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Lu Q, Liang Q, Xi Y. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1419747. [PMID: 38903615 PMCID: PMC11188582 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1419747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are highly susceptible to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have suggested that the application of vitamin D may offer potential benefits in improving lipid profiles, but these effects remain controversial. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles in people with T2D. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profiles and published before September 19th, 2023, were identified in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. This review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42023461136). The random-effects model was employed to estimate unstandardized mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The quality of studies was assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2. Results Overall, 20 RCTs involving 1711 participants were included. Results indicated that vitamin D supplementation significantly improves serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (MD: 1.63 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.19 to 3.08, P = 0.03), and triglyceride (TG) levels (MD: -8.56 mg/dL, 95% CI: -15.23 to -1.89, P = 0.01). However, vitamin D supplementation failed to improve low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and total cholesterol (TC) levels. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions suggested that higher doses of vitamin D supplementation and shorter duration of intervention were more likely to have favorable effects on lipid profiles. Moreover, participants with lower baseline BMI and higher serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels exhibited greater improvements in lipid profiles following vitamin D supplementation. Conclusions This meta-analysis highlighted the effects of vitamin D supplementation on improving serum HDL and TG levels while not exhibiting significant improvements in LDL and TC levels. Further long-term and high-quality studies are still needed to draw more precise conclusions. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=461136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Lu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qingyue Liang
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yue Xi
- Centre for International Collaboration, Office of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Affairs, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Odetayo AF, Abdulrahim HA, Fabiyi OT, Adewole TA, Ajiboye BE, Omeiza AN, Olayaki LA. Synergistic Effects of Vitamin D and Exercise on Diabetes-induced Gonadotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats: Role of Xanthine Oxidase/Uric Acid and Nrf2/NfkB Signaling. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01313-w. [PMID: 38831172 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the oldest known chronic diseases, characterized by elevated fasting blood sugar (FBS). T2DM is a metabolic disorder that can distort the activities of multiple physiological systems, including the reproductive system. Although different drugs have been designed for managing this disorder, these drugs have been reported to have negative side effects. Hence, this study was designed to explore the possible synergistic effect of vitamin D and exercise on T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomized into six (6) groups: control, diabetes untreated, diabetes treated with 1000 IU/kg of vitamin D, diabetes treated with 5 min/day of physical exercise, diabetes treated with vitamin D and exercise, diabetes treated with 180 mg/kg of metformin. T2DM induction led to a significant increase in FBS, lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase, and was reversed by vitamin D supplementation and exercise. Also, vitamin D and exercise synergistically blunted T2DM-induced oxido-inflammatory response evidenced by a significant decrease in testicular malondialdehyde, interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and an increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and interleukin 10. These events were associated with a decrease in T2DM-induced increase in XO, UA, and Nf-κb and an increase in T2DM-induced decrease in Nrf2. Also, vitamin D and EX reversed the observed impairment in sperm quality and testicular histology following T2DM-induction. This study revealed the synergistic effect of vitamin D and exercise on T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyemi Fatai Odetayo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Health Sciences, Ila-Orangun, Nigeria.
| | | | - Olaoluwa Tolulope Fabiyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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MacGirlley R, Phoswa WN, Mokgalaboni K. Modulatory Properties of Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Focus on Inflammation and Dyslipidemia. Nutrients 2023; 15:4575. [PMID: 37960227 PMCID: PMC10650901 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from preclinical studies has found a correlation between the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and vitamin D deficiency. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed inconclusive results on vitamin D supplementation. We explored the effect of vitamin D on inflammation and dyslipidemia in T2D. METHODS We comprehensively searched for RCTs evaluating the effect of vitamin D in T2D on PubMed. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 and reports, such as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) at a 5% significant level using a random effect model. RESULTS This study revealed a significant reduction in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) SMD = (-0.51, 95%CI (-0.93, -0.09); p = 0.02), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) SMD = (-1.06, 95%CI (-1.67, -0.45); p < 0.05) in vitamin D compared to placebo. Additionally, interleukin-6 (IL-6) exhibited a marginal effect SMD = (-0.52, 95%CI (-1.05, 0.01), p = 0.05). Furthermore, a significant reduction in the level of triglycerides SMD = (-0.65, 95%CI (-1.11, -0.18), p < 0.05) was observed, concomitant to a significantly increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level SMD = (0.53, 95%CI (0.08, 0.98), p = 0.02). However, no statistically significant changes were observed in total cholesterols SMD = (-0.16, 95%CI (-0.57, 0.24), p = 0.43) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) SMD = (-0.06, 95%CI (-0.37, 0.24), p = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial in ameliorating inflammation and dyslipidemia in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kabelo Mokgalaboni
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Private Bag X6, Roodepoort 1710, South Africa; (R.M.); (W.N.P.)
