1
|
Zheng B, Guo R, Dou X, Fu Y, Yang B, Liu X, Zhou F. Blade-Coated Porous 3D Carbon Composite Electrodes Coupled with Multiscale Interfaces for Highly Sensitive All-Paper Pressure Sensors. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:267. [PMID: 39134809 PMCID: PMC11319548 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable pressure sensors hold immense promise for health monitoring, covering disease detection and postoperative rehabilitation. Developing pressure sensors with high sensitivity, wide detection range, and cost-effectiveness is paramount. By leveraging paper for its sustainability, biocompatibility, and inherent porous structure, herein, a solution-processed all-paper resistive pressure sensor is designed with outstanding performance. A ternary composite paste, comprising a compressible 3D carbon skeleton, conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), and cohesive carbon nanotubes, is blade-coated on paper and naturally dried to form the porous composite electrode with hierachical micro- and nano-structured surface. Combined with screen-printed Cu electrodes in submillimeter finger widths on rough paper, this creates a multiscale hierarchical contact interface between electrodes, significantly enhancing sensitivity (1014 kPa-1) and expanding the detection range (up to 300 kPa) of as-resulted all-paper pressure sensor with low detection limit and power consumption. Its versatility ranges from subtle wrist pulses, robust finger taps, to large-area spatial force detection, highlighting its intricate submillimeter-micrometer-nanometer hierarchical interface and nanometer porosity in the composite electrode. Ultimately, this all-paper resistive pressure sensor, with its superior sensing capabilities, large-scale fabrication potential, and cost-effectiveness, paves the way for next-generation wearable electronics, ushering in an era of advanced, sustainable technological solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruisheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjun Yang
- Research Center of Resource Chemistry and Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese of Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai, 264006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai, 264006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yi L, Wang D, Zhao Y, Li Y, Lin K, Wang L, Liu F. A Multielectrode Layout for High Reliability of Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor: One Stimulus Signal to Three Sensing Signals. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3671-3679. [PMID: 38937945 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Flexible sensors have developed rapidly due to their great application potential in the intelligent era. However, the frequent bending work requirements pose a serious challenge to the mechanical reliability of flexible sensors. Herein, a strategy of using a new multielectrode layout to achieve multiple sensing signals based on one external signal is proposed for the first time to improve the reliability of flexible piezoresistive sensors. The multielectrode layout consists of a pair of interdigital electrodes and a bottom electrode. The interdigitated electrodes are used to sense the change in the surface resistance of the sensor, and the interdigital electrodes and the bottom electrode are used to sense the change in the bulk resistance of the sensor. As a result, without increasing the sensing unit area, the electrode layout allows the sensor to generate three response electrical signals when sensing an external pressure, thus improving the reliability of the sensor. Based on the electrode layout, a highly reliable flexible piezoresistive sensor with a multilevel porous structure is obtained by a microwave foaming method with a template. In the working state of sensing surface resistance, the sensor has a 22.12 kPa-1 sensitivity. Meanwhile, in the working state of sensing bulk resistance, the sensor shows a 55.17 kPa-1 sensitivity. Furthermore, the sensor is applied to monitor human pulse and speech signals, demonstrating its multisignal output characteristics and potential applications in flexible electronics. In conclusion, the new strategy of using the proposed electrode layout to improve the reliability of flexible sensors is expected to greatly promote the practical application of flexible electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longju Yi
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Deng Wang
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yunfan Li
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ke Lin
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Longhai Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han S, Li S, Fu X, Han S, Chen H, Zhang L, Wang J, Sun G. Research Progress of Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors Based on Polymer Porous Materials. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 39046083 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive sensors are in high demand in areas such as wearable devices, electronic skin, and human-machine interfaces due to their advantageous features, including low power consumption, excellent bending stability, broad testing pressure range, and simple manufacturing technology. With the advancement of intelligent technology, higher requirements for the sensitivity, accuracy, response time, measurement range, and weather resistance of piezoresistive sensors are emerging. Due to the designability of polymer porous materials and conductive phases, and with more multivariate combinations, it is possible to achieve higher sensitivity and lower detection limits, which are more promising than traditional flexible sensor materials. Based on this, this work reviews recent advancements in research on flexible pressure sensors utilizing polymer porous materials. Furthermore, this review examines sensor performance optimization and development from the perspectives of three-dimensional porous flexible substrate regulation, sensing material selection and composite technology, and substrate and sensing material structure design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Han
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- China Academy of Machinery Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection Company, Ltd., Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Fu
- Wuhan Second Ship Design & Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihui Han
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanyu Chen
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaohui Sun
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen B, Shen K, Li Y, Huang B, Su H, Xu J, Yang S, Zhou Q, Lan L, Peng J, Cao Y. Artificial Multi-Stimulus-Responsive E-Skin Based on an Ionic Film with a Counter-Ion Exchange Reagent. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310847. [PMID: 38385814 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Sensing pressure and temperature are two important functions of human skin that integrate different types of tactile receptors. In this paper, a deformable artificial flexible multi-stimulus-responsive sensor is demonstrated that can distinguish mechanical pressure from temperature by measuring the impedance and the electrical phase at the same frequency without signal interference. The electrical phase, which is used for measuring the temperature, is totally independent of the pressure by controlling the surface micro-shapes and the ion content of the ionic film. By doping the counter-ion exchange reagent into the ionic liquid before pouring, the upper temperature measuring limit increases from 35 to 50 °C, which is higher than the human body temperature and the ambient temperature on Earth. The sensor shows high sensitivity to pressure (up to 0.495 kPa-1) and a wide temperature sensing range (-10 to 50 °C). A multimodal ion-electronic skin (IEM-skin) with an 8 × 8 multi-stimulus-responsive sensor array is fabricated and can successfully sense the distribution of temperature and pressure at the same time. Finally, the sensors are used for monitoring the touching motions of a robot-arm finger controlled by a remote interactive glove and successfully detect the touching states and the temperature changes of different objects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kangxin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Huiming Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jintao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Junbiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qu X, Wu Y, Han Z, Li J, Deng L, Xie R, Zhang G, Wang H, Chen S. Highly Sensitive Fiber Crossbar Sensors Enabled by Second-Order Synergistic Effect of Air Capacitance and Equipotential Body. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311498. [PMID: 38377274 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Fiber crossbars, an emerging electronic device, have become the most promising basic unit for advanced smart textiles. The demand for highly sensitive fiber crossbar sensors (FCSs) in wearable electronics is increased. However, the unique structure of FCSs presents challenges in replicating existing sensitivity enhancement strategies. Aiming at the sensitivity of fiber crossbar sensors, a second-order synergistic strategy is proposed that combines air capacitance and equipotential bodies, resulting in a remarkable sensitivity enhancement of over 20 times for FCSs. This strategy offers a promising avenue for the design and fabrication of FCSs that do not depend on intricate microstructures. Furthermore, the integrative structure of core-sheath fibers ensures a robust interface, leading to a low hysteresis of only 2.33% and exceptional stability. The outstanding capacitive response performance of FCSs allows them to effectively capture weak signals such as pulses and sounds. This capability opens up possibilities for the application of FCSs in personalized health management, as demonstrated by wireless monitoring systems based on pulse signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhiliang Han
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Lili Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Ruimin Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Guanglin Zhang
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shao B, Chen X, Chen X, Peng S, Song M. Advancements in MXene Composite Materials for Wearable Sensors: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4092. [PMID: 39000870 PMCID: PMC11244375 DOI: 10.3390/s24134092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT), manufacturing processes, and material synthesis technologies have positioned flexible sensors as critical components in wearable devices. These developments are propelling wearable technologies based on flexible sensors towards higher intelligence, convenience, superior performance, and biocompatibility. Recently, two-dimensional nanomaterials known as MXenes have garnered extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical properties, outstanding electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and abundant surface functional groups. These notable attributes confer significant potential on MXenes for applications in strain sensing, pressure measurement, gas detection, etc. Furthermore, polymer substrates such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyurethane (PU), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) are extensively utilized as support materials for MXene and its composites due to their light weight, flexibility, and ease of processing, thereby enhancing the overall performance and wearability of the sensors. This paper reviews the latest advancements in MXene and its composites within the domains of strain sensors, pressure sensors, and gas sensors. We present numerous recent case studies of MXene composite material-based wearable sensors and discuss the optimization of materials and structures for MXene composite material-based wearable sensors, offering strategies and methods to enhance the development of MXene composite material-based wearable sensors. Finally, we summarize the current progress of MXene wearable sensors and project future trends and analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Shao
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (X.C.); (X.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (X.C.); (X.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Xingwei Chen
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (X.C.); (X.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Shuzhe Peng
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (B.S.); (X.C.); (X.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Mingxin Song
- School of Electronic Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cao Y, Xu B, Li B, Fu H. Advanced Design of Soft Robots with Artificial Intelligence. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:214. [PMID: 38869734 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingang Xu
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Fu
- Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ding Z, Li W, Wang W, Zhao Z, Zhu Y, Hou B, Zhu L, Chen M, Che L. Highly Sensitive Iontronic Pressure Sensor with Side-by-Side Package Based on Alveoli and Arch Structure. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309407. [PMID: 38491739 PMCID: PMC11199976 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors play a significant role in wearable devices and electronic skin. Iontronic pressure sensors with high sensitivity, wide measurement range, and high resolution can meet requirements. Based on the significant deformation characteristics of alveoli to improve compressibility, and the ability of the arch to disperse vertical pressure into horizontal thrust to increase contact area, a graded hollow ball arch (GHBA) microstructure is proposed, greatly improving sensitivity. The fabrication of GHBA ingeniously employs a double-sided structure. One side uses mold casting to create convex structures, while the other utilizes the evaporation of moisture during the curing process to form concave structures. At the same time, a novel side-by-side package structure is proposed, ensuring pressure on flexible substrate is maximally transferred to the GHBA microstructure. Within the range of 0.2 Pa-300 kPa, the iontronic pressure sensor achieves a maximum sensitivity of 10 420.8 kPa-1, pressure resolution of 0.1% under the pressure of 100 kPa, and rapid response/recovery time of 40/35 ms. In wearable devices, it is capable of monitoring dumbbell curl exercises and wirelessly correcting sitting positions. In electronic skin, it can non-contactly detect the location of the wind source and achieve object classification prediction when combined with the CNN model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ding
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Center for MicroelectronicsShaoxing InstituteZhejiang UniversityShaoxing312035China
| | - Weijian Li
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Weidong Wang
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Zhengqian Zhao
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Ye Zhu
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Baoyin Hou
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Lufeng Che
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Center for MicroelectronicsShaoxing InstituteZhejiang UniversityShaoxing312035China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chenani H, Saeidi M, Rastkhiz MA, Bolghanabadi N, Aghaii AH, Orouji M, Hatamie A, Simchi A. Challenges and Advances of Hydrogel-Based Wearable Electrochemical Biosensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Biofluids: From Lab to Market. A Review. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8160-8183. [PMID: 38377558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Chenani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Saeidi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - MahsaSadat Adel Rastkhiz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Bolghanabadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Aghaii
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Orouji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hatamie
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Prof. Sobouti Boulevard, PO Box 45195-1159, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Simchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 89694 Tehran, Iran
- Center for Bioscience and Technology, Institute for Convergence Science and Technology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Y, Wang B, Chen J, Zhu M, Jiang Z. Flexible Nanofiber Pressure Sensors with Hydrophobic Properties for Wearable Electronics. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2463. [PMID: 38793529 PMCID: PMC11122862 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, flexible pressure sensors have received considerable attention for their potential applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces. However, the development of flexible pressure sensors with excellent sensitivity performance and a variety of advantageous characteristics remains a significant challenge. In this paper, a high-performance flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor, BC/ZnO, is developed with a sensitive element consisting of bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibrous aerogel modified by ZnO nanorods. The BC/ZnO pressure sensor exhibits excellent mechanical and hydrophobic properties, as well as a high sensitivity of -15.93 kPa-1 and a wide range of detection pressure (0.3-20 kPa), fast response (300 ms), and good cyclic durability (>1000). Furthermore, the sensor exhibits excellent sensing performance in real-time monitoring of a wide range of human behaviors, including mass movements and subtle physiological signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Advanced Mirco- and Nano-Fabrication Materials, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.L.); (J.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Baoxiu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Advanced Mirco- and Nano-Fabrication Materials, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.L.); (J.C.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers & Products, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jiapeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Advanced Mirco- and Nano-Fabrication Materials, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.L.); (J.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Advanced Mirco- and Nano-Fabrication Materials, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.L.); (J.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zhenlin Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Advanced Mirco- and Nano-Fabrication Materials, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (Y.L.); (J.C.); (M.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers & Products, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu J, Qiu Z, Kan H, Guan T, Zhou C, Qian K, Wang C, Li Y. Incorporating Machine Learning Strategies to Smart Gloves Enabled by Dual-Network Hydrogels for Multitask Control and User Identification. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1886-1895. [PMID: 38529839 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Smart gloves are often used in human-computer interaction scenarios due to their portability and ease of integration. However, their application in the field of information security has been less studied. Herein, we propose a smart glove using an iontronic capacitive sensor with significant pressure-sensing performance. Besides, an operator interface has been developed to match the smart glove, which is capable of multitasking integration of mouse movement, music playback, game control, and message typing in Internet chat rooms by capturing and encoding finger-tapping movements. In addition, by integrating machine learning, we can mine the characteristics of individual behavioral habits contained in the sensor signals and, based on this, achieve a deep binding of the user to the smart glove. The proposed smart glove can greatly facilitate people's lives, as well as explore a new strategy in research on the application of smart gloves in data security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Liu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing University of Jinan Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zhicheng Qiu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing University of Jinan Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hao Kan
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing University of Jinan Jinan 250022, China
| | - Tao Guan
- Sansan Intelligence Technology (Rizhao) Co., LTD, Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Changyang Zhou
- Sansan Intelligence Technology (Rizhao) Co., LTD, Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Kai Qian
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Based Intelligent Computing University of Jinan Jinan 250022, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang B, Feng J, He J, Huang W, Huang J, Yang S, Duan W, Zhou Z, Zeng Z, Gui X. High Sensitivity and Wide Linear Range Flexible Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor with Microspheres as Spacers for Pronunciation Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19298-19308. [PMID: 38568137 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have received great popularity in flexible electronics due to their simple structure and promising applications in health monitoring and artificial intelligence. However, the contradiction between sensitivity and detection range limits the application of the sensors in the medium-pressure regime. Here, a flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor is fabricated by combining a hierarchical spinous microstructure sensitive layer and a periodic microsphere array spacer. The sensor achieves high sensitivity (39.1 kPa-1) and outstanding linearity (0.99, R2 coefficient) in a medium-pressure regime, as well as a wide range of detection (100 Pa-160.0 kPa), high detection precision (<0.63‰ full scale), and excellent durability (>5000 cycles). The mechanism of the microsphere array spacer in improving sensitivity and detection range was revealed through finite element analysis. Furthermore, the sensors have been utilized to detect muscle and joint movements, spatial pressure distributions, and throat movements during pronouncing words. By means of a full-connect artificial neural network for machine learning, the sensor's output of different pronounced words can be precisely distinguished and classified with an overall accuracy of 96.0%. Overall, the high-performance flexible pressure sensor based on a microsphere array spacer has great potential in health monitoring, human-machine interface, and artificial intelligence of medium-pressure regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingfang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiyong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junkai He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weibo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shaodian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenfeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Guangzhou City University of Technology, Guangzhou 510800, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xuchun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou Y, Wang X, Lin X, Wang Z, Huang Z, Guo L, Xie H, Xu X, Dong F. Strong and tough poly(vinyl alcohol)/xanthan gum-based ionic conducting hydrogel enabled through the synergistic effect of ion cross-linking and salting out. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130511. [PMID: 38423443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of ionic conductive hydrogels (ICHs) are generally inadequate, leading to their susceptibility to breakage under external forces and consequently resulting in the failure of flexible electronic devices. In this work, a simple and convenient strategy was proposed based on the synergistic effect of ion cross-linking and salting out, in which the hydrogels consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and xanthan gum (XG) were immersed in zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solution to obtain ICHs with exceptional mechanical properties. The salt-out effects between PVA chains and SO42- ions along with the cross-linked network of XG chains and Zn2+ ions contribute to the desirable mechanical properties of ICHs. Notably, the mechanical properties of ICHs can be adjusted by changing the concentration of ZnSO4 solution. Consequently, the optimum fracture stress and the fracture energy can reach 3.38 MPa and 12.13 KJ m-2, respectively. Moreover, the ICHs demonstrated a favorable sensitivity (up to 2.05) when utilized as a strain sensor, exhibiting an accurate detection of human body movements across various amplitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiangyu Lin
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhuomin Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lizhen Guo
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xu Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Fuhao Dong
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pang C, Li F, Hu X, Meng K, Pan H, Xiang Y. Degradable silk fibroin based piezoresistive sensor for wearable biomonitoring. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:55. [PMID: 38526672 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Degradable wearable electronics are attracting increasing attention to weaken or eliminate the negative effect of waste e-wastes and promote the development of medical implants without secondary post-treatment. Although various degradable materials have been explored for wearable electronics, the development of degradable wearable electronics with integrated characteristics of highly sensing performances and low-cost manufacture remains challenging. Herein, we developed a facile, low-cost, and environmentally friendly approach to fabricate a biocompatible and degradable silk fibroin based wearable electronics (SFWE) for on-body monitoring. A combination of rose petal templating and hollow carbon nanospheres endows as-fabricated SFWE with good sensitivity (5.63 kPa-1), a fast response time (147 ms), and stable durability (15,000 cycles). The degradable phenomenon has been observed in the solution of 1 M NaOH, confirming that silk fibroin based wearable electronics possess degradable property. Furthermore, the as-fabricated SFWE have been demonstrated that have abilities to monitor knuckle bending, muscle movement, and facial expression. This work offers an ecologically-benign and cost-effective approach to fabricate high-performance wearable electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Pang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xiaorao Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Keyu Meng
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hong Pan
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Yong Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Advanced Energy Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
- Sichuan Flexible Display Material Genome Engineering Center, Chengdu, China.
