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Munk Killingmo R, Tveter AT, Småstuen MC, Storheim K, Grotle M. Comparison of self-reported and public registered absenteeism among people on long-term sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders: criterion validity of the iMTA Productivity Cost Questionnaire. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2021; 22:865-872. [PMID: 34061299 PMCID: PMC8275498 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-021-01294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate criterion validity of the iMTA Productivity Cost Questionnaire (iPCQ) by comparing iPCQ-reported occurrence and duration of long-term absenteeism (> 4 weeks) with public registry data collected from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV) among people on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders. METHOD Baseline data from a cohort study was used, in which people on sick leave for at least 4 weeks due to musculoskeletal disorders were recruited electronically through the NAV website. To compare the occurrence of long-term absenteeism overall agreement between the two methods was measured by percentages. To compare the duration (number of days with absenteeism) and adjusted duration (number of days with complete absenteeism) of long-term absenteeism we conducted intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) two-way random average agreement, descriptive statistic and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS In total, 144 participants with a median age (range) of 49 (24-67) were included. The overall agreement on the occurrence of long-term absenteeism was 100%. The ICC value was 0.97 and 0.86 for duration and adjusted duration of long-term absenteeism, respectively. The median difference(iPCQ-registry) between the two methods was 0 and 17 days for long-term absenteeism duration and adjusted duration, respectively. A significant difference between the two methods was observed (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.001) with regards to adjusted duration of long-term absenteeism. CONCLUSION The iPCQ showed good agreement with public registry data regarding the occurrence and duration of long-term absenteeism among people with musculoskeletal disorders on long-term sick-leave in Norway. However, the iPCQ does not cover part-time sick-leave and thereby potentially overestimate the total amount of long-term absenteeism. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT04196634.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Therese Tveter
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada C Småstuen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjersti Storheim
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margreth Grotle
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Karacayli U, Adesanya A, Aksoy A, Belem JMFM, Cardin NB, Sarı FB, Beyhan TE, Çelik Z, Karacayli C, Alibaz-Öner F, Inanç N, Ergun T, Yay M, Madanat W, Silva de Souza AW, Fortune F, Direskeneli H, Mumcu G. The Assessment of Presenteeism and Activity Impairment in Behcet's Syndrome and Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A multicentre Study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1538-1547. [PMID: 34289015 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate key factors for Presenteeism and Activity impairment in multinational patients with Behçet's syndrome (BS) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 364 BS patients from Jordan, Brazil, the United Kingdom and Turkey and 143 RAS patients from the United Kingdom and Turkey were included. Work Productivity Activity Impairment (WPAI) scale was used for Presenteeism and Activity impairment. Mediation analyses were performed to evaluate both direct and indirect causal effects. RESULTS Presenteeism score was higher in active patients with genital ulcers and eye involvement as well as patients with comorbidities and current smokers than the others in BS (p< 0.05). In RAS, Presenteeism score was elevated by oral ulcer activity in the direct path (p= 0.0073) and long disease duration as a mediator in the indirect path (p= 0.0191).Patients with active joint involvement had poor scores in Absenteeism, Presenteeism, Overall impairment and Activity impairment compared with those of inactive patients (p < 0.05). Using mediation analysis, the Activity impairment score was directly mediated by joint activity (p = 0.0001) and indirectly mediated through oral ulcer-related pain in BS (p = 0.0309). CONCLUSION In BS, Presenteeism was associated with disease activity, presence of comorbidities and being a current smoker, whereas in RAS, Presenteeism was associated with oral ulcer activity and increased length of the disease. Moreover, Activity impairment was adversely affected by joint activity and oral ulcer related pain in BS. Patients need to be empowered by using appropriate treatment strategies in their working environment and daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Karacayli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adebowale Adesanya
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Aysun Aksoy
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Joice M F M Belem
- Division of Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fatma Busra Sarı
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Emine Beyhan
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zülal Çelik
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Karacayli
- Department of Audiology, Gulhane Faculty of Health Science, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Alibaz-Öner
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevsun Inanç
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülin Ergun
- Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Yay
- Department of Statistics, Mimar Sinan Fine Art Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wafa Madanat
- Jordan's Friends of Behçet's Disease Patients Society, Medical Department, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Farida Fortune
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Haner Direskeneli
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonca Mumcu
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Munk R, Storheim K, Småstuen MC, Grotle M. Measuring Productivity Costs in Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: Measurement Properties of the Institute for Medical Technology Assessment Productivity Cost Questionnaire. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2019; 22:1410-1416. [PMID: 31806198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Institute for Medical Technology Assessment Productivity Cost Questionnaire (iPCQ) was recently developed to cover all domains of productivity costs; absenteeism, presenteeism and productivity costs related to unpaid work. The original iPCQ has not been tested with respect to neither content or construct validity, nor reliability, and there is no Norwegian version of the questionnaire. OBJECTIVES To translate and cross-culturally adapt the iPCQ into Norwegian and to test its measurement properties among patients with musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS Translation and cross-cultural adaptation was conducted according to guidelines, and measurement properties were investigated using a cross-sectional design including a test-retest assessment. Patients with musculoskeletal disorders were recruited from secondary care. Data quality, content validity (10 patients evaluated comprehensibility, 2 researchers and 1 clinician evaluated relevance and comprehensiveness), construct validity (factor analysis, internal consistency, divergent hypothesis testing), and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient two-way random average agreement, Cohen's unweighted kappa) were assessed. RESULTS In total, 115 patients with a mean age (SD) of 46 (9) years were included, and 62 responded to the retest. The questionnaire was feasible, with little missing data and no floor or ceiling effects. Content validity displayed good comprehensibility and relevance and sufficient comprehensiveness. Factor analysis revealed a 3-component solution accounting for 82% of the total variance; items loaded as expected and supported the original structure of the iPCQ. Internal consistency was acceptable for the 3 components of productivity cost, with an inter-item correlation ranging from 0.42 to 0.62. Further, a total of 91% of our hypotheses were verified. The intraclass correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.88 to 0.99 for all items except one; kappa ranged from 0.61 to 0.92, indicating overall good reliability of the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS The Norwegian iPCQ showed good measurement properties among patients with musculoskeletal disorders from secondary care in Norway. We therefore recommend the iPCQ as a useful tool for measuring productivity costs in patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Munk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kjersti Storheim
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway; Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada C Småstuen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margreth Grotle
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway; Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Mumford V, Baysari MT, Kalinin D, Raban MZ, McCullagh C, Karnon J, Westbrook JI. Measuring the financial and productivity burden of paediatric hospitalisation on the wider family network. J Paediatr Child Health 2018; 54:987-996. [PMID: 29671913 PMCID: PMC6635734 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the non-medical out-of-pocket costs for families with a child in hospital. METHODS This study was a survey of 225 parents of paediatric inpatients on nine wards of an Australian public paediatric teaching hospital on two separate days. Our primary outcomes were the costs associated with: (i) time taken off work to care for the child in hospital; (ii) time off work or contributed by family and friends to care for other dependents; and (iii) travel, meals, accommodation and incidental expenses during the child's stay. Demographic data included postcode (to assess distance, socio-economic status and remoteness), child's age, ward and whether this was their child's first admission. RESULTS Mean patient age was 6.5 years (standard deviation 5.2). On an average per patient day basis, parents took 1.12 days off work and spent 0.61 (standard deviation 0.53) nights away from home, with 83.8% of nights away at the child's bedside. Parents spent Australian dollars (AUD)89 per day on travel and AUD36 on meals and accommodation. Total costs (including productivity costs) were AUD589 per patient day. Higher costs per patient day were correlated with living in a more remote area (0.48) and a greater travel distance to the hospital (0.41). A higher number of days off work was correlated (0.69) with number of school days missed. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the considerable time and financial resources expended by families caring for a child in hospital and are important inputs in evaluating health-care interventions that affect risk of hospitalisation and length of stay in paediatric care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Mumford
- Australian Institute of Health InnovationMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Melissa T Baysari
