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Amatori S, Gobbi E, Sisti D, Pivato G, Giombini G, Rombaldoni R, Calcagnini G, Rocchi MBL, Perroni F. Physical activity, musculoskeletal disorders, burnout, and work engagement: a cross-sectional study on Italian white-collar employees. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1375817. [PMID: 38746006 PMCID: PMC11091297 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1375817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Both mental and physical health of office workers had a positive relationship with their work engagement, with the latter relationship being driven by the association of a healthy diet and physical activity (PA). This observational study aimed to investigate the associations between PA levels, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), burnout, and work engagement, in a sample of white-collar employees. Methods A total of 615 workers (age 42.2 ± 9.5 years) successfully completed an online questionnaire comprising work-related information and standardized questionnaires on PA, MSDs, burnout and work engagement. Results 36.9% of the participants did not meet the PA guidelines, 19.0% adhered to them, and 44.1% exceeded them. A significant portion of participants reported suffering from MSDs, primarily neck/shoulder and/or low back/hip pain. Those exceeding PA guidelines had fewer MSDs compared to non-compliant participants and exhibited better mental health and work engagement. Compliance with PA guidelines was associated with a 38% reduced risk of emotional exhaustion, with an even greater reduction of 47% among those surpassing the guidelines. Discussion PA could exert a positive effect on physical and mental health of employees, but only if performed above a certain amount. The study supports the need to identify workplaces as suitable for health-focused interventions and lifestyle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amatori
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Erica Gobbi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Davide Sisti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pivato
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Germana Giombini
- Department of Economics, Social Science, and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Rosalba Rombaldoni
- Department of Economics, Social Science, and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Calcagnini
- Department of Economics, Social Science, and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco B. L. Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Service of Biostatistics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Perroni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Herz M, Bösl S, Gebhard D. Individual and organizational interventions to promote staff health and well-being in residential long-term care: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials over the past 20 years. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:195. [PMID: 38519896 PMCID: PMC10958844 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staff in residential long-term care (RLTC) experience significant physical and mental work demands. However, research on specific interventions to promote staff health and well-being in RLTC facilities is limited. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence on health promotion interventions among RLTC staff. METHODS A comprehensive systematic literature review was conducted on studies published between January 2000 and April 2023. Four electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and PsychArticles via EBSCO. The review followed the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool (RoB 2). RESULTS A total of 26 publications, referring to 23 different interventions with a randomized controlled design were included. Among these interventions, ten used training/educational approaches, six used behavioral approaches, and seven employed a multimodal approach. Significant improvements in health and well-being outcomes were found in four interventions using a training/educational approach, three interventions using a behavioral approach, and four interventions using a multimodal approach. Within the interventions studied, twelve specifically targeted the reduction of job demands, while only one intervention exclusively addressed job resources among RLTC staff. Furthermore, ten interventions addressed primary outcomes that encompassed both job demands and job resources. CONCLUSION Current evidence for health promotion interventions among RLTC staff is still limited, but research suggests that there is potential to improve certain outcomes related to RLTC staff health and well-being. Future research is recommended to contemplate a tailored intervention design that encompasses both individual-level and organizational-level approaches, and gender-specific physiological and sociological characteristics of RLTC staff. Moreover, detailed reporting of the development process, and research on the interaction between job demands and resources of RLTC staff are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Herz
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sabina Bösl
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany
- European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants, Hofmannstrasse 7A, 81379, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Gebhard
- Department Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992, Munich, Germany
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Namli Seker A, Arman N. Comparison of the Effects of Two Different Exercise Programs on Lower Limb Functions, Posture, and Physical Activity in Office Workers Working at Home and in Office Alternately: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 103:134-142. [PMID: 37535624 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of online functional exercises and posture exercises on lower limb functions, posture, and physical activity in office workers working at home and in office alternately during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Forty individuals were included in the study and were randomized into two groups: group I (functional exercise group, 20 participants) and group II (posture exercise group, 20 participants). The exercises programs were performed online for 2 days/in a week/8 wk. Lower limb functions, posture, and physical activity were evaluated before and after the exercise program. RESULT Significant improvement was obtained in lower limb functions (muscular endurance, balance, and functional capacity), posture, and physical activity in group I, while significant improvement was obtained in balance and functional capacity in group II after treatment. The change in scores of lower limb functions, posture, and physical activity after treatment was statistically superior in group I compared with group II ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It was found that both online exercise programs provided effective results in office workers working at home and in office alternately due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the functional exercise program had superior effects on lower limb functions, posture, and physical activity compared with the posture exercise program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysenur Namli Seker