- Tianfu Jiangxi Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xue J, Liu D, Li D, Hong T, Li C, Zhu Z, Sun Y, Gao X, Guo L, Shen X, Ma P, Zheng Q. New Carbon Materials for Multifunctional Soft Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312596. [PMID: 38490737 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Soft electronics are garnering significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications in artificial skin, health monitoring, human-machine interaction, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. Various soft physical sensors such as mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors are the fundamental building blocks for soft electronics. While the fast growth and widespread utilization of electronic devices have elevated life quality, the consequential electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pose potential threats to device precision and human health. Another substantial concern pertains to overheating issues that occur during prolonged operation. Therefore, the design of multifunctional soft electronics exhibiting excellent capabilities in sensing, EMI shielding, and thermal management is of paramount importance. Because of the prominent advantages in chemical stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, and easy functionalization, new carbon materials including carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, graphdiyne, and sustainable natural-biomass-derived carbon are particularly promising candidates for multifunctional soft electronics. This review summarizes the latest advancements in multifunctional soft electronics based on new carbon materials across a range of performance aspects, mainly focusing on the structure or composite design, and fabrication method on the physical signals monitoring, EMI shielding, and thermal management. Furthermore, the device integration strategies and corresponding intriguing applications are highlighted. Finally, this review presents prospects aimed at overcoming current barriers and advancing the development of state-of-the-art multifunctional soft electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xue
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Da Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Tianzeng Hong
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Chuanbing Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zifu Zhu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xiaobo Gao
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Qingbin Zheng
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li Z, Guan T, Zhang W, Liu J, Xiang Z, Gao Z, He J, Ding J, Bian B, Yi X, Wu Y, Liu Y, Shang J, Li R. Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensor Based on Elastic Conductive Microspheres. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1640. [PMID: 38475176 DOI: 10.3390/s24051640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Elastic pressure sensors play a crucial role in the digital economy, such as in health care systems and human-machine interfacing. However, the low sensitivity of these sensors restricts their further development and wider application prospects. This issue can be resolved by introducing microstructures in flexible pressure-sensitive materials as a common method to improve their sensitivity. However, complex processes limit such strategies. Herein, a cost-effective and simple process was developed for manufacturing surface microstructures of flexible pressure-sensitive films. The strategy involved the combination of MXene-single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with mass-produced Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microspheres to form advanced microstructures. Next, the conductive silica gel films with pitted microstructures were obtained through a 3D-printed mold as flexible electrodes, and assembled into flexible resistive pressure sensors. The sensor exhibited a sensitivity reaching 2.6 kPa-1 with a short response time of 56 ms and a detection limit of 5.1 Pa. The sensor also displayed good cyclic stability and time stability, offering promising features for human health monitoring applications.
Collapse
Grants
- U22A20248, 52127803, 51931011, 51971233, 62174165, 52201236, M-0152, U20A6001, U1909215, and 52105286 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 174433KYSB20200013 External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- GJTD-2020-11 the K.C. Wong Education Foundation
- 2022080 the Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth Innovation Promotion Association
- 2022C01032 the "Pioneer" and "Leading Goose" R&D Program of Zhejiang
- 2021C01183, 2021C01039 the Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program
- 2022R52004 the "High-level talent special support plan" technology innovation leading talent project of Zhejiang Province
- LD22E010002 the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province
- LGG20F010006 the Zhejiang Provincial Basic Public Welfare Research Project
- 2020Z022 the Ningbo Scientific and Technological Innovation 2025 Major Project
- 2022M723251 the China Postdoctoral Foundation
- 2023J049 National Science Foundation of Ningbo
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangling Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tong Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wuxu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziyin Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhiyi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Software and Electrical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Baoru Bian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaohui Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Runwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Chen R, Ji D, Xu W, Zhang W, Zhang C, Zhou W, Luo T. Integrating In-Plane Thermoelectricity and Out-Plane Piezoresistivity for Fully Decoupled Temperature-Pressure Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307800. [PMID: 37948417 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A flexible sensor that simultaneously senses temperature and pressure is crucial in various fields, such as human-machine interaction, artificial intelligence, and biomedical applications. Previous research has mainly focused on single-function flexible sensors for e-skins or smart devices, and integrated bimodal sensing of temperature and pressure without complex crosstalk decoupling algorithms remains challenging. In this work, a flexible bimodal sensor is proposed that utilizes spatial orthogonality between in-plane thermoelectricity and out-plane piezoresistivity, which enables fully decoupled temperature-pressure sensing. The proposed bimodal sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 281.46 µV K-1 for temperature sensing and 2.181 kPa-1 for pressure sensing. In the bimodal sensing mode, the sensor exhibits negligible mutual interference, providing a measurement error of ± 7% and ± 8% for temperature and pressure, respectively, within a 120 kPa pressure range and a 40 K temperature variation. Additionally, simultaneous spatial mapping of temperature and pressure with a bimodal sensor array enables contact shape identification with enhanced accuracy beyond the limit imposed by the number of sensing units. The proposed integrated bimodal sensing strategy does not require complex crosstalk decoupling algorithms, which represents a significant advancement in flexible sensors for applications that necessitate simultaneous sensing of temperature and pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Wang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Dongsheng Ji
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen university, Xiamen, 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu Y, Zhu Y, Xu Z, Xu X, Xue P, Jiang H, Zhang Z, Gao M, Liu H, Cheng B. Nanocellulose based ultra-elastic and durable foams for smart packaging applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121674. [PMID: 38171661 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Foams with advanced sensing properties and excellent mechanical properties are promising candidates for smart packaging materials. However, the fabrication of ultra-elastic and durable foams is still challenging. Herein, we report a universal strategy to obtain ultra-elastic and durable foams by crosslinking cellulose nanofiber and MXene via strong covalent bonds and assembling the composites into anisotropic cellular structures. The obtained composite foam shows an excellent compressive strain of up to 90 % with height retention of 97.1 % and retains around 90.3 % of its original height even after 100,000 compressive cycles at 80 % strain. Their cushioning properties were systematically investigated, which are superior to that of wildly-used petroleum-based expanded polyethylene and expanded polystyrene. By employing the foam in a piezoelectric sensor, a smart cushioning packaging and pressure monitoring system is constructed to protect inner precision cargo and detect endured pressure during transportation for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yaping Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Zijun Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Research and Development Department, Jiangxi Changshuo Outdoor Leisure Products Co., Jiangxi 335500, PR China
| | - Zhengjian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Meng Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu K, Wang M, Huang C, Yuan Y, Ning Y, Zhang L, Wan P. Flexible Bioinspired Healable Antibacterial Electronics for Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305672. [PMID: 38140748 PMCID: PMC10933681 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronic sensors are receiving numerous research interests for their potential in electronic skins (e-skins), wearable human-machine interfacing, and smart diagnostic healthcare sensing. However, the preparation of multifunctional flexible electronics with high sensitivity, broad sensing range, fast response, efficient healability, and reliable antibacterial capability is still a substantial challenge. Herein, bioinspired by the highly sensitive human skin microstructure (protective epidermis/spinous sensing structure/nerve conduction network), a skin bionic multifunctional electronics is prepared by face-to-face assembly of a newly prepared healable, recyclable, and antibacterial polyurethane elastomer matrix with conductive MXene nanosheets-coated microdome array after ingenious templating method as protective epidermis layer/sensing layer, and an interdigitated electrode as signal transmission layer. The polyurethane elastomer matrix functionalized with triple dynamic bonds (reversible hydrogen bonds, oxime carbamate bonds, and copper (II) ion coordination bonds) is newly prepared, demonstrating excellent healability with highly healing efficiency, robust recyclability, and reliable antibacterial capability, as well as good biocompatibility. Benefiting from the superior mechanical performance of the polyurethane elastomer matrix and the unique skin bionic microstructure of the sensor, the as-assembled flexible electronics exhibit admirable sensing performances featuring ultrahigh sensitivity (up to 1573.05 kPa-1 ), broad sensing range (up to 325 kPa), good reproducibility, the fast response time (≈4 ms), and low detection limit (≈0.98 Pa) in diagnostic human healthcare monitoring, excellent healability, and reliable antibacterial performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Mingcheng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Chenlin Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Yue Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Yao Ning
