging to opposite interfacial surfaces. This creates a bilayer-thick ferroelectric with oppositely polarized (BN and NB) dipoles in neighbouring domains, in agreement with our modeling. These findings open up possibilities for designing van der Waals heterostructures and offer an alternative probe to study moiré-superlattice electrostatic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Woods
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - P Ares
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - H Nevison-Andrews
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - M J Holwill
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - R Fabregas
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - F Guinea
- Imdea Nanociencia, Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - A K Geim
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - K S Novoselov
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Liangjiang New Area, 400714, Chongqing, China
| | - N R Walet
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - L Fumagalli
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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23
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Ferreri AJM, Cattaneo C, Lleshi A, Verga L, Allione B, Facchetti F, Ponzoni M, Foppoli M, Ferrari D, Rigacci L, Pecciarini L, Donadoni G, Fumagalli L, Sassone M, Calimeri T, Rossi G, Spina M, Re A. A dose-dense short-term therapy for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with high-risk Burkitt lymphoma or high-grade B-cell lymphoma: safety and efficacy results of the "CARMEN" phase II trial. Br J Haematol 2020; 192:119-128. [PMID: 33085777 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A few prospective trials in HIV-positive patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) or high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) have been reported. Investigated therapies have shown good efficacy but relevant safety problems, with high rates of interruptions, severe mucositis, septic complications, and fungal infections. Here, we report the results of a multicentre phase II trial addressing a new dose-dense, short-term therapy aimed at maintaining efficacy and improving tolerability. The experimental programme included a 36-day polychemotherapy induction followed by high-dose cytarabine-based consolidation and response-tailored BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cyatarabine, and melphalan)- conditioned autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). This therapy would be considered active if ≥11 complete remissions (CR) after induction (primary endpoint) were recorded among 20 assessable patients. HIV-positive adults (median age 42, range 26-58; 16 males) with untreated BL (n = 16), HGBL (n = 3) or double-hit lymphoma (n = 1) were enrolled. All patients had high-risk features, with meningeal and bone marrow infiltration in five and nine patients respectively. The experimental programme was safe and active in a multicentre setting, with only two episodes of grade 4 non-haematological toxicity (hepatotoxicity and mucositis), and no cases of systemic fungal infections; two patients died of toxicity (bacterial infections). Response after induction (median duration: 47 days; interquartile range 41-54), was complete in 13 patients and partial in five [overall response rate = 90%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 77-100]. All responders received consolidation, and five required autologous stem cell transplant. At a median follow-up of 55 (41-89) months, 14 patients are relapse-free and 15 are alive, with a five-year progression-free survival and an overall survival of 70% (95% CI = 60-80%) and 75% (95% CI = 66-84) respectively. No patient with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/meningeal lymphoma experienced central nervous system recurrence. With respect to previously reported regimens, this programme was delivered in a shorter period, and achieved the main goal of maintaining efficacy and improving tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés J M Ferreri
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cattaneo
- Division of Hematology, Ospedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arben Lleshi
- Division of Medical Oncology and Immune-related tumors, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Luisa Verga
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Foppoli
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daris Ferrari
- Division of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera San Paolo, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Rigacci
- Division of Hematology, Ospedale Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Donadoni
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Sassone
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Calimeri
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- Division of Hematology, Ospedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michele Spina
- Division of Medical Oncology and Immune-related tumors, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Alessandro Re
- Division of Hematology, Ospedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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24
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Tagliabue F, Burati M, Chiarelli M, Fumagalli L, Guttadauro A, Arborio E, De Simone M, Cioffi U. Robotic vs laparoscopic right colectomy – the burden of age and comorbidity in perioperative outcomes: An observational study. World J Gastrointest Surg 2020; 12:287-297. [PMID: 32774767 PMCID: PMC7385514 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i6.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown the safety, feasibility and oncologic adequacy of robotic right hemicolectomy (RRH). Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRH) is considered technically challenging. Robotic surgery has been introduced to overcome this technical limitation, but it is related to high costs. To maximize the benefits of such surgery, only selected patients are candidates for this technique. In addition, due to progressive aging of the population, an increasing number of minimally invasive procedures are performed on elderly patients with severe comorbidities, who are usually more prone to post-operative complications.
AIM To investigate the outcomes of RRH vs LRH with regard to age and comorbidities.
METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 123 minimally invasive procedures (68 LRHs vs 55 RRHs) for right colon cancer or endoscopically unresectable adenoma performed in our Center from January 2014 until September 2019. The surgical procedures were performed according to standardized techniques. The primary clinical outcome of the study was the length of hospital stay (LOS) measured in days. Secondary outcomes were time to first flatus (TFF) and time to first stool evacuation. The robotic technique was considered the exposure and the laparoscopic technique was considered the control. Routine demographic variables were obtained, including age at time of surgery and gender. Body mass index and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status were registered. The age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) was calculated; the tumor-node-metastasis system, intra-operative variables and post-operative complications were recorded. Post-operative follow-up was 180 d.
RESULTS LOS, TFF, and time to first stool were significantly shorter in the robotic group: Median 6 [interquartile range (IQR) 5-8] vs 7 (IQR 6-10.5) d, P = 0.028; median 2 (IQR 1-3) vs 3 (IQR 2-4) d, P < 0.001; median 4 (IQR 3-5) vs 5 (IQR 4-6.5) d, P = 0.005, respectively. Following multivariable analysis, the robotic technique was confirmed to be predictive of significantly shorter hospitalization and faster restoration of bowel function; in addition the dichotomous variables of age over 75 years and ACCI more than 7 were significant predictors of hospital stay. No outcomes were significantly associated with Clavien-Dindo grading. Sub-group analysis demonstrated that patients aged over 75 years had a longer LOS (median 6 -IQR 5-8- vs 7 -IQR 6-12- d, P = 0.013) and later TFF (median 2 -IQR 1-3- vs 3 -IQR 2-4- d, P = 0.008), while patients with ACCI more than 7 were only associated with a prolonged hospital stay (median 7 -IQR 5-8- vs 7 -IQR 6-14.5- d, P = 0.036).