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Piotrowska K, Zgutka K, Tkacz M, Tarnowski M. Physical Activity as a Modern Intervention in the Fight against Obesity-Related Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1488. [PMID: 37627482 PMCID: PMC10451679 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the greatest healthcare problems; it requires an appropriate approach to the patient, especially when it concerns pregnant women. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic condition in pregnancy that shares many features with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM and GDM induce oxidative stress, which activates cellular stress signalling. In addition, the risk of diabetes during pregnancy can lead to various complications for the mother and foetus. It has been shown that physical activity is an important tool to not only treat the negative effects of diabetes but also to prevent its progression or even reverse the changes already made by limiting the inflammatory process. Physical activity has a huge impact on the immune status of an individual. Various studies have shown that regular training sessions cause changes in circulating immune cell levels, cytokine activation, production and secretion and changes in microRNA, all of which have a positive effect on the well-being of the diabetic patient, mother and foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Piotrowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zgutka
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Tkacz
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 54, 70-210 Szczecin, Poland
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Sun X, Yan T, Li Z, Zhou S, Peng W, Cui W, Xu J, Cao ZB, Shi L, Wang Y. Effects of Endurance Exercise and Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Plasma Lipidome in Middle-Aged Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3027. [PMID: 37447353 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: We investigated the effects of a 12-week exercise intervention with or without vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance and the plasma lipidome of participants with type 2 diabetes. We further explored whether the effects of the intervention on glycemic parameters could be associated with the baseline lipidome. (2) Methods: Sixty-one participants were randomly allocated to control (Con), exercise (EX), vitamin D (VD), and EX + VD groups. Multiple glycemic and anthropometric parameters were evaluated before and after intervention. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was the primary outcome. The plasma lipidome was analyzed before, after, and at an additional 12-week follow-up. Machine learning was applied to establish prediction models for responsiveness of glycemic control. (3) Results: Our interventions failed to improve the HOMA-IR index while fasting glucose was reduced in the EX + VD group (change%, -11.9%; effect size, 0.65; p < 0.05). Both EX and VD interventions altered the plasma lipidome, with EX + VD intervention considerably affecting levels of lyso-phosphatidylcholines and triglycerols containing long-chain unsaturated fatty acids. Such effects could last until 12 weeks after intervention. Notably, there was high inter-individual variability in glycemic parameters including HOMA-IR in response to the interventions, which could be predicted with great accuracy using an optimal panel of baseline lipid predictors alone or in combination with clinical indices, as assessed by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of over 0.9. (4) Conclusions: Although substantial alterations were observed in the plasma lipidome related to glycemic control, our intervention failed to improve HOMA-IR scores, which may have been predominately due to the large inter-individual variability in responses. Basal plasma lipid levels could potentially predict an individual's response to intervention, highlighting the necessity of personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Sun
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Yan
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhongying Li
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Department of Administrative Management, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810061, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Youfa Wang
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
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Li J, Xia K, Wang Z, Liu Y, Tong Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Tang L, Fan D, Yang Q. Essential nutrients and cerebral small vessel diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1172587. [PMID: 37426181 PMCID: PMC10325681 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1172587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have suggested a potential association between nutrients and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), but this association has not been fully addressed. Object We intended to clarify the causal associations between four categories of essential nutrients (amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals and vitamins) and two acute manifestations of CSVD (intracerebral hemorrhage and small vessel stroke) using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Method We obtained European-based large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) related to CSVD (6,255 cases and 233,058 controls) and nutrient concentrations. Causality evaluation mainly included the results of the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method. The simple median method, the weighted median method and the MR-Egger method were adopted for sensitivity analyses. Results For ICH or SVS, increased levels of phenylalanine (OR = 1.188, p < 0.001) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) (OR = 1.153, p = 0.001) showed risk effects, while docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (OR = 0.501, p < 0.001), zinc (OR = 0.919, p < 0.001), and arachidonic acid (OR = 0.966, p = 0.007) showed protective effects. For lobar hemorrhage or SVS, AA (OR = 0.978, p < 0.001), zinc (OR = 0.918, p < 0.001), and retinol (OR = 0.753, p < 0.001) showed risk effects; DPA (OR = 0.682, p = 0.022), gamma-linolenic acid (OR = 0.120, p = 0.033) and 25(OH)D (OR = 0.874, p = 0.040) showed protective effects. For nonlobar hemorrhage or SVS, DGLA (OR = 1.088, p < 0.001) and phenylalanine (OR = 1.175, p = 0.001) showed risk effects. Conclusion Our study analyzed the effect of nutrients on CSVD risk from a genetic perspective, with implications for CSVD prevention through nutrient supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kailin Xia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengrui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanru Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Tong
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yumou Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Lu HC, Lin T, Ng MY, Hsieh CW, Liao YW, Chen CC, Yu CC, Chen CJ. Anti-inflammaging effects of vitamin D in human gingival fibroblasts with advanced glycation end product stimulation. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:666-673. [PMID: 37021258 PMCID: PMC10068372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose :Both periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) are long-term inflammatory disorders that are highly prevalent and have a significant health impact. Inflammaging, a state of pre-aging and hyperinflammatory state has been acknowledged for its role in DM patients to have heightened risk of periodontitis. Numerous evidences revealed that inflammaging contributed by cell senescence, acceleration of inflammation and oxidative stress participates in the destruction of periodontium in DM. Abilities of vitamin D in suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress have been revealed in a range of tissues, however in DM’s gingival cells, the effect remain undefined. Materials and methods : Under the stimulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), we assessed the cell proliferation in human gingival fibroblast (HGF), IL-6 and IL-8 secretions, cellular senescence expression and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with or without vitamin D intervention. Following that, we examined the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 to see if vitamin D was able to modulate the anti-oxidant signaling. A knockdown experiment was then conducted to proof the participation of Nrf2 on the secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8. Results : Following the treatment of vitamin D, AGEs-elicited IL-6 and IL-8 production and cell senescence were dose-dependently repressed. Moreover, vitamin D attenuated AGEs-induced ROS in a dose-dependent pattern. Results from qRT-PCR demonstrated vitamin D reversed the suppression of Nrf2 and HO-1 induced by AGEs. Our findings revealed that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect in vitamin D was mediated via the upregulation of Nrf2 expression. Conclusion : These data showed that high levels of AGEs in the gingiva lead to inflammaging reflected by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell senescence expression and oxidative stress. Vitamin D supplementation can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation via the upregulation of Nrf2 signaling and hence, may be a potential approach for treatment of diabetes-associated periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chieh Lu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Taichen Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min Yee Ng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, Zhonghua Rd. Yongkang Dist., Tainan 71004, Taiwan.
