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Hui WH, Chen YL, Chang SW. Effects of aging and diabetes on the deformation mechanisms and molecular structural characteristics of collagen fibrils under daily activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127603. [PMID: 37871726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinking plays an important role in collagen-based tissues since it affects mechanical behavior and tissue metabolism. Aging and diabetes affect the type and density of crosslinking, effectively altering tissue properties. However, most studies focus on these effects under large stress rather than daily activities. We focus on the deformation mechanisms and structural change at the binding sites for integrins, proteoglycans, and collagenase in collagen fibrils using a fully atomistic model. We show that high-connectivity enzymatic crosslinking (our "HC" model, representing normal tissues) and advanced-glycation end-products (our "Glucosepane" model, which increase in diabetes) result in uniform deformation under daily activity, but low-connectivity enzymatic crosslinking (our "LC" model, representing aging tissues) does not. In particular, the HC model displays more sliding, which may explain the ability of healthy tissues to absorb more strain energy. In contrast, AGEs induce instability in the structures near the binding sites, which would affect the tissue metabolism of the collagen molecule. Our results provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms of collagen and a possible explanation for the role of crosslinking in tissues undergoing daily activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Han Hui
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Hu X, Liv P, Lundström E, Norström F, Lindahl O, Borg K, Sunnerhagen KS. Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, multicentre, pragmatic trial with Rehabkompassen®-a digital structured follow-up tool for facilitating patient-tailored rehabilitation in persons after stroke. Trials 2023; 24:650. [PMID: 37803460 PMCID: PMC10559468 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07673-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a leading cause of disability among adults worldwide. A timely structured follow-up tool to identify patients' rehabilitation needs and develop patient-tailored rehabilitation regimens to decrease disability is largely lacking in current stroke care. The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel digital follow-up tool, Rehabkompassen®, among persons discharged from acute care settings after a stroke. METHODS This multicentre, parallel, open-label, two-arm pragmatic randomized controlled trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1 will be conducted in Sweden. A total of 1106 adult stroke patients will have follow-up visits in usual care settings at 3 and 12 months after stroke onset. At the 3-month follow-up, participants will have a usual outpatient visit without (control group, n = 553) or with (intervention group, n = 553) the Rehabkompassen® tool. All participants will receive the intervention at the 12-month follow-up visit. Feedback from the end-users (patient and health care practitioners) will be collected after the visits. The primary outcomes will be the patients' independence and social participation at the 12-month visits. Secondary outcomes will include end-users' satisfaction, barriers and facilitators for adopting the instrument, other stroke impacts, health-related quality of life and the cost-effectiveness of the instrument, calculated by incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). DISCUSSION The outcomes of this trial will inform clinical practice and health care policy on the role of the Rehabkompassen® digital follow-up tool in the post-acute continuum of care after stroke. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04915027. Registered on 4 June 2021. ISRCTN registry ISRCTN63166587. Registered on 21 August 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Neuro-Head-Hals-Centrum, University Hospital of Umeå, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden.
| | - Per Liv
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erik Lundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Norström
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Olof Lindahl
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kristian Borg
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina S Sunnerhagen
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Su L, Zhou S, Song J, Zhao H. Inside and outside the neighborhood: Short-term and long-term subjective well-being by geographical context. Health Place 2023; 83:103086. [PMID: 37487257 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The value of linking urban environment and subjective well-being (SWB) is now well recognized. But whether the geographical context inside and outside the neighborhood has differential influence on long- and short-term SWB remains unclear. Based on the activity perspective, we used survey data from Guangzhou, China, integrating GPS data, portable environmental sensors data to analyze time-weighted and real-time geographical context inside and outside the neighborhood on long- and short-term SWB. The results show that SWB is not only influenced by the neighborhood environment, but also the geographical context outside the neighborhood. Time-weighted geographical environment inside the neighborhood has a higher impact and explanatory ability on long-term SWB, while real-time geographical environment outside the neighborhood has a higher impact and explanatory ability on short-term SWB. This study provides a new understanding for geographies of SWB through the extension of time and space, and also provides reference for more refined urban planning and governance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Su
- Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Suhong Zhou
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Geographical Science, Taiyuan Normal University, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Silva J, Hipólito N, Machado P, Flora S, Cruz J. Technological features of smartphone apps for physical activity promotion in patients with COPD: A systematic review. Pulmonology 2023:S2531-0437(23)00124-1. [PMID: 37394341 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low physical activity (PA) levels have a negative impact on the health status of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Smartphone applications (apps) focused on PA promotion may mitigate this problem; however, their effectiveness depends on patient adherence, which can be influenced by the technological features of the apps. This systematic review identified the technological features of smartphone apps aiming to promote PA in patients with COPD. METHODS A literature search was performed in the databases ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Papers including the description of a smartphone app for PA promotion in patients with COPD were included. Two researchers independently selected studies and scored the apps features based on a previously developed framework (38 possible features). RESULTS Twenty-three studies were included and 19 apps identified, with an average of 10 technological features implemented. Eight apps could be connected to wearables to collect data. The categories 'Measuring and monitoring' and 'Support and Feedback' were present in all apps. Overall, the most implemented features were 'progress in visual format' (n = 13), 'advice on PA' (n = 14) and 'data in visual format' (n = 10). Only three apps included social features, and two included a web-based version of the app. CONCLUSIONS The existing smartphone apps include a relatively small number of features to promote PA, which are mostly related to monitoring and providing feedback. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between the presence/absence of specific features and the impact of interventions on patients' PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Silva
- School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - N Hipólito
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal; Health Data Science of the Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Machado
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - S Flora
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal
| | - J Cruz
- School of Health Sciences (ESSLei), Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal; Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Portugal.
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Blank DA. Activity behavior of goitered gazelles in an arid environment. Behav Processes 2023; 204:104804. [PMID: 36565941 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2022.104804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The daily activity pattern in ruminants consists mainly of alternating foraging with bouts of resting, while other behaviors usually play a minor role in the daily activity budgets of ungulates most of the year. Interactions of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors force animals to adopt compromises to form optimal time proportions for foraging and resting to satisfy their daily energy demands. This paper considers the impact of ambient temperature, pasture conditions, body-size, and the effects of lactation and animal growth on the daily activities of goitered gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa). My study found: 1) temperature was the most significant factor leading to the greatest daily hour-to-hour variations in activity, as well as significant monthly changes in activity fluctuations; 2) seasonal improvement of forage conditions did not have a distinctive effect on daily activity; 3) the effect of body size, lactation and fawn growth also did not noticeably change activity fluctuations; but 4) factors related to hiding behavior had a significant impact on goitered gazelle activity. Though goitered gazelles are a sexually dimorphic species, they did not demonstrate any significant deviation between males and females in their daily activities in contrast to typical dimorphic ruminants. The goitered gazelles' hiding behavior may provide a possible explanation for this distinction, as other previously observed dimorphic ungulates were mainly species where fawns followed their mothers from birth. Among other influences, ambient temperature and features of their hiding behavior were the most significant factors influencing diurnal activity of goitered gazelles, while age and sex had a weaker impact on daily behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Blank
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
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Matsuda M, Saito N, Miyawaki I. Effectiveness of daily activity record-based self-monitoring intervention for patients with chronic heart failure: A study protocol. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 30:101017. [PMID: 36276263 PMCID: PMC9583036 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.101017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevention of recurrent readmission among heart failure (HF) patients requires support for appropriate self-care behaviors to prevent exacerbation of HF and self-monitoring to allow for patients’ early perception of physical changes during exacerbations. Such support may enable patients to seek early consultation. This study developed a self-monitoring intervention that aimed at increasing the perception of patient-unique physical sensations caused by HF, based on daily activity records of patients. Method A parallel two-arm randomized controlled trial is being conducted with 68 HF patients early after their discharge. Participants in both groups wear a wristwatch activity tracker from time-of-discharge. Participants in the self-monitoring intervention group receive support to reflect on their actual daily activities and the associated physical sensations they experienced, based on their daily activity records. The primary outcome is participants’ “Asking for Help” dimension of self-care behavior, measured using the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale at one month follow-up after intervention. Conclusion This study is the first trial to use an activity tracker as a tool for symptom perception among HF patients. The problem of delayed consultations during exacerbations may be resolved by assisting patients in improving their perception of their unique physical sensations associated with specific daily activities, based on their daily activity records. If the effect is clarified, it could lead to the construction of new nursing interventions for continuous disease management that aim towards re-hospitalization prevention. This is the first trial using an activity tracker for symptom perception in HF. Intervention focuses on physical sensations perception along with daily activities. Trial will test intervention's effect on early consultation behavior and readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Matsuda
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan,Corresponding author.
