1
|
Hajdú G, Szathmári C, Sőti C. Modeling Host-Pathogen Interactions in C. elegans: Lessons Learned from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7034. [PMID: 39000143 PMCID: PMC11241598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections, such as that by the multiresistant opportunistic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, may pose a serious health risk, especially on vulnerable patient populations. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides a simple organismal model to investigate both pathogenic mechanisms and the emerging role of innate immunity in host protection. Here, we review the virulence and infection strategies of P. aeruginosa and host defenses of C. elegans. We summarize the recognition mechanisms of patterns of pathogenesis, including novel pathogen-associated molecular patterns and surveillance immunity of translation, mitochondria, and lysosome-related organelles. We also review the regulation of antimicrobial and behavioral defenses by the worm's neuroendocrine system. We focus on how discoveries in this rich field align with well-characterized evolutionary conserved protective pathways, as well as on potential crossovers to human pathogenesis and innate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Hajdú
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge Szathmári
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sőti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carrera-Aubesart A, Gallo M, Defaus S, Todorovski T, Andreu D. Topoisomeric Membrane-Active Peptides: A Review of the Last Two Decades. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2451. [PMID: 37896211 PMCID: PMC10610229 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, bioactive peptides have been gaining recognition in various biomedical areas, such as intracellular drug delivery (cell-penetrating peptides, CPPs) or anti-infective action (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs), closely associated to their distinct mode of interaction with biological membranes. Exploiting the interaction of membrane-active peptides with diverse targets (healthy, tumoral, bacterial or parasitic cell membranes) is opening encouraging prospects for peptides in therapeutics. However, ordinary peptides formed by L-amino acids are easily decomposed by proteases in biological fluids. One way to sidestep this limitation is to use topoisomers, namely versions of the peptide made up of D-amino acids in either canonic (enantio) or inverted (retroenantio) sequence. Rearranging peptide sequences in this fashion provides a certain degree of native structure mimicry that, in appropriate contexts, may deliver desirable biological activity while avoiding protease degradation. In this review, we will focus on recent accounts of membrane-active topoisomeric peptides with therapeutic applications as CPP drug delivery vectors, or as antimicrobial and anticancer candidates. We will also discuss the most common modes of interaction of these peptides with their membrane targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Carrera-Aubesart
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| | - Maria Gallo
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| | - Sira Defaus
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| | - Toni Todorovski
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Starzyński D, Rzeszotek S, Kolasa A, Grabowska M, Wiszniewska B, Kudrymska A, Karpińska K, Tołoczko-Grabarek A, Janiec A, Myszka A, Rynio P, Syrenicz A, Sowińska-Przepiera E. Pilot Study: FSHR Expression in Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Appendix. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5086. [PMID: 37568488 PMCID: PMC10419379 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Appendix neuroendocrine neoplasm (ANEN) treatment is based on tumor size and proliferation markers. Recently, the role of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) from the clinical perspective has also been increasingly discussed. The FSHR is expressed in the endothelial cells of both intratumoral and peritumoral blood vessels, where it contributes to neoangiogenesis and blood vessel remodeling. FSHR expression is associated with a range of tumor types, such as gastrointestinal tumors, and it is not detected in healthy tissues located more than 10 mm from the tumor site or in tumor lymphatics. In this study, we evaluated the expression of FSHR and CD31 in the blood vessels of ANENs in females and males with confirmed histopathology. We conducted a quantitative analysis of the immunohistochemical reactions and found a higher number of microvessels in the mucosa and submucosa of neuroendocrine tumors in the appendix. A higher level of FSHR expression was observed in women. Future research should consider whether an elevated number of blood vessels along with a strong pattern of FSHR expression may influence future treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Starzyński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (A.J.); (A.M.); (A.S.); (E.S.-P.)
| | - Sylwia Rzeszotek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Marta Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Wiszniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (B.W.)
| | - Aleksandra Kudrymska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Karpińska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Tołoczko-Grabarek
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Janiec
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (A.J.); (A.M.); (A.S.); (E.S.-P.)
| | - Aleksandra Myszka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (A.J.); (A.M.); (A.S.); (E.S.-P.)
| | - Paweł Rynio
- Department of Vascular Surgery, General Surgery and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Anhelli Syrenicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (A.J.); (A.M.); (A.S.); (E.S.-P.)
