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Fritzen JTT, Yasumitsu CY, Silva IV, Lorenzetti E, Alfieri AF, Alfieri AA. Respiratory illness in young and adult cattle caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 2b in singular and mixed bacterial infection in a BVDV-vaccinated dairy herd. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01476-x. [PMID: 39143403 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a common global health problem in dairy cattle. The definitive diagnosis of BRD is complex because its etiology involves several predisposing and determining factors. This report describes the etiology of a BRD outbreak in a dairy herd in the mesoregion of Central Eastern Paraná, which simultaneously affected young (calves and heifers) and adult (cows) Holstein-Friesian cattle. Nine biological samples, consisting of five lung samples from two cows and three suckling calves, and four nasal swab samples from heifers, were used for etiological diagnosis. The nucleic acids extracted from lung fragments and nasal swabs were subjected to PCR and RT-PCR assays for partial amplification of the genes of five viruses [bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), and bovine coronavirus (BCoV)] and four bacteria (Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni) involved in the etiology of BRD. All nine biological samples from the animals with BRD tested negative for BoAHV1, BRSV, BPIV-3, BCoV, and H. somni. Therefore, the involvement of these microorganisms in the etiology of BRD outbreak can be ruled out. It was possible to identify the presence of BVDV and M. bovis in singular and mixed infections of the lower respiratory tract in cattle. BVDV was also identified in two nasal swabs: one as a single etiological agent and the other in association with two bacteria (P. multocida and M. haemolytica). The phylogenetic analysis conducted in the nucleotide sequence of the 5'UTR region and Npro gene of the BVDV amplicons demonstrated that the BVDV field strains of this BRD outbreak belong to subgenotype 2b. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of BVDV-2b involvement in the etiology of BRD in Brazil. Finally, it is necessary to highlight that the cattle were obtained from an open dairy herd with biannual vaccinations for BVDV-1a and - 2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Torres Tomazi Fritzen
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Carolina Yuka Yasumitsu
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Isabela Vaz Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Elis Lorenzetti
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT-LEITE), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
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Fritzen JTT, Zucoloto NZ, Lorenzetti E, Alfieri AF, Alfieri AA. Outbreak of persistently infected heifer calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotypes 1b and 1d in a BVDV-vaccinated open dairy herd. Acta Trop 2024; 254:107198. [PMID: 38531427 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection has a significant economic impact on beef and dairy industries worldwide. Fetal infection with a non-cytopathic strain may lead to the birth of persistently infected (PI) offspring, which is the main event in the epidemiological chain of BVDV infection. This report describes the birth of 99 BVDV-PI heifer calves within 52 days of birth in a regular BVDV-vaccinated Brazilian dairy cattle herd and the subgenotypes of the infecting field strains. This study was conducted in a high-yielding open dairy cattle herd that frequently acquired heifers from neighboring areas for replacement. The farm monitors the birth of PI calves by screening all calves born using an ELISA (IDEXX) for BVDV antigen detection. All calves aged 1-7 days were evaluated. For positive and suspected results, the ELISA was repeated when the calves were close to one month old. A total of 294 heifer calves were evaluated between February and March 2021. Of these, 99 (33.7 %) had positive ELISA results and were considered PI calves. To evaluate the predominant BVDV species and subgenotypes in this outbreak, whole blood samples were collected from 31 calves born during the study period. All samples were submitted to the RT-PCR assay for the partial amplification of the BVDV 5'-UTR region, and these amplicons were subjected to nucleotide sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis identified BVDV-1b and BVDV-1d in 16 and 13 heifer calves, respectively. In two calves, it was not possible to determine the BVDV-1 subgenotype. Detection of PI animals and monitoring of circulating BVDV subgenotype strains are central to disease control. This study shows that regular BVDV vaccination alone may be insufficient to prevent BVDV infection in high-yielding open dairy cattle herds. Other biosecurity measures must be adopted to avoid the purchase of cattle with acute infections by BVDV or BVDV-PI, which can cause a break in the health profile of the herd and economic losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Torres Tomazi Fritzen
