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Park SH, Kim EY. Predictive validity of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire as a screening tool to identify motor skill problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 150:104748. [PMID: 38744072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) has been used to screen children who probably have developmental coordination disorder (DCD). AIMS We systematically reviewed studies on the predictive validity of the DCDQ and performed a meta-analysis on its diagnostic accuracy. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Literature was searched through four electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycArticles. A total of 27 studies was selected based on the inclusion criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of the DCDQ were assessed using summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curves. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the DCDQ type, reference standard, and participant type. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Overall, the DCDQ has a sensitivity of 0.70 and a specificity of 0.77, showing moderate diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve, 0.80). Subgroup analysis showed that the revised version of the DCDQ had higher diagnostic accuracy than the original version. When the reference standard was the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the sensitivity and specificity of the DCDQ were 0.87 and 0.83, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was higher in clinical samples compared to the general population. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrated that the DCDQ has adequate diagnostic accuracy, suggesting it can help screen children with motor skill deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hi Park
- School of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 31538, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan-si 31538, South Korea.
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2
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Maw KJ, Beattie G, Burns EJ. Cognitive strengths in neurodevelopmental disorders, conditions and differences: A critical review. Neuropsychologia 2024; 197:108850. [PMID: 38467371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are traditionally characterised by a range of associated cognitive impairments in, for example, sensory processing, facial recognition, visual imagery, attention, and coordination. In this critical review, we propose a major reframing, highlighting the variety of unique cognitive strengths that people with neurodevelopmental differences can exhibit. These include enhanced visual perception, strong spatial, auditory, and semantic memory, superior empathy and theory of mind, along with higher levels of divergent thinking. Whilst we acknowledge the heterogeneity of cognitive profiles in neurodevelopmental conditions, we present a more encouraging and affirmative perspective of these groups, contrasting with the predominant, deficit-based position prevalent throughout both cognitive and neuropsychological research. In addition, we provide a theoretical basis and rationale for these cognitive strengths, arguing for the critical role of hereditability, behavioural adaptation, neuronal-recycling, and we draw on psychopharmacological and social explanations. We present a table of potential strengths across conditions and invite researchers to systematically investigate these in their future work. This should help reduce the stigma around neurodiversity, instead promoting greater social inclusion and significant societal benefits.
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Valero-Cuevas FJ, Finley J, Orsborn A, Fung N, Hicks JL, Huang HH, Reinkensmeyer D, Schweighofer N, Weber D, Steele KM. NSF DARE-Transforming modeling in neurorehabilitation: Four threads for catalyzing progress. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:46. [PMID: 38570842 PMCID: PMC10988973 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We present an overview of the Conference on Transformative Opportunities for Modeling in Neurorehabilitation held in March 2023. It was supported by the Disability and Rehabilitation Engineering (DARE) program from the National Science Foundation's Engineering Biology and Health Cluster. The conference brought together experts and trainees from around the world to discuss critical questions, challenges, and opportunities at the intersection of computational modeling and neurorehabilitation to understand, optimize, and improve clinical translation of neurorehabilitation. We organized the conference around four key, relevant, and promising Focus Areas for modeling: Adaptation & Plasticity, Personalization, Human-Device Interactions, and Modeling 'In-the-Wild'. We identified four common threads across the Focus Areas that, if addressed, can catalyze progress in the short, medium, and long terms. These were: (i) the need to capture and curate appropriate and useful data necessary to develop, validate, and deploy useful computational models (ii) the need to create multi-scale models that span the personalization spectrum from individuals to populations, and from cellular to behavioral levels (iii) the need for algorithms that extract as much information from available data, while requiring as little data as possible from each client (iv) the insistence on leveraging readily available sensors and data systems to push model-driven treatments from the lab, and into the clinic, home, workplace, and community. The conference archive can be found at (dare2023.usc.edu). These topics are also extended by three perspective papers prepared by trainees and junior faculty, clinician researchers, and federal funding agency representatives who attended the conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Valero-Cuevas
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, 90089, CA, USA.
