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Ju SB, Seo MJ, Yeom SJ. In Vitro One-Pot 3-Hydroxypropanal Production from Cheap C1 and C2 Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073990. [PMID: 35409349 PMCID: PMC8999356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
One- or two-carbon (C1 or C2) compounds have been considered attractive substrates because they are inexpensive and abundant. Methanol and ethanol are representative C1 and C2 compounds, which can be used as bio-renewable platform feedstocks for the biotechnological production of value-added natural chemicals. Methanol-derived formaldehyde and ethanol-derived acetaldehyde can be converted to 3-hydroxypropanal (3-HPA) via aldol condensation. 3-HPA is used in food preservation and as a precursor for 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol that are starting materials for manufacturing biocompatible plastic and polytrimethylene terephthalate. In this study, 3-HPA was biosynthesized from formaldehyde and acetaldehyde using deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase from Thermotoga maritima (DERATma) and cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli for 3-HPA production. Under optimum conditions, DERATma produced 7 mM 3-HPA from 25 mM substrate (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) for 60 min with 520 mg/L/h productivity. To demonstrate the one-pot 3-HPA production from methanol and ethanol, we used methanol dehydrogenase from Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus (MDHLx) and DERATma. One-pot 3-HPA production via aldol condensation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde from methanol and ethanol, respectively, was investigated under optimized reaction conditions. This is the first report on 3-HPA production from inexpensive alcohol substrates (methanol and ethanol) by cascade reaction using DERATma and MDHLx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Bin Ju
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Yong-bong-ro 77, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Min-Ju Seo
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Soo-Jin Yeom
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Yong-bong-ro 77, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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2
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Xuan K, Yang G, Wu Z, Xu Y, Zhang R. Efficient synthesis of (3R,5S)-6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxyhexapyranose by using new 2-deoxy-d-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase from Streptococcus suis with moderate activity and aldehyde tolerance. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Haridas M, Abdelraheem EMM, Hanefeld U. 2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA): applications and modifications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9959-9971. [PMID: 30284013 PMCID: PMC6244999 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
2-Deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) is a class I aldolase that offers access to several building blocks for organic synthesis. It catalyzes the stereoselective C-C bond formation between acetaldehyde and numerous other aldehydes. However, the practical application of DERA as a biocatalyst is limited by its poor tolerance towards industrially relevant concentrations of aldehydes, in particular acetaldehyde. Therefore, the development of proper experimental conditions, including protein engineering and/or immobilization on appropriate supports, is required. The present review is aimed to provide a brief overview of DERA, its history, and progress made in understanding the functioning of the enzyme. Furthermore, the current understanding regarding aldehyde resistance of DERA and the various optimizations carried out to modify this property are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Haridas
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eman M M Abdelraheem
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Ulf Hanefeld
- Biokatalyse, Afdeling Biotechnologie, Technische Universiteit Delft, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
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Lee JT, Lee SS, Mondal S, Tripathi BN, Kim S, Lee KW, Hong SH, Bai HW, Cho JY, Chung BY. Enhancement of the Chaperone Activity of Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Resulting from a Point-Specific Mutation Confers Heat Tolerance in Escherichia coli. Mol Cells 2016; 39:594-602. [PMID: 27457208 PMCID: PMC4990751 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (PaAhpC) is a member of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family. Here, we examined the peroxidase and molecular chaperone functions of PaAhpC using a site-directed mutagenesis approach by substitution of Ser and Thr residues with Cys at positions 78 and 105 located between two catalytic cysteines. Substitution of Ser with Cys at position 78 enhanced the chaperone activity of the mutant (S78C-PaAhpC) by approximately 9-fold compared with that of the wild-type protein (WT-PaAhpC). This increased activity may have been associated with the proportionate increase in the high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction and enhanced hydrophobicity of S78C-PaAhpC. Homology modeling revealed that mutation of Ser(78) to Cys(78) resulted in a more compact decameric structure than that observed in WT-PaAhpC and decreased the atomic distance between the two neighboring sulfur atoms of Cys(78) in the dimer-dimer interface of S78C-PaAhpC, which could be responsible for the enhanced hydrophobic interaction at the dimer-dimer interface. Furthermore, complementation assays showed that S78C-PaAhpC exhibited greatly improved the heat tolerance, resulting in enhanced survival under thermal stress. Thus, addition of Cys at position 78 in PaAhpC modulated the functional shifting of this protein from a peroxidase to a chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Taek Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Fruit Vegetables Research Institute, Jellabuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Gunsan 54062,