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García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Díez J, González A, Izquierdo M. Exercise training-induced changes in exerkine concentrations may be relevant to the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:147-157. [PMID: 36351545 PMCID: PMC10105032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the effects of exercise training on exerkines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to determine the optimal exercise prescription. METHODS A systematic search for relevant studies was performed in 3 databases. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on at least one of the following exerkines were included: adiponectin, apelin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor-21, follistatin, ghrelin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IL-18, leptin, myostatin, omentin, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4, tumor necrosis factor-α, and visfatin. RESULTS Forty randomized controlled trials were selected for data extraction (n = 2160). Exercise training induces changes in adiponectin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor-21, IL-6, IL-10, leptin, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels but has no significant effects on apelin, IL-18, and ghrelin compared to controls. Physical exercise training favored large and positive changes in pooled exerkines (i.e., an overall effect size calculated from several exerkines) (Hedge's g = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.76-1.28), which in turn were related to changes in glycated hemoglobin (mean difference (MD) = -0.81%, 95%CI: -0.95% to -0.67%), fasting glucose (MD = -23.43 mg/dL, 95%CI: -30.07 mg/dL to -16.80 mg/dL), waist circumference (MD = -3.04 cm, 95%CI: -4.02 cm to -2.07 cm), and body mass (MD = -1.93 kg, 95%CI: -2.00 kg to -1.86 kg). Slightly stronger effects were observed with aerobic, resistance, or high-intensity interval protocols at moderate- to vigorous-intensity and with programs longer than 24 weeks that comprise at least 3 sessions per week and more than 60 min per session. CONCLUSION Exercise training represents an anti-inflammatory therapy and metabolism-improving strategy with minimal side effects for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona 310008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona 310008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Javier Díez
- Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain; Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Disease Network, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Departments of Nephrology and Cardiology, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain; Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Disease Network, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona 310008, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
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9
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Yang W, Jiao H, Xue Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang B, Teng Z, Li J, Zhao H, Liu C. A Meta-Analysis of the Influence on Inflammatory Factors in Type 2 Diabetes among Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients by Various Exercise Modalities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1783. [PMID: 36767149 PMCID: PMC9914443 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various exercise modalities on inflammatory factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (MEPT2D), as lifestyle changes, such as physical activity and dietary modifications, are considered important in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. For the study methodology, Pubmed, CNKI, EBSCO, Wanfang Data, and Web of Science were selected for the search. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool, and statistically analyzed using the RevMan 5.4.1 analysis software, which included 18 investigations involving 853 study subjects. Meta-analysis findings indicated that aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), combined training (CT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) showed significant reductions in CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in MEPT2D. Among them, HIIT was superior to other training modalities in reducing TNF-α levels, while CT was superior to AT, RT, and HIIT in decreasing IL-6, IL-10, and CRP in MEPT2D. Meanwhile, RT had limited effects in reducing CRP and TNF-α levels in MEPT2D. However, HIIT had no significant effect on IL-6 and IL-10 in MEPT2D. In conclusion, long-term regular AT, RT, CT, and HIIT all contributed to the reduction of inflammatory status (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) in MEPT2D, while CT (for CRP, IL-6, and IL-10) and HIIT (for TNF-α) represent the best approaches to counteract the inflammatory response in MEPT2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Yang
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haotian Jiao
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yizhang Xue
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lishuo Wang
- School of Management Engineering and E-Commerce, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boqian Wang
- Tourism Management, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Teng
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junyan Li
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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Farahmand MA, Daneshzad E, Fung TT, Zahidi F, Muhammadi M, Bellissimo N, Azadbakht L. What is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in people with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:15. [PMID: 36647067 PMCID: PMC9841647 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is conflicting evidence on the effect of vitamin D on glycemic control. Therefore, in the current meta-analyses, we aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic control of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search in electronic databases including; PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and NIH's Clinical Trials Registry, from the inception of each database up to January first, 2021. RESULTS A total of 46 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) consisting of 2164 intervention subjects and 2149 placebo controls were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled analyses for HbA1c showed a significant change between the intervention and placebo group, the weighted mean difference (WMD)(95% confidence interval(CI)) was -0.20%(-0.29, -0.11) with P < 0.001. Analyses for assessing changes in FPG found a significant reduction in the intervention group after vitamin D supplementation, the WMD (95%CI) was -5.02 mg/dl (-6.75,-3.28) with P < 0.001. The result of pooled analyses for HOMA-IR revealed a significant change between the intervention and control group, the WMD (95%CI) was -0.42(-0.76, -0.07) with P = 0.019. The subgroup analyses showed the most efficacy in a higher dose and short intervention period and in subjects with deficient vitamin D status. CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation might be beneficial for the reduction of FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR in type 2 diabetes patients with deficient vitamin D status. This effect was especially prominent when vitamin D was given in large doses and for a short period of time albeit with substantial heterogeneity between studies and a probability of publication bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ashraf Farahmand
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), PO BOX: 1416643931, Tehran, Iran
- Public Health Faculty, Kabul University of Medical Science (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Teresa T Fung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fawzia Zahidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), PO BOX: 1416643931, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Muhammadi
- Critical Nursing Care Department, Kabul University of Medical Science (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Nick Bellissimo
- School of Nutrition, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), PO BOX: 1416643931, Tehran, Iran.
