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Salamony A, Shamikh Y, Amer K, Elnagdy T, Elnakib M, Yehia AA, Hassan W, Abdelsalam M. Are Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) Antibodies Friends or Foes for Covid-19 Disease? Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:15. [PMID: 37341786 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-023-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Many factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID-19 pandemic. A wide variation in the susceptibility for SARS-CoV-2 infection among different population, gender and age has been observed. Multiple studies investigated the relationship between the antibody's titre of previously vaccinated individuals and the susceptibility of coronavirus infection, to find a rapid effective therapy for this pandemic. This study focused on the association between measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) antibodies titre and the severity of COVID-19 infection. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the antibody's titre of MMR and the SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and disease severity, in a cohort of COVID-19 Egyptian patients, compared to a control group. MMR antibody titre was measured using enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay; (ELISA) for 136 COVID-19 patients and 44 healthy individuals, as control group. There were high levels of measles and mumps antibodies titer in the deteriorating cases, which could not protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the rubella antibodies might protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection, but once the infection occurs, it may aggravate the risk of case deterioration. MMR antibodies could be used as a guideline for COVID-19 symptom-severity and, in turn, may be considered as an economic prognostic marker used for early protection from multiple autoimmune organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Salamony
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
- Microbiology and Immunology, Central Public Health Laboratories, CPHL, Ministry of Health, Cairo, 11613, Egypt
| | - Yara Shamikh
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
- Microbiology and Immunology, Central Public Health Laboratories, CPHL, Ministry of Health, Cairo, 11613, Egypt
| | - Khaled Amer
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Tarek Elnagdy
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Elnakib
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Abd Allah Yehia
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Wael Hassan
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
| | - Maha Abdelsalam
- Egypt Centre for Research and Regenerative Medicine, ECRRM, Cairo, 11517, Egypt.
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Cattaruzza E, Radillo L, Ronchese F, Negro C, Rui F, De Michieli P, Larese Filon F. COVID-19 susceptibility and vaccination coverage for measles, rubella and mumps in students and healthcare workers in Trieste hospitals (NE Italy). Vaccine X 2022; 10:100147. [PMID: 35252837 PMCID: PMC8883792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2022.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccines have been suggested as preventive measures to protect subjects from the worst sequelae of COVID-19 infection because neutralizing antibodies can cross-react with other viruses. AIM To verify COVID-19 infection in MMR vaccinated and non-vaccinated healthcare workers and medical students in Trieste Hospitals. RESULTS Nurse aids resulted in significantly more infections than structured physicians (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.14-2.80) while students resulted in less infections (OR, 0.66; 95% CI 0.43-1.01). The presence of an MMR vaccination was inversely associated with COVID-19 (OR, 0.77; 95% CI 0.61-0.96) but only in univariate analysis. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, MMR vaccination lost statistical significance (OR, 0.86; 95%CI 0.62-1.20).On 13 HCWs hospitalized for COVID-19, 11 resulted not vaccinated for MMR. DISCUSSION Our study found a mild, non-significant reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infections in workers vaccinated with MMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cattaruzza
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste
- Unità Clinica di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucia Radillo
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste
- Unità Clinica di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Ronchese
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste
- Unità Clinica di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy
| | - Corrado Negro
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste
- Unità Clinica di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Rui
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste
- Unità Clinica di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola De Michieli
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste
- Unità Clinica di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Trieste, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy
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Taheri Soodejani M, Basti M, Tabatabaei SM, Rajabkhah K. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and COVID-19: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2021; 12:35-39. [PMID: 34336136 PMCID: PMC8310886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate published literature about the association between measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and COVID-19. This is a systematic review in which the databases of Chocrane, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science as well as reliable journals including Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Jama and also Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) publications were searched.Out of 169 documents discovered during the literature review, 56 ones were somehow related to the association between MMR vaccine and COVID-19, of which 11 ones mentioned the association between these two, and 8 of them contained a hypothesis about this relationship. A quasi-trial study reported the positive effect of the MMR vaccine on reducing the severity of COVID-19 symptoms among those who received it. Also, a cross-sectional study showed an association between the level of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) mumps and COVID-19. Moreover, a genomic data analysis study also reported the effect of Rubella Immunoglobulin G (IgG) level on COVID-19. It seems that due to the similarity of respiratory diseases including measles, rubella, and mumps to COVID-19, MMR vaccine should be investigated more deeply to see if it is effective in order to deal with this novel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Taheri Soodejani