CONCLUSION RRH is related to shorter LOS when compared with the laparoscopic approach, but older age and several comorbidities tend to reduce its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Tagliabue
- Department of Robotic and Emergency Surgery, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Morena Burati
- Department of Robotic and Emergency Surgery, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarelli
- Department of Robotic and Emergency Surgery, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Robotic and Emergency Surgery, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | - Angelo Guttadauro
- Department of Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Elisa Arborio
- Department of Robotic and Emergency Surgery, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Lecco 23900, Italy
| | | | - Ugo Cioffi
- Department of Surgery, University of Milan, Milano 20122, Italy
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25
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Roder S, Biollaz F, Mettaz S, Zimmermann F, Manz R, Kéry M, Vignali S, Fumagalli L, Arlettaz R, Braunisch V. Deer density drives habitat use of establishing wolves in the Western European Alps. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Roder
- Division of Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - François Biollaz
- Division of Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Mettaz
- Division of Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Ralph Manz
- KORACarnivore Ecology and Wildlife Management Muri Switzerland
| | - Marc Kéry
- Swiss Ornithological Institute Sempach Switzerland
| | - Sergio Vignali
- Division of Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Arlettaz
- Division of Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Swiss Ornithological Institute Sempach Switzerland
| | - Veronika Braunisch
- Division of Conservation Biology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Germany
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26
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Uccella L, Bongetta D, Fumagalli L, Raffa G, Zoia C. Acute alcohol intoxication as a confounding factor for mild traumatic brain injury. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2127-2134. [PMID: 32125539 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute alcohol intoxication is universally considered a risk factor for traumatic brain injury (TBI), therefore an indication for head CT scan. There is no evidence in the literature for this attitude. Aim of this study is to assess the need for head CT scan in acutely alcohol-intoxicated subjects with mTBI and the role of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score in this kind of patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed all 3358 consecutive patients presenting to our department in Switzerland, with TBI as chief complaint between January 2014 and January 2018. RESULTS Alcohol was a statistically significant factor for presentation with a GCS score lower than 15. As for bleedings in mild TBI patients, the results were somewhat contradictory with GCS 15 patients showing a higher percentage of hemorrhages than GCS 14 patients. By dividing alcohol-intoxicated subjects into groups per blood alcohol concentration, the higher was the alcohol level, the lower the GCS score. CONCLUSIONS We can affirm that GCS score is underestimated in acutely intoxicated head trauma patients. In this kind of patient, alcohol is a confounding factor and mild TBI could be safely managed by watchful waiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Uccella
- Surgery and Emergency Department, Ospedale Civico, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Bongetta
- Department of Neurosurgery, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Surgery and Emergency Department, Ospedale Civico, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Raffa
- Division of Neurosurgery, BIOMORF Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cesare Zoia
- Neurosurgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
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Reis ACV, Kusamura S, Azmi N, Fumagalli L, Piccioni F, Valenza F, Baratti D, Guaglio M, Cavalleri A, Garrone G, Barretta F, Deraco M. Hemodynamic and respiratory implications of high intra-abdominal pressure during HIPEC. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:1896-1901. [PMID: 32147425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND cytoreduction surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is currently the standard of care for some peritoneal surface malignancies. There is experimental evidence supporting that high Intra Abdominal Pressure (IAP) during HIPEC could enhance the uptake of drugs by tumor tissues. However, few papers are describing the hemodynamic and respiratory effects of increased IAP during HIPEC. AIMS to evaluate the hemodynamic and respiratory association with different IAPs during HIPEC. METHODS This is part of an IRB board approved prospective randomized controlled trial conducted at The National Tumor Institute of Milan from 2014 to 2017 (NCT0294979). Patients diagnosed with Pseudomyxoma (PMP) or Peritoneal Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer (PM-CRC) were submitted to CRS and then randomized to receive low IAP (8-12 mmHg) or high IAP (18-22 mmHg) HIPEC. Hemodynamic and respiratory data were collected in eight different time-points during the whole procedure. RESULTS 33 patients (n low = 15, n high = 18) with PM-CRC and PMP were analysed. The mean IAP in the low IAP HIPEC group was 11.4 mmHg (SD: 2.5) and 18.1 mmHg (SD: 2.5) in the high IAP HIPEC group (p«0.001). There was no difference in the hemodynamic parameters between both groups, except for the central venous pressure (CVP) that was significantly higher in the high IAP group (p = 0.006). High IAP was well tolerated in the experimental arm with no hemodynamic and ventilation instability observed during the intervention. CONCLUSION We conclude that high IAP at the level of 18-22 mmHg during HIPEC has no significant hemodynamic parameters difference, being feasible and safe in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur C V Reis
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy; Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São José Dos Campos, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Shigeki Kusamura
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Norfarizan Azmi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Anesthesiology Unit, Italy
| | - Federico Piccioni
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Anesthesiology Unit, Italy
| | - Franco Valenza
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Anesthesiology Unit, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Baratti
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Marcello Guaglio
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Adalberto Cavalleri
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Laboratory of Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Italy
| | - Giulia Garrone
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Laboratory of Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Italy
| | - Francesco Barretta
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Deraco
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy.
