1
|
Hassan MAE, El-Gharieb HA, Nasr M, Abdelhay WM, Yousef TSM, El-Zamek HMF, Zidan AM, Nady M, Abdel-Kareem MA, Hasan A. Potential Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Childhood Migraine. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58101346. [PMID: 36295508 PMCID: PMC9610765 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Migraine is caused by genetic susceptibility that is triggered by environmental as well as biological factors, and it is also linked to many somatic comorbidities, including clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. We aimed to estimate the potential association between subclinical hypothyroidism (ScH) and migraine in children at our tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: Using a case−control strategy, 200 children and adolescents were assigned to two equal groups: a case group (patients with migraine) of 100 patients and a control group of 100 patients without migraine. Clinical and biochemical parameters (TSH, FT4) were compared between the groups using statistical analysis. Results: Thyroid function comparison between the groups showed higher TSH but normal FT4 among children with migraine headache compared to the control group, which means more frequent ScH cases among the migraine group relative to the control (17% vs. 2%, p < 0.001). Obesity and overweight were more frequent among patients with migraine than the control group (8 and 5% vs. 2 and 1%, respectively). The (overweight/obese) patients with migraine had about 77% ScH and 15.4% overt hypothyroidism compared to 8% ScH and no overt hypothyroidism among normal body weight migraine patients (p < 0.001). No significant difference in the prevalence of nodular goiter between patients with migraine and controls was found. Conclusions: Based on our results, subclinical hypothyroidism is significantly linked to childhood migraine. Obesity and being overweight are more frequent among patients with migraine. Therefore, it may be logical to test the thyroid function in migraineur children, especially those with high BMI. Further studies are recommended to discover the mechanism of this association in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed Nasr
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Wagih M. Abdelhay
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed M. Zidan
- Radio-diagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nady
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mona A. Abdel-Kareem
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Abdulkarim Hasan
- Departments of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-002-022-4012-932
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Seidkhani-Nahal A, Mirzaei A, Basati G, Parvizi-Faraz D, Noori-Zadeh A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of recent studies reporting hormone levels related to thyroid gland function in migraineurs, until April 2020. Hormones (Athens) 2021; 20:167-175. [PMID: 32666358 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the current study was to evaluate thyroid function in terms of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, also known as thyrotropin), 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), and 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodo-L-thyronine (T4, also known as thyroxine) levels in migraineurs in comparison with non-migraineurs using a systematic review of literature and a meta-analysis. METHODS This is a systematic review of case-control studies on serum TSH, T3, and T4 concentrations of migraineurs in comparison with non-migraineurs. After extracting the data from the finally included studies, the weighted overall standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated. RESULTS The weighted overall SMD for the impact of TSH, T3, and T4 blood levels for migraineurs in comparison with non-migraineurs was as follows: 0.804 (95% CI, 0.045-1.564), - 0.267 (95% CI, - 0.660-0.125), 0.093 (95% CI, - 0.077-0.263), respectively. It is noteworthy that only the p value for the significance of the overall SMD for serum TSH level was statistically significant (p = 0.038), as examined by the z-test. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study point to an association between migraine pathogenesis and changing TSH levels in comparison with those of controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Seidkhani-Nahal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Asad Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Gholam Basati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Ali Noori-Zadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abou Elmaaty AA, Flifel ME, Belal T, Zarad CA. Migraine and tension headache comorbidity with hypothyroidism in Egypt. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-020-00208-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Migraine, tension type headache (TTH), and hypothyroidism are clinical problems that affect patient daily activities and quality of life.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association between hypothyroidism in patients with migraine and TTH.
Patients and methods
Two hundred and twelve patients with migraine and TTH and one hundred control subjects underwent clinical evaluation, assessment of thyroid hormones, and thyroid ultrasound.
Results
Subclinical and overt hypothyroidism were significantly higher in patients with migraine and TTH (P = 0.001) than control subjects. Patients with migraine and TTH showed significantly more abnormal thyroid gland morphology than healthy control (P = 0.027). Hypothyroidism is significantly expressed in chronic TTH more than TTH with infrequent or frequent TTH (P = 0.009).
Conclusions
Patients having migraine and TTH more prone to develop hypothyroidism when compared with control group. Also patients with chronic TTH are susceptible to develop hypothyroidism (either subclinical or overt) when compared with patients having frequent or infrequent TTH.