- Diabetes Research Centre, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mesinovic J, Rodriguez AJ, Cervo MM, Gandham A, Xu CL, Glavas C, de Courten B, Zengin A, Ebeling PR, Scott D. Vitamin D supplementation and exercise for improving physical function, body composition and metabolic health in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:951-964. [PMID: 36333495 PMCID: PMC9638202 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D supplementation may have non-skeletal health benefits and enhance exercise responsiveness, particularly in those with low vitamin D levels. We determined whether, compared with placebo, vitamin D supplementation taken prior to and during a 12-week exercise program improves physical function, body composition or metabolic health, in overweight and obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency. METHODS Fifty overweight or obese older adults (mean ± SD age: 60 ± 6 years; BMI 30.6 ± 5.7 kg/m2) with vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L) were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either vitamin D3 (4000 IU/day) or matching placebo for 24 weeks. Between weeks 12 and 24, all participants completed multi-modal exercise three days per week while continuing with vitamin D/placebo. Mean changes in physical function (primary outcome: gait speed), body composition and biochemical parameters at weeks 12 and 24 were compared between groups. RESULTS Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on gait speed. From baseline to week 12, vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D levels (placebo: 2.5 ± 14.7 nmol/L; treatment: 43.4 ± 18.4 nmol/L; P < 0.001) and reduced stair climb times (placebo: 0.3 ± 1.0 s; treatment: - 0.2 ± 1.0 s; P = 0.046). From 12 to 24 weeks, vitamin D supplementation combined with exercise decreased waist circumference (placebo: 1.3 ± 7.3 cm; treatment: - 3.0 ± 6.1 cm; P = 0.02) and waist-to-hip ratio (placebo: 0.01 ± 0.05; treatment: - 0.03 ± 0.05; P = 0.01) relative to placebo. Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on other physical function, body composition or metabolic health outcomes. CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on most physical function, body composition or metabolic health parameters when taken alone, or during exercise, in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D-related improvements in stair climb times and waist circumference suggest that future trials should explore the effects of vitamin D on muscle power, and its effects on body composition when combined with exercise, in populations with moderate or severe vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Mesinovic
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3068, Australia. .,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Alexander J. Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia ,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Mavil May Cervo
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Anoohya Gandham
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Cecilia L.H. Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Costas Glavas
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia ,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Ayse Zengin
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Peter R. Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - David Scott
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia ,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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12
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Fernández-Rodríguez R, Monedero-Carrasco S, Bizzozero-Peroni B, Garrido-Miguel M, Mesas AE, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Effectiveness of Resistance Exercise on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:118-134. [PMID: 35487508 PMCID: PMC9925155 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to increased inflammatory processes. The effects of resistance exercise on inflammatory biomarkers in T2DM are controversial. Our purpose was to determine the effectiveness of resistance exercise on inflammatory biomarkers in patients diagnosed with T2DM. METHODS We searched four databases until September 2021. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of the effects of resistance exercise on inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10) in patients with T2DM. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted to determine the standardized mean difference (SMD) and the raw mean difference (MD) for CRP. RESULTS Thirteen RCTs were included in the review, and 11 in the meta-analysis for CRP. Lower CRP levels were observed when resistance exercise was compared with the control groups (SMD=-0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.37 to -0.02). When conducting the MD meta-analysis, resistance exercise showed a significant decrease in CRP of -0.59 mg/dL (95% CI, -0.88 to -0.30); otherwise, in the control groups, the CRP values increased 0.19 mg/dL (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.21). CONCLUSION Evidence supports resistance exercise as an effective strategy to manage systemic inflammation by decreasing CRP levels in patients with T2DM. The evidence is still inconclusive for other inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- University of the Republic, Higher Institute of Physical Education, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Nursing, Albacete, Spain
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- State University of Londrina, Health Science Center, Londrina, Brazil
- Corresponding author: Arthur Eumann Mesas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-8607 Universidad de Castilla La-Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071 Cuenca, Spain E-mail:
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
- University Autonomous of Chile, Faculty of Health Sciences, Talca, Chile
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13
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Savolainen L, Timpmann S, Mooses M, Medijainen L, Tõnutare L, Ross F, Lellsaar M, Piir A, Zilmer M, Unt E, Ööpik V. Vitamin D Supplementation Has No Impact on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, but Improves Inflammatory Status in Vitamin D Deficient Young Men Engaged in Resistance Training. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245302. [PMID: 36558461 PMCID: PMC9787541 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on the effect of vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation on cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) are conflicting. A possible source of discrepancies in the literature is the heterogeneity in baseline Vit-D status among participants in previous studies. The main objectives of the present study were to assess the impact of Vit-D supplementation on VO2max and inflammatory status in Vit-D deficient young healthy men. Participants (n = 39, baseline serum Vit-D level < 50 nmol/L) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of the two groups, which, in a double-blind manner, supplemented their diet daily with either Vit-D (8000 IU; VD) or placebo (PLC) and concomitantly performed a 12-week supervised resistance training program. During the 12-week intervention, serum Vit-D concentrations increased 3.9-fold (p < 0.001) in the VD group while no changes occurred in the PLC group. Baseline VO2max did not differ in the two groups and remained unchanged during the intervention. Serum interleukin-10/tumour necrosis factor alpha ratio increased significantly (30%, p = 0.007; effect size 0.399) in VD but not in PLC group. In conclusion, 12-week Vit-D supplementation increases serum 25(OH)D levels and improves inflammatory status, but has no impact on VO2max in Vit-D deficient young men engaged in resistance training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Savolainen
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Saima Timpmann
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Mooses
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Luule Medijainen
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lisette Tõnutare
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Frederik Ross
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Märt Lellsaar
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anneli Piir
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Zilmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Unt
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 1a Puusepa St., 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vahur Ööpik
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +372-7-375-366
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14