| | - Elżbieta Sowińska-Przepiera
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (D.S.); (A.J.); (A.M.); (A.S.); (E.S.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He W, Dong S, Shen J, Wu J, Zhao P, Li D, Wang D, Tang N, Zou C. Whole-genome sequencing identified novel mutations in a Chinese family with lynch syndrome. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1036356. [PMID: 36874103 PMCID: PMC9978139 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1036356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is caused by a germline mutation in one of the mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) or in the EPCAM gene. The definition of Lynch syndrome is based on clinical, pathological, and genetic findings. Therefore, the identification of susceptibility genes is essential for accurate risk assessment and tailored screening programs in LS monitoring. Patients and methods In this study, LS was diagnosed clinically in a Chinese family using Amsterdam II criteria. To further explore the molecular characteristics of this LS family, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) to 16 members in this family and summarized the unique mutational profiles within this family. We also used Sanger sequencing technology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to verify some of the mutations identified in the WGS analysis. Results We showed that mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) related genes, as well as pathways including DNA replication, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and homologous recombination were enhanced in this family. Two specific variants, MSH2 (p.S860X) and FSHR (p.I265V) were identified in all five members with LS phenotypes in this family. The MSH2 (p.S860X) variant is the first reported variant in a Chinese LS family. This mutation would result in a truncated protein. Theoretically, these patients might benefit from PD-1 (Programmed death 1) immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The patients who received nivolumab in combination with docetaxel treatments are currently in good health. Conclusion Our findings extend the mutation spectrum of genes associated with LS in MLH2 and FSHR, which is essential for future screening and genetic diagnosis of LS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan He
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaowei Dong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiutong Wu
- Pathology Department, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongbing Li
- Department of Medicine, ChosenMed Technology Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Medicine, ChosenMed Technology Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Zou
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu J, Zhu Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Kang Y, Liu J, Hu C, Wang R, Zhang M, Chen L, Shao L. How Nanoparticles Open the Paracellular Route of Biological Barriers: Mechanisms, Applications, and Prospects. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15627-15652. [PMID: 36121682 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biological barriers are essential physiological protective systems and obstacles to drug delivery. Nanoparticles (NPs) can access the paracellular route of biological barriers, either causing adverse health impacts on humans or producing therapeutic opportunities. This Review introduces the structural and functional influences of NPs on the key components that govern the paracellular route, mainly tight junctions, adherens junctions, and cytoskeletons. Furthermore, we evaluate their interaction mechanisms and address the influencing factors that determine the ability of NPs to open the paracellular route, which provides a better knowledge of how NPs can open the paracellular route in a safer and more controllable way. Finally, we summarize limitations in the research models and methodologies of the existing research in the field and provide future research direction. This Review demonstrates the in-depth causes for the reversible opening or destruction of the integrity of barriers generated by NPs; more importantly, it contributes insights into the design of NP-based medications to boost paracellular drug delivery efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruolan Wang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Manjin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Recent Applications of Retro-Inverso Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168677. [PMID: 34445382 PMCID: PMC8395423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural and de novo designed peptides are gaining an ever-growing interest as drugs against several diseases. Their use is however limited by the intrinsic low bioavailability and poor stability. To overcome these issues retro-inverso analogues have been investigated for decades as more stable surrogates of peptides composed of natural amino acids. Retro-inverso peptides possess reversed sequences and chirality compared to the parent molecules maintaining at the same time an identical array of side chains and in some cases similar structure. The inverted chirality renders them less prone to degradation by endogenous proteases conferring enhanced half-lives and an increased potential as new drugs. However, given their general incapability to adopt the 3D structure of the parent peptides their application should be careful evaluated and investigated case by case. Here, we review the application of retro-inverso peptides in anticancer therapies, in immunology, in neurodegenerative diseases, and as antimicrobials, analyzing pros and cons of this interesting subclass of molecules.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang L, Xu X, Teng M, Zhao G, Lei A. Coping with DNA Double-Strand Breaks via ATM Signaling Pathway in Bovine Oocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238892. [PMID: 33255251 PMCID: PMC7727702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common injury almost all cells face, DNA damage in oocytes—especially double-strand breaks (DSBs), which occur naturally during the first meiosis phase (meiosis I) due to synaptic complex separation—affects the fertilization ability of oocytes, instead of causing cancer (as in somatic cells). The mechanism of oocytes to effectively repair DSB damage has not yet been clearly studied, especially considering medically induced DSBs superimposed on naturally occurring DSBs in meiosis I. It was found that maturation rates decreased or increased, respectively corresponding with overexpression or interference of p21 in bovine oocytes. At the same time, the maturation rate of bovine oocytes decreased with a gradual increase in Zeocin dose, and the p21 expression in those immature oocytes changed significantly with the gradual increase in Zeocin dose (same as increased DSB intensity). Same as p21, the variation trend of ATM expression was consistent with the gradual increase in Zeocin dose. Furthermore, the oocytes demonstrated tolerance to DSBs during meiosis I, while the maturation rates decreased when the damage exceeded a certain threshold; according to which, it may be that ATM regulates the p53–p21 pathway to affect the completion of meiosis. In addition, nonhomologous recombination and cumulus cells are potentially involved in the process by which oocytes respond to DSB damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.T.)