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Pengbo Wan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Y, Lei X, Guo D, Zhao Y, Zeng Z, Yi L, Li P, Liu F, Ren TL. Laser-Induced Skin-like Flexible Pressure Sensor for Artificial Intelligence Speech Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:10380-10388. [PMID: 38356188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Skin-like flexible pressure sensors with good sensing performance have great application potential, but their development is limited owing to the need for multistep, high-cost, and low-efficiency preparation processes. Herein, a simple, low-cost, and efficient laser-induced forming process is proposed for the first time to prepare a skin-like flexible piezoresistive sensor. In the laser-induced forming process, based on the photothermal effect of graphene and the foaming effect of glucose, a skin-like polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) film with porous structures and surface protrusions is obtained by using infrared laser irradiation of the glucose/graphene/PDMS prepolymer film. Further, based on the skin-like PDMS film with a graphene conductive layer, a new skin-like flexible piezoresistive sensor is obtained. Due to the stress concentration caused by the surface protrusions and the low stiffness caused by the porous structures, the flexible piezoresistive sensor realizes an ultrahigh sensitivity of 1348 kPa-1 at 0-2 kPa, a wide range of 200 kPa, a fast response/recovery time of 52 ms/35 ms, and good stability over 5000 cycles. The application of the sensor to the detection of human pulses and robot clamping force indicates its potential for health monitoring and soft robots. Furthermore, in combination with the neural network (CNN) algorithm in artificial intelligence technology, the sensor achieves 95% accuracy in speech recognition, which demonstrates its great potential for intelligent wearable electronics. Especially, the laser-induced forming process is expected to facilitate the efficient, large-scale preparation of flexible devices with multilevel structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Li
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Dingyi Guo
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ziran Zeng
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Longju Yi
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Peilong Li
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
An T, Zhang Y, Wen J, Dong Z, Du Q, Liu L, Wang Y, Xing G, Zhao X. Multi-Level Pyramidal Microstructure-Based Pressure Sensors with High Sensitivity and Wide Linear Range for Healthcare Monitoring. ACS Sens 2024; 9:726-735. [PMID: 38266628 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have garnered significant attention in the field of wearable healthcare due to their scalability and shape variability. However, a crucial challenge in their practical application for various healthcare scenarios is striking a balance between the sensitivity and sensing range. This limitation arises from the reduced compressibility of the microstructures on the surface of pressure-sensitive materials under high pressure, resulting in progressive saturation of the sensor's response and leading to a restricted and nonlinear pressure sensing range. In this study, we present a novel approach utilizing multi-level pyramidal microstructures in flexible pressure sensors to achieve both high sensitivity (8775 kPa-1) and linear response (R2 = 0.997) over a wide pressure range (up to 1000 kPa). The effectiveness of the proposed design stems from the compensatory behavior of the lower pyramidal microstructures, which counteracts the declining sensitivity associated with the gradual hardening of the higher pyramidal microstructures. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates a fast response time of 11.6 ms and a fast relaxation time of 3.8 ms and can reliably detect pressures as low as 30.2 Pa. Our findings highlight the applicability of this flexible pressure sensor in diverse human body health detection tasks, ranging from weak pulses to finger flexion and plantar pressure distribution. Notably, the proposed sensor design eliminates the need for replacing flexible pressure sensors with varying ranges, thereby enhancing their practical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongge An
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Jiahong Wen
- The College of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qifeng Du
- Qiantang Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Long Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Guozhong Xing
- Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou H, Li S, Ang KW, Zhang YW. Recent Advances in In-Memory Computing: Exploring Memristor and Memtransistor Arrays with 2D Materials. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:121. [PMID: 38372805 PMCID: PMC10876512 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The conventional computing architecture faces substantial challenges, including high latency and energy consumption between memory and processing units. In response, in-memory computing has emerged as a promising alternative architecture, enabling computing operations within memory arrays to overcome these limitations. Memristive devices have gained significant attention as key components for in-memory computing due to their high-density arrays, rapid response times, and ability to emulate biological synapses. Among these devices, two-dimensional (2D) material-based memristor and memtransistor arrays have emerged as particularly promising candidates for next-generation in-memory computing, thanks to their exceptional performance driven by the unique properties of 2D materials, such as layered structures, mechanical flexibility, and the capability to form heterojunctions. This review delves into the state-of-the-art research on 2D material-based memristive arrays, encompassing critical aspects such as material selection, device performance metrics, array structures, and potential applications. Furthermore, it provides a comprehensive overview of the current challenges and limitations associated with these arrays, along with potential solutions. The primary objective of this review is to serve as a significant milestone in realizing next-generation in-memory computing utilizing 2D materials and bridge the gap from single-device characterization to array-level and system-level implementations of neuromorphic computing, leveraging the potential of 2D material-based memristive devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hangbo Zhou
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sifan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kah-Wee Ang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Republic of Singapore.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Republic of Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen Z, Qu C, Yao J, Zhang Y, Xu Y. Two-Stage Micropyramids Enhanced Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor for Health Monitoring and Human-Computer Interaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7640-7649. [PMID: 38303602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
High-performance flexible piezoresistive sensors are becoming increasingly essential in various novel applications such as health monitoring, soft robotics, and human-computer interaction. The evolution of the interfacial contact morphology determines the sensing properties of piezoresistive devices. The introduction of microstructures enriches the interfacial contact morphology and effectively boosts the sensitivity; however, the limited compressibility of conventional microstructures leads to rapid saturation of the sensitivity in the low-pressure range, which hinders their application. Herein, we present a flexible piezoresistive sensor featuring a two-stage micropyramid array structure, which effectively enhances the sensitivity while widening the sensing range. Owing to the synergistic enhancement effect resulting from the sequential contact of micropyramids of various heights, the devices demonstrate remarkable performance, including boosting sensitivity (30.8 kPa-1) over a wide sensing range (up to 200 kPa), a fast response/recovery time (75/50 ms), and an ultralong durability of 15,000 loading-unloading cycles. As a proof of concept, the sensor is applied to detect human physiological and motion signals, further demonstrating a real-time spatial pressure distribution sensing system and a game control system, showing great potential for applications in health monitoring and human-computer interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Chen
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Changming Qu
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingjing Yao
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanlong Zhang
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu L, Xue P, Fang S, Gao M, Yan X, Jiang H, Liu Y, Wang H, Liu H, Cheng B. Boosting the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators via surface engineering and structure designing. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:341-362. [PMID: 37901942 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been utilized in a wide range of applications, including smart wearable devices, self-powered sensors, energy harvesting, and high-voltage power sources. The surface morphology and structure of TENGs play a critical role in their output performance. In this review, we analyze the working mechanism of TENGs with the aim to improve their output performance and systematically summarize the morphological engineering and structural design strategies for TENGs. Additionally, we present the emerging applications of TENGs with specific structures and surfaces. Finally, we discuss the potential future development and industrial application of TENGs. By deeply exploring the surface and structural design strategy of high-performance TENGs, it is conducive to further promote the application of TENGs in actual production. We hope that this review provides insights and guidance for the morphological and structural design of TENGs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shangdong 252000, P. R. China
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Shize Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Research and Development Department, Jiangxi Changshuo Outdoor Leisure Products Co, Jiangxi 335500, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fan L, Liu Y, Yang X, Sun H. A Novel Resistive Sensor Network Utilizing an SAP-Enhanced Ionic Layer and CNT Doping for Multipoint Pressure Measurement. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1535-1545. [PMID: 38222553 PMCID: PMC10785618 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Amidst the rapid advancements in flexible electronics, flexible pressure sensors have achieved widespread applications in fields such as wearable devices and motion monitoring. Nevertheless, it is still a challenge to design a sensor with high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and a simplified manufacturing process. This paper introduces a piezoresistive sensor built upon a composite conductive filler. The sensor incorporates a super absorbent polymer (SAP) to absorb a phosphoric acid solution and doped carbon nanotubes as the composite conductive filler. In contrast to conventional rigid conductive fillers, the elastic polymer SAP enhances the sensor's stability significantly by exhibiting superior compatibility with the polydimethylsiloxane matrix, all the while reducing its Young's modulus. This work aims to theoretically elucidate the underlying principles that enable the sensor to achieve high sensitivity. It focuses on the induction of charge carriers due to pressure, which leads to the formation of a conductive pathway and subsequent changes in resistance, thus facilitating precise pressure detection. The paper also discusses the effects of piezoresistive layers with varying thicknesses and conductive fillers on the sensor's output performance. The results highlight the sensor's high sensitivity (0.094 kPa-1), rapid response time (105 ms), and exceptional cyclic load/unload stability (>5000 cycles). Furthermore, this paper establishes a versatile sensing network by integrating a portable inductance, capacitance, and resistance instrument with a programmable logic controller module. Compared to individual sensors, this system enables multipoint measurements, offering high spatial resolution and real-time monitoring capabilities, significantly expanding its overall practicality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leijin Fan