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St 155, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA.
- Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, 941 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, 90089, CA, USA.
| | - James Finley
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St 155, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Amy Orsborn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, 185 W Stevens Way NE, Box 352500, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Box 355061, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, 3018 Western Ave, Seattle, 98121, WA, USA
| | - Natalie Fung
- Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, 941 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, 90089, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Hicks
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, 94305, CA, USA
| | - He Helen Huang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, 1840 Entrepreneur Dr Suite 4130, Raleigh, 27606, NC, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 333 S Columbia St, Chapel Hill, 27514, NC, USA
| | - David Reinkensmeyer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCI Samueli School of Engineering, 3225 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, 92697, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Schweighofer
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, 90089, CA, USA
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar St 155, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Douglas Weber
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, B12 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M Steele
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, 3900 E Stevens Way NE, Box 352600, Seattle, 98195, WA, USA
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Mancini VO, Licari MK, Alvares GA, McQueen MC, McIntyre S, Reynolds JE, Reid SL, Spittle AJ, Williams J. Psychosocial wellbeing, parental concerns, and familial impact of children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 145:104659. [PMID: 38160588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition impacting motor skill acquisition and competence. While previous studies have identified adverse psychosocial outcomes in DCD, they are limited by small or population-screened, community-based samples. AIMS To understand the psychosocial difficulties, parental concerns, and familial impacts of childhood DCD in a large population-based sample. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Parents of 310 children aged 4 - 18 years with a diagnosis of DCD (or synonymous term) completed the Impact for DCD survey. Parent-rated measures of emotional problems, peer problems, and prosocial behaviour were compared to normative data. Parental concerns for the impact of DCD on participation, interaction, emotional well-being, and the family system were examined. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Compared to typically developing children, children with DCD were rated significantly higher for emotional and peer problems, and significantly lower for prosocial behaviours. Parents most commonly reported concerns for their child's future and withdrawal from physical activity. The presence of one or more co-occurring disorders did not significantly influence outcomes. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Findings highlight the poor psychosocial outcomes for children with DCD. Crucially, poor psychosocial outcomes were just as likely in those with a single diagnosis of DCD as those with DCD and multiple co-occurring diagnoses. Parents reported concerns for their child (i.e., non-participation and social withdrawal) that are not targeted in existing DCD intervention modalities and emphasised the impact of DCD on the whole family unit. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS This paper presents data from the largest parent-reported survey of children with a known diagnosis of DCD (or synonymous labels). It highlights the significant impact of DCD on psychosocial outcomes in children across age groups. The children in this study were rated by their parents to have significantly higher levels of emotional and peer problems, and lower prosocial behaviours, than similarly aged Australian children without DCD. It also challenges the misconception that poor psychosocial outcomes in DCD are the result of co-occurring disorders, with outcomes observed to be as poor in children with a sole diagnosis of DCD in this sample. Furthermore, findings highlighted the significant worry and concern that parents with DCD face, particularly around their child's participation and their emotional health. Finally, parents reported on the considerable impact that DCD had on their family unit, regularly causing worry and concern, influencing their choice of activities, and causing financial strain. These concerns and impacts are not addressed in current intervention models for DCD and highlight the need for support mechanisms moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent O Mancini
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia; UWA Medical School, Division of Paediatrics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | | | | | - Matthew C McQueen
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah McIntyre
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Specialty of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | | | - Siobhan L Reid
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Alicia J Spittle
- Department of Physiotherapy University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