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Hoseini R, Rahim HA, Ahmed JK. Decreased inflammatory gene expression accompanies the improvement of liver enzyme and lipid profile following aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation in T2DM patients. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:245. [PMID: 36209084 PMCID: PMC9547373 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the health issues causing untoward low-grade systemic inflammation. Aerobic Training (AT) and Vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation are among the approaches that improve lipid profile and liver enzymes in T2DM. However, the mechanisms responsible for these improvements are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of AT and Vit D supplementation on lipid profile, liver enzymes, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Cluster of differentiation 27 (CD27), Chemokine (C-X-C motif) Ligand 13 (CXCL13), Interferon-Gamma (IFN-γ) and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-β1) gene expressions in patients with T2DM. METHODS In this study, 40 male T2DM patients aged 35-50 years were randomly selected and assigned into four groups (n = 10 for each); AT+vitamin D supplementation (AT+Vit D), AT+placebo (AT), Vit D supplementation (Vit D), and control+placebo (C). The intervention consisted of 8 weeks of 20-40 minutes AT protocol at 60-75% HRmax 3 sessions/week and taking 50,000 IU of Vit D supplement once a week. Serum levels of lipid profile and liver enzymes and gene expression of IL-6, IL-10, CD27, CXCL13, IFN-γ, and TGF-β1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were measured. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's post hoc, and paired sample t-test at P-values less than 0.05 were used to analyze the data using SPSS software. RESULTS AT+Vit D, AT, and Vit D significantly decreased TC, TG, LDL, AST, ALT, and GGT while increased HDL after 8 weeks in favor of AT+Vit D. Also, gene expressions of IL-6, IL-10, CD27, CXCL13, IFN-γ, and TGF-β1 were downregulated significantly in AT+Vit D, AT, and Vit D, while upregulated in C. Furthermore, compared to individual AT or Vit D, AT+Vit D significantly downregulated IL-6 (P = 0.013; P = 0.025), IL-10 (P = 0.012; P = 0.026), CD27 (P = 0.023; P = 0.041), CXCL13 (P = 0.014; P = 0.025), IFN-γ (P = 0.017; P = 0.026), and TGF-β1 (P = 0.001; P = 0.028). CONCLUSION In comparison to individual AT or Vit D, AT+Vit D may enhance lipid profile, and liver enzymes and drive the balance to favor inhibition of inflammation by downregulating gene expression of inflammation-related factors. As a result, AT+Vit D may be considered appropriate therapy for managing T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rastegar Hoseini
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, P.O.Box. 6714414971, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hiwa Ahmed Rahim
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, 46018, Iraq
| | - Jalal Khdhr Ahmed
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Halabja, Halabja, Kurdistan Region, 46018, Iraq
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15
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Szejko N, Acosta JN, Both CP, Leasure A, Matouk C, Sansing L, Gill TM, Hongyu Z, Sheth K, Falcone GJ. Genetically-Proxied Levels of Vitamin D and Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024141. [PMID: 35730641 PMCID: PMC9333362 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The evidence linking vitamin D (VitD) levels and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains inconclusive. We tested the hypothesis that lower genetically determined VitD levels are associated with higher risk of ICH. Methods and Results We conducted a 2 sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study using publicly available summary statistics from published genome-wide association studies of VitD levels (417 580 study participants) and ICH (1545 ICH cases and 1481 matched controls). We used the inverse-variance weighted approach to generate causal estimates and the MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier and MR-Egger approaches to assess for horizontal pleiotropy. To account for known differences in their underlying mechanism, we implemented stratified analysis based on the location of the hemorrhage within the brain (lobar or nonlobar). Our primary analysis indicated that each SD decrease in genetically instrumented VitD levels was associated with a 60% increased risk of ICH (odds ratio [OR], 1.60; [95% CI, 1.05-2.43]; P=0.029). We found no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (MR-Egger intercept and MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier global test with P>0.05). Stratified analyses indicated that the association was stronger for nonlobar ICH (OR, 1.87; [95% CI, 1.18-2.97]; P=0.007) compared with lobar ICH (OR, 1.43; [95% CI, 0.86-2.38]; P=0.17). Conclusions Lower levels of genetically proxied VitD levels are associated with higher ICH risk. These results provide evidence for a causal role of VitD metabolism in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szejko
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
- Department of BioethicsMedical University of WarsawPoland
- Department of NeurologyMedical University of WarsawPoland
| | | | | | - Audrey Leasure
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Charles Matouk
- Department of NeurosurgeryYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Lauren Sansing
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Thomas M. Gill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
| | - Zhao Hongyu
- Department of BiostatisticsYale School of Public HealthNew HavenCT
| | - Kevin Sheth
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCT
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Meuffels FM, Isenmann E, Strube M, Lesch A, Oberste M, Brinkmann C. Exercise Interventions Combined With Dietary Supplements in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients—A Systematic Review of Relevant Health Outcomes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:817724. [PMID: 35356737 PMCID: PMC8959696 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.817724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPhysical training can improve several health variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A growing body of studies also finds a positive influence of dietary supplement (DS) intake. The aim of this review is to shed light on the possible effects of training interventions combined with DS intake in T2DM patients.MethodsA systematic search was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in the PubMed and BISp Surf databases. Inclusion criteria were defined using the Patient-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome (PICO) scheme. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used for quality assessment and risk of bias analysis.ResultsTen controlled interventional studies with a total number of 643 subjects met the inclusion criteria. These studies investigated the effects of (a) vitamin D (VD), (b) VD + whey protein, (c) polyphenol containing antioxidant capsules, (d) creatine, (e) L-arginine, (f) leucine-rich amino acids, and (g) broccoli sprouts powder. Eight studies investigated effects on one or more of the following health outcomes: body mass index, fat mass, insulin resistance, glycemic control, lipid profile, oxidative stress/antioxidative capacity and/or inflammatory markers/molecules. Five of the studies show clear superior effects of physical training combined with DS intake (supplements a, b, c, e) on some of these variables compared with training only. However, one study indicates that VD intake might attenuate the training effects on triglyceride levels. Another study found that training + VD + whey protein intake increased tumor necrosis factor-α levels in T2DM patients. The effects of training combined with DS intake on renal function (supplement d) or incretin metabolism (supplement a) were investigated in two further studies. These studies do not show any additional effects of DS intake. The quality of the majority of the studies was high.ConclusionDS intake can potentially increase the benefits of physical training for specific health outcomes in T2DM patients. However, negative effects can also be observed. Possible cellular and molecular mechanisms behind potential synergistic or divergent effects of exercise training and DS use in T2DM should be explored in detail in future studies for the development of safe recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederike Maria Meuffels
- Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- IST University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eduard Isenmann
- IST University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Malte Strube
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alessio Lesch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Max Oberste
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology (IMSB), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Brinkmann
- Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- IST University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christian Brinkmann
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Effects of Exercise Training on the Autonomic Nervous System with a Focus on Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidants Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020350. [PMID: 35204231 PMCID: PMC8868289 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies show that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has an important impact on health in general. In response to environmental demands, homeostatic processes are often compromised, therefore determining an increase in the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)’s functions and a decrease in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)’s functions. In modern societies, chronic stress associated with an unhealthy lifestyle contributes to ANS dysfunction. In this review, we provide a brief introduction to the ANS network, its connections to the HPA axis and its stress responses and give an overview of the critical implications of ANS in health and disease—focused specifically on the immune system, cardiovascular, oxidative stress and metabolic dysregulation. The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA), the SNS and more recently the PNS have been identified as regulating the immune system. The HPA axis and PNS have anti-inflammatory effects and the SNS has been shown to have both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. The positive impact of physical exercise (PE) is well known and has been studied by many researchers, but its negative impact has been less studied. Depending on the type, duration and individual characteristics of the person doing the exercise (age, gender, disease status, etc.), PE can be considered a physiological stressor. The negative impact of PE seems to be connected with the oxidative stress induced by effort.
