1
|
Bhattacharya S, Dutta A, Khanra PK, Gupta N, Dutta R, Tzvetkov NT, Milella L, Ponticelli M. In silico exploration of 4(α-l-rhamnosyloxy)-benzyl isothiocyanate: A promising phytochemical-based drug discovery approach for combating multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108907. [PMID: 39033680 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus infections significantly threaten global health. With rising resistance to current antibiotics and limited solutions, the urgent discovery of new, effective, and affordable antibacterials with low toxicity is imperative to combat diverse MDR S. aureus strains. Hence, in this study, we introduce an in silico phytochemical-based approach for discovering novel antibacterial agents, underscoring the potential of computational approaches in therapeutic discovery. Glucomoringin Isothiocyanate (GMG-ITC) from Moringa oleifera Lam. is one of the phytochemical compounds with several biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, and is also effective against S. aureus. This study focuses on screening GMG-ITC as a potential drug candidate to combat MDR S. aureus infections through a molecular docking approach. Moreover, interaction amino acid analysis, in silico pharmacokinetics, compound target prediction, pathway enrichment analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted for further investigation. Molecular docking and interaction analysis showed strong binding affinity towards S. aureus lipase, dihydrofolate reductase, and other MDR S. aureus proteins, including penicillin-binding protein 2a, MepR, D-Ala:D-Ala ligase, and RPP TetM, through hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. GMG-ITC also showed a strong binding affinity to cyclooxygenase-2 and FAD-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase, suggesting that it is a potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant candidate that may eliminate inflammation and oxidative stress associated with S. aureus infections. MD simulations validated the stability of the GMG-ITC molecular interactions determined by molecular docking. In silico pharmacokinetic analysis highlights its potency as a drug candidate, showing strong absorption, distribution, and excretion properties in combination with low toxicity. It acts as an active protease and enzyme inhibitor with moderate activity against GPCR ligands, ion channels, nuclear receptor ligands, and kinases. Enrichment analysis further elucidated its involvement in important biological, molecular, and cellular functions with potential therapeutic applications in diseases like cancer, hepatitis B, and influenza. Results suggest that GMG-ITC is an effective antibacterial agent that could treat MDR S. aureus-associated infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soham Bhattacharya
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Adrish Dutta
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pijush Kanti Khanra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 39, Assam, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ritesh Dutta
- Environmental Biotechnology & Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology & Drug Design, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology & Drug Design, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aguiar APN, Mendonça PDS, Lima Junior RCP, Mota AGDM, Wong DVT, Oliveira RTGD, Ribeiro-Júnior HL, Pinheiro RF, Magalhães SMM. The role of adiposity, adipokines and polymorphisms of leptin and adiponectin in myelodysplastic syndromes. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:737-748. [PMID: 37855224 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between leptin and adiponectin gene polymorphisms, circulating levels of leptin and adiponectin, adiposity and clinical markers in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This cross-sectional study was conducted with 102 adults and elderly MDS patients and 102 age- and sex-matched controls. Clinical characteristics, co-morbidities, anthropometric data, laboratory evaluation and genetic analysis (polymorphisms -2548G > A/rs7799039 of the LEP gene and +276G > T/rs1501299 of the ADIPOQ gene) were investigated. Serum leptin was higher and adiponectin lower in MDS when compared with controls. There was a significant positive correlation between serum leptin levels and BMI (r = 0·264, P = 0·025), waist circumference (r = 0·235, P = 0·047), body fat percentage (BF %) (r = 0·373, P = 0·001) and the fat mass index (FMI) (r = 0·371, P < 0·001). A lower mean adiponectin was found among patients with high BF %, higher visceral adiposity index and metabolic syndrome. A significant association was found between the AA genotype (mutant) of the LEP polymorphism rs7799039 and male sex and blast excess (≥ 5 %). In addition, a significant association was observed between the TT genotype (mutant) of the ADIPOQ rs1501299 polymorphism and Fe overload. These results demonstrate the importance of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation in patients with MDS in order to identify and control negative factors not related to the disease at an early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Nogueira Aguiar
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Priscila da Silva Mendonça
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- University Hospital Walter Cantidio, Brazilian Company of Hospital Services (EBSERH), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Roberto Cesar Pereira Lima Junior
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Anacelia Gomes de Matos Mota
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Roberta Tatiane Germano de Oliveira
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Howard Lopes Ribeiro-Júnior
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ronald Feitosa Pinheiro
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program in Medical Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Silvia Maria Meira Magalhães
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE60430-275, Brazil
- Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program in Medical Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu R, Zhang J, Zou G, Li S, Wang J, Li X, Xu J. Diabetes Mellitus and Thyroid Cancers: Risky Correlation, Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Prevention. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:809-823. [PMID: 38380275 PMCID: PMC10878320 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s450321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidences of thyroid cancer and diabetes are rapidly increasing worldwide. The relationship between thyroid cancer and diabetes is a popular topic in medicine. Increasing evidence has shown that diabetes increases the risk of thyroid cancer to a certain extent. This mechanism may be related to genetic factors, abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion, oxidative stress injury, hyperinsulinemia, elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 levels, abnormal secretion of adipocytokines, and increased secretion of inflammatory factors and chemokines. This article reviews the latest research progress on the relationship between thyroid cancer and diabetes, including the association between diabetes and the risk of developing thyroid cancer, its underlying mechanisms, and potential anti-thyroid cancer effects of hypoglycemic drugs. It providing novel strategies for the prevention, treatment, and improving the prognosis of thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongqian Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guilin Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxinlei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jixiong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1 Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Akrida I, Papadaki H. Adipokines and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2419-2433. [PMID: 36715963 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for cancer development. Within the tumor microenvironment, adipocytes interact with cancer cells, immune cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, and orchestrate several signaling pathways by secreting bioactive molecules, including adipokines. Adipokines or adipocytokines are produced predominantly by adipocytes and function as autocrine, paracrine and endocrine mediators. Adipokines can exert pro- and anti-inflammatory functions, and they play a pivotal role in the state of chronic low-grade inflammation that characterizes obesity. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a complex biological process whereby epithelial cells acquire the invasive, migratory mesenchymal phenotype is well-known to be implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that there is a link between adipokines and EMT. This may contribute to the correlation that has been documented between obesity and cancer progression. This review summarizes the existing body of evidence supporting an association between the process of EMT in cancer and the adipokines leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin/NAMPT, lipocalin-2/NGAL, as well as other newly discovered adipokines including chemerin, nesfatin-1/nucleobindin-2, AZGP1, SFRP5 and FABP4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Akrida
- Department of General Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece.
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece.
- Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504, Rion, Greece.