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28
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Leung LWL, Unadkat P, Bertotti MM, Bi WL, Essayed WI, Bunevicius A, Chavakula V, Rigolo L, Fumagalli L, Tie Z, Golby AJ, Tie Y. Clinical Utility of Preoperative Bilingual Language fMRI Mapping in Patients with Brain Tumors. J Neuroimaging 2020; 30:175-183. [PMID: 32037662 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous literature has demonstrated disparity in the postoperative recovery of first and second language function of bilingual neurosurgical patients. However, it is unclear to whether preoperative brain mapping of both languages is needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of language task functional MRI (fMRI) implemented in both languages in bilingual patients. METHODS We retrospectively examined fMRI data of 13 bilingual brain tumor patients (age: 23 to 59 years) who performed antonym generation task-based fMRIs in English and non-English language. The usefulness of bilingual language mapping was evaluated using a structured survey administered to 5 neurosurgeons. Additionally, quantitative comparison between the brain activation maps of both languages was performed. RESULTS Survey responses revealed differences in raters' surgical approach, including asleep versus awake surgery and extent of resection, after viewing the language fMRI maps. Additional non-English fMRI led to changes in surgical decision-making and bettered localization of language areas. Quantitative analysis revealed an increase in laterality index (LI) in non-English fMRI compared to English fMRI. The Dice coefficient demonstrated fair overlap (.458 ± .160) between the activation maps. CONCLUSION Bilingual fMRI mapping of bilingual patients allows to better appreciate functionally active language areas that may be neglected in single language mapping. Utility of bilingual mapping was supported by changes in both surgical approach and LI measurements, suggesting its benefit on preoperative language mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Wa Laura Leung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Prashin Unadkat
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Melina More Bertotti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Hospital Unimed São José, Brazil
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Walid Ibn Essayed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Adomas Bunevicius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vamsidhar Chavakula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laura Rigolo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Neurosurgery Clinic, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ziyun Tie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Alexandra J Golby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yanmei Tie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Dufresnes C, Pribille M, Alard B, Gonçalves H, Amat F, Crochet PA, Dubey S, Perrin N, Fumagalli L, Vences M, Martínez-Solano I. Integrating hybrid zone analyses in species delimitation: lessons from two anuran radiations of the Western Mediterranean. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 124:423-438. [PMID: 31959977 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-0294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular ecologists often rely on phylogenetic evidence for assessing the species-level systematics of newly discovered lineages. Alternatively, the extent of introgression at phylogeographic transitions can provide a more direct test to assign candidate taxa into subspecies or species categories. Here, we compared phylogenetic versus hybrid zone approaches of species delimitation in two groups of frogs from the Western Mediterranean region (Discoglossus and Pelodytes), by using genomic data (ddRAD). In both genera, coalescent analyses recovered almost all nominal taxa as "species". However, the least-diverged pairs D. g. galganoi/jeanneae and P. punctatus/hespericus admix over hundreds of kilometers, suggesting that they have not yet developed strong reproductive isolation and should be treated as conspecifics. In contrast, the comparatively older D. scovazzi/pictus and P. atlanticus/ibericus form narrow contact zones, consistent with species distinctiveness. Due to their complementarity, we recommend taxonomists to combine phylogenomics with hybrid zone analyses to scale the gray zone of speciation, i.e., the evolutionary window separating widely admixing lineages versus nascent reproductively isolated species. The radically different transitions documented here conform to the view that genetic incompatibilities accumulating with divergence generate a weak barrier to gene flow for long periods of time, until their effects multiply and the speciation process then advances rapidly. Given the variability of the gray zone among taxonomic groups, at least from our current abilities to measure it, we recommend to customize divergence thresholds within radiations to categorize lineages for which no direct test of speciation is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. .,Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Hintermann & Weber, Montreux, Switzerland.
| | - Manon Pribille
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bérénice Alard
- CIBIO-InBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Helena Gonçalves
- CIBIO-InBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Museu de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fèlix Amat
- Àrea d'Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers-Ciències Naturals, Francesc Macià 51, 08400, Granollers, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pierre-André Crochet
- CEFE, CNRS, University of Montpellier, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Dubey
- Hintermann & Weber, Montreux, Switzerland.,Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,AgroSustain SA, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Perrin
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Vences
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Iñigo Martínez-Solano
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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30
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Previtali P, Fiore M, Colombo J, Arendar I, Fumagalli L, Pizzocri M, Colombo C, Rampello NN, Mariani L, Gronchi A, Codazzi D. Malnutrition and Perioperative Nutritional Support in Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Patients: Results from a Prospective Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 27:2025-2032. [PMID: 31848820 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RPSs) are mesenchymal neoplasms. The prevalence of protein energetic malnutrition (PEM) and its impact in RPS patients who were candidates for surgery is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective feasibility study enrolled 35 patients with primary RPS who were candidates for extended multivisceral resection. PEM was screened at enrollment. Preoperative high protein β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate oral nutritional support (ONS) was provided according to the degree of PEM. After surgery, nutritional support followed standard practice, targeting at least 1 g/kg/day protein and 20 kcal/kg/day caloric intake within the third postoperative day (POD). PEM was re-evaluated before surgery on POD 10, and at 4 and 12 months after surgery. Primary outcomes were the patient's compliance to preoperative ONS and the physician's compliance to postoperative nutritional targets. RESULTS PEM was documented in 46% of patients at baseline; ONS met a 91% adherence (overall well tolerated). After ONS, PEM reduced to 38% (p = 0.45). The postoperative caloric target was reached on day 4.1 (standard error ± 2.7), with a protocol adherence rate of 52%. On POD 10, 91% of patients experienced PEM, the worsening of which was greater after resection of four or more organs (p = 0.06). At 4 and 12 months after surgery, almost all patients had fully recovered. A significant correlation between PEM at surgery and postoperative complications was found (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Relevant PEM prevalence in RPS is documented for the first time. PEM correlates with greater morbidity. In this setting, preoperative ONS was feasible and well-tolerated. Disease-related factors for PEM and the ideal perioperative caloric target in the context of extended multivisceral resection need to be further investigated. Nutritional support should be included in enhanced recovery after surgery programs for RPS. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03877588.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Previtali
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive and Palliative Care, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Fiore
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Colombo
- Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Unit, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Irina Arendar