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.T.)
| | - Mingming Teng
- Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.T.)
| | - Guimin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Anmin Lei
- Shaanxi Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (L.W.); (X.X.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-029-87080068
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Liu Q, Zhang M, Cao C, Liu X, Zhang M, Li G, Xu C, Zhang X. Enhanced antitumor effects of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor-mediated hexokinase-2 depletion on ovarian cancer mediated by a shift in glucose metabolism. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:161. [PMID: 33160373 PMCID: PMC7648390 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most cancers favor glycolytic-based glucose metabolism. Hexokinase-2 (HK2), the first glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme, shows limited expression in normal adult tissues but is overexpressed in many tumor tissues, including ovarian cancer. HK2 has been shown to be correlated with the progression and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer and could be a therapeutic target. However, the systemic toxicity of HK2 inhibitors has limited their clinical use. Since follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor (FSHR) is overexpressed in ovarian cancer but not in nonovarian healthy tissues, we designed FSHR-mediated nanocarriers for HK2 shRNA delivery to increase tumor specificity and decrease toxicity. Results HK2 shRNA was encapsulated in a polyethylene glycol-polyethylenimine copolymer modified with the FSH β 33–53 or retro-inverso FSH β 33–53 peptide. The nanoparticle complex with FSH peptides modification effectively depleted HK2 expression and facilitated a shift towards oxidative glucose metabolism, with evidence of increased oxygen consumption rates, decreased extracellular acidification rates, and decreased extracellular lactate and glucose consumption in A2780 ovarian cancer cells and cisplatin-resistant A2780CP counterpart cells. Consequently, cell proliferation, invasion and migration were significantly inhibited, and tumor growth was suppressed even in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. No obvious systemic toxicity was observed in mice. Moreover, the nanoparticle complex modified with retro-inverso FSH peptides exhibited the strongest antitumor effects and effectively improved cisplatin sensitivity by regulating cisplatin transport proteins and increasing apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Conclusions These results established HK2 as an effective therapeutic target even for cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer and suggested a promising targeted therapeutic approach. ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Cong Cao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Guiling Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Althumairy D, Zhang X, Baez N, Barisas G, Roess DA, Bousfield GR, Crans DC. Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors. Diseases 2020; 8:E35. [PMID: 32942611 PMCID: PMC7565105 DOI: 10.3390/diseases8030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction by luteinizing hormone receptors (LHRs) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptors (FSHRs) is essential for the successful reproduction of human beings. Both receptors and the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor are members of a subset of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) described as the glycoprotein hormone receptors. Their ligands, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and a structurally related hormone produced in pregnancy, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), are large protein hormones that are extensively glycosylated. Although the primary physiologic functions of these receptors are in ovarian function and maintenance of pregnancy in human females and spermatogenesis in males, there are reports of LHRs or FSHRs involvement in disease processes both in the reproductive system and elsewhere. In this review, we evaluate the aggregation state of the structure of actively signaling LHRs or FSHRs, their functions in reproduction as well as summarizing disease processes related to receptor mutations affecting receptor function or expression in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues. We will also present novel strategies for either increasing or reducing the activity of LHRs signaling. Such approaches to modify signaling by glycoprotein receptors may prove advantageous in treating diseases relating to LHRs or FSHRs function in addition to furthering the identification of new strategies for modulating GPCR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duaa Althumairy
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (D.A.); (G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (X.Z.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicholas Baez
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (X.Z.); (N.B.)
| | - George Barisas
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (D.A.); (G.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (X.Z.); (N.B.)