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, University of Patras Medical School, Rion, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Caruso A, Gelsomino L, Panza S, Accattatis FM, Naimo GD, Barone I, Giordano C, Catalano S, Andò S. Leptin: A Heavyweight Player in Obesity-Related Cancers. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1084. [PMID: 37509120 PMCID: PMC10377641 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, defined as the abnormal or excessive expansion of white adipose tissue, has reached pandemic proportions and is recognized as an important health concern since it is a common root for several comorbidities, including malignancies. Indeed, the current knowledge of the white adipose tissue, which shifts its role from an energy storage tissue to an important endocrine and metabolic organ, has opened up new avenues for the discovery of obesity's effects on tumor biology. In this review, we will report the epidemiological studies concerning the strong impact of obesity in several types of cancer and describe the mechanisms underlying the heterotypic signals between cancer cell lines and adipocytes, with particular emphasis on inflammation, the insulin/IGF-1 axis, and adipokines. Among the adipokines, we will further describe the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data concerning the role of leptin, recognized as one of the most important mediators of obesity-associated cancers. In fact, leptin physiologically regulates energy metabolism, appetite, and reproduction, and several studies have also described the role of leptin in affecting cancer development and progression. Finally, we will summarize the newest pharmacological strategies aimed at mitigating the protumorigenic effects of leptin, underlining their mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Caruso
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Felice Maria Accattatis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, Via P. Bucci, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dana N, Ferns GA, Nedaeinia R, Haghjooy Javanmard S. Leptin signaling in breast cancer and its crosstalk with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:601-610. [PMID: 36348225 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Obesity may create a mitogenic microenvironment that influences tumor initiation and progression. The obesity-associated adipokine, leptin regulates energy metabolism and has been implicated in cancer development. It has been shown that some cell types other than adipocytes can express leptin and leptin receptors in tumor microenvironments. It has been shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) agonists can affect leptin levels and vice versa leptin can affect PPARs. Activation of PPARs affects the expression of several genes involved in aspects of lipid metabolism. In addition, PPARs regulate cancer cell progression through their action on the tumor cell proliferation, metabolism, and cellular environment. Some studies have shown an association between obesity and several types of cancer, including breast cancer. There is some evidence that suggests that there is crosstalk between PPARs and leptin during the development of breast cancer. Through a systematic review of previous studies, we have reviewed the published relevant articles regarding leptin signaling in breast cancer and its crosstalk with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Dana
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Afrin S, Ramaiyer M, Begum UAM, Borahay MA. Adipocyte and Adipokines Promote a Uterine Leiomyoma Friendly Microenvironment. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030715. [PMID: 36771423 PMCID: PMC9919329 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive system. Obese individuals have a higher burden of uterine leiomyoma, yet the mechanism relating obesity and leiomyoma development remains unknown. In this study, we observe the effect of adipocyte coculture and leptin treatment on human myometrium and leiomyoma cells. We isolated primary leiomyoma and myometrium cells from hysterectomy or myomectomy patients. Protein expression levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2/total ERK1/2, phosphorylated STAT3/total STAT3, and phosphorylated AKT1/2/3/total AKT1/2/3 were quantified using immunoblotting in immortalized and primary leiomyoma and myometrial cells cocultured with human adipocytes and treated with leptin. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess pro-inflammatory, fibrotic, and angiogenic factors in immortalized human myometrium and leiomyoma cells treated with leptin. The effects of STAT3, ERK, and AKT inhibitors were assessed in leiomyoma cell lines additionally cultured with adipocytes. Adipocyte coculture and leptin treatment increases the expression of JAK2/STAT3, MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/AKT signaling while inhibitors suppressed this effect. Leptin induces a tumor-friendly microenvironment through upregulation of pro-inflammatory (IFNγ, IL-8, IL-6, GM-CSF, MCP-1, and TNF-α), fibrotic (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3), and angiogenic (VEGF-A, HGF, and Follistatin) factors in human leiomyoma cells. Furthermore, adipocyte coculture and leptin treatment increases leiomyoma cells growth through activation of MAPK/ERK, JAK2/STAT3, and PI3k/AKT signaling pathways. Finally, STAT3, ERK, and AKT inhibitor treatment suppressed PCNA, TNF-α, TGF-β3, and VEGF-A intracellular staining intensity in both adipocyte coculture and leptin treated leiomyoma cells. These findings suggest that, in obese women, adipocyte secreted hormone or adipocytes may contribute to leiomyoma development and growth by activating leptin receptor signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Malini Ramaiyer
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Umme Aoufa Mafruha Begum
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Khulna City Medical College Hospital, 25-26, KDA Ave., Khulna 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Mostafa A. Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(410)-550-0337
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pathophysiology of obesity and its associated diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
|
9
|
Association between diabetes and cancer. Current mechanistic insights into the association and future challenges. Mol Cell Biochem 2022:10.1007/s11010-022-04630-x. [PMID: 36565361 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Compelling pieces of epidemiological, clinical, and experimental research have demonstrated that Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor associated with increased cancer incidence and mortality in many human neoplasms. In the pathophysiology context of DM, many of the main classical actors are relevant elements that can fuel the different steps of the carcinogenesis process. Hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, metabolic inflammation, and dyslipidemia are among the classic contributors to this association. Furthermore, new emerging actors have received particular attention in the last few years, and compelling data support that the microbiome, the epigenetic changes, the reticulum endoplasmic stress, and the increased glycolytic influx also play important roles in promoting the development of many cancer types. The arsenal of glucose-lowering therapeutic agents used for treating diabetes is wide and diverse, and a growing body of data raised during the last two decades has tried to clarify the contribution of therapeutic agents to this association. However, this research area remains controversial, because some anti-diabetic drugs are now considered as either promotors or protecting elements. In the present review, we intend to highlight the compelling epidemiological shreds of evidence that support this association, as well as the mechanistic contributions of many of these potential pathological mechanisms, some controversial points as well as future challenges.
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiménez-Cortegana C, Hontecillas-Prieto L, García-Domínguez DJ, Zapata F, Palazón-Carrión N, Sánchez-León ML, Tami M, Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, de la Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Obesity and Risk for Lymphoma: Possible Role of Leptin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415530. [PMID: 36555171 PMCID: PMC9779026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, which is considered a pandemic due to its high prevalence, is a risk factor for many types of cancers, including lymphoma, through a variety of mechanisms by promoting an inflammatory state. Specifically, over the last few decades, obesity has been suggested not only to increase the risk of lymphoma but also to be associated with poor clinical outcomes and worse responses to different treatments for those diseases. Within the extensive range of proinflammatory mediators that adipose tissue releases, leptin has been demonstrated to be a key adipokine due to its pleotropic effects in many physiological systems and diseases. In this sense, different studies have analyzed leptin levels and leptin/leptin receptor expressions as a probable bridge between obesity and lymphomas. Since both obesity and lymphomas are prevalent pathophysiological conditions worldwide and their incidences have increased over the last few years, here we review the possible role of leptin as a promising proinflammatory mediator promoting lymphomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J. García-Domínguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Zapata
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Palazón-Carrión
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - María L. Sánchez-León
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Malika Tami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.d.l.C.-M.); (V.S.-M.)
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.d.l.C.-M.); (V.S.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Reschke L, Afrin S, El Sabah M, Charewycz N, Miyashita-Ishiwata M, Borahay MA. Leptin induces leiomyoma cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via JAK2/STAT3 and MAPK/ERK pathways. F&S SCIENCE 2022; 3:383-391. [PMID: 35598777 PMCID: PMC9669119 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the molecular effects of leptin on uterine leiomyoma cells. DESIGN Experimental study using in vitro culture of immortalized human leiomyoma (HuLM) cells. SETTING Academic university center. PATIENT(S) Women with uterine fibroids who underwent a hysterectomy or myomectomy. INTERVENTION(S) Administration of human recombinant leptin to the media of cultured HuLM cells separately or in combination with pharmacologic Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) We examined HuLM tissues and cells for the expression of the leptin receptor, termed OB-R. Cellular proliferation was measured at 6, 24, and 48 hours using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Protein expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, collagen 1, phosphorylated STAT3/total STAT3, and phosphorylated ERK1/2 and total ERK1/2 were quantified using immunoblotting. Pharmacologic inhibitors were employed to further assess the role of the JAK2/STAT3 and MAPK/ERK pathways in the proliferative response. RESULT(S) The presence of OB-R was confirmed in clinical leiomyoma and myometrial tissue obtained from 3 separate human subjects using immunofluorescence staining, and the expression of OB-R in HuLM cells was identified using immunoblotting. There was no significant difference in the expression of the leptin receptor in the myometrium compared with that in the leiomyoma tissue. Leptin stimulated cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition at 24 hours after treatment. Pretreatment with a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor attenuated ECM deposition, and pretreatment with a MAPK/ERK inhibitor significantly decreased leptin's stimulatory effect on cell proliferation and ECM deposition. CONCLUSION(S) Leptin induces a proliferative response and ECM deposition in HuLM cells. These findings suggest that leptin, acting through the JAK2/STAT3 and MAPK/ERK pathways, is involved in the development of uterine leiomyomas, which may partly explain their increased incidence in obese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Reschke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Malak El Sabah
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Natasha Charewycz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mariko Miyashita-Ishiwata
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mostafa A Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Adipokines as Regulators of Autophagy in Obesity-Linked Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203230. [PMID: 36291097 PMCID: PMC9600294 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight and obesity have become significant risk factors for cancer development. During obesity, adipose tissue alters its biological function, deregulating the secretion of bioactive factors such as hormones, cytokines, and adipokines that promote an inflammatory microenvironment conducive to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Adipokines regulate tumor processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and invasion. Additionally, it has been found that they can modulate autophagy, a process implicated in tumor suppression in healthy tissue and cancer progression in established tumors. Since the tumor-promoting role of autophagy has been well described, the process has been suggested as a therapeutic target in cancer. However, the effects of targeting autophagy might depend on the tumor type and microenvironmental conditions, where circulating adipokines could influence the role of autophagy in cancer. Here, we review recent evidence related to the role of adipokines in cancer cell autophagy in an effort to understand the tumor response in the context of obesity under the assumption of an autophagy-targeting treatment.