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Mayes WP, Gentle J, Ivanova M, Violante IR. Audio-visual multisensory integration and haptic perception are altered in adults with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 93:103180. [PMID: 38266441 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a movement disorder in which atypical sensory processing may underly movement atypicality. However, whether altered sensory processing is domain-specific or global in nature, are unanswered questions. Here, we measured for the first time, different aspects of sensory processing and spatiotemporal integration in the same cohort of adult participants with DCD (N = 16), possible DCD (pDCD, N = 12) and neurotypical adults (NT, N = 28). Haptic perception was reduced in both DCD and the extended DCD + pDCD groups when compared to NT adults. Audio-visual integration, measured using the sound-induced double flash illusion, was reduced only in DCD participants, and not the DCD + pDCD extended group. While low-level sensory processing was altered in DCD, the more cognitive, higher-level ability to infer temporal dimensions from spatial information, and vice-versa, as assessed with Tau-Kappa effects, was intact in DCD (and extended DCD + pDCD) participants. Both audio-visual integration and haptic perception difficulties correlated with the degree of self-reported DCD symptoms and were most apparent when comparing DCD and NT groups directly, instead of the expanded DCD + pDCD group. The association of sensory difficulties with DCD symptoms suggests that perceptual differences play a role in motor difficulties in DCD via an underlying internal modelling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Mayes
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Judith Gentle
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Mirela Ivanova
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ines R Violante
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
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Tamplain P, Miller HL, Peavy D, Cermak S, Williams J, Licari M. The impact for DCD - USA study: The current state of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in the United States of America. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 145:104658. [PMID: 38176290 PMCID: PMC10840388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is among the most under-recognized and under-supported disorders worldwide. AIMS To present a preliminary national study that evaluated the unmet needs of children with DCD in the USA using the Impact for DCD survey. METHODS AND PROCEDURES 232 parents of individuals aged 5-18 years provided responses from 36 items in five domains (diagnosis, activity/participation, education, therapy, and social/emotional health). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Most children (81.9%) had a formal diagnosis for movement difficulties, and 91.6% of parents reported that receiving a diagnosis was helpful, but most had not heard of the diagnosis before. The most common co-occurring diagnoses were childhood apraxia of speech and other speech-language disorders (24.6%), ADHD (23.1%), and anxiety (18.8%). Most parents reported that their children withdrew from or avoided movement-related activities (53%), and nearly all (94.8%) were concerned about the impact of motor difficulties on their children's social and emotional health. Only 37% of parents reported feeling that their child received sufficient therapy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Generally, parents reported feeling frustrated with others' understanding and awareness of the condition and with therapy services. The results shown here provide timely data that can support efforts for increased awareness, improved diagnosis, and increased availability of services for DCD in the USA.
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De Roubaix A, Roeyers H, Van Waelvelde H, Bar-On L. Social responsiveness in children with developmental coordination disorder. Braz J Phys Ther 2024; 28:100591. [PMID: 38394720 PMCID: PMC10899025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2024.100591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in performing motor tasks. Research suggests social skills are also altered. OBJECTIVE To investigate (1) whether the presence of DCD affects social responsiveness, (2) whether the co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects social responsiveness in children with DCD, and (3) whether there is an association between motor performance and social responsiveness in children with DCD. METHODS Based on parental reports, children aged 5 to 15.5 years were assigned to one of three groups: DCD only (noASD, n = 67), DCD and suspected ASD (sASD, n = 13), and DCD and confirmed ASD (cASD, n = 22). Parental answers to the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) and the DCD-Questionnaire (DCD-Q) were compared to norm values using one sample t-tests, and between groups using ANOVA and MANOVA. Pearson correlation coefficients explored the relationship between the SRS-2 and DCD-Q in the total group and per group. RESULTS Compared to norm values, difficulties in all areas of social responsiveness were reported in children with DCD, regardless of group (p<0.001). Compared to the noASD group, more unfavorable SRS-2 total T-scores and poorer DCD-Q scores were observed in sASD and cASD groups. Only in the total group, motor performance showed significant weak to moderate associations with the SRS-2 total T-score and all subscales except for 'social motivation' (r=-0.306 to -0.405; p ≤ 0.02). CONCLUSION Social responsiveness difficulties are more common in children with DCD and are more severe in the ASD groups. Motor performance and social responsiveness are weak to moderately associated. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05092893 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05092893).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy De Roubaix
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Herbert Roeyers
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Van Waelvelde
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynn Bar-On