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive and Palliative Care, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive and Palliative Care, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Pizzocri
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive and Palliative Care, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Colombo
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò N Rampello
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics, Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gronchi
- Sarcoma Service, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Codazzi
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive and Palliative Care, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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32
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Gaigher A, Burri R, San-Jose LM, Roulin A, Fumagalli L. Lack of statistical power as a major limitation in understanding MHC-mediated immunocompetence in wild vertebrate populations. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:5115-5132. [PMID: 31614047 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Disentangling the sources of variation in developing an effective immune response against pathogens is of major interest to immunoecology and evolutionary biology. To date, the link between immunocompetence and genetic variation at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has received little attention in wild animals, despite the key role of MHC genes in activating the adaptive immune system. Although several studies point to a link between MHC and immunocompetence, negative findings have also been reported. Such disparate findings suggest that limited statistical power might be affecting studies on this topic, owing to insufficient sample sizes and/or a generally small effect of MHC on the immunocompetence of wild vertebrates. To clarify this issue, we investigated the link between MHC variation and seven immunocompetence proxies in a large sample of barn owls and estimated the effect sizes and statistical power of this and published studies on this topic. We found that MHC poorly explained variation in immunocompetence of barn owls, with small-to-moderate associations between MHC and immunocompetence in owls (effect size: .1 ≥ r ≤ .3) similar to other vertebrates studied to date. Such small-to-moderate effects were largely associated with insufficient power, which was only sufficient (>0.8) to detect moderate-to-large effect sizes (r ≥ .3). Thus, studies linking MHC variation with immunocompetence in wild populations are underpowered to detect MHC effects, which are likely to be of generally small magnitude. Larger sample sizes (>200) will be required to achieve sufficient power in future studies aiming to robustly test for a link between MHC variation and immunocompetence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Gaigher
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Computational Biology, Génopode, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Reto Burri
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Ecology & Evolution, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Luis M San-Jose
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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33
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Piccioni F, Codazzi D, Paleari MC, Previtali P, Delconte G, Fumagalli L, Manzi R, Faustini M, Persiani L, Rizzi M, Sodi F, Masci E. Endosonographic evaluation of the mediastinum through the i-gel O 2 supraglottic airway device. Tumori 2019; 107:86-90. [PMID: 31462167 DOI: 10.1177/0300891619871104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is an endoscopic diagnostic procedure combining flexible fibrobronchoscopy with ultrasound techniques; it allows transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal masses. We present our preliminary experience with the use of the i-gel O2 supraglottic airway device for management of EBUS procedures. METHODS An observational study on 39 patients who underwent EBUS under general anesthesia was performed. Airways were managed with i-gel O2 by anesthesiologists unfamiliar with it. Data collected included patient characteristics, i-gel O2 positioning, mechanical ventilation, procedure, and complications occurring during and after the EBUS. RESULTS The i-gel airway was successfully positioned during the first attempt in 34/39 cases (87.2%). No failed positioning was recorded. The EBUS scope easily passed through the i-gel in all patients and in 14 (35.6%) cases it was also inserted through the esophagus allowing the examination or fine needle aspiration of paraesophageal lymph nodes. In one case, during the EBUS procedure, the i-gel was dislocated but easily put in place again. During EBUS, air leakages were significant in 2 cases (5.1%) and minimal in 14 cases (35.9%). A brief self-solved laryngospasm and a bronchospasm during bronchoscopy were recorded. After recovery, no patients had dysphagia; mild odynophagia and pharyngodinia were referred by 2 (5.1%) and 12 (30.1%) patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The i-gel O2 airway is easy to position and manage even for anesthesiologists unfamiliar with it. This supraglottic airway device is suitable for a complete endosonographic evaluation of the mediastinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Piccioni
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Codazzi
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria C Paleari
- School of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Previtali
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Delconte
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopic Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Manzi
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Faustini
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Persiani
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurilia Rizzi
- Department of Critical and Supportive Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Sodi
- School of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Enzo Masci
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopic Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Zanotti C, Rotiroti M, Fumagalli L, Stefania GA, Canonaco F, Stefenelli G, Prévôt ASH, Leoni B, Bonomi T. Groundwater and surface water quality characterization through positive matrix factorization combined with GIS approach. Water Res 2019; 159:122-134. [PMID: 31082643 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at testing the effectiveness of Positive Matrix Factorization in characterizing groundwater and surface water quality, in terms of identifying main hydrochemical features and processes (natural and anthropogenic) that govern them. This method is applied in a hydro-system featured by a strong interrelation between groundwater and surface water and highly impacted by agricultural activities. Therefore, a holistic approach considering groundwater together with the surface water bodies, consisting in lake, several rivers and springs, was used. Multivariate statistical analysis, in particular Factor Analysis, has been proved to be effective in elaborating and interpreting water quality data highlighting the information carried within them, but it presents some limitations: it does not consider data uncertainty and it groups variables which are correlated positively and negatively. Moreover, in some cases the resulting factors are not clearly interpretable, describing each one various overlapping features/processes. Here, Positive Matrix Factorization is applied to groundwater and surface water quality data, and the results are compared to those obtained through a Factor Analysis in terms of both factor profiles and their spatial distribution through a GIS approach. Results of isotopes analysis are used to validate PMF output and support interpretation. Positive Matrix Factorization allows to consider data uncertainty and the solution respects two positivity constraints, based on the concept of chemical mass balance, which leads to a more environmentally interpretable solution. Results show that Positive Matrix Factorization identifies five different factors reflecting main features and natural and anthropogenic processes affecting the study area: 1) surface water used for irrigation, 2) groundwater subjected to reducing processes at advanced stages, 3) groundwater subjected to reducing processes at early stages, 4) groundwater residence time and 5) the effects of the agricultural land use on both groundwater and surface water. Positive Matrix Factorization leads to a more detailed understanding of the studied system as compared to Factor Analysis which identifies only three factors with overlapping information. Based on the results of this study, Positive Matrix Factorization could be a useful technique to perform groundwater and surface water quality characterization and to reach a deeper understanding of the phenomena that govern water chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zanotti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126, Milano, Italy.