Collapse
|
4
|
Klenofsky B, Pace A, Natbony LR, Sheikh HU. Episodic Migraine Comorbidities: Avoiding Pitfalls and Taking Therapeutic Opportunities. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2019; 23:1. [PMID: 30637489 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a common neurologic disorder. This article will discuss a few factors that influence migraine (mostly episodic) and its treatment, such as sleep, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, and affective disorders, as well as autoimmune diseases. Practitioners must be aware of these coexisting conditions (comorbidities) as they affect treatment. It is noted in literature that both the quantity (too much or too few hours) and the quality (OSA related) of sleep may worsen migraine frequency. An associated risk factor for OSA, obesity also increases migraine frequency in episodic migraine cases. A bidirectional relationship with migraine along with depression and anxiety is debated in the literature. Retrospective cohort studies are undecided and lack statistical significance, but prospective studies do show promising results on treatment of anxiety and depression as a means of improving migraine control. Finally, we address the topic of autoimmune diseases and migraine. While few studies exist at this time, there are cohort study groups looking into the association between rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, and antiphospholipid antibody. There is also evidence for the link between migraine and vascular diseases, including coronary and cerebral diseases. We suggest that these comorbid conditions be taken into account and individualized for each patient along with their pharmaceutical regimen. Physicians should seek a multifactorial treatment plan including diet, exercise, and healthy living to reduce migraine frequency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Pace
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Huma U Sheikh
- Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA. .,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Starikova NL, Baidina TV, Kalashnikova TP. Thyrotropin levels and severity of symptoms in migraine patients of tertiary headache center. Cephalalgia 2018; 39:148-152. [PMID: 30103617 DOI: 10.1177/0333102418794941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of thyroid regulation in migraine is poorly understood, and data is contradictory. OBJECTIVE To study the possible association of clinical features of migraine with patients' thyroid function. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and thirty migraine patients of a tertiary headache center took part in an open-label, cross-sectional comparative study. The Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Vanderbilt's Questionnaire of Pain Management, Gothenburg Quality of Life Questionnaire and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire were used. The effectiveness of the attacks' therapy was assessed according to the Migraine Assessment of Current Therapy questionnaire. Levels of thyrotropine (thyroid stimulating hormone), thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were studied by standard immune chemiluminescent method using the Immulite-2000 set. RESULTS An inverse correlation between levels of thyroid stimulating hormone in serum and duration of headache attacks was revealed. The effectiveness of abortive therapy for attacks showed a statistically significant positive correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone level. Quality of life measured by a general quality of life questionnaire, as well as the functional and social indices of a migraine-specific questionnaire, showed direct correlation with serum thyroid stimulating hormone. CONCLUSION These results show an association of a more severe clinical course of migraine with lower thyroid stimulating hormone levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Starikova
- Department of Neurology, E. A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Baidina
- Department of Neurology, E. A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Özge A, Abu-Arafeh I, Gelfand AA, Goadsby PJ, Cuvellier JC, Valeriani M, Sergeev A, Barlow K, Uludüz D, Yalın OÖ, Faedda N, Lipton RB, Rapoport A, Guidetti V. Experts' opinion about the pediatric secondary headaches diagnostic criteria of the ICHD-3 beta. J Headache Pain 2017; 18:113. [PMID: 29285571 PMCID: PMC5745369 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-017-0819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 2013 International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 was published in a beta version to allow clinicians to confirm the validity of the criteria or suggest improvements based on field studies. The aim of this work was to review the Secondary Headache Disorders and Cranial Neuralgias and Other Headache Disorders sections of ICHD-3 beta data on children and adolescents (age 0–18 years) and to suggest changes, additions, and amendments. Methods Several experts in childhood headache across the world applied different aspects of ICHD-3 beta in their normal clinical practice. Based on their personal experience and the available literature on pediatric headache, they made observations and proposed suggestions for the mentioned headache disorders on children and adolescents. Results Some headache disorders in children have specific features, which are different from adults that should be acknowledged and considered. Some features in children were found to be age-dependent: clinical characteristics, risks factors and etiologies have a strong bio psychosocial basis in children and adolescents making primary headache disorders in children distinct from those in adults. Conclusions Several recommendations are presented in order to make ICHD-3 more appropriate for use in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aynur Özge
- Department of Neurology, Mersin University Medical Faculty, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Amy A Gelfand
- UCSF Headache Center and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Pediatric Brain Center 2330 Post St, 6th Floor, Campus Box 1675, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Peter James Goadsby
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jean Christophe Cuvellier
- Division of Paediatric Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Lille Faculty of Medicine and Children's Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Division of Neurology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy.,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Alexey Sergeev
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Headache Clinic, Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Karen Barlow
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, C4-335, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, AB, T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Derya Uludüz
- Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Deaprtment of Neurology, İstanbul University, Kocamustafapaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Özgür Yalın
- İstanbul Research and Education Hospital, Kocamustafapaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Noemi Faedda
- Phd program in Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Paediatrics and Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Montefiore Headache Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alan Rapoport
- The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vincenzo Guidetti
- Department of Pediatrics and Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) represents a mild or compensated form of primary hypothyroidism. The diagnosis of SCH is controversial, as its symptoms are non-specific and its biochemical diagnosis is arbitrary. The treatment of SCH was examined among non-pregnant adults, pregnant adults and children. In non-pregnant adults, treatment of SCH may prevent its progression to overt hypothyroidism, reduce the occurrence of coronary heart disease, and improve neuropsychiatric and musculoskeletal symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. These benefits are counteracted by cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric and musculoskeletal side effects. SCH is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes that may improve with treatment. Treating SCH in children is safe and may improve growth. Importantly, the evidence in this field is largely from retrospective and prospective studies with design limitations, which precludes a conclusive recommendation for the treatment of SCH.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gawlik A, Such K, Dejner A, Zachurzok A, Antosz A, Malecka-Tendera E. Subclinical hypothyroidism in children and adolescents: is it clinically relevant? Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:691071. [PMID: 25892992 PMCID: PMC4393928 DOI: 10.1155/2015/691071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is a common clinical problem, its diagnosis tends to be incidental. According to the definition, it should be asymptomatic, only detectable by screening. The presence or coincidence of any symptoms leads to L-thyroxine treatment. The clinical presentation, especially in younger patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, is still under dispute. Accordingly, the aim of this paper was to review the literature from the past seven years. The literature search identified 1,594 potentially relevant articles, of which 24 met the inclusion criteria. Few studies focus on the symptomatology of subclinical hypothyroidism, and most of them analyzed a small number of subjects. A significant correlation was found by some authors between subclinical hypothyroidism and a higher risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and migraine. No evidence of the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on weight, growth velocity, and puberty was revealed. As the quality of most studies is poor and no definite conclusions can be drawn, randomized, large-scale studies in children and adolescents are warranted to determine the best care for patients with SH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Gawlik
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40752 Katowice, Poland
- *Aneta Gawlik:
| | - Kamila Such
- Medical Students' Scientific Association, 40752 Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Zachurzok
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Antosz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Upper-Silesian Pediatric Health Center, 40752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Malecka-Tendera
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40752 Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|