1
|
Iglesias-Martínez-Almeida M, Campos-Ríos A, Freiría-Martínez L, Rivera-Baltanás T, Rodrígues-Amorím D, Diz-Chaves Y, Comis-Tuche M, Fernández-Palleiro P, Rodríguez-Jamardo C, Ramos-García S, Rodríguez-Tébar A, Del Carmen Vallejo-Curto M, Campos-Pérez JA, López-García M, de Las Heras E, García-Caballero A, Olivares JM, Lamas JA, Spuch C. Characterization and modulation of voltage-gated potassium channels in human lymphocytes in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024; 270:260-272. [PMID: 38944972 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that the immune system is dysregulated in schizophrenia, having a state similar to chronic neuroinflammation. The origin of this process is unknown, but it is known that T and B lymphocytes, which are components of the adaptive immune system, play an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms of schizophrenia. METHODS We analysed the membrane of PBMCs from patients diagnosed with schizophrenia through proteomic analysis (n = 5 schizophrenia and n = 5 control). We found the presence of the Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channel and its auxiliary subunit β1 (KCNAB1) and β2 (KCNAB2). From a sample of 90 participants, we carried out a study on lymphocytes with whole-cell patch-clamp experiments (n = 7 schizophrenia and n = 5 control), western blot (n = 40 schizophrenia and n = 40 control) and confocal microscopy to evaluate the presence and function of different channels. Kv in both cells. RESULTS We demonstrated the overexpression of Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Kv1.6, Kv4.2, Kv4.3 and Kv7.2 channels in PBMCs from patients with schizophrenia. This study represents a groundbreaking exploration, as it involves an electrophysiological analysis performed on T and B lymphocytes from patients diagnosed of schizophrenia compared to healthy participants. We observed that B lymphocytes exhibited an increase in output current along with greater peak current amplitude and voltage conductance curves among patients with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS This study showed the importance of the B lymphocyte in schizophrenia. We know that the immune system is altered in schizophrenia, but the physiological mechanisms of this system are not very well known. We suggest that the B lymphocyte may be relevant in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and that it should be investigated in more depth, opening a new field of knowledge and possibilities for new treatments combining antipsychotics and immunomodulators. The limitation is that all participants received antipsychotic medication, which may have influenced the differences observed between patients and controls. This implies that more studies need to be done where the groups can be separated according to the antipsychotic drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Iglesias-Martínez-Almeida
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Ana Campos-Ríos
- Laboratory of neuroscience, University of Vigo, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Vigo, Spain; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Luis Freiría-Martínez
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Rodrígues-Amorím
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | | | - María Comis-Tuche
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Palleiro
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cynthia Rodríguez-Jamardo
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Silvia Ramos-García
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Jose Antonio Campos-Pérez
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta López-García
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elena de Las Heras
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Alejandro García-Caballero
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jose M Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Lamas
- Laboratory of neuroscience, University of Vigo, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Vigo, Spain; Laboratory of Neuroscience, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos Spuch
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kang M, Mun SY, Zhuang W, Park M, Jeong J, Park H, Jung WK, Choi IW, Na S, Park WS. Inhibition of voltage-gated potassium channel by aripiprazole in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 973:176610. [PMID: 38663541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Aripiprazole, a third-generation antipsychotic, has been widely used to treat schizophrenia. In this study, we evaluated the effect of aripiprazole on voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells using the patch clamp technique. Aripiprazole reduced the Kv current in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.89 ± 0.20 μM and a Hill coefficient of 1.30 ± 0.25. The inhibitory effect of aripiprazole on Kv channels was voltage-dependent, and an additional aripiprazole-induced decrease in the Kv current was observed in the voltage range of full channel activation. The decay rate of Kv channel inactivation was accelerated by aripiprazole. Aripiprazole shifted the steady-state activation curve to the right and the inactivation curve to the left. Application of a repetitive train of pulses (1 and 2 Hz) promoted inhibition of the Kv current by aripiprazole. Furthermore, the recovery time constant from inactivation increased in the presence of aripiprazole. Pretreatment of Kv1.5 subtype inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of aripiprazole. However, pretreatment with Kv 7 and Kv2.1 subtype inhibitors did not change the degree of aripiprazole-induced inhibition of the Kv current. We conclude that aripiprazole inhibits Kv channels in a concentration-, voltage-, time-, and use (state)-dependent manner by affecting the gating properties of the channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Wenwen Zhuang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Junsu Jeong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hongzoo Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Urology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 48516, South Korea
| | - Sunghun Na