| | - M Rotiroti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - L Fumagalli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - G A Stefania
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - F Canonaco
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - G Stefenelli
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - A S H Prévôt
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - B Leoni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - T Bonomi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
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Dufresnes C, Déjean T, Zumbach S, Schmidt BR, Fumagalli L, Ramseier P, Dubey S. Early detection and spatial monitoring of an emerging biological invasion by population genetics and environmental DNA metabarcoding. Conservat Sci and Prac 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Hintermann & Weber SA Montreux Switzerland
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | | | - Benedikt R. Schmidt
- Info fauna—karch, UNiMail Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und UmweltwissenschaftenUniversität Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | - Sylvain Dubey
- Hintermann & Weber SA Montreux Switzerland
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
- Agrosustain SA Nyon Switzerland
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Chiarelli M, Achilli P, Tagliabue F, Brivio A, Airoldi A, Guttadauro A, Porro F, Fumagalli L. Perioperative lymphocytopenia predicts mortality and severe complications after intestinal surgery. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:311. [PMID: 31475181 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.06.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Patterns of white blood cells differential count with low lymphocyte number have been associated with poor outcome following sepsis, burns and trauma. Lymphocytopenia, measured preoperatively or in response to surgical stress, may affect complications after bowel resection. Methods Clinical characteristics and white blood cells differential count values, measured both pre- and post-operatively of a cohort of patients submitted to intestinal resection and anastomosis from June 2014 to June 2017 in our General Surgery Division, were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the dependence of mortality and postoperative complications from the clinical characteristics of patients and white blood cells differential count values. Results A total of 301 consecutive patients were studied; 165 (54.8%) were male; mean age was 70 years. Overall, the rate of in-hospital 30-day mortality was 4%. Post-operative morbidity was observed in 124 (41.2%). On multivariate analysis, age adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index, low preoperatively lymphocyte count, high preoperative monocyte count, high postoperative neutrophil count and anastomotic leak were independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Preoperative lymphocytopenia and rectal resection were independently associated with high morbidity rate, while low postoperative lymphocyte count was associated with an increased risk of anastomotic leak. Conclusions Perioperative lymphocytopenia is associated with 30-days mortality, severe complications and anastomotic leak after bowel resection surgery. These routinely available laboratory data could help to identify patients at high-risk for developing complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Chiarelli
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, ASST Lecco, Italy
| | - Pietro Achilli
- University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano (MI), Italy
| | - Fulvio Tagliabue
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, ASST Lecco, Italy
| | - Ariberto Brivio
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, ASST Lecco, Italy
| | - Angelo Airoldi
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, ASST Lecco, Italy
| | - Angelo Guttadauro
- Department of Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Porro
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, ASST Lecco, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Department of General Surgery, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, ASST Lecco, Italy
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Kusamura S, Azmi N, Fumagalli L, Baratti D, Guaglio M, Cavalleri A, Garrone G, Battaglia L, Barretta F, Deraco M. Phase II randomized study on tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of cisplatin according to different levels of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) during HIPEC (NCT02949791). Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 47:82-88. [PMID: 31262599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effects of high intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) during hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on cisplatin uptake by residual tumor and normal tissues, pharmacokinetics, and short-term surgical outcomes. PATIENTS & METHODS Patients with peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer or pseudomyxoma peritonei were randomized to closed-abdomen HIPEC with low-IAP or high-IAP, after complete cytoreduction. High-IAP was obtained increasing the volume of perfusate maintaining constant the cisplatin concentration (42 mg/L). We determined the Platinum concentration using an Inductive Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry System. Randomization was stratified according to tumor type. To consider the multiple sampling in the three tissues types of interest, we performed linear mixed models to assess the differences of cisplatin concentration between study arms. We also compared AUC perfusate/plasma ratios (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney) and perioperative severe complication rates (chi-square) between study arms. RESULTS 38 cases were randomly assigned to IAP arms (n = 19 each). Median IAPs were 19 mmHg and 11 mmHg in the high and low arms, respectively. Cisplatin concentrations did not differ in the tumor residual tissues and in the muscular fascia [22.8 ng/mg (SD: 25.5) vs. 15.9 ng/mg (SD: 13.3), p = 0.181] and [50.3 ng/mg (SD: 40.1) vs. 42.0 ng/mg (SD: 38.3), p = 0.426, respectively], whereas in the mesenteric peritoneum it did [5.4 ng/mg (SD: 7.82) vs. 2.7 ng/mg (SD: 2.9), p = 0.048]. Pharmacokinetic advantage did not differ between the two arms. High-IAP did not increase perioperative severe complications rate (NCI-CTCAE.v3). CONCLUSIONS high-IAP HIPEC increases cisplatin distribution in the mesenteric peritoneum, is safe, and could be considered to obtain microscopic cytoreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Kusamura
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Norfarizan Azmi
- Fellow of European School of Peritoneal Surface Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Anesthesiology Unit, Italy
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Anesthesiology Unit, Italy
| | - Dario Baratti
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Marcello Guaglio
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Adalberto Cavalleri
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Laboratory of Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Italy
| | - Giulia Garrone
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Laboratory of Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy
| | - Francesco Barretta
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Deraco
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Italy.