- School of Aerospace
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuantao Liu
- School of Aerospace
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Science and Technology
on Reliability Physics and Application of Electronic Component Laboratory, The Fifth Electronics Research Institute of the Ministry
of Industry and Information Technology, Guangzhou 511370, China
| | - Hu Sun
- School of Aerospace
Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yang Y, Meng L, Zhang J, Gao Y, Hao Z, Liu Y, Niu M, Zhang X, Liu X, Liu S. Near-Infrared Light-Driven MXene/Liquid Crystal Elastomer Bimorph Membranes for Closed-Loop Controlled Self-Sensing Bionic Robots. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307862. [PMID: 37985651 PMCID: PMC10787073 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
More recently, soft actuators have evoked great interest in the next generation of soft robots. Despite significant progress, the majority of current soft actuators suffer from the lack of real-time sensory feedback and self-control functions, prohibiting their effective sensing and multitasking functions. Therefore, in this work, a near-infrared-driven bimorph membrane, with self-sensing and feedback loop control functions, is produced by layer by layer (LBL) assembling MXene/PDDA (PM) onto liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) film. The versatile integration strategy successfully prevents the separation issues that arise from moduli mismatch between the sensing and the actuating layers, ultimately resulting in a stable and tightly bonded interface adhesion. As a result, the resultant membrane exhibited excellent mechanical toughness (tensile strengths equal to 16.3 MPa (||)), strong actuation properties (actuation stress equal to 1.56 MPa), and stable self-sensing (gauge factor equal to 4.72) capabilities. When applying the near-infrared (NIR) laser control, the system can perform grasping, traction, and crawling movements. Furthermore, the wing actuation and the closed-loop controlled motion are demonstrated in combination with the insect microcontroller unit (MCU) models. The remote precision control and the self-sensing capabilities of the soft actuator pave a way for complex and precise task modulation in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Lingxian Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Juzhong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zijuan Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shuiren Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xia H, Wang L, Zhang H, Wang Z, Zhu L, Cai H, Ma Y, Yang Z, Zhang D. MXene/PPy@PDMS sponge-based flexible pressure sensor for human posture recognition with the assistance of a convolutional neural network in deep learning. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:155. [PMID: 38116450 PMCID: PMC10728160 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The combination of flexible sensors and deep learning has attracted much attention as an efficient method for the recognition of human postures. In this paper, an in situ polymerized MXene/polypyrrole (PPy) composite is dip-coated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponge to fabricate an MXene/PPy@PDMS (MPP) piezoresistive sensor. The sponge sensor achieves ultrahigh sensitivity (6.8925 kPa-1) at 0-15 kPa, a short response/recovery time (100/110 ms), excellent stability (5000 cycles) and wash resistance. The synergistic effect of PPy and MXene improves the performance of the composite materials and facilitates the transfer of electrons, making the MPP sponge at least five times more sensitive than sponges based on each of the individual single materials. The large-area conductive network allows the MPP sensor to maintain excellent electrical performance over a large-scale pressure range. The MPP sensor can detect a variety of human body activity signals, such as radial artery pulse and different joint movements. The detection and analysis of human motion data, which is assisted by convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning algorithms, enable the recognition and judgment of 16 types of human postures. The MXene/PPy flexible pressure sensor based on a PDMS sponge has broad application prospects in human motion detection, intelligent sensing and wearable devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Zihu Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Haolin Cai
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Yanhua Ma
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| | - Zhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580 China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Qu X, Xie R, Zhou Z, Zhang T, Guan M, Chen S, Wang H. Highly Sensitive Capacitive Fiber Pressure Sensors Enabled by Electrode and Dielectric Layer Regulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54966-54976. [PMID: 37967359 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive pressure sensors play an important role in the field of flexible electronics. Despite significant advances in two-dimensional (2D) soft pressure sensors, one-dimensional (1D) fiber electronics are still struggling. Due to differences in structure, the theoretical research of 2D sensors has difficulty guiding the design of 1D sensors. The multiple response factors of 1D sensors and the capacitive response mechanism have not been explored. Fiber sensors urgently need a tailor-made theoretical research and development path. In this regard, we established a fiber pressure-sensing platform using a coaxial wet spinning process. Aiming at the two problems of the soft electrode modulus and dielectric layer thickness, the conclusions are drawn from three aspects: model analysis, experimental verification, and formula derivation. It makes up some theoretical blanks of capacitive fiber pressure sensors. Through the self-regulation of these two factors without a complex structural design, the sensitivity can be significantly improved. This provides a great reference for the design and development of fiber pressure sensors. Besides, taking advantage of the scalability and easy integration of 1D electronics, multipoint sensors prepared by fibers have verified their application potential in health monitoring, human-machine interface, and motion behavior analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Ruimin Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Mengyao Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sun T, Feng B, Huo J, Xiao Y, Wang W, Peng J, Li Z, Du C, Wang W, Zou G, Liu L. Artificial Intelligence Meets Flexible Sensors: Emerging Smart Flexible Sensing Systems Driven by Machine Learning and Artificial Synapses. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:14. [PMID: 37955844 PMCID: PMC10643743 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The recent wave of the artificial intelligence (AI) revolution has aroused unprecedented interest in the intelligentialize of human society. As an essential component that bridges the physical world and digital signals, flexible sensors are evolving from a single sensing element to a smarter system, which is capable of highly efficient acquisition, analysis, and even perception of vast, multifaceted data. While challenging from a manual perspective, the development of intelligent flexible sensing has been remarkably facilitated owing to the rapid advances of brain-inspired AI innovations from both the algorithm (machine learning) and the framework (artificial synapses) level. This review presents the recent progress of the emerging AI-driven, intelligent flexible sensing systems. The basic concept of machine learning and artificial synapses are introduced. The new enabling features induced by the fusion of AI and flexible sensing are comprehensively reviewed, which significantly advances the applications such as flexible sensory systems, soft/humanoid robotics, and human activity monitoring. As two of the most profound innovations in the twenty-first century, the deep incorporation of flexible sensing and AI technology holds tremendous potential for creating a smarter world for human beings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpeng Huo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjie Du
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guisheng Zou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu X, Xue P, Gao M, Li Y, Xu Z, Wei Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Wang L, Liu H, Cheng B. Assembled one-dimensional nanowires for flexible electronic devices via printing and coating: Techniques, applications, and perspectives. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:102987. [PMID: 37852138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The rapid progress in flexible electronic devices has necessitated continual research into nanomaterials, structural design, and fabrication processes. One-dimensional nanowires, characterized by their distinct structures and exceptional properties, are considered essential components for various flexible electronic devices. Considerable attention has been directed toward the assembly of nanowires, which presents significant advantages. Printing and coating techniques can be used to assemble nanowires in a relatively simple, efficient, and cost-competitive manner and exhibit potential for scale-up production in the foreseeable future. This review aims to provide an overview of nanowire assembly using printing and coating techniques, such as bar coating, spray coating, dip coating, blade coating, 3D printing, and so forth. The application of assembled nanowires in flexible electronic devices is subsequently discussed. Finally, further discussion is presented on the potential and challenges of flexible electronic devices based on assembled nanowires via printing and coating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Pan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, PR China