- From the Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey; Division of Podology, Nazilli Health Services Vocational School, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye (ANS); and Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye (NA)
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Christiansen HJ, Søgaard K, Justesen JB, Sjøgaard G, Dalager T. Long Term Cardiovascular Health Effects of Intelligent Physical Exercise Training Among Office Workers-A 2 Year Follow up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:813-819. [PMID: 37231634 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess long-term effects of intelligent physical exercise training (IPET) on cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2max ) and cardiometabolic measures. METHODS Office workers were randomized to a control group (CG, n = 194) or a training group (TG, n = 193). The TG received 1-hour weekly IPET during paid working hours for 2 years and recommendations to perform 30-minute leisure time physical activity 6 d/wk (LPA). RESULTS Training group compared with CG demonstrated a significantly larger increase in VO 2max of 0.13 ± 0.06 L/min and improved cardiometabolic measures at 1-year follow-up that were maintained at 2-year follow-up, with larger increases in VO 2max among high-adherence participants. CONCLUSIONS Intelligent physical exercise training and LPA showed the potential for long-term improved VO 2max and cardiometabolic measures. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of integrating IPET during paid working hours, and the significance of adherence to training was underlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Joon Christiansen
- From the Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark (H.J.C., K.S., J.B.J., G.S., T.D.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (H.J.C., T.D.)
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Adams M, Gordt-Oesterwind K, Bongartz M, Zimmermann S, Seide S, Braun V, Schwenk M. Effects of Physical Activity Interventions on Strength, Balance and Falls in Middle-Aged Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:61. [PMID: 37466877 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weak lower body strength and balance impairments are fundamental risk factors for mobility impairments and falls that can be improved by physical activity (PA). Previous meta-analyses have focused on these risk factors in adults aged ≥ 65 years. Yet, the potential of PA for improving these risk factors in middle-aged populations has not been systematically investigated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the effect of general and structured PA on lower limb strength, postural balance and falls in middle-aged adults. METHODS A computerized systematic literature search was conducted in the electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. PA intervention types were classified according to the ProFaNE taxonomy. Randomized controlled trials exploring the effects of PA on strength (e.g., leg press one-repetition-maximum), balance (e.g., single limb stance) and falls (e.g., fall rates) in adults aged 40-60 years were systematically searched and included in a network analysis. Moderator analyses were performed for specific subgroups (age, sex, low PA). The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale. RESULTS Out of 7170 articles screened, 66 studies (median PEDro score 5) with 3387 participants were included. Strong, significant effects on muscle strength were found for strength (SMD = 1.02), strength-aerobic (SMD = 1.41), strength-endurance (SMD = 0.92) and water-based (SMD = 1.08) training (52 studies, I2 = 79.3%). Strength training (SMD = 1.16), strength-aerobic (SMD = 0.98) and 3D training (SMD = 1.31) improved postural balance (30 studies, I2 = 88.1%). Moderator analyses revealed significant effects of specific intervention types on certain subgroups and subdomains of strength and balance. No studies were found measuring falls. CONCLUSIONS Structured PA interventions in middle-aged adults improve strength and balance outcomes related to functional impairments and falls. Strength training increases both strength and balance and can be recommended to prevent age-related functional decline. However, the interpretability of the results is limited due to considerable heterogeneity and the overall low methodological quality of the included studies. Long-term trials are needed to determine the preventive potential of PA on strength, balance and falls. This meta-analysis may inform guidelines for tailored training during middle age to promote healthy aging. Prospero registration: CRD42020218643.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Adams
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Heidelberg University, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Katharina Gordt-Oesterwind
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Heidelberg University, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- Unit Digitale Geriatrie, Geriatric Center of Heidelberg University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bongartz
- Geriatric Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samuel Zimmermann
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svenja Seide
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Braun
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Schwenk
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Heidelberg University, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464, Constance, Germany