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Natalia Zaparoli Zucoloto
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elis Lorenzetti
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Paraná, Brazil; Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT-LEITE), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
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3
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Wernike K, Pfaff F, Beer M. "Fading out" - genomic epidemiology of the last persistently infected BVDV cattle in Germany. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1339248. [PMID: 38239751 PMCID: PMC10794585 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1339248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most important cattle pathogens worldwide, causing major economic losses and animal welfare issues. Disease eradication programs have been implemented in several countries, including Germany where an obligatory nationwide control program is in force since 2011. As molecular epidemiology has become an essential tool to understand the transmission dynamics and evolution of BVDV, 5' untranslated region (UTR) sequences are generated from viruses present in persistently infected animals since the beginning of the BVDV control program. Here, we report the results of the sequence-based subtyping of BVDV strains found from 2018 through 2022 in calves born in Germany. In 2018, 2019 and 2020, BVDV-1d and-1b were the dominant subtypes and cases were spread throughout the area that was not yet officially declared BVDV-free at that time. In addition, BVDV-1a, -1e, -1f and -1h could rarely be detected. From 2021 onwards, subtype 1d clearly took over the dominance, while the other subtypes could be gradually nearly eliminated from the cattle population. The eradication success not only results in a drastic reduction of cases, but also in a marked reduction of strain diversity. Interestingly, before vaccination has been banned in regions and farms with a disease-free status, two live-vaccine virus strains were repeatedly detected in ear tissue samples of newborn calves (n = 14) whose mothers were immunized during gestation. The field-virus sequences are an important basis for molecular tracing and identification of potential relationships between the last outbreaks in the final phase of the German BVDV eradication program, thereby supporting classic epidemiological investigations. Furthermore, the monitoring of the composition of virus subtypes in the cattle population helps to maintain effective diagnostic methods and control measures and is an early warning system for the introduction of new pestiviruses in the naïve cattle population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Wernike
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
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HoBi-like Pestivirus Is Highly Prevalent in Cattle Herds in the Amazon Region (Northern Brazil). Viruses 2023; 15:v15020453. [PMID: 36851667 PMCID: PMC9965828 DOI: 10.3390/v15020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pestiviruses are globally distributed and cause substantial economic losses to the cattle industry. In Brazil, the country with the world's largest cattle population, pestivirus infections are well described in some regions, such as in the south, where a high frequency of BVDV-2 is described and contrasts with the high prevalence of HoBi-like pestivirus (HoBiPeV) in the northeast. However, there is a lack of information about pestiviruses in the Amazon Region, in northern Brazil, with a cattle population estimated at 55.7 million head, which has a significant impact on the international livestock market. Therefore, this study investigated the seroprevalence and genetic variability of ruminant pestiviruses in 944 bovine serum samples from four states in northern Brazil: Pará (PA), Amapá (AP), Roraima (RR), and Amazonas (AM). Our results showed that 45.4% of the samples were seropositive (19.8% for BVDV-1, 14.1% for BVDV-2, and 20.9% for HoBiPeV). All samples were tested by RT-qPCR, and three were positive and classified as HoBiPeV in a phylogenetic analysis. These serological and molecular results contrast with those from other regions of the world, suggesting that the northern Brazilian states have a high prevalence of all bovine pestiviruses including HoBiPeV.