Collapse
|
13
|
Marchi PH, Vendramini THA, Perini MP, Zafalon RVA, Amaral AR, Ochamotto VA, Da Silveira JC, Dagli MLZ, Brunetto MA. Obesity, inflammation, and cancer in dogs: Review and perspectives. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1004122. [PMID: 36262532 PMCID: PMC9573962 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1004122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the most common nutritional disease in dogs, and its prevalence has increased in recent decades. Several countries have demonstrated a prevalence of obesity in dogs similar to that observed in humans. Chronic low-grade inflammation is a prominent basis used to explain how obesity results in numerous negative health consequences. This is well known and understood, and recent studies have pointed to the association between obesity and predisposition to specific types of cancers and their complications. Such elucidations are important because, like obesity, the prevalence of cancer in dogs has increased in recent decades, establishing cancer as a significant cause of death for these animals. In the same way, intensive advances in technology in the field of human and veterinary medicine (which even proposes the use of animal models) have optimized existing therapeutic methods, led to the development of innovative treatments, and shortened the time to diagnosis of cancer. Despite the great challenges, this review aims to highlight the evidence obtained to date on the association between obesity, inflammation, and cancer in dogs, and the possible pathophysiological mechanisms that link obesity and carcinogenesis. The potential to control cancer in animals using existing knowledge is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H. Marchi
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Thiago H. A. Vendramini
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Mariana P. Perini
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Rafael V. A. Zafalon
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Andressa R. Amaral
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A. Ochamotto
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Juliano C. Da Silveira
- Laboratory of Molecular, Morphophysiology and Development (LMMD), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Maria L. Z. Dagli
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Oncology, Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio A. Brunetto
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil,Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,*Correspondence: Marcio A. Brunetto
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Park KB, Kim EY, Chin H, Yoon DJ, Jun KH. Leptin stimulates migration and invasion and maintains cancer stem‑like properties in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:162. [PMID: 35866593 PMCID: PMC9350977 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for various types of cancer. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, may stimulate the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. However, the effect of leptin and underlying mechanism in gastric cancer remain unclear. In the present study, the role of leptin in gastric cancer was evaluated. The effect of leptin on the JAK-STAT and MEK signaling pathways was investigated in gastric cancer cells using wound-healing and cell invasion assays, immunoblotting and inhibition studies. Cancer-initiating cells derived from gastric cancer cells were used to investigate the effect of leptin on the maintenance of stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by immunoblotting. Clinicopathological characteristics including the serum leptin level and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in patients with (n=23) and without (n=23) obesity. Leptin induced the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by activating AKT and ERK and upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Leptin increased the mRNA and protein levels of markers of stemness (CD44) and the EMT (Snail and N-cadherin). Pharmacological inhibitors of the JAK-STAT and MEK signaling pathways decreased leptin-induced migration and invasion, and the expression of VEGF. Obesity was associated with an elevated leptin level and body mass index was positively correlated with the leptin level (P=0.001 for both). The 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.098). Leptin stimulates the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by activating the JAK-STAT and MEK pathways, and contributes to the maintenance of cancer stemness and metastatic potential. The present findings support an adverse effect of obesity in gastric cancer. Consequently, targeting of leptin-associated signaling pathways may have therapeutic potential for gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Bum Park
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Paldal‑gu, Suwon‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 11765, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungmin Chin
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Paldal‑gu, Suwon‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Joon Yoon
- Clinical Medical Laboratory, St. Vincent's Hospital, Paldal‑gu, Suwon‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Hwa Jun
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Paldal‑gu, Suwon‑si, Gyeonggi‑do 16247, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Q, Wang H, Ding Y, Wan M, Xu M. The Role of Adipokines in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:926230. [PMID: 35875143 PMCID: PMC9305334 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.926230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern society, inappropriate diets and other lifestyle habits have made obesity an increasingly prominent health problem. Pancreatic cancer (PC), a kind of highly aggressive malignant tumor, is known as a silent assassin and is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide, pushing modern medicine beyond help. Adipokines are coming into notice because of the role of the intermediate regulatory junctions between obesity and malignancy. This review summarizes the current evidence for the relationship between highly concerning adipokines and the pathogenesis of PC. Not only are classical adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin included, but they also cover the recognized chemerin and osteopontin. Through a summary of the biological functions of these adipokines as well as their receptors, it was discovered that in addition to their basic function of stimulating the biological activity of tumors, more studies confirm that adipokines intervene in the progression of PC from the viewpoint of tumor metabolism, immune escape, and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Besides endocrine function, the impact of white adipose tissue (WAT)-induced chronic inflammation on PC is briefly discussed. Furthermore, the potential implication of the acknowledged endocrine behavior of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in relation to carcinogenesis is also explored. No matter the broad spectrum of obesity and the poor prognosis of PC, supplemental research is needed to unravel the detailed network of adipokines associated with PC. Exploiting profound therapeutic strategies that target adipokines and their receptors may go some way to improving the current worrying prognosis of PC patients.
Collapse
|
16
|
Alba J, Barcia R, Gutiérrez-Berzal J, Ramos-Martínez JI. Could inhibition of metalloproteinases be used to block the process of metastasis? Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:600-607. [PMID: 35789101 PMCID: PMC9544369 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multisequential process that allows tumor cells to migrate to tissues distant from the primary tumor. Only a small number of cells escape from the primary tumor; however, the metastases generated are responsible for more than 90% of cancer deaths. Many metastatic processes initially require the total or partial start‐up of a program for the transformation of tumor epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells (EMT). The launching of the EMT program is stimulated by cytokines and other elements produced by the diverse types of cells composing the tumor stroma. In parallel, a process of destabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) takes place by means of the synthesis of proteases of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family. EMC degradation allows the exportation of some tumor cells as mesenchymal cells to the circulatory system and their subsequent implantation in a tissue distant from the primary tumor. The blocking of these both processes appears as a hypothetical stop point in the metastatic mechanism. The present review deals with the different options to achieve the inhibition of MMPs, focusing on MMP7 as a target given its involvement in the metastatic processes of a wide variety of tumors. The simultaneous implantation of the epithelial–mesenchymal program and the synthesis and activation of matrix metalloproteinases during the first phases of the metastasis process is known. The inhibition of proteases could constitute a possible blockage of the process. The review describes the evolution of the different inhibition mechanisms that could inform applicable therapeutic mechanisms for the paralysis of the metastatic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alba
- Histobiomol, Hospital POLUSA, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ramiro Barcia
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Juan I Ramos-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou Q, Liu Y, Feng R, Zhang W. NUCB2: roles in physiology and pathology. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:603-617. [PMID: 35678998 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nucleobindin2 (NUCB2) is a member of nucleobindin family which was first found in the nucleus of the hypothalamus, and had a relationship in diet and energy homeostasis. Its location in normal tissues such as stomach and islet further confirms that it plays a vital role in the regulation of physiological functions of the body. Besides, NUCB2 participates in tumorigenesis through activating various signal-pathways, more and more studies indicate that NUCB2 might impact tumor progression by promoting or inhibiting proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, and invasion of tumor cells. In this review, we comprehensively stated NUCB2's expression and functions, and introduced the role of NUCB2 in physiology and pathology and its mechanism. What is more, pointed out the potential direction of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Socol CT, Chira A, Martinez-Sanchez MA, Nuñez-Sanchez MA, Maerescu CM, Mierlita D, Rusu AV, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, Trif M, Ramos-Molina B. Leptin Signaling in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4713. [PMID: 35563103 PMCID: PMC9102849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) are among the leading diseases causing deaths in the world, showing a complex multifactorial pathology. Obesity is considered a risk factor in CRC development through inflammation, metabolic, and signaling processes. Leptin is one of the most important adipokines related to obesity and an important proinflammatory marker, mainly expressed in adipose tissue, with many genetic variation profiles, many related influencing factors, and various functions that have been ascribed but not yet fully understood and elucidated, the most important ones being related to energy metabolism, as well as endocrine and immune systems. Aberrant signaling and genetic variations of leptin are correlated with obesity and CRC, with the genetic causality showing both inherited and acquired events, in addition to lifestyle and environmental risk factors; these might also be related to specific pathogenic pathways at different time points. Moreover, mutation gain is a crucial factor enabling the genetic process of CRC. Currently, the inconsistent and insufficient data related to leptin's relationship with obesity and CRC indicate the necessity of further related studies. This review summarizes the current knowledge on leptin genetics and its potential relationship with the main pathogenic pathways of obesity and CRC, in an attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms of these associations, in the context of inconsistent and contradictory data. The understanding of these mechanisms linking obesity and CRC could help to develop novel therapeutic targets and prevention strategies, resulting in a better prognosis and management of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Chira
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Antonia Martinez-Sanchez
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| | - Maria Angeles Nuñez-Sanchez
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| | | | - Daniel Mierlita
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oradea, 410048 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Vasile Rusu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonio Jose Ruiz-Alcaraz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Monica Trif
- Department of Food Research, Centiv GmbH, 28857 Syke, Germany;