- Australian Institute of Health InnovationMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia,St Vincent's Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Djala Kalinin
- Australian Institute of Health InnovationMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Magdalena Z Raban
- Australian Institute of Health InnovationMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Cheryl McCullagh
- The Sydney Children's Hospital NetworkSydneyNew South WalesAustralia,Sydney Medical School, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jonathon Karnon
- School of Public Health, University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Johanna I Westbrook
- Australian Institute of Health InnovationMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Abstract
AIMS This paper evaluates the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Ireland, and estimates the associated direct, indirect, and intangible costs to society based on a large nationally representative sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was developed to capture the demographics, disease characteristics, healthcare use, informal care, employment, and wellbeing. Referencing international studies, standardized survey instruments were included (e.g. CSRI, MFIS-5, EQ-5D) or adapted (EDSS) for inclusion in an online survey platform. Recruitment was directed at people with MS via the MS Society mailing list and social media platforms, as well as in traditional media. The economic costing was primarily conducted using a 'bottom-up' methodology, and national estimates were achieved using 'prevalence-based' extrapolation. RESULTS A total of 594 people completed the survey in full. The sample had geographic, disease, and demographic characteristics indicating good representativeness. At an individual level, average societal cost was estimated at €47,683; the average annual costs for those with mild, moderate, and severe MS were calculated as €34,942, €57,857, and €100,554, respectively. For a total Irish MS population of 9,000, the total societal costs of MS amounted to €429m. Direct costs accounted for just 30% of the total societal costs, indirect costs amounted to 50% of the total, and intangible or QoL costs represented 20%. The societal cost associated with a relapse in the sample is estimated as €2,438. LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight that up to 70% of the total costs associated with MS are not routinely counted. These "hidden" costs are higher in Ireland than the rest of Europe, due in part to significantly lower levels of workforce participation, a higher likelihood of permanent workforce withdrawal, and higher levels of informal care needs. The relationship between disease progression and costs emphasize the societal importance of managing and slowing the progression of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Carney
- a University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
- b Novartis Ireland , Dublin , Ireland
| | | | | | - Christopher McGuigan
- a University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
- d St. Vincent's University Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Killian O'Rourke
- a University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
- e Mater Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
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Hanly P, Koopmanschap M, Sharp L. Valuing productivity costs in a changing macroeconomic environment: the estimation of colorectal cancer productivity costs using the friction cost approach. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2016; 17:553-561. [PMID: 26022915 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-015-0698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The friction cost approach (FCA) has been proposed as an alternative to the human capital approach for productivity cost valuation. However, FCA estimates are context dependent and influenced by extant macroeconomic conditions. We applied the FCA to estimate colorectal cancer labor productivity costs and assessed the impact of a changing macroeconomic environment on these estimates. METHODS Data from colorectal cancer survivors (n = 159) derived from a postal survey undertaken in Ireland March 2010 to January 2011 were combined with national wage data, population-level survival data, and occupation-specific friction periods to calculate temporary and permanent disability, and premature mortality costs using the FCA. The effects of changing labor market conditions between 2006 and 2013 on the friction period were modeled in scenario analyses. Costs were valued in 2008 euros. RESULTS In the base-case, the total FCA per-person productivity cost for incident colorectal cancer patients of working age at diagnosis was €8543. In scenario 1 (a 2.2 % increase in unemployment), the fall in the friction period caused total productivity costs to decrease by up to 18 % compared to base-case estimates. In scenario 2 (a 9.2 % increase in unemployment), the largest decrease in productivity cost was up to 65 %. Adjusting for the vacancy rate reduced the effect of unemployment on the cost results. CONCLUSIONS The friction period used in calculating labor productivity costs greatly affects the derived estimates; this friction period requires reassessment following changes in labor market conditions. The influence of changes in macroeconomic conditions on FCA-derived cost estimates may be substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hanly
- National College of Ireland, Mayor Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
| | - Marc Koopmanschap
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Sharp
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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