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Madieu E, Therriault PY, Cantin N, Baghdadli A. Effectiveness of CO-OP group intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder: single-case experimental design study protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073854. [PMID: 38159958 PMCID: PMC10759113 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach, children with developmental coordination disorder learn to use a problem-solving strategy to deal with their motor difficulties and perform daily activities of their choice. Therapists use guided discovery to enable children to find their own solutions. Although CO-OP is recommended in a group setting, studies are needed to support its effectiveness. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A single-case study design with multiple baselines across participants and four systematic replications will be used. In each of the five groups, four children (aged 8-12 years) will be randomly included at the baseline. The baseline includes 5-8 measurements, and the CO-OP intervention stage is comprised of 10 sessions. The follow-up stage includes five measurements. Prior to baseline, each child in each of the five groups will choose five activities of which three will be carried out during the intervention sessions. Children's performance in each of these activities will be scored using the Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS) as the main measure. Three secondary measures will be collected: perceived activity performance using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, quality of life using the Kidscreen-27 and spontaneous motor rhythm using a computerised typing task. Graphed data will be analysed visually at the individual level with the Visual Aid Implying an Objective Rule (VAIOR) protocol which provides a colour code based on the level and trend of two consecutive phases, facilitating an objective visual analysis. Statistics will be performed for PQRS scores at the individual level and at the group level. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol has been approved by the Comité de protection des personnes Sud-Est I (CPP 2021070) and the Comité d'éthique de la recherche avec les êtres humains de l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (CER-22-294-07.03). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05231486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Madieu
- Médecine Psychologique de l'Enfant et Adolescent 2, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Ergothérapie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Noémi Cantin
- Ergothérapie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amaria Baghdadli
- Center of Resources in Autism and Center of Excellence in Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University and CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, "DevPsy", Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Tamplain PM, Fears NE, Robinson P, Chatterjee R, Lichtenberg G, Miller HL. #DCD/Dyspraxia in Real Life: Twitter Users' Unprompted Expression of Experiences With Motor Differences. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023; 11:541-554. [PMID: 38274159 PMCID: PMC10810317 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2023-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about adults' experiences with developmental coordination disorder (DCD; sometimes also referred to as dyspraxia). Social media is an accessible opportunity for those who identify as dyspraxic or as having DCD to provide valuable insight into the lifespan impact of this condition on functional ability, participation, compensatory strategies, and well-being. We used the Twitter research application programming interface to identify users who self-identified with the keywords Developmental Coordination Disorder, #DCD, #dyspraxic (or # dyspraxia), or clumsy in their profile descriptions between October 10 and November 10, 2021. During that period, 818 tweets were harvested with 524 remaining after removing duplicates (e.g., multiple promotions of a single resource) and unrelated tweets. They were labeled according to motor differences (general motor, coordination, fine motor skills, oral motor skills, manual dexterity, driving, gross motor skills, movement pain and fatigue, posture and balance, and lower extremity); functional impact (advocacy/awareness, support for others, resources, information, and education, intervention, accommodation, and work); or other related topics (stimming and sensory, co-occurrence and diagnostic overlap, cognitive, social and communication speech, and emotional and mental health). The DCD/dyspraxic community has clearly identified a lifelong impact of motor differences across multiple contexts. DCD/dyspraxic Twitter users shared compensatory strategies that could help others, and offered insight into their experience of co-occurring conditions and cognitive/emotional sequelae of motor challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila M Tamplain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas E Fears
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Promise Robinson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Riya Chatterjee
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Haylie L Miller
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Chatterjee R, Fears NE, Lichtenberg G, Tamplain PM, Miller HL. Identity and Discourse Among #ActuallyAutistic Twitter Users With Motor Differences. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023; 11:525-540. [PMID: 38274158 PMCID: PMC10810310 DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2023-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite a growing awareness of the prevalence of motor differences in the autistic community, their functional impact is poorly understood. Social media offers the ideal setting to observe this discourse in a less-contrived setting than lab-based structured interviews. The aims of the present study were (a) to determine the proportion of Twitter users who self-identify as autistic and dyspraxic/having developmental coordination disorder, relative to autistic alone, and (b) to identify common themes emerging from two moderated chat threads with motor-related prompts. Using the Twitter research application programming interface, we harvested data from users' public profiles and tweets containing terms related to autism and developmental coordination disorder within a 1-month time period. We also harvested data from two #AutChat threads related to motor skills, which included 151 tweets from 31 unique autistic users (two with co-occurring developmental coordination disorder). Of these tweets, 44 were explicitly about motor differences, while the remainder consisted of discussion topics more loosely associated with motor skills. The following common themes were quantified: manual dexterity, lower extremity, oral motor, gross motor, posture, balance, stimming, movement pain, and coordination. Together, these findings indicate that motor differences are highly recognized and discussed among autistic individuals but are not overtly integrated into their identities at the same rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Chatterjee