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Babaei P, Hoseini R. Exercise training modulates adipokines dysregulations in metabolic syndrome. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 4:18-28. [PMID: 35782776 PMCID: PMC9219261 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for various metabolic diseases, and it is characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The core component for MetS is adipose tissue, which releases adipokines and influences physical health. Adipokines consist of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and contribute to various physiological functions. Generally, a sedentary lifestyle promotes fat accumulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines. However, regular exercise has been known to exert various beneficial effects on metabolic and cognitive disorders. Although the mechanisms underlying exercise beneficial effects in MetS are not fully understood, changes in energy expenditure, fat accumulation, circulatory level of myokines, and adipokines might be involved. This review article focuses on some of the selected adipokines in MetS, and their responses to exercise training considering possible mechanisms. Adipokines are a potential link between visceral fats and complications of MetS. Physical inactivity increases pro-inflammatory adipokines. Moderate aerobic exercise increases anti-inflammatory adipokines partly via reducing adipose tissue mass. Physical exercise-induced myokines might mediate beneficial effects via a cross-talk with adipose tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Babaei
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Corresponding author. Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Rastegar Hoseini
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang A, Wang S, Zhang F, Li W, Li Q, Liu X. The Prognosis of Leptin rs2167270 G > A (G19A) Polymorphism in the Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:754162. [PMID: 34868961 PMCID: PMC8637904 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.754162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the effect of the LEP G19A (rs2167270) polymorphism on cancers is assumed, the results of its influence have been contradictory. A meta-analysis was conducted to precisely verify the relationships between LEP G19A and the development of digestion-related cancers. Methods Investigators systematically searched the literature in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science and used STATA software 14.0 for the meta-analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the associations. Subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity, cancer type, and cancer system were further conducted to assess the relationship between the LEP G19A polymorphism and digestion-related cancers. Results In the overall population, we found a significant relationship with overall cancer (allele comparison: OR = 0.921, p = 0.000; dominant comparison: OR = 0.923, p = 0.004; recessive comparison: OR = 0.842, p = 0.000; homozygote model: OR = 0.0843, p = 0.001). In a subgroup analysis conducted by ethnicity, we obtained significant results in Asians (Asian allele comparison: OR = 0.885, p = 0.000; dominant comparison: OR = 0.862, p = 0.000; homozygote model: OR = 0.824, p = 0.039; and heterozygote comparison: OR = 0.868, p = 0.000) but not in Caucasians. In a subgroup analysis conducted by cancer type and cancer system, we obtained significant results that the LEP G19A polymorphism may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, digestive system cancer, and urinary system cancer. Conclusions This meta-analysis revealed that the LEP G19A polymorphism may decrease the risk of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiqiao Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangren Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neonatology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Neonatology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Leptin Protein Expression and Promoter Methylation in Ovarian Cancer: A Strong Prognostic Value with Theranostic Promises. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312872. [PMID: 34884678 PMCID: PMC8657586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest among all gynecological cancers. Epidemiological studies showed that obesity might influence many cancers including OC. One of the key factors that may link obesity and OC is leptin (LEP), known as an adipokine with pleiotropic effects on body homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the expression pattern of LEP, assess the methylation profiles of LEP and their associations with clinicopathological features including survival outcomes of OC patients. The protein expression of LEP was evaluated in 208 samples using both tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry techniques. The methylation profiles of LEP were measured in 63 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using a MethyLight assay. Our results showed a significant association of LEP protein overexpression with several clinicopathological variables, mainly tumor subtype, LVI, age of menarche, tumor size and stage (p < 0.04). Kaplan-Meier analysis (using low expression versus high expression as a discriminator) indicated that LEP protein overexpression is a powerful positive prognosticator of both OC recurrence (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in our OC cohort (log-rank p = 0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). This implies that patients with high LEP expression profiles live longer with less recurrence rates. Methylation analysis results demonstrated a clear association between no/low LEP protein expression pattern (38%) and LEP promoter CpG island hypermethylation (43%). Results of this study suggest that LEP is a powerful prognosticator of OC recurrence and DSS. LEP expression in OC seems to be regulated by its promoter hypermethylation through gene partial/total silencing. Further multi-institutional studies using larger cohorts are required to demystify the intricate molecular functions of this leptin-driven effects in OC pathophysiology and to accurately assess its theranostic potential and validate its prognostic/predictive power in OC onset, progression towards more effective and personalized management of OC patients.
Collapse
|
22
|
Li B, He Y, Li P, Chen X. Leptin Receptor Overlapping Transcript (LEPROT) Is Associated with the Tumor Microenvironment and a Prognostic Predictor in Pan-Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:749435. [PMID: 34804118 PMCID: PMC8596502 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.749435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptin receptor overlapping transcript (LEPROT) is reported to be involved in metabolism regulation and energy balance as well as molecular signaling of breast cancer and osteosarcoma. LEPROT is expressed in various tissue and is suggested to be involved in cancer developments but with contradictory roles. The comprehensive knowledge of the effects of LEPROT on cancer development and progression across pan-cancer is still missing. Methods The expressions of LEPROT in cancers were compared with corresponding normal tissues across pan-cancer types. The relationships between expression and methylation of LEPROT were then demonstrated. The correlations of LEPROT with the tumor microenvironment (TME), including immune checkpoints, tumor immune cells infiltration (TII), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), were also investigated. Co-expression analyses and functional enrichments were conducted to suggest the most relevant genes and the mechanisms of the effects in cancers for LEPROT. Finally, the correlations of LEPROT with patient survival and immunotherapy response were explored. Results LEPROT expression was found to be significantly aberrant in 15/19 (78.9%) cancers compared with corresponding normal tissues; LEPROT was downregulated in 12 cancers and upregulated in three cancers. LEPROT expressions were overall negatively correlated with its methylation alterations. Moreover, LEPROT was profoundly correlated with the TME, including immune checkpoints, TIIs, and CAFs. According to co-expression analyses and functional enrichments, the interactions of LEPROT with the TME may be mediated by the interleukin six signal transducer/the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of the transcription signaling pathway. Prognostic values may exist for LEPROT to predict patient survival and immunotherapy response in a context-dependent way. Conclusions LEPROT affects cancer development by interfering with the TME and regulating inflammatory or immune signals. LEPROT may also serve as a potential prognostic marker or a target in cancer therapy. This is the first study to investigate the roles of LEPROT across pan-cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yao He
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute for Pathology of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xiao H, Zhang Z, Peng D, Wei C, Ma B. Type II transmembrane serine proteases 4 (TMPRSS4) promotes proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial carcinoma cells (HEC1A and Ishikawa) via activation of MAPK and AKT. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:211-218. [PMID: 34408809 PMCID: PMC8366621 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1944311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in the developed countries. Type II transmembrane serine proteases 4 (TMPRSS4) is a newly discovered transmembrane protein, which may be related to the invasion, metastasis of the tumor and the poor prognosis. This study aims to investigate the role of TMPRSS4 in endometrial cancer and the detailed molecular mechanism. The results showed that TMPRSS4 was highly expressed in human endometrial cancer cells (HEC1A and Ishikawa). TMPRSS4 knockdown inhibited proliferation of endometrial cancer cells. In TMPRSS4 knockdown cells, the invasion of cells was significantly supressed. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly enhanced, while the levels of fibronectin and vimentin decreased in TMPRSS4 knockdown cells, which indicated thatTMPRSS4 knockdown attenuated the EMT of cancer cells. TMPRSS4 positively regulated the activation of MAPK and AKT signaling pathways in endometrial cancer. In conclusion, this study indicated that TMPRSS4 may be associated with the progression of endometrial cancer through promoting proliferation, invasion and EMT via activation of MAPK and AKT in endometrial cancer cells. TMPRSS4 may be a new and more effective target or therapeutic strategy for treating endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xiao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhian Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Peng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Wei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Huanggang Central Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Benling Ma
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jiménez-Cortegana C, López-Saavedra A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Pérez-Pérez A, Castiñeiras J, Virizuela-Echaburu JA, de la Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:913. [PMID: 34202969 PMCID: PMC8235379 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an important regulator of basal metabolism and food intake, with a pivotal role in obesity. Leptin exerts many different actions on various tissues and systems, including cancer, and is considered as a linkage between metabolism and the immune system. During the last decades, obesity and leptin have been associated with the initiation, proliferation and progression of many types of cancer. Obesity is also linked with complications and mortality, irrespective of the therapy used, affecting clinical outcomes. However, some evidence has suggested its beneficial role, called the "obesity paradox", and the possible antitumoral role of leptin. Recent data regarding the immunotherapy of cancer have revealed that overweight leads to a more effective response and leptin may probably be involved in this beneficial process. Since leptin is a positive modulator of both the innate and the adaptive immune system, it may contribute to the increased immune response stimulated by immunotherapy in cancer patients and may be proposed as a good actor in cancer. Our purpose is to review this dual role of leptin in cancer, as well as trying to clarify the future perspectives of this adipokine, which further highlights its importance as a cornerstone of the immunometabolism in oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.J.-C.); (A.L.-S.); (F.S.-J.); (A.P.-P.)
| | - Ana López-Saavedra
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.J.-C.); (A.L.-S.); (F.S.-J.); (A.P.-P.)
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.J.-C.); (A.L.-S.); (F.S.-J.); (A.P.-P.)
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.J.-C.); (A.L.-S.); (F.S.-J.); (A.P.-P.)
| | - Jesús Castiñeiras
- Urology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Juan A. Virizuela-Echaburu
- Medical Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (J.A.V.-E.); (L.d.l.C.-M.)
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Medical Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (J.A.V.-E.); (L.d.l.C.-M.)