| | - Deborah A. Roess
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - George R. Bousfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA;
| | - Debbie C. Crans
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (D.A.); (G.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (X.Z.); (N.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gao J, Lyu Y, Zhang D, Reddi KK, Sun F, Yi J, Liu C, Li H, Yao H, Dai J, Xu F. Genomic Characteristics and Selection Signatures in Indigenous Chongming White Goat ( Capra hircus). Front Genet 2020; 11:901. [PMID: 32973871 PMCID: PMC7472782 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chongming white goat (CM) is an indigenous goat breed exhibits unique traits that are adapted to the local environment and artificial selection. By performing whole-genome re-sequencing, we generated 14–20× coverage sequences from 10 domestic goat breeds to explore the genomic characteristics and selection signatures of the CM breed. We identified a total of 23,508,551 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 2,830,800 insertion–deletion mutations (indels) after read mapping and variant calling. We further specifically identified 1.2% SNPs (271,713) and 0.9% indels (24,843) unique to the CM breed in comparison with the other nine goat breeds. Missense (SIFT < 0.05), frameshift, splice-site, start-loss, stop-loss, and stop-gain variants were identified in 183 protein-coding genes of the CM breed. Of the 183, 36 genes, including AP4E1, FSHR, COL11A2, and DYSF, are involved in phenotype ontology terms related to the nervous system, short stature, and skeletal muscle morphology. Moreover, based on genome-wide FST and pooled heterozygosity (Hp) calculation, we further identified selection signature genes between the CM and the other nine goat breeds. These genes are significantly associated with the nervous system (C2CD3, DNAJB13, UCP2, ZMYND11, CEP126, SCAPER, and TSHR), growth (UCP2, UCP3, TSHR, FGFR1, ERLIN2, and ZNF703), and coat color (KITLG, ASIP, AHCY, RALY, and MC1R). Our results suggest that the CM breed may be differentiated from other goat breeds in terms of nervous system owing to natural or artificial selection. The whole-genome analysis provides an improved understanding of genetic diversity and trait exploration for this indigenous goat breed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yuhua Lyu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Defu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kiran Kumar Reddi
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Fengping Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Yi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengqian Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Yao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Grazul-Bilska AT, Dorsam ST, Reyaz A, Valkov V, Bass CS, Kaminski SL, Redmer DA. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptors expression in ovine corpora lutea during luteal phase: effect of nutritional plane and follicle-stimulating hormone treatment. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 71:106391. [PMID: 31731250 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Corpus luteum (CL), a transient endocrine gland critical for reproductive cyclicity and pregnancy maintenance, is controlled by numerous regulatory factors. Although LH is widely recognized as the major regulator, other factors may also affect luteal functions. It has been demonstrated that FSH receptors (FSHR) are expressed not only in ovarian follicles but also in other tissues within the reproductive tract, including the CL. To evaluate FSHR expression in nontreated (nonsuperovulated; experiment 1) or FSH-treated (superovulated; experiment 2) sheep fed a control (C; maintenance), excess (O; 2 × C), or restricted (U; 0.6 × C) diet, CL were collected at the early, mid and/or late luteal phases (n = 5-7 per group). Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of FSHR were detected in the CL from all groups using immunohistochemistry followed by image analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor was immunolocalized to steroidogenic small and large and nonsteroidogenic luteal cells. In both experiments, FSHR protein expression was not affected by stage of luteal development or diet. In experiment 1, expression of mRNA for all FSHR variants was greater (P <0.02 to 0.0003) at the late phase than mid or early luteal phase, and in experiment 2, it was greater (P < 0.001) at the mid than early luteal phase. Plane of nutrition did not affect FSHR mRNA expression. Comparison of FSH-treated with nontreated ewes demonstrated that FSH increased FSHR protein expression by 1.5- to 2-fold (P < 0.0001) in all groups, and mRNA expression by 7- to 30-fold (P < 0.001) for (1) FSHR-1 in all groups except U at the early luteal phase, (2) FSHR-2 in C, O, and U at the mid-phase, but not early luteal phase, and (3) FSHR-3 in U at the mid-luteal phase. Our data demonstrate that (1) FSHRs are expressed in ovine CL at several stages of luteal development, (2) FSHR protein expression does not change during the luteal phase and is not affected by diet, (3) FSHR mRNA expression not only depends on the stage of the estrous cycle but also not affected by diet in nonsuperovulated or superovulated ewes, and (4) in vivo FSH treatment enhanced FSHR protein and/or mRNA expression in the CL depending on diet and phase of the estrous cycle. Presence of FSHR in the CL indicates a regulatory role of FSH in luteal function in sheep. As very little is known about the possible role of FSH and FSHR in luteal functions, further studies should be undertaken to elucidate the endocrine, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of FSH effects on the CL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A T Grazul-Bilska
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
| | - S T Dorsam
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - A Reyaz
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - V Valkov
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - C S Bass
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - S L Kaminski
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - D A Redmer