| | - Nao Saito
- School of Nursing, Public University Corporation Miyagi University, 1-1 Gakuen, Taiwa-cho, Kurokawa-gun, Miyagi, 981-3298, Japan
| | - Ikuko Miyawaki
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
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Bacher LM, Prieur V, Veissier I, Boivin X. Association between breeding bulls' reactivity to humans or handling and their daily behaviour and growth. Animal 2022; 16:100568. [PMID: 35759926 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In beef cattle, reactivity to humans or handling by humans is considered a safety issue for farmers and to impact on productivity. Several testing procedures, associated with potential risks for both humans and animals, have been developed, involving simple human approach, free animals individually handled, or restraint in handling facilities. We investigated how such tests may be related to each other and which dimensions they reveal. Of particular interest is the tolerance towards human approach or handling involving human or chute restraint, and whether they could be linked to the daily activity of animals and their growth, potentially enabling this activity to be used as a proxy for evaluating this reactivity to humans and handing. We observed 498 Limousin breeding bulls, of up to 14 months of age, at a bull testing station during standardised behavioural tests involving humans and handling: human approach at the feed barrier or out of the home pen during individual morphological evaluation, docility test where the experimenter attempts to maintain the bull in the corner of a test pen, and during restraint in a chute for weighing. Routinely collected on farm at approximately 8 months of age, bulls' reaction scores to human approach were also available. The animals wore MEDRIA collars with 3D-accelerometers that continually monitored their daily activities (ingestion, rumination, rest, etc.). Three 2-week periods spanning 4 months were analysed. We conducted a varimax-rotated principal component analysis (PCA) on behavioural tests: the first component (23.63% of the variability) summarised scores during restraint in the chute, and the second component (19.36% of the variability) summarised avoidance distance score at the feed barrier, score during morphological evaluation, and docility score. The daily activity of the bulls was consistent across the three 2-week periods that were analysed and was not related to the PCA dimensions (P > 0.1). Animals that could be approached at a closer distance reached a heavier weight at the age of 400 days (P < 0.001). In conclusion, within the limits of the test used, breeding bulls' reactivity to humans or handling comprised at least two dimensions: reactivity to human approach and reactivity to restraint (in the chute); which cannot be predicted from the animal's daily activity. A bull's acceptance of being approached by humans was positively related to its growth.
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Overton C, Casazza M, Bretz J, McDuie F, Matchett E, Mackell D, Lorenz A, Mott A, Herzog M, Ackerman J. Machine learned daily life history classification using low frequency tracking data and automated modelling pipelines: application to North American waterfowl. Mov Ecol 2022; 10:23. [PMID: 35578372 PMCID: PMC9109391 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying animal behaviors, life history states, and movement patterns is a prerequisite for many animal behavior analyses and effective management of wildlife and habitats. Most approaches classify short-term movement patterns with high frequency location or accelerometry data. However, patterns reflecting life history across longer time scales can have greater relevance to species biology or management needs, especially when available in near real-time. Given limitations in collecting and using such data to accurately classify complex behaviors in the long-term, we used hourly GPS data from 5 waterfowl species to produce daily activity classifications with machine-learned models using "automated modelling pipelines". METHODS Automated pipelines are computer-generated code that complete many tasks including feature engineering, multi-framework model development, training, validation, and hyperparameter tuning to produce daily classifications from eight activity patterns reflecting waterfowl life history or movement states. We developed several input features for modeling grouped into three broad categories, hereafter "feature sets": GPS locations, habitat information, and movement history. Each feature set used different data sources or data collected across different time intervals to develop the "features" (independent variables) used in models. RESULTS Automated modelling pipelines rapidly developed easily reproducible data preprocessing and analysis steps, identification and optimization of the best performing model and provided outputs for interpreting feature importance. Unequal expression of life history states caused unbalanced classes, so we evaluated feature set importance using a weighted F1-score to balance model recall and precision among individual classes. Although the best model using the least restrictive feature set (only 24 hourly relocations in a day) produced effective classifications (weighted F1 = 0.887), models using all feature sets performed substantially better (weighted F1 = 0.95), particularly for rarer but demographically more impactful life history states (i.e., nesting). CONCLUSIONS Automated pipelines generated models producing highly accurate classifications of complex daily activity patterns using relatively low frequency GPS and incorporating more classes than previous GPS studies. Near real-time classification is possible which is ideal for time-sensitive needs such as identifying reproduction. Including habitat and longer sequences of spatial information produced more accurate classifications but incurred slight delays in processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Overton
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA.
| | - Michael Casazza
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Bretz
- Cloud Hosting Solutions, U.S. Geological Survey, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Fiona McDuie
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
- Moss Landing Laboratories, San Jose State University Research Foundation, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Elliott Matchett
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Desmond Mackell
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Austen Lorenz
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Mott
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Mark Herzog
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Josh Ackerman
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
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Natsume K, Handa Y, Takasaki H. Determination of the conceptual structures of the disturbed activities of daily living due to Katakori by evaluating patients' values or perceptions using a patient-elicitation technique. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:683-688. [PMID: 34539074 PMCID: PMC8436036 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the disturbed activities of daily living due to Katakori, a
nonspecific symptom that includes discomfort or dull pain around the occiput through the
cervical spine to the acromion and scapular area, by assessment of patients’ values or
perceptions. [Participants and Methods] Fifty participants with consistent Katakori during
the last month were included. We used the patient-elicitation technique, in which the
participants were asked to rate the 1) magnitude of disturbance to the elicited activities
on an 8-point scale (0–7), and 2) the importance of each activity on an 11-point scale
(0–10) in a semistructured interview. A score for each activity was calculated by
multiplying the magnitude of the disturbance by its importance, and the score ranged from
0 to 70. [Results] Among the 186 disturbed activities evaluated in the patient-elicitation
technique, 24 coding categories of disturbed activities were identified. The two most
prevalent disturbed activities were using a personal computer (62%), and using a mobile
phone or a tablet (52%). Taking care of children had the highest mean patient-elicitation
technique score (66.5). [Conclusion] This study identified 24 conceptual structures of
disturbed activities of daily living due to Katakori, which will serve as the foundation
for future development of a patient-reported outcome measure for the disability caused by
Katakori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouhei Natsume
- Department of Physical Therapy, Saitama Prefectural University: 820 Sannomiya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8540, Japan
| | - Yusuke Handa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Saitama Prefectural University: 820 Sannomiya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8540, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takasaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Saitama Prefectural University: 820 Sannomiya, Koshigaya, Saitama 343-8540, Japan
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Santo Domingo AD, Caruso NC, Guerisoli MDLM, Lucherini M, Luengos Vidal EM. Limited influence of hunting on the activity patterns and habitat use of Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) in agroecosystems of central Argentina. Behav Processes 2021; 192:104476. [PMID: 34418481 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) has suffered from hunting and human persecution for decades, both for fur trade or due to conflicts with livestock. However, studies assessing the effects of hunting pressure on this canid population ecology are lacking. In this work, we assessed the influence of several hunting-related variables on the daily activity patterns and habitat use of the Pampas fox. In private farms of central Argentina, we performed two camera-trapping surveys: one during the non-hunting season and other during the hunting season, distinguishing between sites with or without access by hunters. The habitat use of Pampas foxes did not vary between seasons, but their detectability was lower during the hunting season in habitats that allow humans to see foxes easily (i.e., habitats with high visibility). Pampas foxes selected dusk and night-time, increasing their activity at dusk hours on sites with hunting and showed differences in activity patterns related with the level of visibility of the habitat and to season. Hunting pressure may interact with anthropogenic habitat modifications and create ecological traps for the Pampas fox in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Daniel Santo Domingo
- Grupo de Ecología Comportamental de Mamíferos (GECM), Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Carmelo Caruso
- Grupo de Ecología Comportamental de Mamíferos (GECM), Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET. San Juan 671, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María de Las Mercedes Guerisoli