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.J.-C.); (A.L.-S.); (F.S.-J.); (A.P.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lagunas-Rangel FA. Deciphering the whale's secrets to have a long life. Exp Gerontol 2021; 151:111425. [PMID: 34051285 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Whales are marine creatures known for their enormous size and that live in all the oceans on earth. One of the oldest known organisms is bowhead whales, which can survive up to 200 years, and similarly, other species of whales have shown a remarkable long lifespan. In addition to this, whales are highly resistant to cancer, a disease that is strongly related to aging and the accumulation of damage over time. These two characteristics make whales an interesting model to study and that can provide us with a track both to delay aging and to avoid pathologies associated with it, such as cancer. In the present work, we try to analyze different aspects of whales such as metabolism, hematological and biochemical characteristics, and properties of their genome and transcriptome in order to elucidate possible molecular mechanisms that evolution has provided to these aquatic mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leptin decreases apoptosis and promotes the activation of primordial follicles through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway in cultured ovine ovarian tissue. ZYGOTE 2021; 29:445-451. [PMID: 33906701 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199421000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of leptin on primordial follicle survival and activation after in vitro culture of ovine ovarian tissue and if leptin acts through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway. Ovarian fragments were fixed for histology (fresh control) or cultured for 7 days in control medium (α-MEM+) alone or supplemented with leptin (1, 5, 10, 25 or 50 ng/ml). Follicle morphology, activation and apoptosis were analyzed. Next, the fragments were cultured in the medium that showed the best results in the absence or the presence of the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), and immunohistostaining of p-Akt protein was assessed. After culture, the percentage of normal follicles decreased (P < 0.05) in all treatments compared with the fresh control. Moreover, control medium and 1 ng/ml leptin had similar (P > 0.05) percentages of normal follicles, which were significantly higher than those in other treatments. However, culture with 1 ng/ml leptin maintained apoptosis similarly (P > 0.05) to that of the fresh control and lower (P < 0.05) than that in α-MEM+. Leptin did not influence follicle activation (P > 0.05) compared with the control medium (α-MEM+). Culture in 1 ng/ml leptin with LY294002 decreased the normal follicles and increased apoptosis, inhibited follicle activation (P < 0.05), and reduced p-Akt immunostaining, compared with the medium containing 1 ng/ml leptin without PI3K inhibitor. In conclusion, leptin at 1 ng/ml reduces apoptosis and promotes the activation of primordial follicles compared with the fresh control after in vitro culture of ovine ovarian tissue possibly through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
|
27
|
García-Miranda A, Solano-Alcalá KA, Montes-Alvarado JB, Rosas-Cruz A, Reyes-Leyva J, Navarro-Tito N, Maycotte P, Castañeda-Saucedo E. Autophagy Mediates Leptin-Induced Migration and ERK Activation in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644851. [PMID: 33763424 PMCID: PMC7982408 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular recycling process active in eukaryotic cells that involves the formation of an autophagosome which delivers cytoplasmic components to the lysosome for degradation. This process occurs at low rates under basal conditions, but it can be induced by diverse types of stress such as starvation, hypoxia, metabolic disorders or in response to hormones, including leptin. Leptin is considered a pro-tumorigenic protein whose circulating levels have been related to bad prognosis in obese breast cancer patients. It has been recently demonstrated that leptin can induce autophagy in cancer cell lines from different tissues, suggesting that autophagy could modulate the pro-tumorigenic effects associated with leptin. In this study, the role of autophagy in leptin-induced proliferation, migration, apoptosis and ERK phosphorylation in breast cancer cell lines was evaluated. Although leptin differentially induced autophagy in the breast cancer cell lines tested, autophagy inhibition reduced leptin-induced cell proliferation in MCF7 cells and decreased cell migration, ERK activation, and impaired morphological changes in both cell lines. Our data demonstrates an important role for basal autophagy or leptin-induced autophagy in leptin-induced migration and ERK phosphorylation in breast cancer cell lines, suggesting a potential use for the inhibition of autophagy in breast cancer associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alin García-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Karen Aylín Solano-Alcalá
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico.,Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, Mexico
| | | | - Arely Rosas-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julio Reyes-Leyva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | - Paola Maycotte
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Castañeda-Saucedo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Garay-Sevilla ME, Gomez-Ojeda A, González I, Luévano-Contreras C, Rojas A. Contribution of RAGE axis activation to the association between metabolic syndrome and cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1555-1573. [PMID: 33398664 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Far beyond the compelling proofs supporting that the metabolic syndrome represents a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, a growing body of evidence suggests that it is also a risk factor for different types of cancer. However, the involved molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood, and they have been mainly focused on the individual contributions of each component of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hyperglycemia, and high blood pressure to the development of cancer. The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) axis activation has emerged as an important contributor to the pathophysiology of many clinical entities, by fueling a chronic inflammatory milieu, and thus supporting an optimal microenvironment to promote tumor growth and progression. In the present review, we intend to highlight that RAGE axis activation is a crosswise element on the potential mechanistic contributions of some relevant components of metabolic syndrome into the association with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Armando Gomez-Ojeda
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Ileana González
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Claudia Luévano-Contreras
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang PP, Ding SY, Sun YY, Li YH, Fu WN. MYCT1 Inhibits the Adhesion and Migration of Laryngeal Cancer Cells Potentially Through Repressing Collagen VI. Front Oncol 2021; 10:564733. [PMID: 33680912 PMCID: PMC7931689 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.564733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MYCT1, a target of c-Myc, inhibits laryngeal cancer cell migration, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the study, we detected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from laryngeal cancer cells transfected by MYCT1 using RNA-seq (GSE123275). DEGs from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were first screened by comparison of transcription data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE6631) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). GO and KEGG pathway analysis explained the functions of the DEGs. The DEGs overlapped between GSE6631and TCGA datasets were then compared with ours to find the key DEGs downstream of MYCT1 related to the adhesion and migration of laryngeal cancer cells. qRT-PCR and Western blot were applied to validate gene expression at mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Finally, the cell adhesion, migration, and wound healing assays were to check cell adhesion and migration abilities, respectively. As results, 39 overlapping genes were enriched in the GSE6631 and TCGA datasets, and most of them revealed adhesion function. Thirteen of 39 genes including COL6 members COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 were overlapped in GSE6631, TCGA, and GSE123275 datasets. Similar to our RNA-seq results, we confirmed that COL6 is a target of MYCT1 in laryngeal cancer cells. We also found that MYCT1 inhibited the adhesion and migration of laryngeal cancer cells via COL6. These indicate that COL6 is a potential target of MYCT1 and participates the adhesion and migration of laryngeal cancer cells, which provides an important clue for further study on how MYCT1 regulating COL6 in laryngeal cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Peng Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si-Yu Ding
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun-Hui Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei-Neng Fu
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Olea-Flores M, Juárez-Cruz JC, Zuñiga-Eulogio MD, Acosta E, García-Rodríguez E, Zacapala-Gomez AE, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Ortiz-Ortiz J, Ortuño-Pineda C, Navarro-Tito N. New Actors Driving the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer: The Role of Leptin. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1676. [PMID: 33334030 PMCID: PMC7765557 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a hormone secreted mainly by adipocytes; physiologically, it participates in the control of appetite and energy expenditure. However, it has also been linked to tumor progression in different epithelial cancers. In this review, we describe the effect of leptin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in different study models, including in vitro, in vivo, and patient studies and in various types of cancer, including breast, prostate, lung, and ovarian cancer. The different studies report that leptin promotes the expression of mesenchymal markers and a decrease in epithelial markers, in addition to promoting EMT-related processes such as cell migration and invasion and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Finally, we report that leptin has the greatest biological relevance in EMT and tumor progression in breast, lung, prostate, esophageal, and ovarian cancer. This relationship could be due to the key role played by the enriched tumor microenvironment in adipose tissue. Together, these findings demonstrate that leptin is a key biomolecule that drives EMT and metastasis in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (M.O.-F.); (J.C.J.-C.); (M.D.Z.-E.); (E.A.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Juan C. Juárez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (M.O.-F.); (J.C.J.-C.); (M.D.Z.-E.); (E.A.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Miriam D. Zuñiga-Eulogio
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (M.O.-F.); (J.C.J.-C.); (M.D.Z.-E.); (E.A.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Erika Acosta
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (M.O.-F.); (J.C.J.-C.); (M.D.Z.-E.); (E.A.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Eduardo García-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (M.O.-F.); (J.C.J.-C.); (M.D.Z.-E.); (E.A.); (E.G.-R.)
| | - Ana E. Zacapala-Gomez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (M.A.M.-C.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Miguel A. Mendoza-Catalán
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (M.A.M.-C.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (A.E.Z.-G.); (M.A.M.-C.); (J.O.-O.)
