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Sankhyan S, Kumar P, Pandit S, Kumar S, Ranjan N, Ray S. Biological machinery for the production of biosurfactant and their potential applications. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127765. [PMID: 38805980 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The growing biotechnology industry has focused a lot of attention on biosurfactants because of several advantages over synthetic surfactants. These benefits include worldwide public health, environmental sustainability, and the increasing demand from sectors for environmentally friendly products. Replacement with biosurfactants can reduce upto 8% lifetime CO2 emissions avoiding about 1.5 million tons of greenhouse gas released into the atmosphere. Therefore, the demand for biosurfactants has risen sharply occupying about 10% (∼10 million tons/year) of the world production of surfactants. Biosurfactants' distinct amphipathic structure, which is made up of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, enables these molecules to perform essential functions in emulsification, foam formation, detergency, and oil dispersion-all of which are highly valued characteristic in a variety of sectors. Today, a variety of biosurfactants are manufactured on a commercial scale for use in the food, petroleum, and agricultural industries, as well as the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. We provide a thorough analysis of the body of knowledge on microbial biosurfactants that has been gained over time in this research. We also discuss the benefits and obstacles that need to be overcome for the effective development and use of biosurfactants, as well as their present and future industrial uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Sankhyan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Prasun Kumar
- MNR Foundation for Research & Innovations (MNR-FRI), MNR Medical College & Hospital, MNR Nagar, Fasalwadi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502294, India
| | - Soumya Pandit
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Nishant Ranjan
- University Center for Research and Development, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Subhasree Ray
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
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Herrmann LW, Letti LAJ, Penha RDO, Soccol VT, Rodrigues C, Soccol CR. Bacillus genus industrial applications and innovation: First steps towards a circular bioeconomy. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 70:108300. [PMID: 38101553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, environmental concerns have directed several policies, investments, and production processes. The search for sustainable and eco-friendly strategies is constantly increasing to reduce petrochemical product utilization, fossil fuel pollution, waste generation, and other major ecological impacts. The concepts of circular economy, bioeconomy, and biorefinery are increasingly being applied to solve or reduce those problems, directing us towards a greener future. Within the biotechnology field, the Bacillus genus of bacteria presents extremely versatile microorganisms capable of producing a great variety of products with little to no dependency on petrochemicals. They are able to grow in different agro-industrial wastes and extreme conditions, resulting in healthy and environmentally friendly products, such as foods, feeds, probiotics, plant growth promoters, biocides, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. The objective of this review was to compile the variety of products that can be produced with Bacillus cells, using the concepts of biorefinery and circular economy as the scope to search for greener alternatives to each production method and providing market and bioeconomy ideas of global production. Although the genus is extensively used in industry, little information is available on its large-scale production, and there is little current data regarding bioeconomy and circular economy parameters for the bacteria. Therefore, as this work gathers several products' economic, production, and environmentally friendly use information, it can be addressed as one of the first steps towards those sustainable strategies. Additionally, an extensive patent search was conducted, focusing on products that contain or are produced by the Bacillus genus, providing an indication of global technology development and direction of the bacteria products. The Bacillus global market represented at least $18 billion in 2020, taking into account only the products addressed in this article, and at least 650 patent documents submitted per year since 2017, indicating this market's extreme importance. The data we provide in this article can be used as a base for further studies in bioeconomy and circular economy and show the genus is a promising candidate for a greener and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Rafaela de Oliveira Penha
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cristine Rodrigues
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
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da Silva RR, Santos JCV, Meira HM, Almeida SM, Sarubbo LA, Luna JM. Microbial Biosurfactant: Candida bombicola as a Potential Remediator of Environments Contaminated by Heavy Metals. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2772. [PMID: 38004783 PMCID: PMC10673205 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial interest in surfactants of microbial origin has intensified recently due to the characteristics of these compounds, such as biodegradability and reduced toxicity, and their efficiency in removing heavy metals and hydrophobic organic compounds from soils and waters. The aim of this study was to produce a biosurfactant using Candida bombicola URM 3712 in a low-cost medium containing 5.0% molasses, 3.0% corn steep liquor and 2.5% residual frying oil for 144 h at 200 rmp. Measurements of engine oil tension and emulsification were made under extreme conditions of temperature (0 °C, 5 °C, 70 °C, 100 °C and 120 °C), pH (2-12) and NaCl concentrations (2-12), demonstrating the stability of the biosurfactant. The isolated biosurfactant was characterized as an anionic molecule with the ability to reduce the surface tension of