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Larinier N, Vuillerme N, Balaguier R. Effectiveness of warm-up interventions on work-related musculoskeletal disorders, physical and psychosocial functions among workers: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e056560. [PMID: 37130661 PMCID: PMC10163487 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review was to identify from published literature the available evidence regarding the effects of warm-up intervention implemented in the workplace on work -related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and physical and psychosocial functions. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES The following four electronic databases were searched (from inception onwards to October 2022): Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed (Medline), Web of Science and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Randomised and non-randomised controlled studies were included in this review. Interventions should include a warm-up physical intervention in real-workplaces. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS The primary outcomes were pain, discomfort, fatigue and physical functions. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation evidence synthesis. To assess the risk of bias, the Cochrane ROB2 was used for randomised controlled trial (RCT) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies-of Interventions was used for the non-RCT studies. RESULTS Three studies met the inclusion criterion, one cluster RCT and two non-RCTs. There was an important heterogeneity in the included studies principally concerning population and warm-up intervention exercises. There were important risks of bias in the four selected studies, due to blinding and confounding factors. Overall certainty of evidence was very low. CONCLUSION Due to the poor methodological quality of studies and conflicting results, there was no evidence supporting the use of warm-up to prevent WMSDs in the workplace. The present findings highlighted the need of good quality studies targeting the effects of warm-up intervention to prevent WMSDs. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019137211.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Larinier
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Saint-Martin-d'Heres, France
- Opti'Mouv, St Paul, France
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Saint-Martin-d'Heres, France
- Opti'Mouv, St Paul, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Romain Balaguier
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Saint-Martin-d'Heres, France
- Opti'Mouv, St Paul, France
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Amatori S, Ferri Marini C, Gobbi E, Sisti D, Giombini G, Rombaldoni R, Rocchi MBL, Lucertini F, Federici A, Perroni F, Calcagnini G. Short High-Intensity Interval Exercise for Workplace-Based Physical Activity Interventions: A Systematic Review on Feasibility and Effectiveness. Sports Med 2023; 53:887-901. [PMID: 36840913 PMCID: PMC10036456 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01821-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace exercise interventions showed good results, but lack of time was often reported as a barrier to participation. To overcome this problem, several studies attempted to implement short high-intensity interval training (HIT) within the workplace. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review is to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of HIT interventions within the workplace setting. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and SPORTDiscus to identify articles related to HIT within the workplace. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Only interventions that consisted of HIT programmes within the workplace and tested at least one physiological, psychological, or work-related outcome were included. RESULTS Seven studies (317 participants) met the inclusion criteria. HIT interventions lasted 6-12 weeks, with a frequency of 2-4 sessions/week and a duration of 8-30 min per session. Feasibility was qualitatively investigated in four studies, with key positive aspects reported for HIT time-appeal, the sense of competence driven by individual intensity, and improved intention to exercise; five studies reported adherence rates > 80%. Small-to-large effect sizes were reported for improvements in cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness. Small-to-medium effect sizes were reported for blood parameters and health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS HIT interventions in the workplace showed limited effectiveness in improving health-related outcomes, while promising results regarding feasibility were reported, mainly due to the time-efficiency and the positive post-exercise psychosocial responses. However, further high-quality studies involving more participants are still needed to make firm conclusions on HIT effectiveness and feasibility compared to other types of exercise in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amatori
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferri Marini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Erica Gobbi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Davide Sisti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Germana Giombini
- Department of Economics, Social Science, and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Rosalba Rombaldoni
- Department of Economics, Social Science, and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco B L Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesco Lucertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Ario Federici
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Perroni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Dell'Annunziata 4, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Calcagnini
- Department of Economics, Social Science, and Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Scharf C, Tilp M. Twelve Weeks of Web-Based Low to Moderate Physical Activity Breaks with Coordinative Exercises at the Workplace Increase Motor Skills but Not Motor Abilities in Office Workers-A Randomised Controlled Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2193. [PMID: 36767561 PMCID: PMC9915999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Integrating physical activity interventions at the workplace can have positive effects on the employees' health. This study aimed to evaluate a physical activity break with coordinative exercises (PAB) including juggling and balance tasks and to assess its effects on motor abilities. Thirty-two university employees were randomly allocated to an intervention (IG:20) or a control (CG:12) group. The IG participated two times per week for 12 weeks in a PAB with a duration of 15 to 20 min. We measured the unimanual, bimanual finger, and hand dexterity with the Purdue Pegboard Test, the reaction time with the Fall Stick Test, and the dynamic balance with the Y Balance Test. Juggling performance was assessed by measuring the time(s) of performing a three-ball-cascade. Furthermore, an evaluation of the PAB was executed. Participants in the IG improved their juggling performance after six and twelve weeks. These increases were significantly different compared to the CG. However, no other parameters changed significantly. The evaluation showed that the PAB was enjoyable and led to subjective improvements in the participants health and working routine. To conclude, PAB can lead to improvements in juggling performance, subjective health, and the working routine.