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas E Fears
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - Priscila M Tamplain
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Haylie L Miller
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Pimenta RA, Fuchs C, Fears NE, Mariano M, Tamplain P. Distinct mental health profiles in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A latent class analysis and associations. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 132:104377. [PMID: 36423431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) show indications for mental health problems. However, these problems are poorly understood. AIMS To identify patterns (profiles) of mental health in this population and to analyze the associations between profiles and child characteristics. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Parents of 119 children with DCD completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Results indicated that a four latent class was the best model. Profile 1 was defined as "no" mental health problems (n = 28; 24 %), Profile 2 was defined as "hyperactivity" problems (n = 53; 43.3 %), for clinical indications for hyperactivity, Profile 3 was defined as "internalizing" problems (n = 8; 7.3 %), for clinical indications for emotional symptoms and peer problems, and Profile 4 was defined as "internalizing and externalizing problems" (n = 30; 25.4 %), for clinical indications for problems in both areas. In addition, having a co-occurring disorder, accommodation plans, and using medications were associated with the profiles. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS There are distinct and unique profiles that children with DCD exhibit. Clinicians can use these profiles to better understand the presentation of mental health symptoms in this population and provide adequate services or support if mental health difficulties are present.
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Meachon EJ, Alpers GW. How are you getting by? Coping in developmental coordination disorder versus attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Br J Occup Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226221113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) persist into adulthood; however, little research exists to describe how adults with DCD and/or ADHD cope with their symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate coping mechanisms reported by adults with DCD, ADHD, or both conditions. We expected there would be strategies specific to each condition and a broader scope of mechanisms reported by those with co-occurring DCD+ADHD. Method N = 161 participants completed the online survey, including n = 31 with DCD only, n = 116 with ADHD only, and n = 14 with DCD+ADHD. Results Most participants reported adaptive strategies. Of these, behavioral adaptations were most relevant to ADHD, while environmental modifications were common in DCD. Cognitive reframing and social support were similarly relevant to those with DCD and DCD+ADHD. Coping strategy categories were most uniform for the DCD+ADHD group. Conclusions Coping profiles highlight several noteworthy differences between DCD and ADHD which may be relevant for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Meachon
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Georg W Alpers
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): Relevance for clinical psychologists in Europe. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2022; 4:e4165. [PMID: 36397944 PMCID: PMC9667416 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder primarily characterized by fine and gross motor coordination difficulties. Yet, many aspects remain unclear regarding the clinical presentation of secondary symptoms and their implications for Clinical Psychology. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide an update about the current understanding of DCD for clinical psychologists and psychotherapists across Europe, particularly based on new insights stemming from the last decade of research. Method We provide a narrative review of articles published in the last decade on the topic of DCD, and relevant aspects to clinical psychologist, including lesser known aspects of DCD (e.g., executive functions, psychological consequences, and adult DCD). Results DCD is a highly prevalent, disruptive, and complex disorder, which should be investigated further in many areas (e.g., co-occurrence to ADHD). Existing evidence points toward a key role of executive functioning difficulties at all ages. Most patients report secondary psychological problems, but little headway has been made in examining the effectiveness of psychotherapy for DCD. Conclusions Insights and remaining research gaps are discussed. It is critical for psychologists and clinical researchers to raise awareness for DCD, take note of the growing literature, and foster continued interdisciplinary approaches to research and treatment of DCD. Awareness about Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is low among some European Psychologists. Growing knowledge about DCD should be disseminated among psychotherapists.
