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Rababi D, Nag A. A top-down approach for studying the in-silico effect of the novel phytocompound tribulusamide B on the inhibition of Nipah virus transmission through targeting fusion glycoprotein and matrix protein. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 112:108135. [PMID: 38944906 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The proteins of Nipah virus ascribe to its lifecycle and are crucial to infections caused by the virus. In the absence of approved therapeutics, these proteins can be considered as drug targets. This study examined the potential of fifty-three (53) natural compounds to inhibit Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein (NiV F) and matrix protein (NiV M) in silico. The molecular docking experiment, supported by the principal component analysis (PCA), showed that out of all the phytochemicals considered, Tribulusamide B had the highest inhibitory potential against the target proteins NiV F and NiV M (-9.21 and -8.66 kcal mol-1, respectively), when compared to the control drug, Ribavirin (-7.01 and -6.52 kcal mol-1, respectively). Furthermore, it was found that Tribulusamide B pharmacophores, namely, hydrogen donors, acceptors, aromatic and hydrophobic groups, contributed towards the effective residual interactions with the target proteins. The molecular dynamic simulation further validated the results of the docking studies and concluded that Tribulusamide B formed a stable complex with the target proteins. The data obtained from MM-PBSA study further explained that the phytochemical could strongly bind with NiV F (-31.26 kJ mol-1) and NiV M (-40.26 kJ mol-1) proteins in comparison with the control drug Ribavirin (-13.12 and -13.94 kJ mol-1, respectively). Finally, the results indicated that Tribulusamide B, a common inhibitor effective against multiple proteins, can be considered a potential therapeutic entity in treating the Nipah virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Rababi
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ University (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Anish Nag
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ University (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India.
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Chaijan S, Chaijan M, Uawisetwathana U, Panya A, Phonsatta N, Shetty K, Panpipat W. Phenolic and Metabolic Profiles, Antioxidant Activities, Glycemic Control, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Three Thai Papaya Cultivar Leaves. Foods 2024; 13:1692. [PMID: 38890920 PMCID: PMC11171871 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study thoroughly examined the proximate composition, bioactive composition, and in vitro biological activities of three different cultivars of papaya leaf extracts (PLEs) as potential functional ingredients and nutraceuticals. The dark green leaves of three papaya cultivars, Khaek Dam (KD), Holland (H), and Thai Local (L), were used in this study. The protein content of the leaves ranged from 25.96 to 32.18%, the fat content ranged from 7.34 to 11.66%, the carbohydrate content ranged from 5.80 to 17.91%, the moisture content ranged from 6.02 to 6.49%, the ash content ranged from 11.23 to 12.40%, and the fiber content ranged from 23.24 to 38.48%. The L cultivar possessed significantly higher protein and carbohydrate contents, whereas the H cultivar had the highest ash content (p < 0.05). The total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 113.94 to 173.69 mg GAE/g extract, with the KD cultivar having the highest TPC (p < 0.05). Several metabolic compounds such as phenolic compounds (particularly kaempferol, isorhamnetin, quercetin, ferulic acid, isoferulic acid, salicylic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid, and vanillin), terpenoids (such as eucalyptol), glycosides, and indole were identified. The PLE from the KD cultivar had the highest levels of DPPH• inhibition, metal chelation, reducing power, and antidiabetic activity (p < 0.05), suggesting superior biological activity. All three PLEs reduced the proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner with low nitric oxide formation. These results indicate that the papaya leaf, particularly from the KD cultivar, could be a promising source of functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinet Chaijan
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Department of Food Science and Innovation, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (S.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Manat Chaijan
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Department of Food Science and Innovation, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (S.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Umaporn Uawisetwathana
- Microarray Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security (IJC-FOODSEC), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pahonyothin Road, Khong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Thailand Metabolomics Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atikorn Panya
- Food Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (A.P.); (N.P.)
| | - Natthaporn Phonsatta
- Food Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (A.P.); (N.P.)
| | - Kalidas Shetty
- Global Institute of Food Security and International Agriculture (GIFSIA), North Dakota State University, 374 D Loftsgard Hall, 1360 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND 58108, USA;
| | - Worawan Panpipat
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, Department of Food Science and Innovation, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (S.C.); (M.C.)
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Ofosu-Bamfo B, Yawson D, Asare KB, Dadeboe VO, Buabeng IK, Aggrey J, Dapillah DA, Boateng DK, Offe E, Alhassan TA. Plant diversity and ethnobotanical importance of home gardens in Ghana's middle belt: a cross-sectional survey of the Sunyani municipality. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2023; 19:59. [PMID: 38093362 PMCID: PMC10717692 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home gardens are a species-rich socioecological system with a diverse range of cultivated and naturally occurring plants with the potential to make contributions to address sustainable food, biodiversity and climate crisis. However, there is a dearth of information on the socio-demographic profile of home gardeners and the importance of home gardens to ethnobotany, food security and biodiversity. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the socio-demographic profile of home gardeners in the Sunyani municipality as a case in point for the middle belt of Ghana and to evaluate the diversity of plants in home gardens and their ethnobotanical importance. METHODS A total of 12 suburbs were selected from three subzones in the Sunyani municipality. In each suburb, 25% of households were randomly selected and if they had a home garden, one adult in the house was interviewed. A list of all plants in the home garden and their uses was obtained from respondents. A Chi-square test was used to assess the distribution of home gardeners among various socio-demographic categories, and binomial logistic regression was employed to determine links between socio-demography and home garden attributes. The ethnobotany R package was used to evaluate the ethnobotanical importance of plants in home gardens. RESULTS A total of 186 respondents were recruited for this study, 79 being females and 107 males. A total of 79 plant species were also identified belonging to 70 genera and 40 families. Trees were the most common plant life form in home gardens, followed by shrubs, herbs, vines, grasses and lianas. Ethnobotanical indices revealed the most important plants in home gardens to be staples, food supplements and medicinal plants. These were Musa paradisiaca, Caripa pabaya, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, Manihot utilisima and Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera, Citrus sinensis, Capsicum frutescens, Taraxacum officinale, Solanum aethiopicum, Cocos nucifera, Solanum torvum, Persea americana, Dioscorea alata and Elaeis guineensis. CONCLUSION Plants used as staples, food supplements and medicinal purposes emerged as the most culturally relevant scoring high on all ethnobotanical indices. Home gardens present an opportunity to address food security and nutrition needs of households and communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Ofosu-Bamfo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.