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Otto AK, Wollesen B. Multicomponent exercises to prevent and reduce back pain in elderly care nurses: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:114. [PMID: 35729667 PMCID: PMC9210633 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Sports science is making an important contribution to health services research and supports the development of tailored interventions, e.g., in nursing settings. Working in elderly care is associated with a high prevalence of low back pain (LBP). Due to the diverse requirements and high strains, multicomponent programs are essential to address all relevant factors. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a tailored ten-week ergonomics and twelve-week strength training on lifting behavior, strength endurance, LBP, functional impairment and adherence. Methods n = 42 nurses were randomly assigned to the intervention (IG; n = 20) or control group (CG; n = 22). They were eligible for participation if they were active in residential care and if they provided written informed consent. Other employees were excluded. The data were collected at baseline, at ten weeks (after ergonomics training), at 22 weeks (after strength training), and at 34 weeks (follow-up). The analysis combined physical tests with questionnaires (Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation, PILE-Test; Biering-Sørensen-Test; Visual Analog Scale Pain, VAS; Oswestry Disability Index, ODI; self-developed questionnaire for adherence). Group differences were analyzed by Chi2-Tests, ANOVA, and Linear Mixed Models. Results The IG showed an improved lifting performance (PILE-Test; 95% CI 1.378–7.810, p = .006) and a reduced LBP compared to the CG (VAS; 95% CI − 1.987 to 0.034, p = .043) after ergonomics training (PILE-Test, F(1,34) = 21.070, p < .001; VAS, F(1,34) = 5.021, p = .032). The results showed no differences concerning the Biering-Sørensen-Test and the ODI. Positive adherence rates were observed. Conclusions This approach and the positive results are essential to derive specific recommendations for effective prevention. The study results can be completed in future research with additional strategies to reduce nurses’ burden further. Trial registration The trial was registered at DRKS.de (DRKS00015249, registration date: 05/09/2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Otto
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Biopsychology and Neuroergonomics, Technical University of Berlin, Fasanenstraße 1, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bettina Wollesen
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148, Hamburg, Germany
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Stassen G, Baulig L, Müller O, Schaller A. Attention to Progression Principles and Variables of Exercise Prescription in Workplace-Related Resistance Training Interventions: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials. Front Public Health 2022; 10:832523. [PMID: 35400069 PMCID: PMC8990091 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.832523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe workplace is an important setting for adult health promotion including exercise training such as resistance training (RT). Since the reporting of exercise training interventions is generally inconsistent, the objective of this systematic review was to investigate the attention to principles of RT progression and variables of RT exercise prescription in workplace-related RT interventions.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in the databases LIVIVO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science (2000–2020). Controlled trials with apparently healthy “employees” and a main focus on RT were included. RT principles and variables were extracted and rated by two reviewers (reported, not reported, or unclear). Sum scores for each RT intervention and percentages regarding each principle and variable were calculated.ResultsOverall, 21 articles were included (18 primary studies, 3 protocols). Summarized narratively, the interventions showed different positive effects on strength- or performance-related and/or health- or complaint-related outcomes. The reporting of the RT principles and variables was varied [progressive overload: 94% of the studies, specificity: 78%, variation (periodization): 39%, muscle action: 94%, loading: 94%, volume; 67%, exercise selection: 89%, exercise order: 47%, rest periods between sets: 33%, rest periods between exercises: 27%, repetition velocity: 44%, and frequency: 100%].ConclusionSeveral key RT principles and variables were reported inconsistently, reducing reproducibility and pointing to the need for standardized RT intervention reporting in workplace-related interventions. Exercise science and workplace promotion should be further linked, since accurate reporting is a prerequisite for transferring robust findings into practice.