water from 72 to 29 mN/m, with a critical micellar concentration of 0.5%. The biosurfactant had no toxic effect on vegetable seeds or on Eisenia fetida as a bioindicator. Applications in the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils under dynamic conditions demonstrated the potential of the crude and isolated biosurfactant in the removal of Fe, Zn and Pb with percentages between 70 and 88%, with the highest removal of Pb being 48%. The highest percentage of removal was obtained using the cell-free metabolic liquid, which was able to remove 48, 71 and 88% of lead, zinc and iron from the soil, respectively. Tests in packed columns also confirmed the biosurfactant's ability to remove Fe, Zn and Pb between 40 and 65%. The removal kinetics demonstrated an increasing percentage, reaching removal of 50, 70 and 85% for Pb, Zn and Fe, respectively, reaching a greater removal efficiency at the end of 24 h. The biosurfactant was also able to significantly reduce the electrical conductivity of solutions containing heavy metals. The biosurfactant produced by Candida bombicola has potential as an adjuvant in industrial processes for remediating soils and effluents polluted by inorganic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Raianny da Silva
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (Renorbio), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil;
| | - Júlio C. V. Santos
- Environmental Process Development (PPGDPA), Catholic University of Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, PE, Brazil;
| | - Hugo M. Meira
- Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation (IATI), Rua Potira de Brito, n.216, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, PE, Brazil
| | - Sérgio M. Almeida
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Recife 50050-900, PE, Brazil;
| | - Leonie A. Sarubbo
- Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation (IATI), Rua Potira de Brito, n.216, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, PE, Brazil
- Icam Tech School, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, PE, Brazil
| | - Juliana M. Luna
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Recife 50050-900, PE, Brazil;
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Phulpoto IA, Yu Z, Qazi MA, Ndayisenga F, Yang J. A comprehensive study on microbial-surfactants from bioproduction scale-up toward electrokinetics remediation of environmental pollutants: Challenges and perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136979. [PMID: 36309062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, researchers have focused on electrokinetic (EK) bioremediation due to its potential to remove a wide-range of pollutants. Further, to improve their performance, synthetic surfactants are employed as effective additives because of their excellent solubility and mobility. Synthetic surfactants have an excessive position in industries since they are well-established, cheap, and easily available. Nevertheless, these surfactants have adverse environmental effects and could be detrimental to aquatic and terrestrial life. Owing to social and environmental awareness, there is a rising demand for bio-based surfactants in the global market, from environmental sustainability to public health, because of their excellent surface and interfacial activity, higher and stable emulsifying property, biodegradability, non- or low toxicity, better selectivity and specificity at extreme environmental conditions. Unfortunately, challenges to biosurfactants, like expensive raw materials, low yields, and purification processes, hinder their applicability to large-scale. To date, extensive research has already been conducted for production scale-up using multidisciplinary approaches. However, it is still essential to research and develop high-yielding bacteria for bioproduction through traditional and biotechnological advances to reduce production costs. Herein, this review evaluates the recent progress made on microbial-surfactants for bioproduction scale-up and provides detailed information on traditional and advanced genetic engineering approaches for cost-effective bioproduction. Furthermore, this study emphasized the role of electrokinetic (EK) bioremediation and discussed the application of BioS-mediated EK for various pollutants remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ali Phulpoto
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir's, 66020, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; RCEES-IMCAS-UCAS Joint-Lab of Microbial Technology for Environmental Science, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Muneer Ahmed Qazi
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir's, 66020, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Fabrice Ndayisenga
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
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Ciurko D, Czyżnikowska Ż, Kancelista A, Łaba W, Janek T. Sustainable Production of Biosurfactant from Agro-Industrial Oil Wastes by Bacillus subtilis and Its Potential Application as Antioxidant and ACE Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810824. [PMID: 36142732 PMCID: PMC9505973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbial conversion of agro-industrial oil wastes into biosurfactants shows promise as a biomass refinery approach. In this study, Bacillus subtilis #309 was applied to produce surfactin using rapeseed and sunflower cakes, the most common oil processing side products in Europe. Studies of the chemical composition of the substrates were performed, to determine the feasibility of oil cakes for surfactin production. Initially, screening of proteolytic and lipolytic activity was performed to establish the capability of B. subtilis #309 for substrate utilization and hence effective surfactin production. B. subtilis #309 showed both proteolytic and lipolytic activity. The process of surfactin production was carefully analyzed by measurement of the surfactin concentration, pH, surface tension (ST) and emulsification index (E24). The maximal surfactin concentration in the sunflower and rapeseed cake medium reached 1.19 ± 0.03 and 1.45 ± 0.09 g/L, respectively. At the same time, a progressive decrease in the surface tension and increase in emulsification activity were observed. The results confirmed the