- Grupo de Ecología Comportamental de Mamíferos (GECM), Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET. San Juan 671, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro Lucherini
- Grupo de Ecología Comportamental de Mamíferos (GECM), Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET. San Juan 671, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estela Maris Luengos Vidal
- Grupo de Ecología Comportamental de Mamíferos (GECM), Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET. San Juan 671, Bahía Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Karacayli U, Adesanya A, Aksoy A, Belem JMFM, Cardin NB, Sarı FB, Beyhan TE, Çelik Z, Karacayli C, Alibaz-Öner F, Inanç N, Ergun T, Yay M, Madanat W, Silva de Souza AW, Fortune F, Direskeneli H, Mumcu G. The Assessment of Presenteeism and Activity Impairment in Behcet's Syndrome and Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A multicentre Study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1538-1547. [PMID: 34289015 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate key factors for Presenteeism and Activity impairment in multinational patients with Behçet's syndrome (BS) and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 364 BS patients from Jordan, Brazil, the United Kingdom and Turkey and 143 RAS patients from the United Kingdom and Turkey were included. Work Productivity Activity Impairment (WPAI) scale was used for Presenteeism and Activity impairment. Mediation analyses were performed to evaluate both direct and indirect causal effects. RESULTS Presenteeism score was higher in active patients with genital ulcers and eye involvement as well as patients with comorbidities and current smokers than the others in BS (p< 0.05). In RAS, Presenteeism score was elevated by oral ulcer activity in the direct path (p= 0.0073) and long disease duration as a mediator in the indirect path (p= 0.0191).Patients with active joint involvement had poor scores in Absenteeism, Presenteeism, Overall impairment and Activity impairment compared with those of inactive patients (p < 0.05). Using mediation analysis, the Activity impairment score was directly mediated by joint activity (p = 0.0001) and indirectly mediated through oral ulcer-related pain in BS (p = 0.0309). CONCLUSION In BS, Presenteeism was associated with disease activity, presence of comorbidities and being a current smoker, whereas in RAS, Presenteeism was associated with oral ulcer activity and increased length of the disease. Moreover, Activity impairment was adversely affected by joint activity and oral ulcer related pain in BS. Patients need to be empowered by using appropriate treatment strategies in their working environment and daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Karacayli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adebowale Adesanya
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Aysun Aksoy
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Joice M F M Belem
- Division of Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fatma Busra Sarı
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Emine Beyhan
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zülal Çelik
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Karacayli
- Department of Audiology, Gulhane Faculty of Health Science, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Alibaz-Öner
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevsun Inanç
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülin Ergun
- Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Yay
- Department of Statistics, Mimar Sinan Fine Art Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wafa Madanat
- Jordan's Friends of Behçet's Disease Patients Society, Medical Department, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Farida Fortune
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Haner Direskeneli
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonca Mumcu
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Takahashi J, Kawai H, Fujiwara Y, Watanabe Y, Hirano H, Kim H, Ihara K, Ejiri M, Ishii K, Oka K, Obuchi S. Association between activity diversity and frailty among community-dwelling older Japanese: A cross-sectional study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 95:104377. [PMID: 33639540 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deterioration of daily activities increases frailty risk. Most of the previous research has examined the association between frailty and specific activities; nevertheless, the diversity of daily activities is also important. Although the type, frequency, and evenness of daily activities have been proposed as indicators of activity diversity, the association between these indicators and frailty remains unclear. In this study, we examined the association between activity diversity and frailty in community-dwelling older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study comprised 658 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years who participated in comprehensive health check-ups in 2018. Frailty was defined using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Three indicators, type, frequency, and evenness of daily activities, were used to assess activity diversity across one week. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, with frailty as the dependent variable and the three activity diversity indicators as independent variables. Socio-demographic, physical, and mental functioning factors were adjusted as covariates. RESULTS Of the 658 participants (median age: 72 years; age range: 65-91 years; 60.5% women), 27 (4.1%) met the criteria for frailty. The frail group had significantly lower scores for type, frequency, and evenness of daily activities, as well as Mini-Mental State Examination scores (all at p < 0.01). We found significant independent associations in all activity diversity indicators with frailty, in multiple logistic models. CONCLUSION Activity diversity is independently associated with frailty in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junta Takahashi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan; Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Manami Ejiri
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Jackson J, Iyer R, Mellor J, Wei W. The Burden of Pain Associated with Osteoarthritis in the Hip or Knee from the Patient's Perspective: A Multinational Cross-Sectional Study. Adv Ther 2020; 37:3985-99. [PMID: 32729010 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction To evaluate, from the patient’s perspective, the burden of pain associated with hip/knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the USA and selected European Union (EU) countries. Methods Data were drawn from the 2017 global Adelphi OA Disease Specific Programme™ (DSP). Patients with hip/knee OA were stratified based on pain intensity and the presence/absence of current opioid use. Outcomes included Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores, functional limitations, unmet treatment needs, Charlson Comorbidity Index, relevant comorbid conditions, the 5-dimension 5-level EuroQol, and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: Specific Health Problem. Bivariate testing compared outcomes using patients with no/mild pain without opioid use as the reference group. Results The study population comprised 2170 patients (US: n = 623 [28.7%]; EU: n = 1547 [71.3%]) with knee (54.9%), hip (24.6%), or knee/hip (20.5%) OA. Mean (SD) age was 66.4 (11.2) years. Patients had no/mild pain without opioid use (39.6%), no/mild pain with opioid use (10.2%), moderate/severe pain without opioid use (30.6%), and moderate/severe pain with opioid use (19.7%). Compared with the reference group, patients with moderate/severe pain reported significantly (p < 0.05) higher functional limitations, greater use of ≥ 3 treatments and treatment dissatisfaction, reduced quality of life, and impaired work productivity and activity. The burden was highest with moderate/severe pain with opioid use. Results were generally similar in the US and EU cohorts. Conclusions The results from this multinational cross-sectional study indicate that the impact of OA pain is multidimensional, worsened by increasing pain intensity, and may not be adequately addressed by current treatment strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-020-01445-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Price D, Klimek L, Gálffy G, Emmeluth M, Koltun A, Kopietz F, Nguyen DT, van Weissenbruch R, Pohl W, Kuhl HC, Scadding G, Mullol J. Allergic rhinitis and asthma symptoms in a real-life study of MP-AzeFlu to treat multimorbid allergic rhinitis and asthma. Clin Mol Allergy 2020; 18:15. [PMID: 32782442 PMCID: PMC7412849 DOI: 10.1186/s12948-020-00130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma affects up to nearly 40% of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Poor control of AR symptoms is associated with poor asthma control. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of AR treatment with MP-AzeFlu on symptoms of AR as well as symptoms of asthma. Methods This prospective study used a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess symptoms of AR and asthma before and after treatment with MP-AzeFlu (Dymista®; azelastine hydrochloride plus fluticasone propionate; 1 spray in each nostril twice daily for 2 weeks). Participants suffered from moderate-to-severe AR according to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma criteria, with acute AR symptoms (AR-VAS scores ≥ 50 mm) on inclusion day. In addition to symptom assessment, patients recorded the impact of AR symptoms on quality-of-life measures before, during, and at the conclusion of the treatment period (approximately 14 days). Patients self-reported change in frequency of their usage of asthma reliever medication on the last day of treatment. Results Of 1103 study participants, 267 (24.2%) had comorbid asthma. These participants reported using a mean of 5.1 puffs of asthma reliever medication in the week before treatment with MP-AzeFlu. A total of 81.8% of patients with comorbid asthma responded to AR therapy (AR-VAS < 50 mm on at least 1 study day). Among patients with AR and comorbid asthma, MP-AzeFlu was associated with improved VAS scores across all study parameters, including AR symptom severity, asthma symptom severity, sleep quality, daily work or school activities, daily social activities, and daily outdoor activities. Asthma symptom severity decreased from a mean of 48.9 mm to 24.1 mm on the VAS. Self-reported frequency of asthma reliever medication use was reduced for 57.6% of participants (n = 139/241). Conclusion MP-AzeFlu used to relieve AR symptoms was associated with reduced asthma symptom VAS scores and frequency of asthma reliever medication usage. Changes in overall symptoms of AR and asthma were correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Price
- Centre of Academic Primary Care, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK.,Optimum Patient Care, Cambridge, UK.,Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute (OPRI), Pte