- Centre for Research in Applied Biology, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.
| | - Daniel Yawson
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
- Centre for Research in Applied Biology, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Kwame Baffour Asare
- Centre for Research in Applied Biology, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
- The Ridge School (1966), P. O. Box 1659, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Vanessa Ohui Dadeboe
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Isaac Kojo Buabeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Justice Aggrey
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Dery Aaron Dapillah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - David Kojo Boateng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Offe
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Thomas Abudu Alhassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
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de Freitas JF, Ribeiro de Queiroz MEL, de Oliveira AF, de Paulo Ribeiro L, Salvador DV, Miranda LDL, Alves RR, Rodrigues AAZ. Evaluation of imazalil dissipation/migration in postharvest papaya using low-temperature partition extraction and GC-MS analysis. Food Chem 2023; 418:135969. [PMID: 36963133 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Methods involving solid-liquid extraction with low-temperature partition and analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were validated to investigate the dissipation/migration of residues of the postharvest fungicide imazalil in papaya skin, pulp, and seeds. The fruits were stored for 23 days (14 °C). Every two days, fruits from the control group and those treated with imazalil had their skin, outer pulp, inner pulp, and seeds separated and then analyzed by GC-MS. After the 23rd day, about 70% of the imazalil had dissipated. Most of the remaining residue was found in the skin; however, the small amount migrating into the pulp was above the maximum residue levels allowed by the regulatory agencies. Imazalil residue was also detected in seeds at concentrations lower than the LOQ (0.025 mg kg-1). Mass loss was the only quality parameter that showed a significant difference between the fruits of the control and study groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Davi Vittorazzi Salvador
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570900, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Ribeiro Alves
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Aparecida Zinato Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570900, Brazil; Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570900, Brazil
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Screening and characterization of phenolic compounds by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and their antioxidant potentials in papaya fruit and their by-products activities. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Joshi NC, Negi T, Gururani P. Papaya ( Carica papaya) leaves extract based synthesis, characterizations and antimicrobial activities of CeO 2 nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs). INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2023.2166068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Chandra Joshi
- Material Science & Nanotechnology Lab, Research & Development, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Tripti Negi
- Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Prateek Gururani
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India
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Carica papaya L. Leaves: Deciphering Its Antioxidant Bioactives, Biological Activities, Innovative Products, and Safety Aspects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2451733. [PMID: 35720184 PMCID: PMC9203216 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2451733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of viral infections, cancer, and diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate around the world, and these diseases are now considered to be the most serious risks to human well-being in the modern period. There is a widespread practice in Asian countries of using papaya leaves (C. papaya L.) as herbal medicine, either alone or in combination with prescribed medications, to treat a variety of ailments. The importance of conducting the necessary descriptive studies in order to determine the safety of papaya leaf consumption is also emphasized in the context of their application in the healthcare sector. Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed were used to gather information on papaya leaves, their therapeutic potential, and clinical evidence-based studies. The literature was gathered from publications on papaya leaves, their therapeutic potential, and clinical evidence-based studies. The antidengue, anticancer, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects of papaya leaves discussed in this article are supported by evidence from preclinical, in vivo, in vitro, and clinical trial studies, as well as from other sources. Leaves have been investigated for their mechanism of action as well as their potential to be used in the development of novel herbal products for the health business. According to the reports gathered, only a small number of research demonstrated that leaf extract at high concentrations was hazardous to certain organs. The collective literature reviewed in this review provides insights into the use of papaya leaves as a cure for epidemic diseases, highlighting the phytochemical composition and pharmacological attributes of papaya leaves, as well as the results of various preclinical and clinical studies that have been conducted so far on the subject. The review clearly demonstrates the successful medical evidence for the use of papaya leaf extracts in the healthcare system as a supplemental herbal medication in a variety of clinical settings.
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Anadozie SO, Adewale OB, Fadaka AO, Afolabi OB, Roux S. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles using extract of Carica papaya fruit: Evaluation of its antioxidant properties and effect on colorectal and breast cancer cells. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Determination of total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of fruits from wild and creole Carica papaya genotypes in comparison to commercial papaya cultivars. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alara OR, Abdurahman NH, Ali HA, Zain NM. Microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Carica papaya leaves: An optimization study and LC-QTOF-MS analysis. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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