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang J, Gong Z, Shen X, Bai S, Bai X, Wei S. FSH receptor binding inhibitor depresses carcinogenesis of ovarian cancer via decreasing levels of K-Ras, c-Myc and FSHR. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:84-91. [PMID: 31456468 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1656083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore FSH receptor binding inhibitor (FRBI) effects on the levels of c-Myc, K-Ras and VEGF related to ovarian cancer, to evaluate the mRNA and protein levels of FSHR in the cumulus-oocyte complex (COCs). COCs were cultured for 24 h in the in vitro maturation (IVM) media replenished with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μg/mL FRBI. Contents of c-Myc, K-Ras, VEGF, cAMP and IP3 in IVM media were detected with ELISA kits, respectively. The results indicated that the levels of FSHR protein and mRNA were determined with Western blotting. C-Myc contents of four FRBI + FSH-treated groups (COM groups) were reduced after IVM of COCs. C-Myc concentrations of COM-3 group was lower than the FSH group (p < .05). K-Ras and IP3 contents of COM-4 were decreased as compared to FSH group (p < .05). Expression levels of FSHR mRNAs and proteins in COM-4 group were smaller than that of FSH group. This study revealed that FRBI treatment could decrease c-Myc and K-Ras levels in the IVM medium fluids, and depress the FSHR levels of COCs. Expression levels of FSHR mRNAs and proteins of COM-4 group were significantly decreased. FRBI exerted its action via the signal pathway of IP3 and cAMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zhuandi Gong
- Hospital of Medicine College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Shengju Bai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Bai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Suocheng Wei
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China.,Hospital of Medicine College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gong Z, Shen X, Yang J, Yang K, Bai S, Wei S. FSH receptor binding inhibitor up-regulates ARID1A and PTEN genes associated with ovarian cancers in mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2019; 52:e8381. [PMID: 31241714 PMCID: PMC6596365 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to determine if the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor binding inhibitor (FRBI) impacts the expression levels of AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in ovaries and blood, as well as expressions of follicle-stimulating hormone cognate receptor (FSHR) gene and proteins. Mice in FRBI-10, FRBI-20, FRBI-30, and FRBI-40 groups were intramuscularly injected with 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg FRBI/kg, respectively, for five consecutive days. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were utilized to determine expression levels of ARID1A and PTEN proteins and mRNAs. Serum ARID1A and PTEN concentrations of the FRBI-40 group were higher than the control group (CG) and FSH group (P<0.05). FSHR mRNA levels of FRBI-20, FRBI-30, and FRBI-40 groups were lower than that of CG and FSH groups on day 15 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Expression levels of FSHR proteins of FRBI-30 and FRBI-40 groups were lower than those of CG and FSH groups (P<0.05). Levels of ARID1A and PTEN proteins of the FRBI-30 group were greater than CG on days 20 and 30 (P<0.05). FRBI doses had significant positive correlations to levels of ARID1A and PTEN proteins. Additionally, ARID1A and PTEN had negative correlations to FSHR mRNAs and proteins. A high dose of FRBI could promote the expression levels of ARID1A and PTEN proteins in ovarian tissues. FRBI increased serum concentrations of ARID1A and PTEN. However, FRBI depressed expression levels of FSHR mRNAs and proteins in mouse ovaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuandi Gong
- Medicine College Hospital, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengju Bai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Suocheng Wei
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bamburowicz-Klimkowska M, Poplawska M, Grudzinski IP. Nanocomposites as biomolecules delivery agents in nanomedicine. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:48. [PMID: 30943985 PMCID: PMC6448271 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are atomic clusters of crystalline or amorphous structure that possess unique physical and chemical properties associated with a size range of between 1 and 100 nm. Their nano-sized dimensions, which are in the same range as those of vital biomolecules, such as antibodies, membrane receptors, nucleic acids, and proteins, allow them to interact with different structures within living organisms. Because of these features, numerous nanoparticles are used in medicine as delivery agents for biomolecules. However, off-target drug delivery can cause serious side effects to normal tissues and organs. Considering this issue, it is essential to develop bioengineering strategies to significantly reduce systemic toxicity and improve therapeutic effect. In contrast to passive delivery, nanosystems enable to obtain enhanced therapeutic efficacy, decrease the possibility of drug resistance, and reduce side effects of "conventional" therapy in cancers. The present review provides an overview of the most recent (mostly last 3 years) achievements related to different biomolecules used to enable targeting capabilities of highly diverse nanoparticles. These include monoclonal antibodies, receptor-specific peptides or proteins, deoxyribonucleic acids, ribonucleic acids, [DNA/RNA] aptamers, and small molecules such as folates, and even vitamins or carbohydrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Poplawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 Str, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ireneusz P Grudzinski
- Department of Applied Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
McDonald R, Sadler C, Kumar TR. Gain-of-Function Genetic Models to Study FSH Action. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:28. [PMID: 30792692 PMCID: PMC6374295 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a pituitary-derived gonadotropin that plays key roles in male and female reproduction. The physiology and biochemistry of FSH have been extensively studied for many years. Beginning in the early 1990s, coincident with advances in the then emerging transgenic animal technology, and continuing till today, several gain-of-function (GOF) models have been developed to understand FSH homeostasis in a physiological context. Our group and others have generated a number of FSH ligand and receptor GOF mouse models. An FSH GOF model when combined with Fshb null mice provides a powerful genetic rescue platform. In this chapter, we discuss different GOF models for FSH synthesis, secretion and action and describe additional novel genetic models that could be developed in the future to further refine the existing models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary McDonald