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhuang W, Mun SY, Park M, Jeong J, Kim HR, Park H, Han ET, Han JH, Chun W, Li H, Park WS. Second-generation antipsychotic quetiapine blocks voltage-dependent potassium channels in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38797990 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels play an important role in restoring the membrane potential to its resting state, thereby maintaining vascular tone. In this study, native smooth muscle cells from rabbit coronary arteries were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent, on Kv channels. Quetiapine showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of Kv channels, with an IC50 of 47.98 ± 9.46 μM. Although quetiapine (50 μM) did not alter the steady-state activation curve, it caused a negative shift in the steady-state inactivation curve. The application of 1 and 2 Hz train steps in the presence of quetiapine significantly increased the inhibition of Kv current. Moreover, the recovery time constants from inactivation were prolonged in the presence of quetiapine, suggesting that its inhibitory action on Kv channels is use (state)-dependent. The inhibitory effects of quetiapine were not significantly affected by pretreatment with Kv1.5, Kv2.1, and Kv7 subtype inhibitors. Based on these findings, we conclude that quetiapine inhibits Kv channels in both a concentration- and use (state)-dependent manner. Given the physiological significance of Kv channels, caution is advised in the use of quetiapine as an antipsychotic due to its potential side effects on cardiovascular Kv channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhuang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Junsu Jeong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Kim
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hongzoo Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Urology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hongliang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment for Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhuang W, Mun SY, Park M, Jeong J, Kim HR, Na S, Lee SJ, Park H, Park WS. Inhibition of voltage-dependent K + channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells by the atypical antipsychotic agent sertindole. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:391-399. [PMID: 37786982 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of membrane potential and the contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) potassium channels are well-established. In this study, native VSMCs from rabbit coronary arteries were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of sertindole, an atypical antipsychotic agent, on Kv channels. Sertindole induced dose-dependent inhibition of Kv channels, with an IC50 of 3.13 ± 0.72 μM. Although sertindole did not cause a change in the steady-state activation curve, it did lead to a negative shift in the steady-state inactivation curve. The application of 1- or 2-Hz train pulses failed to alter the sertindole-induced inhibition of Kv channels, suggesting use-independent effects of the drug. The inhibitory response to sertindole was significantly diminished by pretreatment with a Kv1.5 inhibitor but not by Kv2.1 and Kv7 subtype inhibitors. These findings demonstrate the sertindole dose-dependent and use-independent inhibition of vascular Kv channels (mainly the Kv1.5 subtype) through a mechanism that involves altering steady-state inactivation curves. Therefore, the use of sertindole as an antipsychotic drug may have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhuang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Junsu Jeong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Kim
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sunghun Na
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Lee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hongzoo Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Urology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mun SY, Zhuang W, Park M, Jeong J, Na SH, Lee SJ, Jung WK, Choi IW, Park H, Park WS. Inhibition of voltage-dependent K + currents of rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells by the atypical antipsychotic paliperidone. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1926-1933. [PMID: 37551856 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Paliperidone, an atypical antipsychotic, is widely used to treat schizophrenia. In this study, we explored whether paliperidone inhibited the voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels of rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Paliperidone reduced Kv channel activity in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of 16.58 ± 3.03 μM and a Hill coefficient of 0.60 ± 0.04. It did not significantly shift the steady-state activation or inactivation curves, suggesting that the drug did not affect the gating properties of Kv channels. In the presence of paliperidone, the application of 20 repetitive depolarizing pulses at 1 and 2 Hz gradually increased the inhibition of the Kv current. Further, the recovery time constant after Kv channel inactivation was increased by paliperidone, indicating that it inhibited the Kv channel in a use (state)-dependent manner. Its inhibitory effects were reduced by pretreatment with a Kv1.5 subtype inhibitor. However, pretreatment with a Kv2.1 or Kv7 inhibitor did not reduce its inhibitory effect. We conclude that paliperidone inhibits Kv channels (mainly Kv1.5 subtype channels) in a concentration- and use (state)-dependent manner without changing channel gating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Wenwen Zhuang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Junsu Jeong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sung Hun Na
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Lee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hongzoo Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Urology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhuang W, Mun SY, Park M, Jeong J, Park H, Na S, Lee SJ, Jung WK, Choi IW, Li H, Park WS. Lurasidone blocks the voltage-gated potassium channels of coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176005. [PMID: 37611842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Lurasidone is a second-generation antipsychotic drug used to treat schizophrenia, mania, and bipolar disorder. The drug is an antagonist of the 5-HT2A and D2 receptors. No effect of lurasidone on the voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels has yet been identified. Here, we show that lurasidone inhibits the vascular Kv channels of rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 1.88 ± 0.21 μM and a Hill coefficient of 0.98 ± 0.09. Although lurasidone (3 μM) did not affect the activation kinetics, the drug negatively shifted the inactivation curve, suggesting that the drug interacted with the voltage sensors of Kv channels. Application of 1 or 2 Hz train steps in the presence of lurasidone significantly increased Kv current inhibition. The recovery time after channel inactivation increased in the presence of lurasidone. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of lurasidone is use (state)-dependent. Pretreatment with a Kv 1.5 subtype inhibitor effectively reduced the inhibitory effect of lurasidone. However, the inhibitory effect on Kv channels did not markedly change after pretreatment with a Kv 2.1 or a Kv7 subtype inhibitor. In summary, lurasidone inhibits vascular Kv channels (primarily the Kv1.5 subtype) in a concentration- and use (state)-dependent manner by shifting the steady-state inactivation curve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhuang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Junsu Jeong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hongzoo Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Urology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Sunghun Na