Korea
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Siu Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeong-sang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
| | - Jae-Young Cho
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896,
Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212,
Korea
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Dick M, Hartmann R, Weiergräber OH, Bisterfeld C, Classen T, Schwarten M, Neudecker P, Willbold D, Pietruszka J. Mechanism-based inhibition of an aldolase at high concentrations of its natural substrate acetaldehyde: structural insights and protective strategies. Chem Sci 2016; 7:4492-4502. [PMID: 30155096 PMCID: PMC6016325 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04574f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Deoxy-d-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) is used in organic synthesis for the enantioselective reaction between acetaldehyde and a broad range of other aldehydes as acceptor molecules. Nevertheless, its application is hampered by a poor tolerance towards high concentrations of acetaldehyde, its natural substrate. While numerous studies have been performed searching for new, more acetaldehyde-resistant DERAs, the mechanism underlying this deactivation process has remained elusive. By using NMR spectroscopy on both the protein and the small-molecule scale, we could show that a reaction product binds to the inner part of the enzyme, and that this effect can be partly reversed via heating. The crystal structure of DERA before and after acetaldehyde incubation was determined at high resolution, revealing a covalently bound reaction product bridging the catalytically active lysine (K167) to a nearby cysteine (C47) in the deactivated enzyme. A reaction mechanism is proposed where crotonaldehyde as the aldol product of two acetaldehyde molecules after water elimination forms a Schiff base with the lysine side chain, followed by Michael addition of the cysteine thiol group to the Cβ atom of the inhibitor. In support of this mechanism, direct incubation of DERA with crotonaldehyde results in a more than 100-fold stronger inhibition, compared to acetaldehyde, whereas mutation of C47 gives rise to a fully acetaldehyde-resistant DERA. Thus this variant appears perfectly suited for synthetic applications. A similar diagnostic and preventive strategy should be applicable to other biocatalysts suffering from mechanism-based inhibition by a reactive substrate, a condition that may be more common than currently appreciated in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Dick
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52426 Jülich , Germany .
| | - Rudolf Hartmann
- Institute of Complex Systems , ICS-6: Structural Biochemistry , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Oliver H Weiergräber
- Institute of Complex Systems , ICS-6: Structural Biochemistry , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Carolin Bisterfeld
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52426 Jülich , Germany .
| | - Thomas Classen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences , IBG-1: Biotechnology , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Melanie Schwarten
- Institute of Complex Systems , ICS-6: Structural Biochemistry , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - Philipp Neudecker
- Institute of Complex Systems , ICS-6: Structural Biochemistry , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Complex Systems , ICS-6: Structural Biochemistry , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52426 Jülich , Germany .
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences , IBG-1: Biotechnology , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
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6
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Lee SS, Jung HS, Park SK, Lee EM, Singh S, Lee Y, Lee KO, Lee SY, Chung BY. Enhancement of Chaperone Activity of Plant-Specific Thioredoxin through γ-Ray Mediated Conformational Change. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27302-12. [PMID: 26580605 PMCID: PMC4661877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AtTDX, a thioredoxin-like plant-specific protein present in Arabidospis is a thermo-stable and multi-functional enzyme. This enzyme is known to act as a thioredoxin and as a molecular chaperone depending upon its oligomeric status. The present study examines the effects of γ-irradiation on the structural and functional changes of AtTDX. Holdase chaperone activity of AtTDX was increased and reached a maximum at 10 kGy of γ-irradiation and declined subsequently in a dose-dependent manner, together with no effect on foldase chaperone activity. However, thioredoxin activity decreased gradually with increasing irradiation. Electrophoresis and size exclusion chromatography analysis showed that AtTDX had a tendency to form high molecular weight (HMW) complexes after γ-irradiation and γ-ray-induced HMW complexes were tightly associated with a holdase chaperone activity. The hydrophobicity of AtTDX increased with an increase in irradiation dose till 20 kGy and thereafter decreased further. Analysis of the secondary structures of AtTDX using far UV-circular dichroism spectra revealed that the irradiation remarkably increased the exposure of β-sheets and random coils with a dramatic decrease in α-helices and turn elements in a dose-dependent manner. The data of the present study suggest that γ-irradiation may be a useful tool for increasing holdase chaperone activity without adversely affecting foldase chaperone activity of thioredoxin-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
| | - Soo-Kwon Park
- Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 181 Hyeoksin-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun 565-851, Korea.
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
| | - Yuno Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Kyun Oh Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea.
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