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Ácidos Nucleicos y Proteinas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico;
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090, Mexico; (M.O.-F.); (J.C.J.-C.); (M.D.Z.-E.); (E.A.); (E.G.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu M, Lou W, Lou M, Fu P, Yu XF. Integrated Analysis of Distant Metastasis-Associated Genes and Potential Drugs in Colon Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:576615. [PMID: 33194689 PMCID: PMC7645237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.576615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients die of distant metastasis, though there are some therapies for metastatic COAD. However, the genes exclusively expressed in metastatic COAD remain unclear. This study aims to identify prognosis-related genes associated with distant metastasis and develop therapeutic strategies for COAD patients. Methods: Transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 514) cohort were analyzed as a discovery dataset. Next, the data from the GEPIA database and PROGgeneV2 database were used to validate our analysis. Key genes were identified based on the differential miRNA and mRNA expression with respect to M stage. The potential drugs targeting candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also investigated. Results: A total of 127 significantly DEGs in patients with distant metastasis compared with patients without distant metastasis were identified. Then, four prognosis-related genes (LEP, DLX2, CLSTN2, and REG3A) were selected based on clustering analysis and survival analysis. Finally, three compounds targeting the candidate DEGs, including ajmaline, TTNPB, and dydrogesterone, were predicted to be potential drugs for COAD. Conclusions: This study revealed that distant metastasis in COAD is associated with a specific group of genes, and three existing drugs may suppress the distant metastasis of COAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaowei Wu
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyang Lou
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Lou
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hyperadiposity, as present in obesity, is a substantial threat to cancer risk and prognosis. Studies that have investigated the link between obesity and tumor progression have proposed several mechanistic frameworks, yet, these mechanisms are not fully defined. Further, a comprehensive understanding of how these various mechanisms may interact to create a dynamic disease state is lacking in the current literature. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work has begun to explore not only discrete mechanisms by which obesity may promote tumor growth (for instance, metabolic and growth factor functions of insulin; inflammatory cytokines; adipokines; and others), but also how these putative tumor-promoting factors may interact. SUMMARY This review will highlight the present understanding of obesity, as it relates to tumor development and progression. First, we will introduce the impact of obesity in cancer within the dynamic tumor microenvironment, which will serve as a theme to frame this review. The core of this review will discuss recently proposed mechanisms that implicate obesity in tumor progression, including chronic inflammation and the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, hormones, and genetic approaches. Furthermore, we intend to offer current insight in targeting adipose tissue during the development of cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andin Fosam
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine Yale University, TAC, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine Yale University, TAC, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ma R, He Q. A Variant of Leptin Gene Decreases the Risk of Gastric Cancer in Chinese Individuals: Evidence from a Case-Control Study. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2020; 13:397-404. [PMID: 33061532 PMCID: PMC7519837 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s258672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background A host of studies have explored the potential connection between leptin (LEP) G19A polymorphism and the risk of cancers, but the relationship between gastric cancer (GC) susceptibility and LEP G19A polymorphism was not revealed before. The aim of this study was to investigate this relationship in Chinese Han population. Methods Thus, this case–control study with 380 GC cases and 465 controls was designed to unearth the link between LEP G19A polymorphism and GC susceptibility. Genotyping was accomplished by a custom-made 48-Plex SNP scanTM kit. Relative LEP gene expression was detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results LEP G19A polymorphism was shown to relate with a decreased risk of GC. Subgroup analyses uncovered significant connections in the males, nondrinkers, and those at age <60 years. G19A polymorphism was also linked with tumor size and location and pathological type of GC. Last, LEP gene expression in gastric tissues was considerably less than in control tissues. Conclusion This study shows that G19A polymorphism of LEP gene is linked with a lower risk of GC in the tested Chinese Han individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, 212300, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, 212300, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, Sánchez-Margalet V. Role of Leptin in Inflammation and Vice Versa. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5887. [PMID: 32824322 PMCID: PMC7460646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential immune response for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In a general sense, acute and chronic inflammation are different types of adaptive response that are called into action when other homeostatic mechanisms are insufficient. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the cellular and molecular events that are involved in the acute inflammatory response to infection and tissue injury, the causes and mechanisms of systemic chronic inflammation are much less known. The pathogenic capacity of this type of inflammation is puzzling and represents a common link of the multifactorial diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. In recent years, interest has been raised by the discovery of novel mediators of inflammation, such as microRNAs and adipokines, with different effects on target tissues. In the present review, we discuss the data emerged from research of leptin in obesity as an inflammatory mediator sustaining multifactorial diseases and how this knowledge could be instrumental in the design of leptin-based manipulation strategies to help restoration of abnormal immune responses. On the other direction, chronic inflammation, either from autoimmune or infectious diseases, or impaired microbiota (dysbiosis) may impair the leptin response inducing resistance to the weight control, and therefore it may be a cause of obesity. Thus, we are reviewing the published data regarding the role of leptin in inflammation, and the other way around, the role of inflammation on the development of leptin resistance and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (F.S.-J.); (T.V.-G.)
| | | | | | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (F.S.-J.); (T.V.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gorrab A, Pagano A, Ayed K, Chebil M, Derouiche A, Kovacic H, Gati A. Leptin Promotes Prostate Cancer Proliferation and Migration by Stimulating STAT3 Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1217-1227. [PMID: 32698628 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1792946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the link between obesity and prostate cancer (PC) aggressiveness, we investigate the role of leptin, an obesity associated adipokine, and its receptor (Ob-R) in PC cells migration. The migration assay (Wound-healing) was used to study the leptin impact on DU-145 and PC3 cells lines. STAT3 activation was performed by Western Blot. E-cadherin expression was studied using fluorescence microscopy and Ob-R expression in PC and benign prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) biopsies was assessed by RT-PCR. In this study we demonstrate that high dose of leptin promotes PC cells migration and EMT transition via the stimulation of STAT3 pathway. In addition, we report that although Ob-R mRNA is expressed by ADK and BPH resections biopsies, significant higher levels were observed for ADK patients. Finally, we found a positive association between Ob-R mRNA expression and worse PC prognosis. A better understanding of the molecular processes of leptin signaling is crucial for identifying appropriate approaches for treatment of obesity-related PC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Gorrab
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Department of Biology - Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alessandra Pagano
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7051, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), CNRS, Fac Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Khouloud Ayed
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Department of Biology - Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chebil
- Department of Urology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amine Derouiche
- Department of Urology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hervé Kovacic
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7051, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), CNRS, Fac Médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Asma Gati
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Department of Biology - Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gourgue F, Mignion L, Van Hul M, Dehaen N, Bastien E, Payen V, Leroy B, Joudiou N, Vertommen D, Bouzin C, Delzenne N, Gallez B, Feron O, Jordan BF, Cani PD. Obesity and triple-negative-breast-cancer: Is apelin a new key target? J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10233-10244. [PMID: 32681609 PMCID: PMC7520321 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that obese subjects have an increased risk of developing triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) and an overall reduced survival. However, the relation between obesity and TNBC remains difficult to understand. We hypothesize that apelin, an adipokine whose levels are increased in obesity, could be a major factor contributing to both tumour growth and metastatization in TNBC obese patients. We observed that development of obesity under high‐fat diet in TNBC tumour‐bearing mice significantly increased tumour growth. By showing no effect of high‐fat diet in obesity‐resistant mice, we demonstrated the necessity to develop obesity‐related disorders to increase tumour growth. Apelin mRNA expression was also increased in the subcutaneous adipose tissue and tumours of obese mice. We further highlighted that the reproduction of obesity‐related levels of apelin in lean mice led to an increased TNBC growth and brain metastases formation. Finally, injections of the apelinergic antagonist F13A to obese mice significantly reduced TNBC growth, suggesting that apelinergic system interference could be an interesting therapeutic strategy in the context of obesity and TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gourgue
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lionel Mignion
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Dehaen
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Estelle Bastien
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valery Payen
- Pole of Pediatrics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Leroy
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Microbiology, MS-Quanta Platform, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Vertommen
- de Duve Institute (DDUV), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Imaging platform 2IP, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Delzenne
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte F Jordan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism & Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Du C, Wang C, Guan X, Li J, Du X, Xu Z, Li B, Liu Y, Fu F, Huo H, Zheng Z. Asprosin is associated with anorexia and body fat mass in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:1369-1375. [PMID: 32661697 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing evidence suggests that many adipokines are involved in cancer-related anorexia and cachexia syndrome (CACS), although the underlying mechanism remains to be clarify. Asprosin is a new peptide hormone mainly secreted by white adipose tissues that can increase appetite and body weight. In this cross-sectional study, we tested whether asprosin may intervene in the development of CACS. METHODS The fasting plasma asprosin levels were determined via enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. Anorexia was determined using the anorexia/cachexia subscale (A/CS) of the functional assessment of anorexia/cachexia therapy (FAACT) questionnaire. The body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The association of plasma asprosin with anorexia, cachexia, and nutritional status was analyzed. RESULTS One hundred twenty treatment-naïve patients with pathological confirmed gastrointestinal or lung cancer and 14 mild gastritis patients were recruited. We found no significant difference in asprosin levels between subgroups of patients by age, sex, cancer types or stage. Correlation analysis suggested that asprosin levels were positively associated with body fat mass (r = 0.248, p = 0.043). No correlations were found between asprosin levels and hemoglobin, white blood cell count, blood platelet count, albumin, C-reactive protein, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, body mass index, body fat percentage, protein, skeletal muscle, muscle mass, lean body mass, and basal metabolic rate. Furthermore, asprosin levels were not significantly different between patients with or without cachexia. However, patients with anorexia had significantly lower asprosin levels compared with patients without anorexia. No significant difference in asprosin levels between gastritis and gastric cancer patients. Similarly, no significant change of asprosin levels occurred postoperatively in 10 gastric cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with anorexia had significantly lower asprosin levels compared with patients without anorexia. We therefore speculated that asprosin might intervene in the development of cancer anorexia and serve as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Du
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Du
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuxuan Xu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolei Li
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangwei Fu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Huo
- Department of Clinical Trial Management Agency, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhendong Zheng
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110840, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mele C, Caputo M, Samà MT, Bullara V, Mauri MG, Prodam F, Aimaretti G, Pagano L, Marzullo P. The role of metabolic setting in predicting the risk of early tumour relapse of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 74:1038-1046. [PMID: 32518296 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of insulin resistance and adipocytokines in determining the phenotype and recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is still unknown. In a previous study, we observed an association between metabolic setting, circulating adipocytokines and thyroid cancer phenotype. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical follow-up of patients with DTC and the predictive role of metabolic setting on the risk of tumour relapse. METHODS Between September 2016 and January 2017, 57 patients were admitted to our institution to undergo total thyroidectomy because of suspected DTC. Thirty patients with post-surgical histological diagnosis of DTC were included in the study. Each subject underwent pre-surgical analysis of anthropometric parameters, thyroid function and autoimmunity, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and levels of unacylated and acylated ghrelin, obestatin, leptin and adiponectin. Tumour recurrence at 1 and 3 years from diagnosis was assessed. RESULTS Most patients were females (21F, 9M) with a median age at diagnosis of 50.0 (41.0-58.8). At baseline, overweight was found in 7 patients and obesity in 6 cases. Insulin resistance was detected in 14 patients. Overall, 17 patients (56.7%) underwent radioiodine treatment after surgery. During the follow-up, we observed a persistent biochemical disease in one patient whereas tumour relapse was found in six patients at 1 year from diagnosis (lymph node metastases) and in one patient at 3 years from diagnosis (lung metastases). Independently from age, sex, stage of disease and the presence of lymph node metastasis at diagnosis, higher BMI, leptin and insulin levels as well as HOMA-IR were associated with a higher risk of tumour relapse (p < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight a possible role for BMI, leptin and insulin resistance as predictors of early DTC relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. .,Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, Italy.