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Xing H, Lu J, Yoong SQ, Tan YQ, Kusuyama J, Wu XV. Effect of Aerobic and Resistant Exercise Intervention on Inflammaging of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:823-830.e13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhou T, Shen L, Li Z, Jia J, Xing H, Wang N, Jiao Q, Fan Y. Severe 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency May Predict Poor Renal Outcomes in Patients With Biopsy-Proven Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:871571. [PMID: 35600603 PMCID: PMC9114460 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.871571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to investigate the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in predicting renal survival in biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy (DN) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS In this retrospective study, a total of 161 biopsy-proven DN patients were enrolled and divided into four groups (normal group: 25(OH)D>20ng/ml; mild group: 10<25(OH)D ≤ 20ng/ml; moderate group: 5<25(OH)D ≤ 10 ng/ml; severe group: 25(OH)D ≤ 5 ng/ml). The effect of the 25(OH)D level on renal survival was evaluated by multivariate Cox regression. RESULTS A total of 161 type 2 DM patients with biopsy-proven DN were enrolled in this study. Patients with lower 25(OH)D levels had higher serum creatinine, urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), total cholesterol, and parathyroid hormone levels as well as lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hemoglobin, albumin, and calcium levels and were more prone to diabetic retinopathy (DR). Rather than proteinuria and renal function, glomerular class and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) had a significant correlation with 25(OH)D levels. Multivariate Cox regression indicated that severe deficiency of 25(OH)D levels was associated with adverse renal outcomes. Compared to the level in the normal group, after adjusting for clinicopathological characteristics, a lower 25(OH)D level remained a risk factor for renal outcomes. The HRs were 3.446 (95% CI 0.366-32.406, p=0.279) for the mild group, 8.009 (95% CI 0.791-81.102, p=0.078) for the moderate group, and 14.957(95%CI 1.364-163.995, P=0.027) for the severe group. CONCLUSION Levels of 25(OH)D less than 5 ng/ml were correlated with worse renal function, more pathological injury and poorer renal prognosis in patients with biopsy-proven DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- General Practice Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Shen
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifan Xing
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Fan, ; Qiong Jiao,
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Fan, ; Qiong Jiao,
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20
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Xiang M, Sun X, Wei J, Cao ZB. Combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and endurance exercise training on insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with vitamin D deficiency: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:888. [PMID: 34872610 PMCID: PMC8647429 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although approximately 50% of Chinese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have vitamin D deficiency, studies regarding vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance (IR) have mainly focused on non-Asians. Endurance exercise training (ET) enhances insulin-mediated glucose metabolism, which plays a critical role in T2DM prevention and control. However, the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and ET on IR in T2DM patients are unclear. The objectives of this study is to investigate the synergistic effect of vitamin D supplementation combined with exercise training intervention on IR in T2DM patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We propose a 3-month randomized controlled trial among 60 T2DM patients aged 40-65, newly diagnosed with T2DM ≤ 1 year, and with stable HbA1c level (≤ 8.0%) in the past 3 months. The participants will be randomly allocated to the vitamin D group, vitamin D combined with exercise training group, exercise training group, and control group (CG) using a computer-generated random number sequence. At baseline, participants will undergo a medical review, anthropometric measurements, dual X-ray absorptiometry, a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), ankle-brachial index measurements, and physical fitness measurements and will complete related lifestyle questionnaires. Fasting blood lipid and glucose levels were also measured. In a 3-month intervention period, vitamin D intervention group will receive a dose of 1000 IU daily; exercise group will perform a 1-h endurance exercise 3 times per week (maximal heart rate, 60-80%), and the control group will receive apparently identical tablets. Additionally, all participants will be advised to maintain their normal diet and physical activities during the intervention. All measurements will be repeated at 3-month follow-up after the intervention with the primary outcome measure expressed as a change from baseline in insulin sensitivity and secretion. Secondary outcome measures will compare the changes in anthropometry, ankle-brachial index, and physical fitness factors (e.g., peak oxygen uptake, hand grip strength). Data will be managed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. DISCUSSION This is the first study to conduct a randomized trial to clearly determine the independent and combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and endurance exercise trial on IR in Chinese T2DM patients as measured by OGTT. The findings from the proposed study will not only provide new evidences that vitamin D supplementation plays an important role in IR management but also develop a simple and efficient method to improve IR-associated metabolic diseases for T2DM patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800015383 , Registered on 28 March 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Xiang
- School of Public Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Junxiang Wei
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Cao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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21
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Rose GL, Mielke GI, Durr M, Schaumberg MA. Effect of resistance training on chronic inflammation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Laura Rose
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Gregore Iven Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Madeleine Durr
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Mia Annalies Schaumberg
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences University of the Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute Birtinya Australia
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22
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Effect of Short-Term Continuous Aerobic Exercise with Vitamin D Supplementation on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Creatine Kinase in Asthmatic Women. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/mlj.15.4.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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23