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da Silva NC, Ricci FPFM, de Castro VR, de Lima ACR, do Carmo Lopes ER, de Salvo Mauad LD, Kawano Suzuki KA, de Oliveira Medeiros ME, de Santana JS, Rocha FLR, de Cássia Registro Fonseca M. Effects of workplace upper extremity resistance exercises on function and symptoms of workers at a tertiary hospital: a randomized controlled trial protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:119. [PMID: 35123476 PMCID: PMC8818236 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) are often caused by inadequate use of the musculoskeletal system during work. Evidence suggests that multimodal intervention through exercises, massage, education, and ergonomic guidelines reduces pain and symptoms in the neck and upper extremities and help to prevent musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this study will be to assess the additive effectiveness of a specific and individualized workplace strengthening exercise program to an ergonomic guidance in reducing fatigue, pain and discomfort in the upper extremities and neck perceived by workers. Methods This trial was designed according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials - CONSORT guidelines. Participants will be employees of a tertiary hospital, with any complaints of pain or discomfort in the upper extremities during the past 12 months, without clinical musculoskeletal diagnosis. 166 participants will be randomized into parallels groups as control and workplace exercises. The primary outcomes will be Numerical Pain Scale, isokinetic muscle strength of abduction and isometric handgrip strength. Secondary outcomes on discomfort, fatigue, work capacity and dysfunction will be assessed by QuickDASH, Patient Specific Functional Scale, Neck Disability Index, Need for recovery, Work Ability Index self-report questionnaires and FIT-HANSA performance test. The Ergonomic Work Analysis will be done by Quick Expose Check, RULA, REBA, RARME, ROSA and HARM risk assessment ergonomic tools. We will analyze the difference between baseline and 12 weeks of intervention by T test of independent samples (95% confidence interval, p < 0.05). Clinical significance will be analyzed by the minimum clinically important difference and effect size by Cohen index. The association between the variables will be analyzed by construct validity with the hypothesis of correlations between pain and muscle strength, strength and functionality and strength and fatigue. Discussion Although studies have shown promise outcomes for workplace exercises as an available therapeutic resource used to minimize complaints of pain and discomfort related to work, the results of this study aim to bring evidence about the benefit of a specific resistance exercise as an effective modality to facilitate mechanisms of neuromuscular adaptations, with gradual and posterior hypertrophy in the later phases. Trial registration (NCT04047056, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04047056?term=NCT04047056&draw=2&rank=1) on Dec 03, 2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05059-5.
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Pietiläinen E, Kyröläinen H, Vasankari T, Santtila M, Luukkaala T, Parkkola K. A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol for Using an Accelerometer-Smartphone Application Intervention to Increase Physical Activity and Improve Health among Employees in a Military Workplace. Methods Protoc 2021; 5:mps5010001. [PMID: 35076553 PMCID: PMC8788450 DOI: 10.3390/mps5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is beneficial for improving health and reducing sick leave absences. This article describes a protocol for an intervention using an interactive accelerometer smartphone application, telephone counselling, and physical activity recordings to increase the physical activity of workers in the military and improve their health. Under the protocol, employees from six military brigades in Finland will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group’s participants will use accelerometers to measure their daily physical activities and their quality of sleep for six months. They will receive feedback based on these measurements via a smartphone application. The intervention group’s participants will be encouraged to exercise for two hours per week during working hours, and to participate in telephone counselling. The control group’s participants will continue with their normal exercise routines, without the accelerometer or feedback. The participants of both groups will be measured at the baseline, after the intervention period, and six months after the end of the intervention. The measurements will include accelerometer recordings, biochemical laboratory tests, body composition measurements, physical fitness tests, and questionnaires on sociodemographic factors, physical activities, and health. The primary outcomes will indicate changes in physical activity, physical fitness, and sick leave absences. The findings will help to develop a straightforward and cost-effective model for supporting the health and working capabilities of employees in the military and other workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Pietiläinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Kauppi Campus, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland;
- Special Expert Unit, Centre for Military Medicine, P.O. Box 50, 00301 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), 40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland;
- Department of Military Pedagogy and Leadership, National Defence University, P.O. Box 7, 00861 Helsinki, Finland; (M.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Kauppi Campus, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland;
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Santtila
- Department of Military Pedagogy and Leadership, National Defence University, P.O. Box 7, 00861 Helsinki, Finland; (M.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Tiina Luukkaala
- Research, Development and Innovation Center, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland;
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Parkkola
- Department of Military Pedagogy and Leadership, National Defence University, P.O. Box 7, 00861 Helsinki, Finland; (M.S.); (K.P.)