occurrence of various surfactin homologues, while the surfactin C15 was the dominant one. Finally, the analysis of surfactin biological function exhibited antioxidant activity and significant angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for ACE inhibition was found to be 0.62 mg/mL for surfactin. Molecular docking of the surfactin molecule to the ACE domains confirmed its inhibitory activity against ACE. Several interactions, such as hydrophobic terms, hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions, were involved in the complex stabilization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the effect of a lipopeptide biosurfactant, surfactin, produced by B. subtilis for multifunctional properties in vitro, namely the ACE-inhibitory activity and the antioxidant properties, using different assays, such as 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Thus, the ACE-inhibitory lipopeptide biosurfactant shows promise to be used as a natural antihypertensive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Ciurko
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Kancelista
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Łaba
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-320-7734
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Ru Y, Liu J, Xu P, Gao W, Sun D, Zhu J, Liu C, Liu W. Application of the biosurfactant produced by
Bacillus velezensis
MMB
‐51 as an efficient synergist of sweet potato foliar fertilizer. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunrui Ru
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Peijing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Wenhui Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Di Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Cong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu Province China
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Kaur H, Sangwan S, Sharma P, Singh S. Biosurfactant production prospects of a Gram-negative bacterium-Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae BK34. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:374. [PMID: 35437705 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing environmental concerns have brought natural surfactant produced by microorganisms into limelight due to their lesser toxicity, biodegradable nature, and retention of activity at extreme conditions. In the present investigation, the surfactant production perspective of capsulated Gram-negative bacilli Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae BK34 was explored. It was identified on the basis of PCR amplification of conserved region of 16SrRNA using species specific primers. Highest oil displacement and emulsification (E24) index of 6.8 cm and 20% along with 4.38-fold increase in biomass were attained using olive oil (2% (v/v)) as substrate. Incorporation of urea at 0.5% (w/v) concentration increased the oil displacement, E24 index, and drop diameter to 9.2 cm, 77.50%, and 0.80 cm, respectively, accompanied by 5.38-fold increase in biomass production. Biosurfactant level was recorded maximum at 30 °C as apparent from the oil displacement of 9.3 cm and E24 index of 75%. Reduction in incubation temperature to 25 °C abated oil displacement (5.2 cm) and E24 index (17.66%). Biosurfactant production was also appeared to be pH sensitive as shifting pH from 7.0 to 6.0 or 8.0 reduced the E24 index from 75 to 35% and 25%, respectively. Inoculum of stationary phase bacterial biomass at the proportion of 0.05% (w/v) was found adequate in triggering maximum biosurfactant production while the log phase biomass delayed the production significantly. Acid precipitation method was able to yield 7 g/L biosurfactant at pH 2. The surfactant was allocated to glycolipopeptide class on the basis of FTIR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Seema Sangwan
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India.
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Sushila Singh
- Department of Chemistry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
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Bilal M, Qamar SA, Qamar M, Yadav V, Taherzadeh MJ, Lam SS, Iqbal HMN. Bioprospecting lignin biomass into environmentally friendly polymers—Applied perspective to reconcile sustainable circular bioeconomy. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13399-022-02600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Evode N, Qamar SA, Bilal M, Barceló D, Iqbal HM. Plastic waste and its management strategies for environmental sustainability. CASE STUDIES IN CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2021.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Qamar SA, Qamar M, Bilal M, Bharagava RN, Ferreira LFR, Sher F, Iqbal HMN. Cellulose-deconstruction potential of nano-biocatalytic systems: A strategic drive from designing to sustainable applications of immobilized cellulases. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:1-19. [PMID: 34146557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials along with an added value of polymers-based support carriers have gained high interest and considered ideal for enzyme immobilization. The recently emerged nanoscience interface in the form of nanostructured materials combined with immobilized-enzyme-based bio-catalysis has now become research and development frontiers in advance and applied bio-catalysis engineering. With the involvement of nanoscience, various polymers have been thoroughly developed and exploited to nanostructured engineer constructs as ideal support carriers/matrices. Such nanotechnologically engineered support carriers/matrix possesses unique structural, physicochemical, and functional attributes which equilibrate principal factors and strengthen the biocatalysts efficacy for multipurpose applications. In addition, nano-supported catalysts are potential alternatives that can outstrip several limitations of conventional biocatalysts, such as reduced catalytic efficacy and turnover, low mass transfer efficiency, instability during the reaction, and most importantly, partial, or complete inhibition/deactivation. In this context, engineering robust and highly efficient biocatalysts is an industrially relevant prerequisite. This review comprehensively covered various biopolymers and nanostructured materials, including silica, hybrid nanoflower, nanotubes or nanofibers, nanomembranes, graphene oxide nanoparticles, metal-oxide frameworks, and magnetic nanoparticles as robust matrices for cellulase immobilization. The work is further enriched by spotlighting applied and industrially relevant considerations of nano-immobilized cellulases. For instance, owing to the cellulose-deconstruction features of nano-immobilized cellulases, the applications like lignocellulosic biomass conversion into industrially useful products or biofuels, improved paper sheet density and pulp beat in paper and pulp industry, fruit juice clarification in food industry are evident examples of cellulases, thereof are discussed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad Ahmad Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahpara Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, U.P., India