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Zijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Zhengjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, PR China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang H, Dou X, Wang Z, Liu Z, Ye Q, Guo R, Zhou F. Boosting Sensitivity and Durability of Pressure Sensors Based on Compressible Cu Sponges by Strengthening Adhesion of "Rigid-Soft" Interfaces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303234. [PMID: 37501331 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The interface adhesion plays a key role between rigid metal and elastomer in compressible and stretchable conductors. However, the poor interfacial adhesion hinders their wide applications. To strengthen the interface adhesion, herein, a combination strategy of structure interlocking and polymer bridging is designed by introducing a method of subsurface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (sSI-ATRP). This method can make polymer brush root in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) subsurface, on this basis, metals further grow from subsurface to surface of PDMS via electroless deposition. As a result, the adhesive strength (≈2.5 MPa) between metal layer and PDMS elastomer is 4 times higher than that made by common polymer modification. As a demonstration, pressure sensor is constructed by using as-prepared compressible 3D Cu sponge as a top electrode and paper-based interdigited metal electrode as a bottom electrode. The device sensitivity can reach up to 961.2 kPa-1 and the durability can arrive at 3 000 cycles without degradation. Thus, this proposed interface-enhancement strategy for rigid-soft materials can significantly promote the performance of piezoresistive pressure sensors based on 3D conductive sponge. In the future, it would also be expanded to the fabrication of stretchable conductors and extensively applied in other flexible and wearable electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ruisheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, 264006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese of Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li S, Jang JH, Chung W, Seung H, Park SI, Ma H, Pyo WJ, Choi C, Chung DS, Kim DH, Choi MK, Yang J. Ultrathin Self-Powered Heavy-Metal-Free Cu-In-Se Quantum Dot Photodetectors for Wearable Health Monitoring. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20013-20023. [PMID: 37787474 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically deformable photodetectors (PDs) are key device components for wearable health monitoring systems based on photoplethysmography (PPG). Achieving high detectivity, fast response time, and an ultrathin form factor in the PD is highly needed for next-generation wearable PPG systems. Self-powered operation without a bulky power-supply unit is also beneficial for point-of-care application. Here, we propose ultrathin self-powered PDs using heavy-metal-free Cu-In-Se quantum dots (QDs), which enable high-performance wearable PPG systems. Although the light-absorbing QD layer is extremely thin (∼40 nm), the developed PD exhibits excellent performance (specific detectivity: 2.10 × 1012 Jones, linear dynamic range: 102 dB, and spectral range: 250-1050 nm at zero bias), which is comparable to that of conventional rigid QD-PDs employing thick Pb-chalcogenide QD layers. This is attributed to material and device strategies─materials that include Cu-In-Se QDs, a MoS2-nanosheet-blended poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) hole transport layer, a ZnO nanoparticle electron transport layer, Ag and ITO electrodes, and an ultrathin form factor (∼120 nm except the electrodes) that enable excellent mechanical deformability. These allow the successful application of QD-PDs to a wearable system for real-time PPG monitoring, expanding their potential in the field of mobile bioelectronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Li
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookjin Chung
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Seung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Ik Park
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjong Ma
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Pyo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsoon Choi
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Post-silicon Semiconductor Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kee Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Center for Future Semiconductor Technology (FUST), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Yang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Energy Science and Engineering Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wu S, Yang C, Hu J, Pan M, Meng W, Liu Y, Li P, Peng J, Zhang Q, Chen P, Wang H. Normal-Direction Graded Hemispheres for Ionic Flexible Sensors with a Record-High Linearity in a Wide Working Range. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47733-47744. [PMID: 37782111 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors developed rapidly with increased sensitivity, a fast response time, high stability, and excellent deformability. These progresses have expanded the application of wearable electronics under high-pressure backgrounds while also bringing new challenges. In particular, the nonlinearity and narrow working range lead to a gradually insensitive response, principally because the microstructure deforms inconsistently on the device interfaces in the whole working range. Herein, we report an ionic flexible sensor with a record-high linearity (R2 = 0.99994) in a wide working range (up to 600 kPa). The linearity response comes from the normal-direction graded hemisphere (GH) microstructure. It is prepared from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Au into flexible and deformable electrodes, and its geometry is precisely designed from the linear elastic theory and optimized through finite element simulation. The sensor can achieve a high sensitivity of S = 165.5 kPa-1, a response-relaxation time of <30 ms, and superb consistency, allowing the device to detect vibration signals. Our sensor has been assembled with circuits and capsulation in order to monitor the function state of players in underwater sports in the frequency domain. This work deepens the theory of linearized design of microstructures and provides a strategy to make flexible pressure sensors that have combined the performances of ultrahigh linearity, high sensitivity, and a wide working range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Wu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Chengxiu Yang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jiafei Hu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Mengchun Pan
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Weize Meng
- State Key Laboratory of CEMEE, College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Peisen Li
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Junping Peng
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Pengteng Chen
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Haomiao Wang
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Deya Road 109, Changsha 410073, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Z, Feng D, Li B, Zhao W, Xie D, Mei Y, Liu P. Ultra-Wide Range, High Sensitivity Piezoresistive Sensor Based on Triple Periodic Minimum Surface Construction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301378. [PMID: 37127873 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive sensors with biological structures are widely exploited for high sensitivity and detection. However, the conventional bionic structure pressure sensors usually suffer from irreconcilable conflicts between high sensitivity and wide detection response range. Herein, a triple periodic minimum surface (TPMS) structure sensor is proposed based on parametric structural design and 3D printing techniques. Upon tailoring of the dedicated structural parameters, the resulting sensors exhibit superior compression durability, high sensitivity, and ultra-high detection range, that enabling it meets the needs of various scenes. As a model system, TPMS structure sensor with 40.5% porosity exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity (132 kPa-1 in 0-5.7 MPa), wide detection strain range (0-31.2%), high repeatability and durability (1000 cycles in 4.41 MPa, 10000 s in 1.32 MPa), and low detection limit (1% in 80 kPa). The stress/strain distributions have been identified using finite element analysis. Toward practical applications, the TPMS structural sensors can be applied to detect human activity and health monitoring (i.e., voice recognition, finger pressure, sitting, standing, walking, and falling down behaviors). The synergistic effects of MWCNTs and MXene conductive network also ensure the composite further being utilized for electromagnetic interference shielding applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Dong Feng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bin Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Delong Xie
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yi Mei
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Pengju Liu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang S, Zong Q, Yang H, Tan C, Huang Q, Liu X, Zhang G, French P, Ye H. Rapid Fabrication of High-Performance Flexible Pressure Sensors Using Laser Pyrolysis Direct Writing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41055-41066. [PMID: 37523469 PMCID: PMC10472334 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of flexible pressure sensors with low cost, high scalability, and easy fabrication is an essential driving force in developing flexible electronics, especially for high-performance sensors that require precise surface microstructures. However, optimizing complex fabrication processes and expensive microfabrication methods remains a significant challenge. In this study, we introduce a laser pyrolysis direct writing technology that enables rapid and efficient fabrication of high-performance flexible pressure sensors with a micro-truncated pyramid array. The pressure sensor demonstrates exceptional sensitivities, with the values of 3132.0, 322.5, and 27.8 kPa-1 in the pressure ranges of 0-0.5, 0.5-3.5, and 3.5-10 kPa, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits rapid response times (loading: 22 ms, unloading: 18 ms) and exceptional reliability, enduring over 3000 pressure loading and unloading cycles. Moreover, the pressure sensor can be easily integrated into a sensor array for spatial pressure distribution detection. The laser pyrolysis direct writing technology introduced in this study presents a highly efficient and promising approach to designing and fabricating high-performance flexible pressure sensors utilizing micro-structured polymer substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaogang Wang
- Faculty
of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The
Netherlands
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Qihang Zong
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiru Yang
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunjian Tan
- Faculty
of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The
Netherlands
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianming Huang
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Faculty
of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The
Netherlands
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- Faculty
of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The
Netherlands
| | - Paddy French
- Faculty
of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The
Netherlands
| | - Huaiyu Ye
- Faculty
of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The
Netherlands
- School
of Microelectronics, Southern University
of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhao XH, Lai QT, Guo WT, Liang ZH, Tang Z, Tang XG, Roy VAL, Sun QJ. Skin-Inspired Highly Sensitive Tactile Sensors with Ultrahigh Resolution over a Broad Sensing Range. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37315104 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors with high sensitivity, a broad pressure detection range, and high resolution are highly desired for the applications of health monitoring, robots, and the human-machine interface. However, it is still challenging to realize a tactile sensor with high sensitivity and resolution over a wide detection range. Herein, to solve the abovementioned problem, we demonstrate a universal route to develop a highly sensitive tactile sensor with high resolution and a wide pressure range. The tactile sensor is composed of two layers of microstructured flexible electrodes with high modulus and conductive cotton fabric with low modulus. By optimizing the sensing films, the fabricated tactile sensor shows a high sensitivity of 8.9 × 104 kPa-1 from 2 Pa to 250 kPa because of the high structural compressibility and stress adaptation of the multilayered composite films. Meanwhile, a fast response speed of 18 ms, an ultrahigh resolution of 100 Pa over 100 kPa, and excellent durability over 20 000 loading/unloading cycles are demonstrated. Moreover, a 6 × 6 tactile sensor array is fabricated and shows promising potential application in electronic skin (e-skin). Therefore, employing multilayered composite films for tactile sensors is a novel strategy to achieve high-performance tactile perception in real-time health monitoring and artificial intelligence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Teng Lai
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Guo
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Heng Liang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy A L Roy