| | - Marina Caputo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Samà
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Bullara
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Mauri
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Loredana Pagano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yu Y, Gong L, Ye J. The Role of Aberrant Metabolism in Cancer: Insights Into the Interplay Between Cell Metabolic Reprogramming, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:942. [PMID: 32596159 PMCID: PMC7301691 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. Patients with MetS or other metabolic disorders are more susceptible to cancer development and recurrence and have a worse long-term prognosis. Moreover, the metabolic reprogramming observed in cancer cells has also been described as one of the new hallmarks of cancer. Thus, aberrant metabolism has been proposed as an important risk factor for cancer. Chronic inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oncogenic signaling pathways are considered as main potential triggers. Considering the strong association between metabolism and cancer, metabolism-modulating drugs, including metformin and statins, as well as adopting a healthy lifestyle, have been extensively investigated as strategies to combat cancer. Furthermore, strategies that interfere with the metabolic rewiring of cells may also have potent anti-cancer effects. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge on the relationship between aberrant metabolism and cancer and discuss the potential use of metabolism-targeting strategy for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yina Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cixi People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mohammadi F, Javid H, Afshari AR, Mashkani B, Hashemy SI. Substance P accelerates the progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF-A, and VEGFR1 overexpression. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4263-4272. [PMID: 32436041 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinins such as Substance P (SP) are a group of neuropeptides that are involved in cancer development. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) is the main tachykinin receptor mediating the effects of SP, which is overexpressed in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and other malignant tissues. However, the effects of SP/NK-1R system on the migration of esophageal cancer cells and angiogenesis is not clear yet. This study seeks to obtain data to address these research gaps. In order to assess the effects of the FDA-approved aprepitant drug, a commercially available NK-1R antagonist, on the viability of KYSE-30 ESCC cells, resazurin assay was performed. The influence of SP/NK-1R system on the migration potential of these cells was examined using scratch assay. The effects of this system on the expression levels of metastatic factors were also examined by RT-PCR and western blot analyses. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for KYSE-30 cells treated with aprepitant found to be 29.88 μM. Treatment with SP significantly promoted KYSE-30 esophageal cancer cell migration, and aprepitant blocked this effect. In addition, SP significantly induced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and VEGF receptor1 (VEGFR1) in the cells, whereas aprepitant inhibited the up-regulation effects caused by SP. SP plays important roles in the development of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by promoting cancer cell invasion and enhancing the expression of factors involved in cellular migration and angiogenesis, which can be blocked by the NK-1R antagonist, aprepitant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Afshari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yousefi M, Dehghani S, Nosrati R, Ghanei M, Salmaninejad A, Rajaie S, Hasanzadeh M, Pasdar A. Current insights into the metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer - hopes and hurdles. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:515-538. [PMID: 32418122 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Despite various attempts to improve the diagnosis and therapy of ovarian cancer patients, the survival rate for these patients is still dismal, mainly because most of them are diagnosed at a late stage. Up to 90% of ovarian cancers arise from neoplastic transformation of ovarian surface epithelial cells, and are usually referred to as epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Unlike most human cancers, which are disseminated through blood-borne metastatic routes, EOC has traditionally been thought to be disseminated through direct migration of ovarian tumor cells to the peritoneal cavity and omentum via peritoneal fluid. It has recently been shown, however, that EOC can also be disseminated through blood-borne metastatic routes, challenging previous thoughts about ovarian cancer metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Here, we review our current understanding of the most updated cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying EOC metastasis and discuss in more detail two main metastatic routes of EOC, i.e., transcoelomic metastasis and hematogenous metastasis. The emerging concept of blood-borne EOC metastasis has led to exploration of the significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as novel and non-invasive prognostic markers in this daunting cancer. We also evaluate the role of tumor stroma, including cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), endothelial cells, adipocytes, dendritic cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) components in EOC growth and metastasis. Lastly, we discuss therapeutic approaches for targeting EOC. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying EOC metastasis will open up avenues to the design of new therapeutic options. For instance, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the hematogenous metastasis of EOC, the biology of CTCs, and the detailed mechanisms through which EOC cells take advantage of stromal cells may help to find new opportunities for targeting EOC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahim Nosrati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghanei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Rajaie
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Pasdar
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Division of Applied Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, García-Hernández AA, Ramos C. Matrix Metalloproteinases' Role in Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1245:97-131. [PMID: 32266655 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells evolve in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by the acquisition of characteristics that allow them to initiate their passage through a series of events that constitute the metastatic cascade. For this purpose, tumor cells maintain a crosstalk with TME non-neoplastic cells transforming them into their allies. "Corrupted" cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) as well as neoplastic cells express and secrete matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, TME metabolic conditions such as hypoxia and acidification induce MMPs' synthesis in both cancer and stromal cells. MMPs' participation in TME consists in promoting events, for example, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis resistance, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. MMPs also facilitate tumor cell migration through the basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the present chapter is to discuss MMPs' contribution to the evolution of cancer cells, their cellular origin, and their influence in the main processes that take place in the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Armando García-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Divella R, Daniele A, DE Luca R, Mazzocca A, Ruggieri E, Savino E, Casamassima P, Simone M, Sabba C, Paradiso A. Synergism of Adipocytokine Profile and ADIPOQ/TNF-α Polymorphisms in NAFLD-associated MetS Predict Colorectal Liver Metastases Outgrowth. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 16:519-530. [PMID: 31659105 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the altered profile of adipocytokine and genetic fingerprint in NAFLD-associated metabolic syndrome "cluster" represents synergistic risk factors predicting onset of liver colorectal cancer metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 165 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled, 56,3% were with metabolic syndrome/NAFLD. Serum samples were assayed for ADIPOQ, leptin and TNF-a levels by ELISA. ADIPOQ rs266729 C/G and TNF-308 A/G genotypes were analyzed in DNA isolated from whole blood. RESULTS Reduction in adiponectin levels and increase in leptin and TNF-α was shown in patients with liver metastases. This trend was influenced by BMI, MetS/NAFLD, and insulin resistance. ADIPOQ G rs266729 and TNF- 308 A allele are associated with obesity, MetS/NAFLD and insulin resistance. ADIPOQ CG/GG and GA/AA TNF-alpha genotypes confer susceptibility to liver metastases. CONCLUSION Obesity and hepatic steatosis significantly favor the development of colorectal cancer liver metastases and the individual adipocytokines genetic profile may play an important predictive role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele DE Luca
- Department of Surgery Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Eustachio Ruggieri
- Department of Surgery Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Eufemia Savino
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Porzia Casamassima
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Simone
- Department of Surgery Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabba
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Paradiso
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Maroni P. Leptin, Adiponectin, and Sam68 in Bone Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031051. [PMID: 32033341 PMCID: PMC7037668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most serious aspect of neoplastic disease is the spread of cancer cells to secondary sites. Skeletal metastases can escape detection long after treatment of the primary tumour and follow-up. Bone tissue is a breeding ground for many types of cancer cells, especially those derived from the breast, prostate, and lung. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, bone metastases still have a profound impact on quality of life and survival and are often responsible for the fatal outcome of the disease. Bone and the bone marrow environment contain a wide variety of cells. No longer considered a passive filler, bone marrow adipocytes have emerged as critical contributors to cancer progression. Released by adipocytes, adipokines are soluble factors with hormone-like functions and are currently believed to affect tumour development. Src-associated in mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), originally discovered as a protein physically associated with and phosphorylated by c-Src during mitosis, is now recognised as an important RNA-binding protein linked to tumour onset and progression of disease. Sam68 also regulates splicing events and recent evidence reports that dysregulation of these events is a key step in neoplastic transformation and tumour progression. The present review reports recent findings on adipokines and Sam68 and their role in breast cancer progression and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