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Lee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 48516, South Korea
| | - Hongliang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment for Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seo MS, Kang M, An JR, Heo R, Jung WK, Choi IW, Han ET, Han JH, Chun W, Park WS. Asenapine, an atypical antipsychotic, blocks voltage-gated potassium channels in rabbit coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 934:175318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Kang M, An JR, Li H, Zhuang W, Heo R, Park S, Mun SY, Park M, Seo MS, Han ET, Han JH, Chun W, Park WS. Blockade of voltage-dependent K+ channels by benztropine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitor, in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Toxicol Sci 2022; 189:260-267. [PMID: 35944222 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor inhibitor benztropine on voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Benztropine inhibited Kv currents in a concentration-dependent manner, with an apparent IC50 value of 6.11 ± 0.80 μM and Hill coefficient of 0.62 ± 0.03. Benztropine shifted the steady-state activation curves toward a more positive potential, and the steady-state inactivation curves toward a more negative potential, suggesting that benztropine inhibited Kv channels by affecting the channel voltage sensor. Train pulse (1 or 2 Hz)-induced Kv currents were effectively reduced by the benztropine treatment. Furthermore, recovery time constants of Kv current inactivation increased significantly in response to benztropine. These results suggest that benztropine inhibited vascular Kv channels in a use (state)-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of benztropine was canceled by pretreatment with the Kv 1.5 inhibitor, but there was no obvious change after pretreatment with Kv 2.1 or Kv7 inhibitors. In conclusion, benztropine inhibited the Kv current in a concentration- and use (state)-dependent manner. Inhibition of the Kv channels by benztropine primarily involved the Kv1.5 subtype. Restrictions are required when using benztropine to patients with vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kang
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jin Ryeol An
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hongliang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Jiangsu Key laboratory of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for prevention and treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Wenwen Zhuang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Jiangsu Key laboratory of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for prevention and treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Ryeon Heo
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seojin Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Mi Seon Seo
- Department of Physiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kang M, Heo R, Park S, Mun SY, Park M, Han ET, Han JH, Chun W, Ha KS, Park H, Jung WK, Choi IW, Park WS. Inhibitory effects of the atypical antipsychotic, clozapine, on voltage-dependent K + channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:277-285. [PMID: 35766005 PMCID: PMC9247706 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.4.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the adverse effects of clozapine on cardiovascular ion channels, we examined the inhibitory effect of clozapine on voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. Clozapine-induced inhibition of Kv channels occurred in a concentration-dependent manner with an half-inhibitory concentration value of 7.84 ± 4.86 µM and a Hill coefficient of 0.47 ± 0.06. Clozapine did not shift the steady-state activation or inactivation curves, suggesting that it inhibited Kv channels regardless of gating properties. Application of train pulses (1 and 2 Hz) progressively augmented the clozapine-induced inhibition of Kv channels in the presence of the drug. Furthermore, the recovery time constant from inactivation was increased in the presence of clozapine, suggesting that clozapine-induced inhibition of Kv channels is use (state)-dependent. Pretreatment of a Kv1.5 subtype inhibitor decreased the Kv current amplitudes, but additional application of clozapine did not further inhibit the Kv current. Pretreatment with Kv2.1 or Kv7 subtype inhibitors partially blocked the inhibitory effect of clozapine. Based on these results, we conclude that clozapine inhibits arterial Kv channels in a concentrationand use (state)-dependent manner. Kv1.5 is the major subtype involved in clozapine-induced inhibition of Kv channels, and Kv2.1 and Kv7 subtypes are partially involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ryeon Heo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seojin Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Mun
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Minju Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hongzoo Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Urology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 48516, Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The vascular hypothesis of schizophrenia (SZ) postulates that brain endothelial dysfunction contributes to brain pathophysiology. This review discusses recent evidence for and against this hypothesis, including data related to blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain endothelium, and brain blood supply, to provide a critical weighed update. RECENT FINDINGS Different studies report a consistent proportion of SZ patients showing increased BBB permeability, reflected by higher levels of albumin in the cerebral spinal fluid. Of note, this was not a result of antipsychotic medication. The high inflammatory profile observed in some SZ patients is strongly associated with increased BBB permeability to circulating immune cells, and with more severe cognitive deficiencies. Also, sex was found to interact with BBB integrity and permeability in SZ. The strongest independent genetic association with SZ has been identified in FZD1, a hypoxia-response gene that is 600-fold higher expressed in early development endothelium as compared to adult brain endothelium. Regarding brain blood supply, there is evidence to suggest alterations in proper brain perfusion in SZ. Nonetheless, ex-vivo experiments suggested that widely used antipsychotics favor vasoconstriction; thus, alterations in cerebral perfusion might be related to the patients' medication. SUMMARY In some patients with SZ, a vulnerable brain endothelium may be interacting with environmental stressors, such as inflammation or hypoxia, converging into a more severe SZ symptomatology. Gene expression and performance of human brain endothelium could vary along with development and the establishment of the BBB; therefore, we encourage to investigate its possible contribution to SZ considering this dynamic context.
Collapse
|