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland
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SantaBarbara N, Rezai R, Terry E, Shedd K, Comulada WS. Preliminary Efficacy and Acceptability of an Online Exercise and Nutrition Workplace Wellness Program: A Brief Report. Workplace Health Saf 2021; 70:90-96. [PMID: 34558353 DOI: 10.1177/21650799211037528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace wellness programs (WWP) offer physiological and psychological benefits to employees and financial and productivity benefits to employers. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has prevented in-person sessions and has required WWP's to transition to online platforms. The purpose of this brief report was to assess the preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a mobile version of the Bruin Health Improvement Program (BHIP mobile) WWP. METHODS Participants virtually attended (i.e., via Zoom) twice weekly physical activity sessions and a once weekly nutrition seminar for 10-weeks with the option of a 30-minute one-on-one consultation with a registered dietician. Demographics, anthropometric indices, stress, muscular endurance, and aerobic fitness were assessed at baseline and follow-up. All analyses were conducted in SPSS v. 27. RESULTS Twenty-seven participants (96% female) enrolled and 13 (100% female) completed the 10-week program. There were significant reductions in bodyweight (p < .01) and body mass index (p < .02) but not stress (p > .05), and significant increases in muscular endurance (p < .01) but not aerobic fitness (p > .05). Overall, BHIP mobile appears to be acceptable to participants but logistical concerns such as inconsistent internet connection was noted as potential downfalls. CONCLUSIONS/APPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE Improvements in health outcome among completers of a mobile WWP were promising. Completer feedback highlighted program strengths as the flexibility and comfort of attending exercise sessions and nutrition classes from home. Future versions of the program will allocate resources to improve completion and expand appeal for men and women.
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Rezai R, SantaBarbara N, Almirol E, Shedd K, Terry E, Park M, Comulada WS. Efficacy and costs of a workplace wellness programme. Occup Med (Lond) 2021; 70:649-655. [PMID: 33289018 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research investigating the efficacy of workplace wellness programmes to promote exercise, and by extension, reduce obesity and increase productivity has proliferated in recent years. Although preliminary work is encouraging, more work is needed. AIMS To evaluate the effects and overall cost of a workplace exercise programme on multiple physical outcomes, including body mass index, aerobic fitness and muscular fitness. METHODS Data from the Bruin Health Improvement Programme .5 (BHIP) between August 2013 and July 2018 were analysed. BHIP is a 12-week workplace wellness programme that assesses multiple areas of physical and mental health. For this study, changes in weight, waist-to-hip ratio, aerobic fitness and muscular endurance were analysed using paired samples t-tests and chi-squared tests. Using results from a prior analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the estimated medical expenditure savings associated with weight loss were also analysed. RESULTS A total of 518 participants (84% female) took part in the BHIP programme (mean age = 41 years, SD = 1.17). There were significant decreases in all anthropometric indices and significant increases in all fitness outcomes (P < 0.01) from baseline to follow-up. Estimated programme cost per participant, per session was $473 US Dollars (USD), and weight loss is estimated to reduce annual medical care costs by ~$2200 USD. CONCLUSIONS Results showed significant improvements in all physical outcomes of interest. Additionally, there appears to be an inverse relationship between improvements in employee health and employer healthcare costs. Strengths, limitations and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rezai
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N SantaBarbara
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Almirol
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K Shedd
- Department of Recreation, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Terry
- Department of Recreation, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W S Comulada
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Hunter JR, Gordon BA, Huynh M, Benson AC. Physical Activity Participation After a 16-Week Supervised Workplace Exercise RCT With a 15-Month Follow-Up. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e526-e532. [PMID: 34029296 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of exercise supervision on short- and longer-term moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) participation. METHODS Fifty-six Australian university employees completed a 16-week moderate-to-high intensity aerobic and resistance exercise intervention, and the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) 15 months later. Participants received either personal (SUP; n = 21) or non-personal (NPS; n = 19) exercise supervision at an onsite facility or exercised offsite with no supervision (CON; n = 16). RESULTS A linear mixed model identified a significant group × time interaction effect for MVPA, with increases at 15-month follow-up for CON only. Pooled data suggested more participants completed ≥500 MET-minutes of weekly MVPA at 16 weeks (66%) and 15-month follow-up (68%) compared to baseline (54%). CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive health and fitness assessment and individually tailored exercise without personal supervision may promote ongoing MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden R Hunter