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Hansen MW, Ørn S, Erevik CB, Bjørkavoll-Bergseth MF, Skadberg Ø, Melberg TH, Aakre KM, Kleiven Ø. Regular consumption of cod liver oil is associated with reduced basal and exercise-induced C-reactive protein levels; a prospective observational trial : A NEEDED (The North Sea Race Endurance Exercise Study) 2014 sub-study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:51. [PMID: 34183020 PMCID: PMC8240263 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary supplement use among recreational athletes is common, with the intention of reducing inflammation and improving recovery. We aimed to describe the relationship between omega-3 fatty acid supplement use and inflammation induced by strenuous exercise. Methods C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were measured in 1002 healthy recreational athletes before and 24 h after a 91-km bicycle race. The use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements was reported in 856 out of 1002 recreational athletes, and the association between supplement use and the exercise-induced CRP response was assessed. Results Two hundred seventy-four subjects reported regular use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements. One hundred seventy-three of these used cod liver oil (CLO). Regular users of omega-3 fatty acid supplements had significantly lower basal and exercise-induced CRP levels as compared to non-users (n = 348, p < 0.001). Compared to non-users, regular users had a 27% (95% confidence interval (CI): 14–40) reduction in Ln CRP response (unadjusted model, p < 0.001) and 16% (95% CI: 5–28, p = 0.006) reduction after adjusting for age, sex, race duration, body mass index, delta creatine kinase, MET hours per week, resting heart rate and higher education. CLO was the primary driver of this response with a 34% (95% CI: 19–49) reduction (unadjusted model, p < 0.001) compared to non-users. Corresponding numbers in the adjusted model were 24% (95% CI: 11–38, p < 0.001). Conclusion Basal CRP levels were reduced, and the exercise-induced CRP response was attenuated in healthy recreational cyclists who used omega-3 fatty acid supplements regularly. This effect was only present in regular users of CLO. Trial registration NCT02166216, registered June 18, 2014 – Retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12970-021-00437-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Wærstad Hansen
- Cardiology Department, Stavanger University Hospital, PO 8400, 4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Stein Ørn
- Cardiology Department, Stavanger University Hospital, PO 8400, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Christine B Erevik
- Cardiology Department, Stavanger University Hospital, PO 8400, 4068, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Øyvind Skadberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor H Melberg
- Cardiology Department, Stavanger University Hospital, PO 8400, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin M Aakre
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyunn Kleiven
- Cardiology Department, Stavanger University Hospital, PO 8400, 4068, Stavanger, Norway.
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24
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Dashti F, Mousavi SM, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with abnormal glucose homeostasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105727. [PMID: 34126229 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
FINDINGS on the level of inflammatory cytokines following vitamin D supplementation among individuals with abnormal glucose homeostasis (AGH) are controversial. Therefore, the present study was conducted on AGH patients to assess the impact of vitamin D on inflammatory cytokines such as CRP, TNF-α and IL-6. A systematic search up to September 2020 was performed through PubMed and Scopus databases. All clinical studies which evaluated the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on inflammation in patients with AGH were included. The random-effects model was applied to obtain pooled results. For dose-response analysis, we used a fractional polynomial model. Overall, 38 studies, with 46 effect sizes, were included in this study. Combining effect sizes, we found that vitamin D considerably decrease serum concentrations of CRP (weight mean difference (WMD): - 0.67 mg/l; 95%CI: - 0.92, - 0.43; P < 0.001), IL-6 (WMD: -1.93 pg/mL; 95%CI: -2.80, -1.07; P < 0.001) and TNF-α (WMD: -0.81 pg/mL; 95%CI: -1.59, -0.03; P = 0.04). In the dose-response analysis, we failed to find any correlation between dosage of supplements and inflammatory biomarkers concentrations. Summarizing earlier studies, we demonstrated that circulating concentrations of inflammatory cytokines such as CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 might be decreased following vitamin D supplementation among individuals with AGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dashti
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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25
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Izzo M, Carrizzo A, Izzo C, Cappello E, Cecere D, Ciccarelli M, Iannece P, Damato A, Vecchione C, Pompeo F. Vitamin D: Not Just Bone Metabolism but a Key Player in Cardiovascular Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050452. [PMID: 34070202 PMCID: PMC8158519 DOI: 10.3390/life11050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is the first item of drug expenditure for the treatment of osteoporosis. Its deficiency is a condition that affects not only older individuals but also young people. Recently, the scientific community has focused its attention on the possible role of vitamin D in the development of several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review aims to highlight the possible role of vitamin D in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In particular, here we examine (1) the role of vitamin D in diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and obesity, and its influence on insulin secretion; (2) its role in atherosclerosis, in which chronic vitamin D deficiency, lower than 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L), has emerged among the new risk factors; (3) the role of vitamin D in essential hypertension, in which low plasma levels of vitamin D have been associated with both an increase in the prevalence of hypertension and diastolic hypertension; (4) the role of vitamin D in peripheral arteriopathies and aneurysmal pathology, reporting that patients with peripheral artery diseases had lower vitamin D values than non-suffering PAD controls; (5) the genetic and epigenetic role of vitamin D, highlighting its transcriptional regulation capacity; and (6) the role of vitamin D in cardiac remodeling and disease. Despite the many observational studies and meta-analyses supporting the critical role of vitamin D in cardiovascular physiopathology, clinical trials designed to evaluate the specific role of vitamin D in cardiovascular disease are scarce. The characterization of the importance of vitamin D as a marker of pathology should represent a future research challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Izzo
- Department of Mathematics for Technology, Medicine and Biosciences Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Specialist Medical Center-Via Cimitile, 80035 Nola, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.C.); (D.C.); (A.D.); (C.V.); (F.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (P.I.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (P.I.)
| | - Enrico Cappello
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.C.); (D.C.); (A.D.); (C.V.); (F.P.)
| | - Domenico Cecere
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.C.); (D.C.); (A.D.); (C.V.); (F.P.)