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, IL, United States
- Integrated Physiology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, IL, United States
| | - Carolyn Sadler
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, IL, United States
| | - T. Rajendra Kumar
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, IL, United States
- Integrated Physiology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, IL, United States
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: T. Rajendra Kumar
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang M, Zhang M, Wang J, Cai Q, Zhao R, Yu Y, Tai H, Zhang X, Xu C. Retro-inverso follicle-stimulating hormone peptide-mediated polyethylenimine complexes for targeted ovarian cancer gene therapy. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:995-1003. [PMID: 29667478 PMCID: PMC6058519 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1461956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of nanoparticle drug delivery systems with targeted ligands has the potential to increase treatment efficiency in ovarian cancer. METHODS We developed a 21-amino acid peptide, YTRDLVYGDPARPGIQGTGTF (L-FP21) conjugated to polyethylenimine (PEI) and methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) to prepare a nanoparticle drug vehicle to target follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in ovarian cancer. At the same time, we optimized the ligand of the nanoparticle vehicle using D-peptides, which consist of D-amino acids (D-FP21). Nanoparticle vehicles carrying the therapeutic gene plasmid growth-regulated oncogene alpha (pGRO-α) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) (FP21-PEG-PEI/pGRO-α) were prepared for further investigation. RESULTS Compared with L-FP21, D-FP21 exhibited improved biological stability and higher uptake rate for FSHR-expressing ovarian cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of the L, D-FP21-PEG-PEI/pGRO-α complexes were significantly lower than that of the PEI/pGRO-α complex. The nanoparticle drug with the targeted ligand showed higher transfection efficiencies and improved anti-proliferation effects for ovarian cancer cells than that without the targeted ligand (mPEG-PEI/pGRO-α). Furthermore, an in vivo evaluation of an antitumor assay indicated that D-FP21-PEG-PEI/pGRO-α inhibited the growth of tumor spheroids considerably more than L-FP21-PEG-PEI/pGRO-α; their tumor inhibition rates were 58.5% and 33.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS D-FP21-PEG-PEI/plasmid DNA is a safe and efficient gene delivery vehicle for ovarian cancer targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, 411 Military Hospital Affiliated to Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Tai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ghinea N. Vascular Endothelial FSH Receptor, a Target of Interest for Cancer Therapy. Endocrinology 2018; 159:3268-3274. [PMID: 30113652 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Improved molecular understanding of tumor microenvironment has resulted in the identification of various cancer cell targets for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, including the receptor for the FSH, a glycoprotein hormone responsible for growth, maturation, and function of human reproductive system. The expression and localization of the FSH receptor (FSHR)-protein were associated with the tumor epithelial cells and/or with the peripheral tumor blood vessels. The available evidence indicates that in ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer, the tumor epithelial FSHR promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. The vascular endothelial FSHR, detected in 11 types of solid tumors and 11 types of sarcomas, is involved in receptor-mediated transendothelial transport of FSH, tumor angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling. In contrast to intratumor vessels, which are abnormal and disorganized, the FSHR-positive blood microvessels are arranged in a hierarchical pattern: arterioles-capillaries-venules. The FSHR-positive blood vessels make connections between the intratumor vessels and the general blood circulation of patients. In this mini-review, I summarize these studies and discuss the rationale for developing a strategy for cancer therapy based on FSHR expressed on the luminal endothelial cell surface of blood vessels located in the peritumoral area rather than endothelial markers expressed in the core of tumors. Because FSHR is a common marker of peritumoral vessels, therapeutic agents coupled to anti-FSHR humanized antibodies should in principle be applicable to a wide range of tumor types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolae Ghinea
- Inserm-Tumor Angiogenesis Team, Translational Research Department, Curie Institute, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wei S, Lai L, Yang J, Zhuandi G. Expression Levels of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor and Implication in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy of Ovarian Cancer. Oncol Res Treat 2018; 41:651-654. [PMID: 30145593 DOI: 10.1159/000490810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) has been shown to be expressed in ovarian cancer. METHODS Here we have summarized the potential therapeutic and diagnostic implication of FSHR in the ovarian cancers based on a review of the literature. RESULTS Current research indicates that FSHR comprises several variants: FSHR-1, FSHR-2, FSHR-3 and FSHR-4. Only FSHR-1 and FSHR-3 have biological roles. Although the level of FSHR differs in ovarian cancer tissues, few quantitative correlations have so far been reported on the expression levels of FSHR and carcinogenesis and progression of cancers. CONCLUSION A comprehensive understanding of the role of FSHR in the ovarian cancers may help the search for novel therapeutic and diagnostic regimens and improve the management of cancer patients.
