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Fusaroli M, Raschi E, Poluzzi E, Hauben M. The evolving role of disproportionality analysis in pharmacovigilance. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:981-994. [PMID: 38913869 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2368817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION From 2009 to 2015, the IMI PROTECT conducted rigorous studies addressing questions about optimal implementation and significance of disproportionality analyses, leading to the development of Good Signal Detection Practices. The ensuing period witnessed the independent exploration of research paths proposed by IMI PROTECT, accumulating valuable experience and insights that have yet to be seamlessly integrated. AREAS COVERED This state-of-the-art review integrates IMI PROTECT recommendations with recent acquisitions and evolving challenges. It deals with defining the object of study, disproportionality methods, subgrouping, masking, drug-drug interaction, duplication, expectedness, the debated use of disproportionality results as risk measures, integration with other types of data. EXPERT OPINION Despite the ongoing skepticism regarding the usefulness of disproportionality analyses and individual case safety reports, their ability to timely detect safety signals regarding rare and unpredictable adverse reactions remains unparalleled. Moreover, recent exploration into their potential for characterizing safety signals revealed valuable insights concerning potential risk factors and the patient's perspective. To fully realize their potential beyond hypothesis generation and achieve a comprehensive evidence synthesis with other kinds of data and studies, each with their unique limitations and contributions, we need to investigate methods for more transparently communicating disproportionality results and mapping and addressing pharmacovigilance biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Fusaroli
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuel Raschi
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Poluzzi
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manfred Hauben
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Wang X, Chen Y, Hu Y, Dong C. Exploring suicide resilience experiences in Chinese youth after self-poisoning: A qualitative study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 50:67-73. [PMID: 38789236 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This inquiry probes the suicide resilience experiences in suicide attempts by self-poisoning among Chinese youth. The study's goal is to provide healthcare professionals with critical insights to develop effective interventions that enhance suicide prevention measures and diminish the likelihood of subsequent attempts. METHODS Utilizing a qualitative phenomenological approach, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 youths (Mean age = 21.1 ± 2.8 years; n = 7 females) who survived suicide attempts by self-poisoning. Data analysis was performed using Colaizzi's seven-step method, a rigorous method entailing iterative reading for the extraction of key statements and the distillation of thematic essence. RESULTS Four primary themes with ten sub-themes were extracted: (1) New understanding of life (cherish life, and meaning of life), (2) Self-Reconciliation (self-acceptance, self-understanding, and self-openness), (3) Personal empowerment (increased self-reliance, increased responsibility, and increased emotional regulation), and (4) Life redesigning (faith in the future, and plan for the future). CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal a potential for psychological growth and beneficial transformation in youth following suicide attempts by self-poisoning. These insights advocate for the integration of positive psychology principles in therapeutic interventions for this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Wang
- Nursing Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwen Hu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Wang J, Feng G, Li D, Zhou X, Chen J, Wang F, Chen L. Comparison of safety of acetaminophen and ibuprofen in minors: based on the FAERS database. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38686870 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2348614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate adverse events(ADEs) associated with the use of paracetamol and ibuprofen in people under 18 years of age. BACKGROUND The use of NSAIDs reached a peak as a result of the spread of COVID-19 in previous years. Minors, as a special population, need to pay more attention to the use of corresponding drugs and the occurrence of adverse events (ADEs). METHODS ADEs report data of the two drugs were extracted from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS) from the first quarter of 2014 to the third quarter of 2022. RESULTS The use of the two drugs in this population was primarily associated with injury, poisoning and surgical complications. The psychiatric disorders produced by the use of acetaminophen(12.6%) and ibuprofen(9.2%) in the adolescent group were significantly higher than those in the other age groups. The use of acetaminophen in the four age groups involved hepatobiliary disorders was more significantly (10.3%, 8.1%, 9.1%, 11.5%), while the use of ibuprofen was more obviously involved in renal and urinary disorders(5.0%, 6.2%, 9.6%, 7.1%). CONCLUSIONS The use of acetaminophen and ibuprofen in children of different age groups has different characteristics. Pediatric clinical pharmacists can provide medication monitoring to minimize ADEs based on these characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Guowen Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Langzhong City Peolple's Hospital, Langzhong, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, ZheJiang Provincial People's Hospital BiJie Hospital, BiJie, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Jinniu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengdie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Meishan City Peolple's Hospital, Meishan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
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Cappello E, Valdiserra G, Bonaso M, Ferraro S, Convertino I, Tuccori M. Comment on: "Deliberate Self-Poisoning: Real-Time Characterisation of Suicidal Habits and Toxidromes in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System". Drug Saf 2023; 46:917-918. [PMID: 37572205 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-023-01330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cappello
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Valdiserra
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bonaso
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Ferraro
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Irma Convertino
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Tuccori
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- Unit of Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
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Fusaroli M, Pelletti G, Giunchi V, Raschi E, De Ponti F, Pelotti S, Poluzzi E. Authors' Reply to Cappello et al. Comment on: "Deliberate Self-Poisoning: Real-Time Characterization of Suicidal Habits and Toxidromes in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System". Drug Saf 2023; 46:919-920. [PMID: 37572204 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-023-01331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Fusaroli
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
| | - Guido Pelletti
- Legal Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Giunchi
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Emanuel Raschi
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Ponti
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Susi Pelotti
- Legal Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Poluzzi
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, 40126, Italy
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