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Waste and Effluent Treatment Laboratory, Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE 49032-490, Brazil; Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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Bilal M, Qamar SA, Ashraf SS, Rodríguez-Couto S, Iqbal HMN. Robust nanocarriers to engineer nanobiocatalysts for bioprocessing applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 293:102438. [PMID: 34023567 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic integration of bio-catalysis engineering with nanostructured materials, as unique multifunctional carrier matrices, has emerged as a new interface of nanobiocatalysis (NBC). NBC is an emerging innovation that offers significant considerations to expand the designing and fabrication of robust catalysts at the nanoscale with improved catalytic characteristics for multipurpose bioprocessing applications. In addition, nanostructured materials with unique structural, physical, chemical, and functional entities have manifested significant contributions in mimicking the enzyme microenvironment. A fine-tuned enzyme microenvironment with an added-value of NBC offers chemo- regio- and stereo- selectivities and specificities. Furthermore, NBC is growing rapidly and will become a powerful norm in bio-catalysis with much controlled features, such as selectivity, specificity, stability, resistivity, induce activity, reaction efficacy, multi-usability, improved mass transfer efficiency, high catalytic turnover, optimal yield, ease in recovery, and cost-effectiveness. Considering the above critics and unique structural, physicochemical, and functional attributes, herein, we present and discuss advances in NBC and its bioprocessing applications in different fields. Briefly, this review is focused on four parts, i.e., (1) NBC as a drive towards applied nanobiocatalysts (as an introduction with opportunities), (2) promising nanocarriers to develop nanobiocatalysts, (3) applications in the fields of biotransformation, biofuel production, carbohydrate hydrolysis, bio-/nanosensing, detergent formulations, and extraction and purification of value-added compounds, and (4) current challenges, concluding remarks, and future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Sarmad Ahmad Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Biotechnology (BTC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Susana Rodríguez-Couto
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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Prakash AA, Rajasekar A, Sarankumar RK, AlSalhi MS, Devanesan S, Aljaafreh MJ, Govarthanan M, Sayed SRM. Metagenomic analysis of microbial community and its role in bioelectrokinetic remediation of tannery contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125133. [PMID: 33524735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tanneries create a serious threat to the environment by generating a significant amount of toxic metal-containing solid waste. This study deals with the application of bio-electrokinetic remediation (Bio-EK) of tannery effluent contaminated soil (TECS). Metagenomes representing the TECS sample were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq platform. The bioreduction of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI)to trivalent chromium Cr (III) was achieved by BIO-EK techniques. NGS-data (Next Generation Sequencing) analysis was revealed that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes were identified in the bio-electrokinetic system. Proteobacteria are responsible for the bioreduction of chromium hexavalent by the formation of FeS particles. The bio-generated FeS particles can be reduced the toxic chromium (VI) to non-toxic chromium (III) in soil. Simultaneously total chromium and organic content were significantly removed in BIO-EK (40 and 290 mg kg-1) when compared to control soil (182 and 240 mg kg-1). The presence of pollutant degrading microbes such as Desulfovibrio, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Clostridium, Halanaerobium enhanced the bioreduction of the chromium during the electrokinetic remediation. This study can be claimed that the microbial cultures assisted electrokinetic remediation of total chromium, organic and iron in the tannery effluent contaminated soil was one of the suitable efficient techniques. In addition, the viability of the new combination technology developed (Electrokinetic + Bio) to treat low-permeability polluted soils was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Arul Prakash
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore 632115, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore 632115, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raja Kumaresan Sarankumar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore 632115, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box -2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box -2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamduh J Aljaafreh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box -2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Shaban R M Sayed
- Electron Microscope Unit, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Broadening the Catalytic Role of Enzymes in Cosmeceutical Sector: A Robust Tool from White Biotechnology. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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