- #02-05 883 North Bridge Road, Singapore, 198785 Singapore
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Zentrum für Rhinologie und Allergologie, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Emmeluth
- MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (A Mylan Company), Bad Homburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Duc Tung Nguyen
- MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (A Mylan Company), Bad Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Pohl
- Karl Landsteiner Gesellschaft, Institut für Klinische und experimentelle Pneumologie, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Joaquim Mullol
- Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
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Albarrati AM, Gale NS, Munnery MM, Cockcroft JR, Shale DJ. Daily physical activity and related risk factors in COPD. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:60. [PMID: 32138714 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-1097-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Factors associated with reduced daily physical activity (DPA) in patients with COPD are still controversial. Physical inactivity in COPD increases risk of cardiovascular disease, frequent exacerbations, reduced health status, and increased symptoms. We hypothesised that reduced DPA in patients with COPD is independent of traditional risk factors including age and spirometry. Methods In this cross-sectional study, DPA (over 7 days) was assessed on 88 community stable patients with COPD and 40 controls free from cardiorespiratory disease. Spirometry, body composition, number of exacerbations, handgrip strength (HGS), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), arterial stiffness, 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and BODE index were also determined. Frequent exacerbation was defined as ≥2 and non-frequent exacerbation < 2. Results Patients with COPD had reduced DPA and exercise capacity compared with controls similar in age, BMI and gender, p < 0.001. Frequent exacerbators had less DPA than infrequent exacerbators and both less than controls, p < 0.001. Patients with higher BODE index were less active than those with lower index. Time spent on moderate activity was related to cardiovascular risk factors including arterial stiffness. The DPA in patients was independent of age, gender, spirometry, body composition and HGS, p > 0.05. The level of breathlessness was superior to lung function in predicting the level of DPA. Conclusion The level of DPA in COPD was independent of traditional risk factors. Breathlessness score is a better predictor of the DPA than lung function and handgrip strength.
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Lamash L, Josman N. Full-information factor analysis of the Daily Routine and Autonomy (DRA) questionnaire among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. J Adolesc 2020; 79:221-231. [PMID: 31986477 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show poor independence in daily activities. Unlike existing instruments, the innovative self-report Daily Routine and Autonomy questionnaire (DRA) addresses their level of and desire for independence in activities throughout a full daily routine. This study describes the DRA development, explores its psychometric properties and internal consistency reliability using full-information factor analysis (FIFA), and identifies levels of and desire for independence among adolescents with ASD. METHODS Seventy-two Israeli adolescents with ASD (58 boys and 14 girls) aged 11-19 years (M = 14.59, SD = 1.61) completed the DRA. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and R. Internal consistency reliability, FIFA, Spearman's correlations, t-tests, and Wilcoxon signed-rank were conducted to assess relationships and differences between the DRA parts. RESULTS The FIFA revealed three factors with high sum-of-squared loadings (4.09-5.13). Of the 31 DRA items, 28 had factor loadings higher than 0.35 and were retained in the study questionnaire. The DRA had moderate-to-high internal reliability for factors (α = 0.65-0.84) and total scores (α = 0.86-0.90). Participants showed partial independence in most daily activities, with high desire for independence in social and leisure activities. Significant gaps in half of the DRA items indicate the participants' desire for independence was significantly higher than their independence level. CONCLUSION The DRA provides crucial information about levels of and desire for autonomy that can be used to promote participation of adolescents with ASD in setting their own goals for independent living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Lamash
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Naomi Josman
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Abstract
Background: Shoulder and elbow motions can affect ulnar nerve strain. However, there is no evidence that links this kind of strain to specific activities. The purpose of this study was to examine ulnar nerve strain at the elbow resulting from normal daily activities. Methods: This study was conducted using thirty fresh frozen cadaveric elbows from subjects who had no deformities or history of previous upper extremity surgery. Strain was calculated based on nerve elongation. Ulnar nerve strain at the elbow from motion related to common daily activities was measured in both normal nerves and nerves in which gliding motion was restricted. The results of these measurement were then compared. Results: Activities related to extreme elbow and shoulder motions, such as cellular phone use, yielded an average strain of 6.3%. In addition, we found that nerve strain increased significantly in conditions in which gliding motion was restricted. Nerve strain due to motion associated with cellular phone use, for example, rose by 69.1%. Conclusions: Elbow flexion and shoulder abduction in daily activities are associated with increases in ulnar nerve strain, but this may not cause permanent damage to the nerve. After nerve gliding motion had been restricted, nerves that normally exhibited less strain often had even increased higher levels of strain than those nerves that normally exhibited high strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiyos Vinitpairot
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Surut Jianmongkol
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tala Thammaroj
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Fan X, Zhu Z, Zhuang J, Liu Y, Tang Y, Chen P, Cao ZB. Gender and age differences in the association between living arrangement and physical activity levels among youth aged 9-19 years in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional questionnaire study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1030. [PMID: 31370829 PMCID: PMC6676625 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the correlations between living arrangement and the physical activity (PA) levels of youth aged 9-19 years while accounting for demographic factors such as age, sex, and socioeconomic status in Shanghai, China. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses of data from the 2014 Physical Activity and Fitness in Shanghai China-The Youth Study was conducted. Participants were 33,213 primary (9-11-year-olds; n = 13,237), junior middle (12-14-year-olds; n = 11,157), and junior high school students (15-19-year-olds; n = 8819). Youth (boys = 49%) and their guardians were randomly sampled from 17 districts in Shanghai, China. Youths' moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) levels, information about living arrangement, and guardians' sociodemographic factors were collected via questionnaires. RESULTS Only 17.8% of school-aged youths in Shanghai met MVPA recommendations, with significantly more boys (20.6%) meeting recommendations than girls (p < .001). Youths living in rural areas showed an overall significantly higher percentage of meeting MVPA recommendations (20.3%) than those living in urban areas (p < .001). Youths who lived with single parents showed an overall significantly lower percentage of meeting MVPA recommendations (15.3%) than those living with their grandparent(s) or with both parents (p < .001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that, among 9-11-year-olds, children who live with their grandparent(s) were less likely to meet MVPA recommendations than those who lived with both parents (boys: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.61-0.84; girls: aOR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.72-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Type of living arrangement was associated with the PA of youth in Shanghai, with no significant gender difference. Youth aged 9-19 years who lived with single parents had the lowest percentage of meeting MVPA recommendations. The probability of achieving 60 min/day MVPA recommendations was significantly lower among 9-11-year-old children living with their grandparent(s) than children living with both parents; however, no such difference was observed among adolescents. Our findings suggest that living arrangement may be an important consideration for promotion of PA among youth in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Zhen-bo Cao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
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Wang XH, Song DY, Dong X, Suguro T, Cheng CK. Motion type and knee articular conformity influenced mid-flexion stability of a single radius knee prosthesis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:1595-603. [PMID: 30269171 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-5181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Single radius knee implants were introduced to reduce the level of paradoxical anterior femoral translation (AFT) during mid-flexion after total knee arthroplasty. Findings from clinical and experiment studies are inconsistent, which may be due to the different loading conditions and articular conformities of the knee implants studied. The aim of this study is to analyze how variations in these two factors affect the mid-flexion stability of a single radius knee prosthesis. METHODS Six daily activities (walking, stair ascent, stair descent, sit-to-stand, pivot turn and crossover turn), and three articular conformity ratios (low, moderate and high) were considered. The resulting AFTs from the 18 finite element models were analyzed. RESULTS For low conformity knees, the worst case activity (the greatest AFT) was sit-to-stand with an AFT of 6.2 mm, while for the moderate conformity the worst case was crossover turn and pivot turn. For high conformity, all activities produced a relatively small AFT ranging from 0 mm to 1.8 mm, which more closely resembles natural knee motion. In addition, no AFT was recorded during stair ascent for all three conformities (low, moderate, high). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the amount of AFT is highly dependent on the activity being undertaken and the articular conformity of the knee prosthesis, and the worst case activity depends on the knee conformity. The clinical relevance of this study is that it offers valuable information towards the design of improved knee prostheses and selection of knee implants for clinical use. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Tsolias A, Detrembleur C, Druez V, Lequint T, Lefebvre B. Effect of Radial Nerve Release on Lateral Epicondylitis Outcomes: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded Trial. J Hand Surg Am 2019; 44:216-21. [PMID: 30057223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to examine the result of lateral epicondylitis surgery with and without posterior interosseous nerve release. METHODS We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind single-center clinical trial in 54 patients treated surgically for lateral epicondylitis, without any EMG or imaging sign of compression of the posterior interosseous nerve at the arcade of Frohse. The patients were equally divided into intervention (supplemental radial nerve release) and control groups (no radial nerve release). Clinical symptoms and disability related to the upper extremity were assessed by a blinded assessor prior to surgery, using both the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and hand (QuickDASH) and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and again at 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals after surgery. RESULTS Significant improvement was observed in both groups from the first month after surgery and for the whole evaluation period for both the MEPS and the QuickDASH scores. CONCLUSIONS Radial nerve release, in association with surgical treatment for lateral epicondylitis, was not associated with greater improvement. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic I.
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Mimouni-Bloch A, Offek H, Rosenblum S, Posener I, Silman Z, Engel-Yeger B. Association between sensory modulation and daily activity function of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and children with typical development. Res Dev Disabil 2018; 83:69-76. [PMID: 30142575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity of the functional difficulties of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is heterogeneous and may be affected by measurable factors. AIMS To characterize subgroups of children with ADHD with or without sensory modulation difficulties (SMD) and the association between sensory modulation and daily activity function in children with ADHD and children with typical development. METHODS 38 children with ADHD and 39 controls (ages 8-11) were recruited and assessed, using the Conner's Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Short Form, the Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and the Children Activity Scale for Parents (ChAS-P). RESULTS The total SSP score of the ADHD group was lower (142.13 vs. 180.08; t=-8.23, p < 0.001) with a higher proportion of SMD (65.8% vs. 2.6%, χ2 = 34.46, p < 0.001). The daily function of children with ADHD was lower than controls (mean ChAS-P: 3.95 vs. 4.78, p < 0.001). The difference was significant for children with ADHD and SMD (3.70 versus 4.81, p < 0.001), but not significant for children with ADHD and typical SSP (4.42 versus 4.81, p=0.35). CONCLUSION In this pilot study, we found that SMD, in children with ADHD is correlated with daily activity consequences. Hence, it should be evaluated in children with ADHD and addressed in their treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Mimouni-Bloch
- The Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Unit, Loewenstein Rehabilitation Hospital, 278 Ahuza Street, Raanana 43100, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. 39040, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Hagar Offek
- The Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Unit, Loewenstein Rehabilitation Hospital, 278 Ahuza Street, Raanana 43100, Israel; Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences of the Haifa University, Haifa, Israel; The Child Development Center of Clalit Health Services, Sderot Binyamin 21, Netanya 42250, Israel
| | - Sara Rosenblum
- The Laboratory of Complex Human Activity and Participation, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences of the Haifa University, Haifa University, Haifa, Israel
| | - Idit Posener
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O. 39040, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; The Child Development Center of Clalit Health Services, Sderot Binyamin 21, Netanya 42250, Israel
| | | | - Batya Engel-Yeger
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences of the Haifa University, Haifa, Israel
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Ahn SN. Differences in body awareness and its effects on balance function and independence in activities of daily living for stroke. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1386-1389. [PMID: 30464371 PMCID: PMC6220104 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The present study aimed to investigate the association between body awareness with postural control and independence in performing activities of daily living in patients with hemispheric stroke. Eighty-one patients who were diagnosed with stroke participated in this study. [Participants and Methods] The participants were divided into three groups according to their risk for falls. Furthermore, these participants were classified into four groups according to their degree of independence in performing activities of daily living. This study used three measuring tools, namely the body awareness questionnaire, Berg balance scale, and modified Barthel index. [Results] Body awareness was significantly correlated with balance function in the group with low risk for falls compared with that in the group with high risk for falls. Body awareness was significantly correlated with the degree of independence in performing activities of daily living in the group that needed minimal assistance compared with the groups that needed moderate and severe assistance. Results showed that body awareness was associated with postural control and the degree of independence in performing activities of daily living in individuals with hemiparetic stroke. [Conclusion] Body awareness is among the primary factors that affect the motor function of patients with stroke in rehabilitation settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Nae Ahn
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health and Medical Science, Cheongju University: 298 Daeseong-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28503, Republic of Korea
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Parlin AF, Nardone JA, Kelly Dougherty J, Rebein M, Safi K, Schaeffer PJ. Activity and movement of free-living box turtles are largely independent of ambient and thermal conditions. Mov Ecol 2018; 6:12. [PMID: 30038784 PMCID: PMC6052674 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-018-0130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectotherms are assumed to be strongly influenced by the surrounding ambient and environmental conditions for daily activity and movement. As such, ecological and physiological factors contribute to stimuli influencing navigation, extent of movement, and therefore habitat use. Our study focused on the intensity of activity (from acceleration data) and extent of movement (from GPS and thread trailing data) of Eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) in a fragmented landscape near their northern population limit. First, we quantified the thermal performance curve of box turtles using activity as a measure of performance. Second, we investigated ecological factors that could influence activity and movement and characterized the movement as extensive (exploration) and intensive (foraging). RESULTS In contrast to previous lab work investigating effects of temperature on activity, we found no relationship between box turtle activity and temperature in the field. Furthermore, box turtle activity was consistent over a wide range of temperatures. Cluster analysis categorized movement recorded with GPS more as intensive than as extensive, while thread trailing had more movement categorized as extensive than intensive. Box turtle activity was higher during the morning hours and began to decrease as the day progressed. Based on the microclimate conditions tested, we found that box turtle movement was influenced by precipitation and time of day, and activity was most influenced by absolute humidity, ambient temperature, cloud cover, and time of day. CONCLUSIONS Our model ectotherm in this study, the Eastern box turtle, had activity patterns characteristic of a thermal generalist. Sampling resolution altered the characterization of movement as intensive or extensive movement, possibly altering interpretation. More information on the resolution needed to definitively identify foraging and exploratory behavior in turtles is needed. Activity and movement were nearly independent of environmental conditions, which supports the overall interpretation that turtle performance is that of a broad environmental generalist. Future studies of movement of other turtle and reptile species are needed to determine the generality of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam F. Parlin
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 USA
| | | | | | - Mimi Rebein
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 USA
| | - Kamran Safi
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Vogelwarte Radolfzell, Am Obstberg 1, 78315, Radolfzell, Germany
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Peeters LHC, de Groot IJM, Geurts ACH. Trunk involvement in performing upper extremity activities while seated in neurological patients with a flaccid trunk - A review. Gait Posture 2018; 62:46-55. [PMID: 29524797 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trunk control is essential during seated activities. The trunk interacts with the upper extremities (UE) and head by being part of a kinematic chain and by providing a stable basis. When trunk control becomes impaired, it may have consequences for the execution of UE tasks. AIM To review trunk involvement in body movement and stability when performing seated activities and its relation with UE and head movements in neurological patients with a flaccid trunk, with a focus on childhood and development with age. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A search using PubMed was conducted and 32 out of 188 potentially eligible articles were included. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Patients with a flaccid trunk (e.g. with spinal cord injury or cerebral palsy) tend to involve the trunk earlier while reaching than healthy persons. Different balance strategies are observed in different types of patients, like using the contralateral arm as counterweight, eliminating degrees of freedom, or reducing movement speed. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The key role of the trunk in performing activities should be kept in mind when developing interventions to improve seated task performance in neurological patients with a flaccid trunk.