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (P.I.)
| | - Patrizia Iannece
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (P.I.)
| | - Antonio Damato
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.C.); (D.C.); (A.D.); (C.V.); (F.P.)
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.C.); (D.C.); (A.D.); (C.V.); (F.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (M.C.); (P.I.)
| | - Francesco Pompeo
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (E.C.); (D.C.); (A.D.); (C.V.); (F.P.)
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26
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Esievo KAN, Num-Adom SM, Adamu S, Ogbuagu NE, Aluwong T, Umar IA. Elevated serum sialic acids, a potent biomarker of alloxan-induced type 1 diabetes in dogs by ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:179-186. [PMID: 34178829 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated serum sialic acids for a predictive and diagnostic biomarker of diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs and its prognostic value with ethanolic extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus. Design Four groups of 3 dogs were used; non-diabetic controls (ND), diabetic-untreated (DU), diabetic insulin-treated (DI) and diabetic extract-treated (DE). Free serum sialic acids (FSSA) and erythrocyte surface sialic acids (ESSA) were assayed in all groups, pre-and post-induction of hyperglycaemia and results were presented as means ± standard error of means (SEM) and subjected to ANOVA using Tukey's post-hoc tests with GraphPad Prism® statistical package. Results FSSA increased in DU and plateaued at third week (61.8 ± 0.41 μg/ml), (P < 0.002) with additional 38.2 μg/ml (62%) generated, coinciding with hyperglycaemia. FSSA of DI increased but declined to 22.3 ± 1.55 μg/ml. Extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus effectively modulated FSSA in DE as increased value declined to 21.4 ± 0.78 μg/ml. Pre-induction DU ESSA (8.27 ± 0.11 μg/ml) significantly (P < 0.002) decreased by third week (2.33 ± 1.49 μg/ml), coinciding with hyperglycaemia. Strong negative correlation coefficient (r = -0.92) occurred between DU's FSSA and ESSA and ND (P < 0.03). Sialic acid expression in dog's insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is 18% lower than normal. Extract of A. leiocarpus restored ESSA completely. ESSA cleaved in DU, 5.94 μg/ml (72%), could not account for the extra FSSA (32.26 μg/ml); liver and kidneys are contributors. Conclusion FSSA predicts canine DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabina Mbafan Num-Adom
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria
| | - Sani Adamu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Ngozi Ejum Ogbuagu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Tagang Aluwong
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Ismaila Alhaji Umar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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27
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Chen X, Sun X, Wang C, He H. Effects of Exercise on Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6660557. [PMID: 33456672 PMCID: PMC7785348 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6660557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and the occurrence of insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise on inflammatory factors in patients with T2DM. METHODS A systematic review was conducted on five databases, Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, and EBSCO. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between establishment of the database and November 2020 without restrictions on language were included. Studies evaluated the effects of exercise intervention on inflammatory cytokines in patients with T2DM were selected. RESULTS Twenty-three randomized controlled trials (1350 patients) were included in our meta-analysis. Exercise can significantly reduce the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) (MD: -0.79, 95% CI: -1.26 to -0.33, p = 0.0008), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (MD: -2.33, 95% CI: -3.39 to -1.27, p < 0.0001), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (MD: -0.42, 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.24, p < 0.0001) in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION The findings of this review suggest that exercise reduces inflammatory cytokines (CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6) in T2DM patients. More studies with high methodological qualities and large sample sizes need to be done to confirm which forms of exercise are most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Chen
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, 100084, China
| | - Xinzheng Sun
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, 100084, China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, 100084, China
| | - Hui He
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, 100084, China
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28
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Alizaei Yousefabadi H, Niyazi A, Alaee S, Fathi M, Mohammad Rahimi GR. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biol Res Nurs 2020; 23:280-292. [PMID: 32938197 DOI: 10.1177/1099800420958068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increments in inflammatory indicators and low levels of physical activity are correlated to the expansion of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to establish if exercise training ameliorates inflammatory status in MetS patients. DATA SOURCES PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases and reference lists of included studies were searched. STUDY SELECTION Twenty randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise-training impact on inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) 6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-18) with concurrent control groups were included in this analysis. RESULTS Results demonstrated an overall significant decrease in serum levels of TNF-α (mean difference (MD): -1.21 pg/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.77, -0.66), CRP (MD: -0.52 mg/l; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.25), IL-8 (MD: -1.31 pg/ml; 95% CI: -2.57, -0.06), and a significant increase in IL-10 (MD: 0.48 pg/ml; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.86). But exercise training did not change the level of IL-6 (MD: -0.69 pg/ml; 95% CI: -1.53, 0.14) and IL-18 (MD: -53.01 pg/ml; 95% CI: -166.64, 60.62). CONCLUSION Exercise training improves TNF-α, CRP, IL-8, and IL-10 levels in patients with MetS. For some variables, isolated aerobic exercise, and combined aerobic and resistance exercise appears to be optimal. Future research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying exercise training's effect on this population's inflammatory markers. More studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sahar Alaee
- Department of Physical Education, 201566Neyshabour Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabour, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Fathi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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