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Fears NE, Templin TN, Sherrod GM, Bugnariu NL, Patterson RM, Miller HL. Autistic Children Use Less Efficient Goal-Directed Whole Body Movements Compared to Neurotypical Development. J Autism Dev Disord 2022:10.1007/s10803-022-05523-0. [PMID: 35441912 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autistic children have differences in their movements which impact their functional performance. Virtual-reality enables researchers to study movement in safe, engaging environments. We used motion-capture to measure how 7-13-year-old autistic and neurotypical children make whole-body movements in a virtual-reality task. Although children in both groups were successful, we observed differences in their movements. Autistic children were less efficient moving to the target. Autistic children did not appear to use a movement strategy. While neurotypical children were more likely to overshoot near targets and undershoot far targets, autistic children did not modulate their strategy. Using kinematic data from tasks in virtual-reality, we can begin to understand the pattern of movement challenges experienced by autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Fears
- School of Health Professions, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 830 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48170, USA
| | - Tylan N Templin
- School of Health Professions, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA
- Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Rd., San Antonio, TX, 78238, USA
| | - Gabriela M Sherrod
- School of Health Professions, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Nicoleta L Bugnariu
- School of Health Professions, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA
- School of Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth St., San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA
| | - Rita M Patterson
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA
| | - Haylie L Miller
- School of Health Professions, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76109, USA.
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 830 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48170, USA.
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Fears NE, Palmer SA, Miller HL. Motor skills predict adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents. Autism Res 2022; 15:1083-1089. [PMID: 35322578 PMCID: PMC9167704 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It is well-documented that intelligence quotient (IQ) is a poor predictor of adaptive behavior scores in autism, with autistic children having lower adaptive behavior scores than would be predicted based on their IQ scores. Differences in motor skills may explain the variability in their adaptive behavior scores. The current study examined how motor skills might explain autistic individuals' low adaptive behavior scores and which individual components of IQ (i.e., verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning) and motor skills (i.e., manual dexterity, aiming and catching, and balance) may drive this effect. We examined the associations between IQ, motor skills, calibrated severity, and adaptive behavior scores in 45 autistic children and adolescents. Using a t-test, we found a significant difference (p <0.001) between full-scale IQ and adaptive behavior scores, indicating that our participants' adaptive behavior scores were lower than would be expected given their full-scale IQ. Using a linear regression, we investigated whether motor skills predicted adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents and found that motor skills scores were associated with adaptive behavior scores (p = 0.022). To further investigate these associations, we used another linear regression to examine how individual components of IQ and motor skills predicted adaptive behavior scores in autistic children and adolescents. Our results indicated that manual dexterity scores were associated with adaptive behavior scores (p = 0.036). These findings clearly illustrate the need for further understanding of autistic individuals' difficulties with adaptive behavior and the potential role of motor skill difficulties that may underlie these difficulties. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children have lower adaptive behavior scores (e.g., daily living skills, social skills, communication) than intelligence scores (e.g., verbal and perceptual skills) along with difficulties with motor skills. Motor skills may explain the gap between adaptive behavior and intelligence. We found motor skills were associated with adaptive behavior in autistic children and adolescents. In particular, hand coordination was associated with adaptive behavior. We need to better understand how autistic individuals' motor skills impact their adaptive behavior to provide effective supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Fears
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.,School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Haylie L Miller