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhao Y, Chen G, Zhao Y, Li M, Zhang N, Wen J, Zhou N, Li S, Mao H, Huang C. Wafer-Level, High-Performance, Flexible Sensors Based on Organic Nanoforests for Human-Machine Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37307295 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-performance flexible sensors are essential for real-time information analysis and constructing noncontact communication modules for emerging human-machine interactions. In these applications, batch fabrication of sensors that exhibit high performance at the wafer level is in high demand. Here, we present organic nanoforest-based humidity sensor (NFHS) arrays on a 6 in. flexible substrate prepared via a facile, cost-effective manufacturing approach. Such an NFHS achieves state-of-the-art overall performance: high sensitivity and fast recovery time; the best properties are at a small device footprint. The high sensitivity (8.84 pF/% RH) and fast response time (5 s) of the as-fabricated organic nanoforests are attributed to the abundant hydrophilic groups, the ultra-large surface area with a huge number of nanopores, and the vertically distributed structures beneficial to the transfer of molecules up and down. The NFHS also exhibits excellent long-term stability (90 days), superior mechanical flexibility, and good performance repeatability after bending. With these superiorities, the NFHS is further applied as a smart noncontact switch, and the NFHS array is used as the motion trajectory tracker. The wafer-level batch fabrication capability of our NFHS provides a potential strategy for developing practical applications of such humidity sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuefang Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guidong Chen
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mao Li
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wen
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhou
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaojuan Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Mao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chengjun Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lei H, Ji H, Liu X, Lu B, Xie L, Lim EG, Tu X, Liu Y, Zhang P, Zhao C, Sun X, Wen Z. Self-Assembled Porous-Reinforcement Microstructure-Based Flexible Triboelectric Patch for Remote Healthcare. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:109. [PMID: 37071340 PMCID: PMC10113410 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Realizing real-time monitoring of physiological signals is vital for preventing and treating chronic diseases in elderly individuals. However, wearable sensors with low power consumption and high sensitivity to both weak physiological signals and large mechanical stimuli remain challenges. Here, a flexible triboelectric patch (FTEP) based on porous-reinforcement microstructures for remote health monitoring has been reported. The porous-reinforcement microstructure is constructed by the self-assembly of silicone rubber adhering to the porous framework of the PU sponge. The mechanical properties of the FTEP can be regulated by the concentrations of silicone rubber dilution. For pressure sensing, its sensitivity can be effectively improved fivefold compared to the device with a solid dielectric layer, reaching 5.93 kPa-1 under a pressure range of 0-5 kPa. In addition, the FTEP has a wide detection range up to 50 kPa with a sensitivity of 0.21 kPa-1. The porous microstructure makes the FTEP ultra-sensitive to external pressure, and the reinforcements endow the device with a greater deformation limit in a wide detection range. Finally, a novel concept of the wearable Internet of Healthcare (IoH) system for real-time physiological signal monitoring has been proposed, which could provide real-time physiological information for ambulatory personalized healthcare monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L693GJ, UK
| | - Haifeng Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bohan Lu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L693GJ, UK
| | - Linjie Xie
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Eng Gee Lim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L693GJ, UK
| | - Yina Liu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhen Wen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zheng Z, Yang L, Yang Y, Li L, Lin B, Fu L, Xu C. Flexible, sensitive and rapid humidity-responsive sensor based on rubber/aldehyde-modified sodium carboxymethyl starch for human respiratory detection. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 306:120625. [PMID: 36746577 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Natural polymers with abundant hydrophilic groups are potential candidates for humidity sensor designing. Unfortunately, most of natural polymers lack essential stretchability and high conductivity, which hinder their development in the field of flexible humidity sensor. Cooperation with rubbers and conductive nanometer materials is an effective method to make the best use of natural polymers in flexible humidity sensor. In this paper, a flexible and sensitive sensor with rapid response to humidity change is fabricated based on aldehyde-modified sodium carboxymethyl starch (ACMS), carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR) and Ag nanoflakes through film-forming method. The pre-prepared ACMS owns a better dispersibility in the aqueous phase and serves as reducing agent for formation of Ag nanoflakes. After the film-forming process, the composite film shows a strength of 5.66 MPa and a high stretchability with strain of 367 %. Besides, our sensor shows a rapider response to humidity change than the commercial electronic hygrometer that it takes only 1 s to respond to the humidity change from 25 % RH to 27 % RH. Therefore, the XSBR/ACMS/Ag sensor possesses an impressive sensitive response to slight sweat on human skin and breath, which could find applications in monitoring people's health and distinguish their physical condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Luji Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Baofeng Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lihua Fu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chuanhui Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China..
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wan X, Mu T, Yin G. Intrinsic Self-Healing Chemistry for Next-Generation Flexible Energy Storage Devices. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:99. [PMID: 37037957 PMCID: PMC10086096 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The booming wearable/portable electronic devices industry has stimulated the progress of supporting flexible energy storage devices. Excellent performance of flexible devices not only requires the component units of each device to maintain the original performance under external forces, but also demands the overall device to be flexible in response to external fields. However, flexible energy storage devices inevitably occur mechanical damages (extrusion, impact, vibration)/electrical damages (overcharge, over-discharge, external short circuit) during long-term complex deformation conditions, causing serious performance degradation and safety risks. Inspired by the healing phenomenon of nature, endowing energy storage devices with self-healing capability has become a promising strategy to effectively improve the durability and functionality of devices. Herein, this review systematically summarizes the latest progress in intrinsic self-healing chemistry for energy storage devices. Firstly, the main intrinsic self-healing mechanism is introduced. Then, the research situation of electrodes, electrolytes, artificial interface layers and integrated devices based on intrinsic self-healing and advanced characterization technology is reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and perspective are provided. We believe this critical review will contribute to the development of intrinsic self-healing chemistry in the flexible energy storage field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiansheng Mu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Geping Yin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang H, Chen H, Lee JH, Kim E, Chan KY, Venkatesan H, Shen X, Yang J, Kim JK. Mechanochromic Optical/Electrical Skin for Ultrasensitive Dual-Signal Sensing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5921-5934. [PMID: 36920071 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Following earlier research efforts dedicated to the realization of multifunctional sensing, recent developments of artificial skins endeavor to go beyond human sensory functions by integrating interactive visualization of strain and pressure stimuli. Inspired by the microcracked structure of spider slit organs and the mechanochromic mechanism of chameleons, this work aims to design a flexible optical/electrical skin (OE-skin) capable of responding to complex stimuli with interactive feedback of human-readable structural colors. The OE-skin consists of an ionic electrode combined with an elastomer dielectric layer, a chromotropic layer containing photonic crystals and a conductive carbon nanotube/MXene layer. The electrode/dielectric layers function as a capacitive pressure sensor. The mechanochromic photonic crystals of ferroferric oxide-carbon magnetic arrays embedded in the gelatin/polyacrylamide stretchable hydrogel film perceive strain and pressure stimuli with bright color switching outputs in the full visible spectrum. The underlying microcracked conductive layer is devoted to ultrasensitive strain sensing with a gauge factor of 191.8. The multilayered OE-skin delivers an ultrafast, accurate response for capacitive pressure sensing with a detection limit of 75 Pa and long-term stability of 5000 cycles, while visualizing complex deformations in the form of high-resolution spatial colors. These findings offer deep insights into the rational design of OE-skins as multifunctional sensing devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Haomin Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jeng-Hun Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kit-Ying Chan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Harun Venkatesan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jinglei Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518048, China
| | - Jang-Kyo Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhao X, Zhao S, Zhang X, Su Z. Recent progress in flexible pressure sensors based on multiple microstructures: from design to application. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:5111-5138. [PMID: 36852534 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors (FPSs) have been widely studied in the fields of wearable medical monitoring and human-machine interaction due to their high flexibility, light weight, sensitivity, and easy integration. To better meet these application requirements, key sensing properties such as sensitivity, linear sensing range, pressure detection limits, response/recovery time, and durability need to be effectively improved. Therefore, researchers have extensively and profoundly researched and innovated on the structure of sensors, and various microstructures have been designed and applied to effectively improve the sensing performance of sensors. Compared with single microstructures, multiple microstructures (MMSs) (including hierarchical, multi-layered and hybrid microstructures) can improve the sensing performance of sensors to a greater extent. This paper reviews the recent research progress in the design and application of FPSs with MMSs and systematically summarizes the types, sensing mechanisms, and preparation methods of MMSs. In addition, we summarize the applications of FPSs with MMSs in the fields of human motion detection, health monitoring, and human-computer interaction. Finally, we provide an outlook on the prospects and challenges for the development of FPSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China.