The Adipose Stem Cell as a Novel Metabolic Actor in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Progression: Evidence from an In Vitro Tumor Microenvironment Crosstalk Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121931. [PMID: 31817072 PMCID: PMC6966501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic interplay between the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells is a potential target for novel anti-cancer approaches. Among stromal components, adipocytes and adipose precursors have been shown to actively participate in tumor progression in several solid malignancies. In adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare endocrine neoplasia with a poor prognosis, cancer cells often infiltrate the fat mass surrounding the adrenal organ, enabling possible crosstalk with the adipose cells. Here, by using an in vitro co-culture system, we show that the interaction between adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the adrenocortical cancer cell line H295R leads to metabolic and functional reprogramming of both cell types: cancer cells limit differentiation and increase proliferation of ASCs, which in turn support tumor growth and invasion. This effect associates with a shift from the paracrine cancer-promoting IGF2 axis towards an ASC-associated leptin axis, along with a shift in the SDF-1 axis towards CXCR7 expression in H295R cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that adipose precursors, as pivotal components of the ACC microenvironment, promote cancer cell reprogramming and invasion, opening new perspectives for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
46
|
Ortega-Azorín C, Coltell O, Asensio EM, Sorlí JV, González JI, Portolés O, Saiz C, Estruch R, Ramírez-Sabio JB, Pérez-Fidalgo A, Ordovas JM, Corella D. Candidate Gene and Genome-Wide Association Studies for Circulating Leptin Levels Reveal Population and Sex-Specific Associations in High Cardiovascular Risk Mediterranean Subjects. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112751. [PMID: 31766143 PMCID: PMC6893551 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a hormone crucial in the regulation of food intake and body-weight maintenance. However, the genes and gene variants that influence its plasma levels are still not well known. Results of studies investigating polymorphisms in candidate genes have been inconsistent, and, in addition, very few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been undertaken. Our aim was to investigate the genes and gene variants most associated with plasma leptin concentrations in a high-cardiovascular-risk Mediterranean population. We measured plasma leptin in 1011 men and women, and analyzed the genetic factors associated using three approaches: (1) Analyzing the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in a GWAS meta-analysis in other populations (including an SNP in/near each of these LEP, SLC32A1, GCKR, CCNL, COBLL1, and FTO genes); (2) Investigating additional SNPs in/near those genes, also including the RLEP gene; and (3) Undertaking a GWAS to discover new genes. We did not find any statistically significant associations between the previously published SNPs and plasma leptin (Ln) in the whole population adjusting for sex and age. However, on undertaking an extensive screening of other gene variants in those genes to capture a more complete set of SNPs, we found more associations. Outstanding among the findings was the heterogeneity per sex. We detected several statistically significant interaction terms with sex for these SNPs in the candidate genes. The gene most associated with plasma leptin levels was the FTO gene in men (specifically the rs1075440 SNP) and the LEPR in women (specifically the rs12145690 SNP). In the GWAS on the whole population, we found several new associations at the p < 1 × 10-5 level, among them with the rs245908-CHN2 SNP (p = 1.6 × 10-6). We also detected a SNP*sex interaction at the GWAS significance level (p < 5 × 10-8), involving the SLIT3 gene, a gene regulated by estrogens. In conclusion, our study shows that the SNPs selected as relevant for plasma leptin levels in other populations, are not good markers for this Mediterranean population, so supporting those studies claiming a bias when generalizing GWAS results to different populations. These population-specific differences may include not only genetic characteristics, but also age, health status, and the influence of other environmental variables. In addition, we have detected several sex-specific effects. These results suggest that genomic analyses, involving leptin, should be estimated by sex and consider population-specificity for more precise estimations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ortega-Azorín
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
| | - Oscar Coltell
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Eva M. Asensio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
| | - Jose V. Sorlí
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
| | - José I. González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
| | - Olga Portolés
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
| | - Carmen Saiz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Alimentación, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (C.O.-A.); (E.M.A.); (J.V.S.); (J.I.G.); (O.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.-F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (O.C.); (R.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-386-4800
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Analysis of Transcriptome, Selected Intracellular Signaling Pathways, Proliferation and Apoptosis of LNCaP Cells Exposed to High Leptin Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215412. [PMID: 31671654 PMCID: PMC6861914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin, the first discovered adipokine, has been connected to various physiological and pathophysiological processes, including cancerogenesis. Increasing evidence confirms its influence on prostate cancer cells. However, studies on the effects of leptin on the proliferation and apoptosis of the androgen-sensitive LNCaP line of prostate cancer cells brought conflicting results. Therefore, we performed studies on the effects of high LEP concentration (1 × 10−6 M) on gene expression profile, change of selected signaling pathways, proliferation and apoptosis of LNCaP cells. RTCA (real-time cell analyzer) revealed inhibitory effect of LEP on cell proliferation, but lower LEP concentrations (10−8 and 10−10 M) did not affect cell division. Moreover, flow cytometry with a specific antibody for Cleaved PARP-1, an apoptosis marker, confirmed the activation of apoptosis in leptin-exposed LNCaP line of prostate cancer cells. Within 24 h LEP (10−6 M) increases expression of 297 genes and decreases expression of 119 genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were subjected to functional annotation and clusterization using the DAVID bioinformatics tools. Most ontological groups are associated with proliferation and apoptosis (seven groups), immune response (six) and extracellular matrix (two). These results were confirmed by the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The leptin’s effect on apoptosis stimulation was also confirmed using Pathview library. These results were also confirmed by qPCR method. The results of Western Blot analysis (exposure to LEP 10 min, 1, 2, 4 and 24 h) suggest (after 24 h) decrease of p38 MAPK, p44-42 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Bcl-2 phosphorylated at threonine 56. Moreover, exposure of LNCaP cells to LEP significantly stimulates the secretion of matrix metallopeptidase 7 (MMP7). Obtained results suggest activation of apoptotic processes in LNCaP cells cultured at high LEP concentration. At the same time, this activation is accompanied by inhibition of proliferation of the tested cells.
Collapse
|
48
|
Al-Shibli SM, Harun N, Ashour AE, Mohd Kasmuri MHB, Mizan S. Expression of leptin and leptin receptors in colorectal cancer-an immunohistochemical study. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7624. [PMID: 31592340 PMCID: PMC6778430 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is demonstrated to be a risk factor in the development of cancers of various organs, such as colon, prostate, pancreas and so on. Leptine (LEP) is the most renowned of the adipokines. As a hormone, it mediates its effect through leptin receptor (LEPR), which is widely expressed in various tissues including colon mucosa. In this study, we have investigated the degree of expression of LEP and LEPR in colorectal cancer (CRC). We collected 44 surgically resected colon cancer tissues along with normal adjacent colon tissue (NACT) from a sample of CRC patients from the Malaysian population and looked for leptin and leptin receptors using immunohistochemistry (IHC). All the samples showed low presence of both LEP and LEPR in NACT, while both LEP and LEPR were present at high intensity in the cancerous tissues with 100% and 97.7% prevalence, respectively. Both were sparsed in the cytoplasm and were concentrated beneath the cell membrane. However, we did not find any significant correlation between their expression and pathological parameters like grade, tumor size, and lymph node involvement. Our study further emphasizes the possible causal role of LEP and LEPR with CRC, and also the prospect of using LEPR as a possible therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Al-Shibli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Norra Harun
- Pathology Department, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hanif B Mohd Kasmuri
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shaikh Mizan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ghasemi A, Hashemy SI, Azimi-Nezhad M, Dehghani A, Saeidi J, Mohtashami M. The cross-talk between adipokines and miRNAs in health and obesity-mediated diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 499:41-53. [PMID: 31476303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have revealed a direct correlation between obesity and the development of multiple comorbidities, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disorders, chronic inflammatory disease, and cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the link between obesity and the progression of these diseases is not completely understood. Adipokines are factors that are secreted by adipocytes and play a key role in whole body homeostasis. Collaboratively, miRNAs are suggested to have key functions in the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders. Based on recently emerging evidence, obesity leads to the dysregulation of both adipokines and obesity-related miRNAs. In the present study, we described the correlations between obesity and its related diseases that are mediated by the mutual regulatory effects of adipokines and miRNAs. METHODS We reviewed current knowledge of the modulatory effects of adipokines on miRNAs activity and their relevant functions in pathological conditions and vice versa. RESULTS Our research reveals the ability of adipokines and miRNAs to control the expression and activity of the other class of molecules, and their effects on obesity-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study may help researchers develop a roadmap for future investigations and provide opportunities to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic methods for treating obesity-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghasemi
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; UMR INSERM U 1122, IGE-PCV, Interactions Gène-Environment en Physiopathologie Cardiovascular Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Alireza Dehghani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Mohtashami
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| |
Collapse
|