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Maersk JL, Cutchin MP, la Cour K. Identity and home: Understanding the experience of people with advanced cancer. Health Place 2018; 51:11-18. [PMID: 29501690 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore how the identity of people with advanced cancer is influenced by their experiences of living at home. A total of 28 in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 people with advanced cancer and four spouses. Grounded theory guided the collection and analysis of data. Home tours and associated field notes augmented the interview data. The analysis revealed that support of participants' identity was reflected in their abilities to live and occupy the home during daily activities, and in the ways the home and objects functioned as referents to themselves and their past. Threats to their identity ensued as the home environment became unmanageable during daily activities and as homecare professionals and assistive devices entered the home. By supporting people with advanced cancer in maintaining daily activities in the home and reducing changes in the home caused by homecare it is possible to reduce loss of identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Larsen Maersk
- University of Southern Denmark, Research Unit of General Practice, Research Initiative for Activity Studies and Occupational Therapy, JB Winsloews vej 9, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; University College Absalon, Department of Occupational Therapy, Parkvej 190, 4700 Naestved, Denmark; The Social and Health Academy, Vestensborg Alle 78, 4800 Nykoebing Falster, Denmark.
| | - Malcolm P Cutchin
- Wayne State University, Department of Health Care Sciences, 259 Mack Ave., Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
| | - Karen la Cour
- University of Southern Denmark, Research Unit of General Practice, Research Initiative for Activity Studies and Occupational Therapy, JB Winsloews vej 9, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
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van Netten JJ, van Baal JG, Bril A, Wissink M, Bus SA. An exploratory study on differences in cumulative plantar tissue stress between healing and non-healing plantar neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2018; 53:86-92. [PMID: 29477099 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical stress is important in causing and healing plantar diabetic foot ulcers, but almost always studied as peak pressure only. Measuring cumulative plantar tissue stress combines plantar pressure and ambulatory activity, and better defines the load on ulcers. Our aim was to explore differences in cumulative plantar tissue stress between people with healing and non-healing plantar diabetic foot ulcers. METHODS We analyzed a subgroup of 31 patients from a randomized clinical trial, treated with a removable offloading device for their plantar diabetic forefoot ulcer. We measured in-device dynamic plantar pressure and daily stride count to calculate cumulative plantar tissue stress at the ulcer location and associated this with ulcer healing and ulcer surface area reduction at four weeks (Student's t and chi-square test for significance, Cohen's d for effect size). FINDINGS In 12 weeks, 68% (n = 21) of the ulcers healed and 32% (n = 10) did not. No statistically significant differences were found for cumulative plantar tissue stress, plantar pressure or ambulatory activity between people with healed and not-healed ulcers. Cumulative plantar tissue stress was 25% lower for people with healed ulcers (155 vs. 207 MPa·s/day; P = 0.71; Effect size: d = 0.29). Post-hoc analyses in the 27 patients who self-reported to be adherent to wearing the device showed that cumulative plantar tissue stress was 49% lower for those who reached ≥75% ulcer surface area reduction at four weeks (140 vs. 275 MPa·s/day; P = 0.09; d = 0.76); smaller differences and effect sizes were found for peak pressure (24%), peak pressure-time integral (30%) and ambulatory activity (26%); (P-value range: 0.14-0.97; Cohen's d range: 0.14-0.70). INTERPRETATION Measuring cumulative plantar tissue stress may provide insight beyond that obtained from plantar pressure or ambulatory activity alone, with regard to diabetic foot ulcer healing using removable offloading devices. These explorative findings provide baseline data for further studies on this relevant topic.
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Meier CM, Karaardıç H, Aymí R, Peev SG, Bächler E, Weber R, Witvliet W, Liechti F. What makes Alpine swift ascend at twilight? Novel geolocators reveal year-round flight behaviour. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018; 72:45. [PMID: 29568149 PMCID: PMC5847200 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-017-2438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Studying individual flight behaviour throughout the year is indispensable to understand the ecology of a bird species. Recent development in technology allows now to track flight behaviour of small long-distance bird migrants throughout its annual cycle. The specific flight behaviour of twilight ascents in birds has been documented in a few studies, but only during a short period of the year, and never quantified on the individual level. It has been suggested that twilight ascents might be a role in orientation and navigation. Previous studies had reported the behaviour only near the breeding site and during migration. We investigated year-round flight behaviour of 34 individual Alpine swifts (Apus melba) of four different populations in relation to twilight ascents. We recorded twilight ascents all around the year and found a twofold higher frequency in ascents during the non-breeding residence phase in Africa compared to all other phases of the year. Dawn ascents were twice as common as dusk ascents and occurred mainly when atmospheric conditions remained stable over a 24-h period. We found no conclusive support that twilight ascents are essential for recalibration of compass cues and landmarks. Data on the wing flapping intensity revealed that high activity at twilight occurred more regularly than the ascents. We therefore conclude that alpine swift generally increase flight activity—also horizontal flight—during the twilight period and we suppose that this increased flight activity, including ascents, might be part of social interactions between individuals. Significance statement Year-round flight altitude tracking with a light-weight multi-sensor tag reveals that Alpine swifts ascend several hundred meters high at twilight regularly. The reason for this behaviour remains unclear and the low-light conditions at this time of the day preclude foraging as a possibility. The frequency and altitude of twilight ascents were highest during the non-breeding period, intermediate during migration and low for active breeders during the breeding phase. We discuss our findings in the context of existing hypotheses on twilight ascent and we propose an additional hypothesis which links twilight ascent with social interaction between flock members. Our study highlights how flight behaviour of individuals of a migratory bird species can be studied even during the sparsely documented non-breeding period. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00265-017-2438-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M Meier
- 1Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Hakan Karaardıç
- Elementary Science Education Department, Education Faculty, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07400 Alanya, Turkey
| | - Raül Aymí
- Catalan Ornithological Institute, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Pl. Leonardo da Vinci, 4-5, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Strahil G Peev
- 4Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2, Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Erich Bächler
- 1Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Roger Weber
- 5Bern University of Applied Sciences Engineering and Information Technology, Jlcoweg 1, 3400 Burgdorf, Switzerland
| | - Willem Witvliet
- Willem Witvliet, Zuidersloot 16, 1741 Broek op Langedijk, HL Netherlands
| | - Felix Liechti
- 1Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland
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Stachenfeld NS, Leone CA, Mitchell ES, Freese E, Harkness L. Water intake reverses dehydration associated impaired executive function in healthy young women. Physiol Behav 2018; 185:103-11. [PMID: 29277553 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthy women do not always consume Recommended Daily Levels of fluid intake ad libitum. We hypothesized that 1) women lose≥1.0% BW during daily activities, 2) that mild body water loss impairs memory and executive function, 3) water intake to recommended daily levels will improve cognitive function. METHODS We tested 12 women (26±5yr, 22.5±2.6kg/m2 BMI). Session 1 was a control (CON) session, during which subjects monitored their food and fluid intake (diary) and activity (Fitbit®). The next two sessions were applied in balanced order: dehydration (DEH) session, where subjects minimized drinking, and a euhydration (EUH) session, where subjects drank Recommended Daily Levels of fluid for their age and sex, or 2500ml/24h. We compared emotion, sensory perception and cognition with computer based visual analog tests and computer based cognitive tasks (Cogstate) at 5PM, i.e. baseline (BL) on the evening prior to the session, and at 7AM, 12PM, and 5PM during the session. RESULTS Urine specific gravity (USG) was similar at BL across conditions (CON 1.013±0.002, DEH 1.015±0.002, EUH 1.014±0.002) and increased with dehydration (CON 1.011±0.003, DEH 1.021±0.002, EUH 1.010±0.002, P<0.05) by 5PM of the session. Uncontrolled fluid intake and physical activity were similar across sessions. The water challenges did not impact Detection, Identification, One-Card Learning, but EUH improved visual and working memory (Groton Maze Learning Test) errors: CON 40.1±11.1, DEH 40.5±10.1, EUH 33.9±10.9, P<0.05. Executive function [Set Shifting (SETS)] also improved under EUH, errors: BL 22.5±12.7 vs. 5PM 17.8±6.2, P<0.05. CONCLUSIONS Mild dehydration caused deficits in visual and working memory and executive function in healthy young women. These deficits were reversed by drinking water to the European Food Safety Authority and Institute of Medicine requirements of 2.5l/day for adult women.