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Unadkat P, Fumagalli L, Rigolo L, Vangel MG, Young GS, Huang R, Mukundan S, Golby A, Tie Y. Functional MRI Task Comparison for Language Mapping in Neurosurgical Patients. J Neuroimaging 2019; 29:348-356. [PMID: 30648771 PMCID: PMC6506353 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Language task-based functional MRI (fMRI) is increasingly used for presurgical planning in patients with brain lesions. Different paradigms elicit activations of different components of the language network. The aim of this study is to optimize fMRI clinical usage by comparing the effectiveness of three language tasks for language lateralization and localization in a large group of patients with brain lesions. METHODS We analyzed fMRI data from a sequential retrospective cohort of 51 patients with brain lesions who underwent presurgical fMRI language mapping. We compared the effectiveness of three language tasks (Antonym Generation, Sentence Completion (SC), and Auditory Naming) for lateralizing language function and for activating cortex within patient-specific regions-of-interest representing eloquent language areas, and assessed the degree of spatial overlap of the areas of activation elicited by each task. RESULTS The tasks were similarly effective for lateralizing language within the anterior language areas. The SC task produced higher laterality indices within the posterior language areas and had a significantly higher agreement with the clinical report. Dice coefficients between the task pairs were in the range of .351-.458, confirming substantial variation in the components of the language network activated by each task. CONCLUSIONS SC task consistently produced large activations within the dominant hemisphere and was more effective for lateralizing language within the posterior language areas. The low degree of spatial overlap among the tasks strongly supports the practice of using a battery of tasks to help the surgeon to avoid eloquent language areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Rigolo
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
| | - Mark G. Vangel
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
| | - Geoffrey S. Young
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
| | - Raymond Huang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
| | - Srinivasan Mukundan
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
| | - Alexandra Golby
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
| | - Yanmei Tie
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, LF, LR, AG, YT); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (PU, MGV, GSY, RH, SM, AG); School of Medicine and Surgery, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy (LF); and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (MGV)
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Zinger L, Bonin A, Alsos IG, Bálint M, Bik H, Boyer F, Chariton AA, Creer S, Coissac E, Deagle BE, De Barba M, Dickie IA, Dumbrell AJ, Ficetola GF, Fierer N, Fumagalli L, Gilbert MTP, Jarman S, Jumpponen A, Kauserud H, Orlando L, Pansu J, Pawlowski J, Tedersoo L, Thomsen PF, Willerslev E, Taberlet P. DNA metabarcoding—Need for robust experimental designs to draw sound ecological conclusions. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:1857-1862. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Zinger
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de biologie Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL Paris France
| | - Aurélie Bonin
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Inger G. Alsos
- UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum Tromsø Norway
| | - Miklós Bálint
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Frankfurt am Main Germany
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE‐TBG) Frankfurt Germany
| | - Holly Bik
- Department of Nematology University of California Riverside California
| | - Frédéric Boyer
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Anthony A. Chariton
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Simon Creer
- School of Natural Sciences Bangor University Gwynedd UK
| | - Eric Coissac
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | | | - Marta De Barba
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Ian A. Dickie
- School of Biological Sciences, BioProtection Research Centre University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy Università degli Studi di Milano Milano Italy
| | - Noah Fierer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Colorado
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - M. Thomas P. Gilbert
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Biological Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, University Museum Trondheim Norway
| | - Simon Jarman
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia
- Environomics Future Science Platform CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Ari Jumpponen
- Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas
| | - Håvard Kauserud
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE) University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Ludovic Orlando
- Laboratoire d'Anthropobiologie Moléculaire et d'Imagerie de Synthèse CNRS UMR 5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Johan Pansu
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Station Biologique de Roscoff CNRS UMR 7144, Sorbonne Université Roscoff France
- CSIRO Ocean & Atmosphere Lucas Heights New South Wales Australia
| | - Jan Pawlowski
- ID‐Gene Ecodiagnostics Geneva Switzerland
- Department of Genetics and Evolution University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | | | - Eske Willerslev
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Center University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Cambridge UK
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum Tromsø Norway
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Dufresnes C, Beddek M, Skorinov DV, Fumagalli L, Perrin N, Crochet PA, Litvinchuk SN. Diversification and speciation in tree frogs from the Maghreb (Hyla meridionalis sensu lato), with description of a new African endemic. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 134:291-299. [PMID: 30776435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Comparative molecular studies emphasized a new biogeographic paradigm for the terrestrial fauna of North Africa, one of the last uncharted ecoregions of the Western Palearctic: two independent east-west divisions across the Maghreb. Through a comprehensive phylogeography, we assessed how this model suits the genetic diversification documented for the tree frog Hyla meridionalis sensu lato. Analyses of mtDNA variation and thousands of nuclear loci confirmed the old split (low-Pliocene) between Tunisian and Algerian populations. These lineages meet but barely admix in the eastern Maghreb (Algerian-Tunisian border), a sign of putatively advanced reproductive isolation. In the western Maghreb, we report a Pleistocene divergence between Moroccan and Algerian populations. Tree frogs thus follow both predictions: a double east-west break that gave rise to two suture zones characteristic of North-African phylogeography. Moreover, some intraspecific mtDNA variation is not mirrored by the nuclear data, emphasizing that evolutionary units should always be designated by multilocus approaches. Last but not least, we describe the Tunisian lineage as a new species endemic to Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Hintermann & Weber SA, Montreux, Switzerland; Laboratory for Conservation Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
| | - Menad Beddek
- CEFE, CNRS, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, Montpellier, France; Naturalia Environnement, Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
| | - Dmitriy V Skorinov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Perrin
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Spartak N Litvinchuk