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazd, Iran
| | - Moslem Basti
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazd, Iran
| | | | - Kourosh Rajabkhah
- Office for Health Technology Assessment, Health Standards and Tarrifs, Department of Curative Affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical EducationTehran, Iran
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Gujar N, Tambe M, Parande M, Salunke N, Jagdale G, Anderson SG, Dharmadhikari A, Lakhkar A, Kulkarni PS. A case control study to assess effectiveness of measles containing vaccines in preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3316-3321. [PMID: 34128766 PMCID: PMC8220437 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1930471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, most licensed vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection are approved for adults and not for children. We conducted a test negative case-control study to assess the effectiveness of Measles Containing Vaccines (MCVs) against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Pune, India, in children who were ≥1 year and <18 years of age and were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The enrolled participants included 274 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases (216 vaccinated and 58 unvaccinated) along with 274 SARS-CoV-2 negative controls (265 vaccinated and 9 unvaccinated). Of the 274 cases, 180 (65.7%) were asymptomatic while 94 (34.3%) were symptomatic, all with mild severity. The number of participants with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly lower in the vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group (p < .0001). The unadjusted overall Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) in the vaccinated group compared to unvaccinated group was 87.4% (OR = 0.126, 95% CI of VE: 73.9-93.9) while the adjusted overall VE after adjusting for age and sex was 87.5% (OR = 0.125, 95% CI of VE: 74.2-94.0). MCVs reduced incidence of laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Number of symptomatic cases were also lower in the vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group. Results of our study have provided strong preliminary evidence that MCVs have a good effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population, which needs to be confirmed further through prospective randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muralidhar Tambe
- Department of Community Medicine, B J Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Malangori Parande
- Department of Community Medicine, B J Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Nandkumar Salunke
- Department of Community Medicine, B J Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Ganesh Jagdale
- Department of Community Medicine, B J Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Sarah G Anderson
- Department of Biostatistics, Emmes Services Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, India
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Immunization During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recommendations From Indian Academy of Pediatrics Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunization Practices. Indian Pediatr 2021. [PMID: 33318323 PMCID: PMC7781827 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-020-2071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, immunization practices of all age groups, especially routine childhood vaccines, have been interrupted. Immunization is considered an essential health activity, which needs to be resumed as early as possible. This pandemic has created several unique issues related to routine immunization of individual children at clinics, which needs to be addressed. In this communication, the Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunization Practices (ACVIP) of Indian Academy of Pediatrics addresses the common questions and issues related to SARS-CoV-2 and routine immunization services. This also includes the recommendations for routine immunization of SARS-CoV-2 suspect and positive children, and for the logistics to be followed for immunization services.
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Kasi SG, Dhir SK, Verma S, Pemde HK, Balasubramanian S, Agarwalla S, Shah AK, Shivananda S, Marathe S, Chatarjee K, Srirampur S, Kalyani S, Parekh BJ, Basavaraja GV, Gupta P. Immunization During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recommendations From Indian Academy of Pediatrics Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunization Practices. Indian Pediatr 2020; 57:1147-1152. [PMID: 33318323 PMCID: PMC7781827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, immunization practices of all age groups, especially routine childhood vaccines, have been interrupted. Immunization is considered an essential health activity, which needs to be resumed as early as possible. This pandemic has created several unique issues related to routine immunization of individual children at clinics, which needs to be addressed. In this communication, the Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunization Practices (ACVIP) of Indian Academy of Pediatrics addresses the common questions and issues related to SARS-CoV-2 and routine immunization services. This also includes the recommendations for routine immunization of SARS-CoV-2 suspect and positive children, and for the logistics to be followed for immunization services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas G Kasi
- Kasi Clinic, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Correspondence to: Dr Srinivas G Kasi, Convener, ACVIP of IAP, Kasi Clinic, 2nd Cross, 3rd Block, Jayanagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Shashi Kant Dhir
- Department of Pediatrics, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Verma
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - S Balasubramanian
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Abhay K Shah
- Dr Abhay K Shah Children Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Piyush Gupta
- University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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