Collapse
|
19
|
Grazul-Bilska AT, Reyaz A, Valkov V, Dorsam ST, Redmer DA. Follicle stimulating hormone receptor protein is expressed in ovine uterus during the estrous cycle and utero-placenta during early pregnancy: An immunohistochemical study. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:420-428. [PMID: 29754696 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is a well characterized gonadotropin that controls primarily development and functions of ovarian follicles in mammalian species. FSH binds to a specific G protein-coupled receptor (FSHR) belonging to the glycoprotein hormone receptor family that plays an essential role in reproduction. Although the primary location of FSHR is in the gonads (mainly in ovarian follicles), FSHR protein and/or mRNA have also been detected in extragonadal female reproductive tissues including embryo, placenta, endometrium, cervix, ovarian cancer tissues, and/or endometriotic lesions in several species. To determine the pattern of FSHR expression in the uterus and placenta, uterine tissues were collected at the early, mid- and/or late luteal phases of the estrous cycle from non-treated or FSH-treated ewes, and utero-placental tissues were collected during early pregnancy followed by immunohistochemistry and image generation. FSHR was immunolocalized to several uterine and utero-placental compartments including luminal epithelium, endometrial glands and surrounding stroma, myometrium, and endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells in endometrium, myometrium and mesometrium. Intensity of staining and distribution of FSHR in selected compartments differed and seems to depend on the stage of the estrous cycle or pregnancy, and FSH-treatment. These novel data demonstrate differential expression of FSHR protein indicating that FSH plays a specific role in regulation of uterine and utero-placenta functions in sheep.
Collapse
|
20
|
Hong SS, Zhang MX, Zhang M, Yu Y, Chen J, Zhang XY, Xu CJ. Follicle-stimulating hormone peptide-conjugated nanoparticles for targeted shRNA delivery lead to effective gro-α silencing and antitumor activity against ovarian cancer. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:576-584. [PMID: 29461120 PMCID: PMC6058603 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1440667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The distinct hormone molecules and receptors, such as follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in ovarian cancer, provide opportunities for more precisely targeted therapy. We previously developed FSHR-mediated nanoparticles and found that FSH peptides on the surface of nanoparticles improved the delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) into ovarian cancer cells. However, the high toxicity of the nanoparticles and the transient silencing of the siRNA in vivo limited further study. Here, we developed FSH peptide-conjugated nanoparticles with an increased amount of polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafting and encapsulated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to silence the target gene, growth-regulated oncogene α (gro-α). The nanoparticle complexes exhibited good stability over three weeks. Expression of the target gene, gro-α, was significantly down-regulated by gro-α shRNA-loaded nanoparticles conjugated with FSH peptides (FSH33-G-NP) in FSHR-positive HEY cells. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were also inhibited by FSH33-G-NP. Tumor growth was delayed significantly in the mice treated with FSH33-G-NP. No significant loss of body weight or severe toxic effects were observed in any groups. In conclusion, gro-α shRNA-loaded nanoparticles conjugated with FSH peptides overcame the drawbacks of the in vivo application of RNAi therapeutics and polymer-based nanocarriers and showed safe antitumor efficacy. Our study might contribute to the application of FSHR-based targeted therapy and imaging in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Hong
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhang
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Meng Zhang
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yi Yu
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jun Chen
- b Departments of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,d Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases , Shanghai , China
| | - Cong-Jian Xu
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School , Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,d Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor: Advances and Remaining Challenges. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 338:1-58. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
22
|
PET Imaging of FSHR Expression in Tumors with 68Ga-Labeled FSH1 Peptide. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:2674502. [PMID: 29097913 PMCID: PMC5612759 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2674502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