- Department of Rural Allied Health, Holsworth Research Initiative, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia (Dr Hunter and Dr Gordon); Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (Dr Huynh); Department Health Sciences and Biostatistics, Sport Innovation Research Group, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria, Australia (Dr Benson)
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Brinsley J, Girard D, Smout M, Davison K. Is yoga considered exercise within systematic reviews of exercise interventions? A scoping review. Complement Ther Med 2020; 56:102618. [PMID: 33189861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Yoga is an increasingly popular choice of exercise for the Western population, with people engaging in yoga for a range of physical and mental health and well-being reasons. The aim of this scoping review is to examine whether yoga is considered an exercise modality within relevant leading journals, as evidenced by its consideration in systematic reviews (SRs) of exercise interventions for health-related outcomes. METHODS Design: Scoping review. DATA SOURCES Three leading sources (Sports Medicine, British Journal of Sports Medicine and Cochrane Collaboration) were searched. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: The ten most recently published systematic reviews of exercise interventions for health-related outcomes from each journal were included (N = 30) that met these criteria: systematic review studying humans participating in general exercise and measuring a health-related outcome. Exercise interventions with any specific qualifying terms (e.g. aquatic, strength, aerobic) were excluded. RESULTS The articles retrieved were published between 2007 and 2019, and collectively included 991 interventions. Seven reviews explicitly stated that yoga was to be included/excluded while twenty-three studies made no mention of how yoga was being considered in the methodology. Five studies included yoga in the search strategy, implying its inclusion. Post-hoc analyses found that the definitions of exercise in general were also variable. Exercise definition specificity was not associated with whether or not yoga was assessed for inclusion. CONCLUSIONS Systematic reviews of exercise and physical activity interventions for health-related outcomes do not consistently make clear whether or not they include or exclude yoga as a form of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Brinsley
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Danielle Girard
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew Smout
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kade Davison
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, Australia
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Effectiveness of Workplace Yoga Interventions to Reduce Perceived Stress in Employees: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2020; 5:jfmk5020033. [PMID: 33467249 PMCID: PMC7739364 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk5020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Work-related stress represents a relevant public health issue and solution strategies are mandatory. Yoga is a common approach to manage stress and its effectiveness has been extensively confirmed. Therefore, this study aims systematically to review the effectiveness of Yoga interventions carried out at workplace on work-related stress among employees and to assess their impact quantitatively. Springerlink, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL and PEDro databases were searched. Clinical trials comparing workplace Yoga interventions to control groups, and evaluating perceived stress as outcome measure, were assessed for eligibility. All forms and styles of Yoga were considered for the analysis. Out of 3392 initially identified, 6 studies were included in the meta-analysis; 266 participants practicing Yoga interventions at worksite were compared to 221 subjects in control group. Included studies showed "some concerns" about different domains of source of bias. Quantitative analysis showed an overall effect size of -0.67 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.86, -0.49] in favor of Yoga intervention in reducing stress outcome measures. Hence, workplace Yoga interventions were more effective when compared to no treatment in work-related stress management. Further high-quality studies are needed to improve the validity of these results and to specify more characteristics of the Yoga intervention, such as style, volume, and frequency.
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