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Dorsch MA, Francia ME, Tana LR, González FC, Cabrera A, Calleros L, Sanguinetti M, Barcellos M, Zarantonelli L, Ciuffo C, Maya L, Castells M, Mirazo S, da Silva Silveira C, Rabaza A, Caffarena RD, Doncel Díaz B, Aráoz V, Matto C, Armendano JI, Salada S, Fraga M, Fierro S, Giannitti F. Diagnostic Investigation of 100 Cases of Abortion in Sheep in Uruguay: 2015–2021. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:904786. [PMID: 35664842 PMCID: PMC9161216 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.904786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to identify causes of abortion through laboratory investigations in sheep flocks in Uruguay. One hundred cases of abortion, comprising 58 fetuses, 36 fetuses with their placentas, and 6 placentas were investigated in 2015–2021. Cases were subjected to gross and microscopic pathologic examinations, and microbiological and serological testing for the identification of causes of abortion, including protozoal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. An etiologic diagnosis was determined in 46 (46%) cases, including 33 (33%) cases caused by infectious pathogens, as determined by the detection of a pathogen along with the identification of fetoplacental lesions attributable to the detected pathogen. Twenty-seven cases (27%) were caused by Toxoplasma gondii, 5 (5%) by Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus, and 1 (1%) by an unidentified species of Campylobacter. Fourteen cases (14%) had inflammatory and/or necrotizing fetoplacental lesions compatible with an infectious etiology. Although the cause for these lesions was not clearly identified, T. gondii was detected in 4 of these cases, opportunistic bacteria (Bacillus licheniformis, Streptococcus sp.) were isolated in 2 cases, and bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 subtype i (BVDV-1i) was detected in another. Campylobacter jejuni was identified in 1 (1%) severely autolyzed, mummified fetus. BVDV-2b was identified incidentally in one fetus with an etiologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Microscopic agglutination test revealed antibodies against ≥1 Leptospira serovars in 15/63 (23.8%) fetuses; however, Leptospira was not identified by a combination of qPCR, culture, fluorescent antibody testing nor immunohistochemistry. Neospora caninum, Chlamydia abortus, Chlamydia pecorum, Coxiella burnetii and border disease virus were not detected in any of the analyzed cases. Death was attributed to dystocia in 13 (13%) fetuses delivered by 8 sheep, mostly from one highly prolific flock. Congenital malformations including inferior prognathism, a focal hepatic cyst, and enterohepatic agenesis were identified in one fetus each, the latter being the only one considered incompatible with postnatal life. Toxoplasmosis, campylobacteriosis and dystocia were the main identified causes of fetal losses. Despite the relatively low overall success rate in establishing an etiologic diagnosis, a systematic laboratory workup in cases of abortion is of value to identify their causes and enables zoonotic pathogens surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías A. Dorsch
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - María E. Francia
- Laboratorio de Biología de Apicomplejos, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Parasitología y Micología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leandro R. Tana
- Laboratorio de Biología de Apicomplejos, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana C. González
- Laboratorio de Biología de Apicomplejos, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Hospedero-Patógeno, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad de Microbiología, Departamento de Patobiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Calleros
- Sección de Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Margarita Sanguinetti
- Sección de Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Maila Barcellos
- Sección de Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leticia Zarantonelli
- Unidad Mixta Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo e Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (UMPI), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Camila Ciuffo
- Unidad Mixta Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo e Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (UMPI), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leticia Maya
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Salto, Uruguay
| | - Matías Castells
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Centro Universitario Regional (CENUR) Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República, Salto, Uruguay
| | - Santiago Mirazo
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Bacteriología y Virología, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Caroline da Silva Silveira
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Ana Rabaza
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Rubén D. Caffarena
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
- Unidad Académica Salud de los Rumiantes, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Benjamín Doncel Díaz
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Patología Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Virginia Aráoz
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Carolina Matto
- Laboratorio Regional Noroeste, División de Laboratorios Veterinarios (DILAVE) Miguel C. Rubino, Ministerio de Ganadería, Agricultura y Pesca (MGAP), Paysandú, Uruguay
| | - Joaquín I. Armendano
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Argentina
| | - Sofía Salada
- Secretariado Uruguayo de la Lana (SUL), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Martín Fraga
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Sergio Fierro
- Secretariado Uruguayo de la Lana (SUL), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Federico Giannitti
- Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
- *Correspondence: Federico Giannitti
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Temporal analysis of bovine pestivirus diversity in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1675-1682. [PMID: 35349125 PMCID: PMC9433493 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of cattle pestiviruses (BVDV-1, 2 and HoBiPeV) originating in Brazil were used to investigate the temporal diversification of subgenotypes in the country. Inferred dated phylogeny and time of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) demonstrated that some BVDV subgenotypes (1a, 1b, 1d, 1e, and 2b) and HoBi-like sequences clustered according to the region in which they were collected and that the diversification of subgenotypes appears to have occurred around the introduction of first Bos taurus and then Bos indicus, followed by expansion to form the adapted Brazilian breeds. The present results help to elucidate the temporal facts that led to diversification of ruminant pestiviruses in cattle in Brazil.