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia
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Spagnuolo V, Galli L, Poli A, Bigoloni A, Fumagalli L, Gianotti N, Nozza S, Ferrari D, Locatelli M, Lazzarin A, Castagna A. A nucleoside-sparing regimen of dolutegravir plus ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in HIV-1-infected patients with virological failure: the DOLATAV study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:477-479. [PMID: 30774311 PMCID: PMC6352870 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s192124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Spagnuolo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy, .,Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Laura Galli
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Andrea Poli
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Alba Bigoloni
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Nicola Gianotti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Silvia Nozza
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Davide Ferrari
- Laboratory Medicine Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Locatelli
- Laboratory Medicine Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriano Lazzarin
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy, .,Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Felder
- Forschungsabteilung der, Bracco Industria Chimica, Mailand
| | - L. Fumagalli
- Forschungsabteilung der, Bracco Industria Chimica, Mailand
| | - D. Pitré
- Forschungsabteilung der, Bracco Industria Chimica, Mailand
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Pepe NR, Artico M, Bardella L, Nucci F, Svolacchia F, Pepe L, Fumagalli L, Taurone S. Anatomical variations of the median nerve and of the vascular-nervous structures at the wrist. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1285-1290. [PMID: 30334427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three cases of anatomical variation of the median nerve at the wrist found during our surgical activity led us to take the opportunity to expose anatomical variations by reviewing already published reviews. Consequently, on the basis of anatomical studies, clinical reports and imaging, as a result of careful examination of the published literature, it has been observed that the interventions in such anatomical area must take into account these variations. In particular, the most performed procedure is the lysis of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL), which is not free from complications. In our opinion it is therefore necessary, in order to avoid the complications of the nervous, vascular and tendinous sections, to use some specific technical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Pepe
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Medico-legal and Locomotor System Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Artico
- Department of Sensory Organs "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Bardella
- Department of Human Neurosciences "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Nucci
- Private Practice, Rome, Italy
| | - F Svolacchia
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Medico-legal and Locomotor System Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Pepe
- Service of Laboratory Medicine 1-Clinical Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - L Fumagalli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Medico-legal and Locomotor System Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - S Taurone
- Department of Sensory Organs "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
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Fumagalli L, Esfandiar A, Fabregas R, Hu S, Ares P, Janardanan A, Yang Q, Radha B, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Gomila G, Novoselov KS, Geim AK. Anomalously low dielectric constant of confined water. Science 2018; 360:1339-1342. [PMID: 29930134 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat4191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The dielectric constant ε of interfacial water has been predicted to be smaller than that of bulk water (ε ≈ 80) because the rotational freedom of water dipoles is expected to decrease near surfaces, yet experimental evidence is lacking. We report local capacitance measurements for water confined between two atomically flat walls separated by various distances down to 1 nanometer. Our experiments reveal the presence of an interfacial layer with vanishingly small polarization such that its out-of-plane ε is only ~2. The electrically dead layer is found to be two to three molecules thick. These results provide much-needed feedback for theories describing water-mediated surface interactions and the behavior of interfacial water, and show a way to investigate the dielectric properties of other fluids and solids under extreme confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fumagalli
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. .,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - A Esfandiar
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Fabregas
- Departament d'Electrònica, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri i Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Hu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - P Ares
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - A Janardanan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Q Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - B Radha
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - T Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - G Gomila
- Departament d'Electrònica, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri i Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - K S Novoselov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - A K Geim
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. .,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Dufresnes C, Miquel C, Remollino N, Biollaz F, Salamin N, Taberlet P, Fumagalli L. Howling from the past: historical phylogeography and diversity losses in European grey wolves. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.1148. [PMID: 30068681 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic bottlenecks resulting from human-induced population declines make alarming symbols for the irreversible loss of our natural legacy worldwide. The grey wolf (Canis lupus) is an iconic example of extreme declines driven by anthropogenic factors. Here, we assessed the genetic signatures of 150 years of wolf persecution throughout the Western Palaearctic by high-throughput mitochondrial DNA sequencing of historical specimens in an unprecedented spatio-temporal framework. Despite Late Pleistocene bottlenecks, we show that historical genetic variation had remained high throughout Europe until the last several hundred years. In Western Europe, where wolves nearly got fully exterminated, diversity dramatically collapsed at the turn of the twentieth century and recolonization from few homogeneous relict populations induced drastic shifts of genetic composition. By contrast, little genetic displacement and steady levels of diversity were maintained in Eastern European regions, where human persecution had lesser effects on wolf demography. By comparing prehistoric, historic and modern patterns of genetic diversity, our study hence traces the timeframe and the active human role in the decline of the grey wolf, an emblematic yet controversial animal which symbolizes the complex relationship between human societies and nature conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Christian Miquel
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), UMR5553, BP53, 38041 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Nadège Remollino
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Biollaz