FSHR is an appealing target for cancer theranostics. Radiolabeled FSH1 and its derivatives have shown potential to in vivo detect FSHR expression. However, moderate labeling yields (~50% nondecay-corrected) may partially limit their wide use. 68Ga is an excellent PET nuclide due to availability, nearly quantitative reaction, and short physical half-life. In this study, 68Ga labeled FSH1 peptide was developed for imaging of FSHR in cancers. In vitro studies and MicroPET imaging were performed in PC-3 prostate tumor model. [68Ga] Ga-NOTA-MAL-FSH1 can be produced within 20 min with 93.2 ± 2.1% yield and the radiochemical purity was greater than 95%. It showed that [68Ga] Ga-NOTA-MAL-FSH1 possessed FSHR binding affinities. The tracer was stable in PBS and human serum for at least 2 hours. MicroPET imaging revealed that the PC-3 xenografts were clearly visualized and the tumor uptakes were 1.87 ± 0.10, 1.26 ± 0.06, and 0.71 ± 0.10% ID/g at 0.5, 1 h, and 2 h postinjection. The corresponding tumor to blood and tumor to muscle ratios were 1.77 ± 0.70, 7.94 ± 1.35, and 10.37 ± 1.16 and 7.42 ± 0.46, 26.13 ± 2.99, and 36.40 ± 2.54, respectively. FSHR binding specificity was also demonstrated by reduced tumor uptake of [68Ga] Ga-NOTA-MAL-FSH1 after coinjecting excess unlabeled FSH1 peptide. The favorable characters of [68Ga] Ga-NOTA-MAL-FSH1 such as convenient synthesis and specific tumor uptake warrant its further investigation for FSHR expression imaging.
Collapse
|
23
|
Xing Y, Liu YX, Liu X, Wang SL, Li P, Lin XH, Sui CL, Xu C, Qi B, Tong Q. Effects of Gui Zhu Yi Kun formula on the P53/AMPK pathway of autophagy in granulosa cells of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:3567-3573. [PMID: 28588681 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism associated with the traditional Chinese medicine formula Gui Zhu Yi Kun formula (GZYKF), in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, granulosa cells (GCs) of rats with PCOS were cultured and treated with testosterone propionate (TP) alone or with serum from rats treated with different doses of GZYKF. The effect of TP on cell growth was assayed using the MTT method. Expression levels of Beclin-1, light chain (LC)3, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), tumor suppressor p53 (p53), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sestrin2 and tuberous sclerosis protein 1/2 were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. It was demonstrated that TP increased the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3, whereas GZYKF significantly decreased the TP-induced expression of Beclin-1 (P<0.01). Additionally, GCs treated with GZYKF exhibited significant increases in mTOR, phosphorylated mTOR and AMPKα expression levels, and significant reductions in p53 and sestrin2 expression levels were observed. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that a reduction in ovarian GCs in rats with PCOS may be associated with GC autophagy. Furthermore, the effects of GZYKF in mediating the p53/AMPK pathway may inhibit GC autophagy, which suggests a possible novel mechanism underlying the treatment of PCOS with GZYKF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xing
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Lin Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Cong-Lu Sui
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Cai Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Bing Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| | - Qing Tong
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mazina O, Allikalt A, Tapanainen JS, Salumets A, Rinken A. Determination of biological activity of gonadotropins hCG and FSH by Förster resonance energy transfer based biosensors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42219. [PMID: 28181555 PMCID: PMC5299843 DOI: 10.1038/srep42219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of biological activity of gonadotropin hormones is essential in reproductive medicine and pharmaceutical manufacturing of the hormonal preparations. The aim of the study was to adopt a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signal transduction pathway based assay for quantification of biological activity of gonadotropins. We focussed on studying human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), as these hormones are widely used in clinical practice. Receptor-specific changes in cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, second messenger in GPCR signalling) were monitored by a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor protein TEpacVV in living cells upon activation of the relevant gonadotropin receptor. The BacMam gene delivery system was used for biosensor protein expression in target cells. In the developed assay only biologically active hormones initiated GPCR-mediated cellular signalling. High assay sensitivities were achieved for detection of hCG (limit of detection, LOD: 5 pM) and FSH (LOD: 100 pM). Even the small-scale conformational changes caused by thermal inactivation and reducing the biological activity of the hormones were registered. In conclusion, the proposed assay is suitable for quantification of biological activity of gonadotropins and is a good alternative to antibody- and animal-testing-based assays used in pharmaceutical industry and clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mazina
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anni Allikalt
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Juha S. Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|