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Ciprandi D, Bertozzi F, Zago M, Ferreira CLP, Boari G, Sforza C, Galvani C. Study of the association between gait variability and physical activity. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2017; 14:19. [PMID: 29177018 PMCID: PMC5688736 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-017-0188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gait variability can be considered an indirect measure of gait stability, in particular regarding temporal or spatial variability assessment. Physical activity, such as walking, is advised for the elderly and can be improved by gait stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between gait stability and physical activity in women of different age ranges. METHODS Forty-two healthy women of different age ranges (18-40 yrs. and 65-75 yrs.) were recruited in the study. To assess physical activity, the subjects wore a multi-sensor activity monitor for a whole week, inferring the time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). MVPA were analysed in bouts of at least 10 subsequent minutes (MVPAbouts) and in overall minutes (MVPAtot). A kinematic analysis was performed with an optoelectronic system to calculate gait variability - expressed as standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variability (CV) of step width, stride length, stance and swing time (during treadmill walking at different speeds). RESULTS Elderly women, with high walking speed (5 km/h), and moderate step width variability (CV = 8-27%), met the recommended levels of physical activity (MVPAtot and MVPAbouts). Furthermore, gait variability, adjusted for age and number of falls, was significantly and negatively associated with MVPAtot only at 3.5 km/h, and with MVPAbouts only at 4 km/h. CONCLUSIONS In a population of healthy elderly women, gait variability was significantly and negatively associated with the level of physical activity. Healthy elderly women, with moderate gait variability (step width variability), and high preferred walking speed, seem to be able to meet the recommended levels of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ciprandi
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 31, I-20133 Milan, Italy
- Exercise and Sport Science Degree Course, Faculties of Education and Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Vle Suzzani 279, I-20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Bertozzi
- Exercise and Sport Science Degree Course, Faculties of Education and Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Vle Suzzani 279, I-20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Zago
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 31, I-20133 Milan, Italy
- Movlab, Movement and Posture Analysis Lab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, via Golgi 39, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Lucia Pimenta Ferreira
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 31, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boari
- Department of statistical science, Faculty of economics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 1, I-20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiarella Sforza
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 31, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Christel Galvani
- Applied Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Vle Suzzani 279, I-20162 Milan, Italy
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Sheahan H, Canning K, Refausse N, Kinnear EM, Jorgensen G, Walsh JR, Lazzarini PA. Differences in the daily activity of patients with diabetic foot ulcers compared to controls in their free-living environments. Int Wound J 2017; 14:1175-1182. [PMID: 28707412 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of our study were to investigate multiple daily activity outcomes in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) compared to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetes (DM) controls in their free-living environments. We examined daily activity outcomes of 30 patients with DFU, 23 DPN and 20 DM. All patients wore a validated multi-sensor device for > 5 days (>22 hours per day) to measure their daily activity outcomes: steps, energy expenditure (kJ), average metabolic equivalent tasks (METs), physical activity (>3·0 METs) duration and energy expenditure, lying duration, sleep duration and sleep quality. We found that DFU patients recorded fewer median (interquartile ranges, IQR) daily steps [2154 (1621-4324)] than DPN [3660 (2742-7705)] and DM [5102 (4011-7408)] controls (P < 0·05). In contrast, DFU patients recorded more mean ± SD daily energy expenditure (kJ) (13 006 ± 3559) than DPN (11 085 ± 1876) and DM (11 491 ± 1559) controls (P < 0·05). We found no other differences in daily activity outcomes (P > 0·1). We conclude that DFU patients typically take fewer steps but expend more energy during their normal daily activity than DPN and DM controls. We hypothesise that the increased energy expenditure for DFU patients may be due to wound healing or an inefficient gait strategy. Further investigations into this energy imbalance in DFU patients may improve healing in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Sheahan
- Community Diabetes Service, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kimberley Canning
- Community Diabetes Service, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nishka Refausse
- Community Diabetes Service, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ewan M Kinnear
- Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Greg Jorgensen
- Department of Sleep Science, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James R Walsh
- Heart Lung Institute, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter A Lazzarini
- Department of Podiatry, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.,Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Clinical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Ahn S. Association between daily activities, process skills, and motor skills in community-dwelling patients after left hemiparetic stroke. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:1829-31. [PMID: 27390426 PMCID: PMC4932067 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between daily activities, information processing, and motor skills in individuals with hemineglect after having a left hemiparetic stroke. [Subjects and Methods] The instrumental activities of daily living of 35 patients (22 male and 13 female; age: 57.1 ± 16.9 years) with hemineglect after having a left hemiparetic stroke were assessed by using three clinical measurement tools, including activity card sorting, assessment of motor and process skills, and the modified Barthel Index. [Results] The results of the regression analysis indicated that the patients' processing skills in instrumental activities of daily living after having a left hemiparetic stroke were reduced. Participation in leisure and social activities was also affected as assessed by using the modified Barthel Index. [Conclusion] This study supports the clinical need for rehabilitation intervention after a left hemiparetic stroke to improve patients' processing skills and independence in performing activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinae Ahn
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Yeoju Institute of
Technology, Republic of Korea
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van Norren K, Rusli F, van Dijk M, Lute C, Nagel J, Dijk FJ, Dwarkasing J, Boekschoten MV, Luiking Y, Witkamp RF, Müller M, Steegenga WT. Behavioural changes are a major contributing factor in the reduction of sarcopenia in caloric-restricted ageing mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2015; 6:253-68. [PMID: 26401472 PMCID: PMC4575557 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rodent models, caloric restriction (CR) with maintenance of adequate micronutrient supply has been reported to increase lifespan and to reduce age-induced muscle loss (sarcopenia) during ageing. In the present study, we further investigated effects of CR on the onset and severity of sarcopenia in ageing male C57BL/6 J mice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CR induces changes in behaviour of the animals that could contribute to the pronounced health-promoting effects of CR in rodents. In addition, we aimed to investigate in more detail the effects of CR on the onset and severity of sarcopenia. METHODS The mice received either an ad libitum diet (control) or a diet matching 70 E% of the control diet (C). Daily activity, body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), grip strength, insulin sensitivity, and general agility and balance were determined at different ages. Mice were killed at 4, 12, 24, and 28 months. Skeletal muscles of the hind limb were dissected, and the muscle extensor digitorum longus muscle was used for force-frequency measurements. The musculus tibialis was used for real-time quantitative PCR analysis. RESULTS From the age of 12 months, CR animals were nearly half the weight of the control animals, which was mainly related to a lower fat mass. In the control group, the hind limb muscles showed a decline in mass at 24 or 28 months of age, which was not present in the CR group. Moreover, insulin sensitivity (oral glucose tolerance test) was higher in this group and the in vivo and ex vivo grip strength did not differ between the two groups. In the hours before food was provided, CR animals were far more active than control animals, while total daily activity was not increased. Moreover, agility test indicated that CR animals were better climbers and showed more climbing behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms earlier findings that in CR animals less sarcopenia is present. The mice on the CR diet, however, showed specific behavioural changes characterized by higher bursts of activity within a short time frame before consumption of a 70 E% daily meal. We hypothesize that the positive effects of CR on muscle maintenance in rodents are not merely a direct consequence of a lower energy intake but also related to a more active behaviour in a specific time frame. The burst of activity just before immediate start of eating, might lead to a highly effective use of the restricted protein sources available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaske van Norren
- Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands ; Nutricia Research Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fenni Rusli
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carolien Lute
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jvalini Dwarkasing
- Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark V Boekschoten
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Renger F Witkamp
- Nutrition and Pharmacology Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Müller
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma T Steegenga
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Huang Q, Zhou ZK, Ma J, Li Y, Yang X, Shen B, Yang J, Kang PD, Pei FX. The arthropathic and functional impairment features of adult Kashin-Beck disease patients in Aba Tibetan area in China. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:601-6. [PMID: 25596323 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT The purpose of the study was to analyze the features of arthropathic changes and functional impairments as well as the correlations between them for adult patients suffered with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Aba Tibetan area of Sichuan Province, China. METHOD Nine hundred and eighty-nine adult KBD patients in Aba KBD prevalence area were investigated. The arthropathic changes including arthritic pain (evaluated by visual analog pain score (VAS)), deformity, limited range of joint motion (ROM), as well as daily living and working function were examined, evaluated and analyzed. RESULTS Ninety-two percent of patients suffered with multiple affected joints in both upper and lower extremities. The most frequently affected joints were knee (86.1%) and hand (77.2%). The most painful joints were knee (VAS 7.1 ± 1.9) and elbow (VAS 6.8 ± 2.1). Joint deformities most frequently represented as enlargement of interphalangeal joints (93.2%). Limitation of ROM occurred most frequently in hand (76.7%) and elbow (38.4%). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that only joint pain (regression coefficient: -0.504, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.820-0.188, P < 0.001) and ROM (regression coefficient: 0.017, 95% CI: 0.011-0.024, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors affecting daily living and working function. CONCLUSION Most adult patients suffered with multiple affected joints in both upper and lower limbs. The elbow, hand and knee were the most frequently and severely affected joints. The pain and limited ROM were the independent risk factors of daily living and working function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Huang
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - Z-K Zhou
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China.
| | - J Ma
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - Y Li
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - X Yang
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - B Shen
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - J Yang
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - P-D Kang
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
| | - F-X Pei
- Orthopedic Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
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Battaglia S, Belvedere C, Jaber SA, Affatato S, D'Angeli V, Leardini A. A new protocol from real joint motion data for wear simulation in total knee arthroplasty: stair climbing. Med Eng Phys 2014; 36:1605-10. [PMID: 25242732 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In its normal lifespan, a knee prosthesis must bear highly demanding loading conditions, going beyond the sole activity of level walking required by ISO standard 14243. We have developed a protocol for in vitro wear simulation of stair climbing on a displacement controlled knee simulator. The flexion/extension angle, intra/extra rotation angle, and antero/posterior translation were obtained in patients by three-dimensional video-fluoroscopy. Axial load data were collected by gait analysis. Kinematics and load data revealed a good consistence across patients, in spite of the different prosthesis size. The protocol was then implemented and tested on a displacement controlled knee wear simulator, showing an accurate reproduction of stair climbing waveforms with a relative error lower than 5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina Battaglia
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Belvedere
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sami Abdel Jaber
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Saverio Affatato
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Valentina D'Angeli
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Leardini
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Massé F, Bourke AK, Chardonnens J, Paraschiv-Ionescu A, Aminian K. Suitability of commercial barometric pressure sensors to distinguish sitting and standing activities for wearable monitoring. Med Eng Phys 2014; 36:739-44. [PMID: 24485500 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Despite its medical relevance, accurate recognition of sedentary (sitting and lying) and dynamic activities (e.g. standing and walking) remains challenging using a single wearable device. Currently, trunk-worn wearable systems can differentiate sitting from standing with moderate success, as activity classifiers often rely on inertial signals at the transition period (e.g. from sitting to standing) which contains limited information. Discriminating sitting from standing thus requires additional sources of information such as elevation change. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the suitability of barometric pressure, providing an absolute estimate of elevation, for evaluating sitting and standing periods during daily activities. Three sensors were evaluated in both calm laboratory conditions and a pilot study involving seven healthy subjects performing 322 sitting and standing transitions, both indoor and outdoor, in real-world conditions. The MS5611-BA01 barometric pressure sensor (Measurement Specialties, USA) demonstrated superior performance to counterparts. It discriminates actual sitting and standing transitions from stationary postures with 99.5% accuracy and is also capable to completely dissociate Sit-to-Stand from Stand-to-Sit transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Massé
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM) , EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A K Bourke
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM) , EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Chardonnens
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM) , EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Paraschiv-Ionescu
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM) , EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Aminian
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Measurement (LMAM) , EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Duc C, Farron A, Pichonnaz C, Jolles BM, Bassin JP, Aminian K. Distribution of arm velocity and frequency of arm usage during daily activity: objective outcome evaluation after shoulder surgery. Gait Posture 2013; 38:247-52. [PMID: 23266045 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In clinical settings, functional evaluation of shoulder movement is primarily based on what the patient thinks he/she is able to do rather than what he/she is actually performing. We proposed a new approach for shoulder assessment based on inertial sensors to monitor arm movement in the daily routine. The detection of movement of the humerus relative to the trunk was first validated in a laboratory setting (sensitivity>95%, specificity>97%). Then, 41 control subjects and 21 patients suffering from a rotator cuff tear were evaluated (before and after surgery) using clinical questionnaires and a one-day measurement of arm movement. The quantity of movement was estimated with the movement frequency and its symmetry index (SIFr). The quality of movement was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance (KS) between the cumulative distribution of the arm velocity for controls and the same distribution for each patient. SIFr presented differences between patients and controls at 3 month follow-up (p<0.05) while KS showed differences also after 6 months (p<0.01). SIFr illustrated a change in dominance due to the disorder whereas KS, which appeared independent of the dominance and occupation, showed a change in movement velocity. Both parameters were correlated to clinical scores (R(2) reaching 0.5). This approach provides clinicians with new objective parameters for evaluating the functional ability of the shoulder in daily conditions, which could be useful for outcome assessment after surgery.
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