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Route Pra de Louetse 32, 1968 Mase, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Salamin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Computational Biology University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), UMR5553, BP53, 38041 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Shaw AT, Lee SH, Ramalingam SS, Bauer TM, Boyer MJ, Carcereny Costa E, Felip E, Han JY, Hida T, Hughes BGM, Kim SW, Nishio M, Seto T, Ezeh P, Chakrabarti D, Wang J, Chang A, Fumagalli L, Solomon BJ. Avelumab (anti–PD-L1) in combination with crizotinib or lorlatinib in patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC: Phase 1b results from JAVELIN Lung 101. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.9008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | | | | | | | - Enric Carcereny Costa
- Institut Catala d'Oncologia de Badalona, Servicio de Oncologia Medica, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Ji-Youn Han
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang-Si, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - Toyoaki Hida
- Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Sang-We Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - Makoto Nishio
- The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Seto
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
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Barni S, Lissoni P, Brivio F, Fumagalli L, Merlini D, Cataldo M, Rovelli F, Tancini G. Serum Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Operable Breast Cancer in Relation to the Main Prognostic Variables and their Perioperative Changes in Relation to those of Prolactin. Tumori 2018; 80:212-5. [PMID: 8053079 DOI: 10.1177/030089169408000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background In addition to estrogens, prolactin (PRL) and IGF-I have also appeared to stimulate breast cancer growth. The present study was performed to evaluate IGF-I blood levels in operable breast cancer in relation to PRL values and the main prognostic variables. Methods The study included 40 patients, clinical stage T1-3NO-2MO. Venous blood samples were collected before and 7 days after surgery. PRL and IGF-I were measured by radioimmunoassay. The control group consisted of 50 healthy women. Results Mean serum levels of IGF-I were significantly higher in patients than in controls, without any apparent relation to the main prognostic variables, including estrogen receptor and node status. Surgery-induced hyperprolactinemia occurred in 22/40 patients. IGF-I mean concentrations observed in the postoperative period in patients with surgery-induced hyperprolactinemia were significantly lower than those seen in patients showing no postoperative PRL rise. Conclusions The study showed that operable breast cancer may be associated with abnormally high levels of tumor growth factor IGF-I, and that surgery was followed by an IGF-I decline only in patients who showed surgery-induced hyperprolactinemia. Our previous studies have shown that postoperative hyperprolactinemia is a favorable prognostic factors for operable breast cancer. The present study, by showing that a postoperative PRL rise is associated with a fall in IGF-I, would suggest that surgery-induced hyperprolactinemia may determine a lower tumor relapse rate by determining a diminished secretion of breast tumor growth factor IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barni
- Divisione di Radioterapia Oncologica, Polo Universitario di Monza, Ospedale S. Gerardo, Milano, Italy
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Lissoni P, Rovelli F, Fumagalli L, Mauri E, Barni S, Tancini G. Increased Blood Concentrations of Interleukin-12 are Associated with a Longer Survival in Untreatable Metastatic Solid Tumor Patients: Preliminary Observations. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 12:125-7. [PMID: 9479595 DOI: 10.1177/172460089701200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
IL-2 and IL-12 are the main antitumor cytokines in humans. Endogenous IL-2 production is generally low in metastatic cancer patients. In contrast, preliminary data suggest a possible increased secretion of IL-12 in a subgroup of metastatic cancer patients, of which the prognostic significance is still to be established. This preliminary study was performed to investigate the survival time in relation to IL-12 blood levels in patients with untreatable metastatic solid tumors. The study included 40 patients (lung cancer: 16; gastrointestinal tumors: 24). Abnormally elevated serum levels of IL-12 were observed in 15/40 (37%) patients, without any apparent relation with tumor histotype. The 1-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients with elevated IL-12 baseline values than in those with normal concentrations (8/15 vs 3/25, p < 0.01). The results of this preliminary study, which need to be confirmed in a greater number of patients by monitoring the clinical course of the neoplastic disease, seem to suggest that abnormally high baseline serum levels of the antitumor cytokine IL-12 may have a favorable prognostic significance, as they appear to be associated with a longer survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lissoni
- Division of Radiotherapy, Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, MI, Italy
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Bonfanti A, Lissoni P, Bucovec R, Rovelli F, Brivio F, Fumagalli L. Changes in Circulating Dendritic Cells and IL-12 in Relation to the Angiogenic Factor VEGF during IL-2 Immunotherapy of Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 15:161-4. [PMID: 10883890 DOI: 10.1177/172460080001500206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis and immunosuppression are the main biological mechanisms responsible for cancer progression. Moreover, recent observations suggesting a negative influence of angiogenesis on anticancer immunity have shown that some angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, may induce immunosuppression. In addition, the evidence of abnormally high blood levels of VEGF has been proven to be associated with resistance to IL-2 immunotherapy. The present study was performed to establish a possible relation ship between the efficacy of IL-2 cancer immunotherapy and changes in circulating levels of VEGF, IL-12, mature and immature dendritic cells (DC). The study included 25 metastatic renal cell cancer patients who underwent subcutaneus low-dose IL-2 immunotherapy (6 MIU/day for 6 days/week for 4 weeks). Immature and mature DCs were identified as CD123+ and CD11c+ cells, respectively. The clinical response consisted of partial response (PR) in five, stable disease (SD) in 11 and progressive disease (PD) in the remaining nine patients. The mean IL-12 levels observed during IL-2 immunotherapy were significantly higher in patients with PR or SD than in those with PD, whereas the mean VEGF concentrations were significantly higher in patients who had PD than in those with PR or SD. Finally, a significant increase in the mean number of circulating mature DCs occurred only in patients with PR or SD, whereas no significant change was seen in patients with PD. By contrast, no significant change was observed in the mean number of immature DCs. This study shows that the efficacy of IL-2 immunotherapy is associated with a significant increase in circulating mature DCs and IL-12, without any concomitant increase in VEGF concentrations. Further studies will be required to better define the relationship between activation of anticancer immunity and control of angiogenesis-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bonfanti
- Division of Radiation Oncology, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza (MI), Italy
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Ferrari-Bravo A, Franciosi C, Lissoni P, Fumagalli L, Uggeri F. Effects of Oncological Surgery on Endothelin-1 Secretion in Patients with Operable Gastric Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 15:56-7. [PMID: 10763142 DOI: 10.1177/172460080001500110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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