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.,School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Parent-Reported Motivators and Barriers to Participation in a Community-Based Intervention Designed for Children With Motor Skill Difficulties: A Qualitative Program Evaluation. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:109-128. [PMID: 34740990 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2020-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parents play a critical role in their child's participation in community-based intervention programs. Yet, their perspectives remain largely overlooked in the literature. This qualitative program evaluation used social cognitive theory to understand parents' motivators and barriers to participation in a community-based intervention program designed for children with motor skill difficulties. METHOD Parents (n = 15) of children with motor skill difficulties enrolled in a community-based intervention program participated in semistructured interviews. RESULTS Thematic analysis revealed six motivators (child needs, satisfaction, perceived impact, affordability, design, and program culture) and three perceived barriers (parent knowledge, access, and accommodations). DISCUSSION Parents' motivators and barriers reflected a combination of personal and environmental factors consistent with social cognitive theory. This study revealed novel insight into program-related environmental motivators and barriers. Program leaders should consider ongoing evaluation and application of parental perspectives to optimize family participation and retention in community-based interventions.
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Ke L, Barnett AL, Wang Y, Duan W, Hua J, Du W. Discrepancies between Parent and Teacher Reports of Motor Competence in 5–10-Year-Old Children with and without Suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8111028. [PMID: 34828741 PMCID: PMC8622880 DOI: 10.3390/children8111028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parents and teachers have knowledge of children’s daily motor performance yet may make different judgments about the levels of competence observed at home and school. The current study aimed to examine the discrepancies between parent and teacher reports using the Movement ABC-2 Checklist and the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) on children with and without suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The Movement ABC-2 Test was administered to 1276 children aged 5–10 years in China. The Movement ABC-2 Checklist and DCDQ were completed by both parents and teachers of all children. A total of 172 children achieving a score below the 15th percentile on the Movement ABC-2 Test were identified as children with suspected DCD. Both parents and teachers showed suitable agreement in judging children’s motor competence but low sensitivity in identifying children with DCD. Parent scores of children’s motor competence were more closely associated with test performance scores compared to teacher scores. Teachers tended to over-rate children’s motor competence. The motor difficulties identified by parents were associated with low Movement ABC-2 Test scores on Manual Dexterity and Balance components, while motor difficulties identified by teachers were associated with the Balance component only. The results demonstrated discrepancies between parent and teacher reports, suggesting the importance of using a range of measures to identify and describe motor difficulties in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (L.K.); (Y.W.)
| | - Anna L. Barnett
- Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
- Correspondence: (A.L.B.); (W.D.)
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (L.K.); (Y.W.)
| | - Wen Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of Maternity and Children’s Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
- Correspondence: (A.L.B.); (W.D.)
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Editorial DCD13 "Bridging the Disciplines". Hum Mov Sci 2021; 78:102822. [PMID: 34087655 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Shared Features or Co-occurrence? Evaluating Symptoms of Developmental Coordination Disorder in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 51:3443-3455. [PMID: 33387238 PMCID: PMC10177628 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Motor differences are common in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but rarely evaluated against diagnostic criteria for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). We aimed to determine whether motor problems in ASD represent the possible co-occurrence of DCD. We retrospectively reviewed standardized assessments and parent-reports to evaluate motor ability in 43 individuals with ASD against diagnostic criteria for DCD, and compared to 18 individuals with DCD. Over 97% of cases in the ASD group scored below the 16th percentile in motor ability, with most below the 5th percentile. Over 90% of cases in the ASD group met criteria for co-occurring DCD. Motor challenges are a clinically-significant problem in ASD; systematically assessing the prevalence of co-occurring ASD + DCD is necessary to optimize assessment and intervention.
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