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Barreto JVP, Lorenzetti E, Fritzen JTT, Jardim ADM, Oliveira TES, Headley SA, Alfieri AA, da Cunha Filho LFC. Congenital Neurological Disease Associated With HoBi-like Pestivirus Infection in a Newborn Dairy Calf From Brazil. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:852965. [PMID: 35400086 PMCID: PMC8987716 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.852965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HoBi-like pestivirus (HoBiPeV) has been reported in several biological samples from cattle worldwide, but there are no descriptions of this virus associated with neurological symptoms. This report described the first occurrence of neurological disease associated with HoBiPeV in a newborn dairy calf. A mixed-breed Holstein calf had severe neurological symptoms at birth and died at 21 days old. The tissue fragments (central nervous system (CNS), myocardium, liver, kidney, lung, intestine, and spleen) were submitted to reverse transcription (RT)–PCR assay for the partial 5'-untranslated region (5'UTR) and N-terminal autoprotease (Npro) gene of the pestivirus genome, and the CNS tissue fragments were submitted to histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. The RT–PCR assay indicated that the kidney, CNS, and intestinal tissue fragments were positive for the pestivirus 5'UTR, and the CNS and intestinal tissue fragments were positive for the pestivirus Npro gene. Amplicons with high DNA quantification in the 5'UTR (CNS—cerebral cortex) and Npro (CNS—cerebral cortex and intestine) RT–PCR assays were sequenced. The nucleotide (nt) sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the 5'UTR strain exhibited 93.6 to 99.4%, 85%, 89.4 to 89.9%, 85.1%, and 90.5 to 91.5% nt identity with HoBiPeV strains from clades a, b, c, d, and e, respectively. The Npro amplicons showed 99.7% nt identity to each other and 90.4 to 96.5%, 85.1 to 85.3%, 79.2 to 79.7%, and 85.8 to 86.5% nt identity with HoBiPeV strains from clades a, c, d, and e, respectively. A histopathology revealed neuronal necrosis at the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. An immunohistochemical assay designed to identify antigens of bovine viral diarrhea virus revealed positive intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity within neurons at the cerebral cortex, cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord. Thus, this report provides information about the first identification of HoBiPeV in tissues of the CNS in a newborn dairy calf with neurological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Victor Pronievicz Barreto
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Department of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Elis Lorenzetti
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Department of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Juliana Torres Tomazi Fritzen
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Melo Jardim
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Department of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Brazil
| | - Thalita Evani Silva Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Selwyn Arlington Headley
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Department of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, Dairy Production Chain (INCT-Leite), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, Dairy Production Chain (INCT-Leite), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
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de Oliveira Freitas C, de Oliveira PSB, Monteiro FL, Noll JCG, Silva Júnior JVJ, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Sequence analysis of the DA domain of glycoprotein E2 of pestiviruses isolated from beef cattle in Southern Brazil. Arch Virol 2021; 166:1163-1170. [PMID: 33554289 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The envelope glycoprotein E2 of pestiviruses is a major target for neutralizing antibodies. In this study, we analyzed the E2 DA domain of 43 pestiviruses from Southern Brazil. The isolates were identified as Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) subtypes 1a and 1b or BVDV-2b. Compared to reference strains, the BVDV-1 and -2 isolates had four and two mutations in the DA domain, respectively. All BVDV-2 isolates had a deletion of residues 724 and 725. All mutated amino acids in the BVDV isolates had the same aa substitution, and all were in previously identified antibody binding sites. It is possible that an immunity-mediated selection is acting on the pestiviruses circulating in Southern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de Oliveira Freitas
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pablo Sebastian Britto de Oliveira
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francielle Liz Monteiro
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Caroline Gomes Noll
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Diel Laboratory, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rudi Weiblen
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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