| | - Shujing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Strain and Pressure Sensors Based on MWCNT/PDMS for Human Motion/Perception Detection. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061386. [PMID: 36987168 PMCID: PMC10055516 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible wearable devices have attracted wide attention in capacious fields because of their real-time and continuous monitoring of human information. The development of flexible sensors and corresponding integration with wearable devices is of great significance to build smart wearable devices. In this work, multi-walled carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane-based (MWCNT/PDMS) resistive strain sensors and pressure sensors were developed to integrate a smart glove for human motion/perception detection. Firstly, MWCNT/PDMS conductive layers with excellent electrical and mechanical properties (resistivity of 2.897 KΩ · cm, elongation at break of 145%) were fabricated via a facile scraping-coating method. Then, a resistive strain sensor with a stable homogeneous structure was developed due to the similar physicochemical properties of the PDMS encapsulation layer and MWCNT/PDMS sensing layer. The resistance changes of the prepared strain sensor exhibited a great linear relationship with the strain. Moreover, it could output obvious repeatable dynamic response signals. It still had good cyclic stability and durability after 180° bending/restoring cycles and 40% stretching/releasing cycles. Secondly, MWCNT/PDMS layers with bioinspired spinous microstructures were formed by a simple sandpaper retransfer process and then assembled face-to-face into a resistive pressure sensor. The pressure sensor presented a linear relationship of relative resistance change and pressure in the range of 0–31.83 KPa with a sensitivity of 0.026 KPa−1, and a sensitivity of 2.769 × 10−4 KPa−1 over 32 KPa. Furthermore, it responded quickly and kept good cycle stability at 25.78 KPa dynamic loop over 2000 s. Finally, as parts of a wearable device, resistive strain sensors and a pressure sensor were then integrated into different areas of the glove. The cost-effective, multi-functional smart glove can recognize finger bending, gestures, and external mechanical stimuli, which holds great potential in the fields of medical healthcare, human-computer cooperation, and so on.
Collapse
|
44
|
Synergistic coupling of 0D–2D heterostructure from ZnO and Ti3C2T MXene-derived TiO2 for boosted NO2 detection at room temperature. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
|
45
|
Zhou H, Xu L, Ren Z, Zhu J, Lee C. Machine learning-augmented surface-enhanced spectroscopy toward next-generation molecular diagnostics. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:538-570. [PMID: 36756499 PMCID: PMC9890940 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00608a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The world today is witnessing the significant role and huge demand for molecular detection and screening in healthcare and medical diagnosis, especially during the outbreak of COVID-19. Surface-enhanced spectroscopy techniques, including Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Infrared Absorption (SEIRA), provide lattice and molecular vibrational fingerprint information which is directly linked to the molecular constituents, chemical bonds, and configuration. These properties make them an unambiguous, nondestructive, and label-free toolkit for molecular diagnostics and screening. However, new issues in molecular diagnostics, such as increasing molecular species, faster spread of viruses, and higher requirements for detection accuracy and sensitivity, have brought great challenges to detection technology. Advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) techniques show promising potential in empowering SERS and SEIRA with rapid analysis and automatic data processing to jointly tackle the challenge. This review introduces the combination of ML and SERS/SEIRA by investigating how ML algorithms can be beneficial to SERS/SEIRA, discussing the general process of combining ML and SEIRA/SERS, highlighting the molecular diagnostics and screening applications based on ML-combined SEIRA/SERS, and providing perspectives on the future development of ML-integrated SEIRA/SERS. In general, this review offers comprehensive knowledge about the recent advances and the future outlook regarding ML-integrated SEIRA/SERS for molecular diagnostics and screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117583
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore Singapore 117608
| | - Liangge Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117583
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore Singapore 117608
- National Key Laboratory of Special Environment Composite Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Zhihao Ren
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117583
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore Singapore 117608
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Special Environment Composite Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117583
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore Singapore 117608
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI) Suzhou 215123 China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shin YK, Shin Y, Lee JW, Seo MH. Micro-/Nano-Structured Biodegradable Pressure Sensors for Biomedical Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:952. [PMID: 36354461 PMCID: PMC9687959 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interest in biodegradable pressure sensors in the biomedical field is growing because of their temporary existence in wearable and implantable applications without any biocompatibility issues. In contrast to the limited sensing performance and biocompatibility of initially developed biodegradable pressure sensors, device performances and functionalities have drastically improved owing to the recent developments in micro-/nano-technologies including device structures and materials. Thus, there is greater possibility of their use in diagnosis and healthcare applications. This review article summarizes the recent advances in micro-/nano-structured biodegradable pressure sensor devices. In particular, we focus on the considerable improvement in performance and functionality at the device-level that has been achieved by adapting the geometrical design parameters in the micro- and nano-meter range. First, the material choices and sensing mechanisms available for fabricating micro-/nano-structured biodegradable pressure sensor devices are discussed. Then, this is followed by a historical development in the biodegradable pressure sensors. In particular, we highlight not only the fabrication methods and performances of the sensor device, but also their biocompatibility. Finally, we intoduce the recent examples of the micro/nano-structured biodegradable pressure sensor for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Kyum Shin
- Department of Information Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Yujin Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Seo
- Department of Information Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
MXene-based flexible pressure sensor with piezoresistive properties significantly enhanced by atomic layer infiltration. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
48
|
Wang H, Liang C, Zhang H, Diao Y, Luo H, Han Y, Wu X. Digitized Construction of Iontronic Pressure Sensor with Self-Defined Configuration and Widely Regulated Performance. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6136. [PMID: 36015893 PMCID: PMC9415562 DOI: 10.3390/s22166136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are essential components for wearable smart devices and intelligent systems. Significant progress has been made in this area, reporting on excellent sensor performance and fascinating sensor functionalities. Nevertheless, geometrical and morphological engineering of pressure sensors is usually neglected, which, however, is significant for practical application. Here, we present a digitized manufacturing methodology to construct a new class of iontronic pressure sensors with optionally defined configurations and widely modulated performance. These pressure sensors are composed of self-defined electrode patterns prepared by a screen printing method and highly tunable pressure-sensitive microstructures fabricated using 3D printed templates. Importantly, the iontronic pressure sensors employ an iontronic capacitive sensing mechanism based on mechanically regulating the electrical double layer at the electrolyte/electrode interfaces. The resultant pressure sensors exhibit high sensitivity (58 kPa-1), fast response/recovery time (45 ms/75 ms), low detectability (6.64 Pa), and good repeatability (2000 cycles). Moreover, our pressure sensors show remarkable tunability and adaptability in device configuration and performance, which is challenging to achieve via conventional manufacturing processes. The promising applications of these iontronic pressure sensors in monitoring various human physiological activities, fabricating flexible electronic skin, and resolving the force variation during manipulation of an object with a robotic hand are successfully demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chun Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yan Diao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hua Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yangyang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|