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Abstract
The multiple therapeutic potentials of tetracycline and its worldwide usage have encouraged researchers to develop various methods for its assay in various matrices and for different purposes. In this regard, different analytical techniques have been exploited. Among those techniques is flow injection (FI), which is an extended family of three generations and five versions. The current manuscript reviews the utilization of FI techniques for developing assay methods for tetracycline. The review covers more than forty methods, since the inception of FI techniques and up to date. The review highlights the advantages of the application of FI techniques for quantification of tetracycline in terms of reagent consumption, sample frequency, accuracy, and practitioner safety, besides instrumentation simplicity and cost-effectiveness. The review also addresses applications to several matrices ranging from simple matrices such as standard solutions and pharmaceutical formulations to complex matrices such as biological fluids and food. Prior to the review, a brief background on the principles and developments of FI techniques is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed D Y Oteef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Wang H, Han S. Determination of Genistein by Flow-injection Chemiluminescence Method Based on Ferricyanide Oxidation Sensitized by Rhodamine 6G. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Le T, Yu H, Zhao Z, Wei W. Development of a Monoclonal Antibody-Based ELISA for the Detection of Oxytetracycline and 4-Epi-Oxytetracycline Residues in Chicken Tissues. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2011.644739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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4
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Anastasopoulos P, Timotheou-Potamia M. Chemiluminescence Determination of Tetracyclines via Aluminum Sensitized Fluorescence. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.500759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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LIU L, LI J, LI Q. Application and Equivalence Assessment for Determining Ethamsylate by Using Potassium Ferricyanide as Spectroscopic Probe Reagent. ANAL SCI 2010; 26:1163-7. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.26.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Litao LIU
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University
| | - Jing LI
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University
| | - Quanmin LI
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University
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Guo L, Zhang Y, Li Q. Spectrophotometric determination of perphenazine with the detection system of potassium ferricyanide-Fe(III) in pharmaceutical and serum samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 74:307-311. [PMID: 19586796 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel spectrophotometric method has been established to determine perphenazine using the detection system of potassium ferricyanide-Fe(III). In the presence of potassium ferricyanide, it has been demonstrated that Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II) by perphenazine at pH 4.0. In addition, soluble prussian blue (KFe(III)[Fe(II)(CN)(6)]) is produced by the reaction between the in situ formed Fe(II) and potassium ferricyanide. The absorbance of soluble prussian blue is measured at the absorption maximum of 735 nm, and the amount of perphenazine can be calculated based on this absorbance. The absorbance is linear to perphenazine concentration in the ranges of 0.05-25.00 microg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9997, and the linear regression equation is A = 0.0069 + 0.1285C (microg/mL). The detection limit (3sigma/k) is 0.049 microg/mL, and the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) is 0.86% (n = 11). Moreover, the apparent molar absorption coefficient of indirect determination of perphenazine is 5.2 x 10(4) L/mol cm. The parameters with regard to determination are optimized, and the reaction mechanism is discussed. This method has been successfully applied to the determination of perphenazine in pharmaceutical and serum samples. Analytical results obtained with this novel assay are satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
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7
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Le T, Yu H, Guo Y, Ngom B, Shen Y, Bi D. Development of an indirect competitive ELISA for the detection of doxycycline residue in animal edible tissues. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100902849740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Sunaric SM, Mitic SS, Miletic GZ, Pavlovic AN, Naskovic-Djokic D. Determination of doxycycline in pharmaceuticals based on its degradation by Cu(II)/H2O2 reagent in aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934809030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhang H, Wu L, Li Q, Du X. Determination of isoniazid among pharmaceutical samples and the patients’ saliva samples by using potassium ferricyanide as spectroscopic probe reagent. Anal Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Capillary electrophoresis detection scheme for vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 based on the potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) chemiluminescence system. Mikrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-007-0842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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LI Z, Feng M, Lu J, Gong Z, Jiang H. Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Determination Of Tetracyclines. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719708006425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Liawruangrath S, Liawruangrath B, Watanesk S, Ruengsitagoon W. Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Tetracycline in a Pharmaceutical Preparation by Complexation with Aluminium(III). ANAL SCI 2006; 22:15-9. [PMID: 16429765 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.22.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A rapid flow injection (FI) spectrophotometric procedure for tetracycline determination is described. It is based on the injection of a 100 microl sample solution containing tetracycline into merged streams of aluminium(III) chloride (0.01 mol 1(-1)) and Tris-buffer in the presence of KCl (0.06 mol l(-1)), pH 7.0, with the same optimum flow rate of 3.2 ml min(-1). A yellow Al(III)-tetracycline complex was monitored at 376 nm. The flow injection system and the experimental conditions were optimized by means of the univariate method. The procedure was applied to the determination of tetracycline in pharmaceutical preparations with a high sampling rate of at least 165 h(-1). A high precision with a relative standard deviation was obtained less than 0.72 and 0.30% of 5.0 and 10 microg ml(-1) (n=11), respectively. The detection limit (3sigma) and the quantification limit (10sigma) were 0.07 and 0.72 mg l(-1), respectively. There were no interference effects from traditional excipients in the dosage forms when the method was applied to pharmaceutical preparations. The matrix effect could be reduced by the standard addition method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisunee Liawruangrath
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Guo L, Xie Z, Bian X, Lin X, Zhang W, Liu X, Chen G. Determination of oxytetracycline by flow injection with chemiluminescence detection. LUMINESCENCE 2005; 20:129-34. [PMID: 15924315 DOI: 10.1002/bio.827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A flow-injection chemiluminescent method for the determination of oxytetracycline was developed. The method is based on an enhancement by oxytetracycline of the chemiluminescence light emission of tris(2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium (II), generated by the continuous oxidation of tris(2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium (II) by cerium (IV) sulphate in sulphuric acid. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curve was linear over the range 1.0 x 10(-7)-1.0 x 10(-5) g/mL for oxytetracycline with the linear equation: DeltaINT = 148.77 x C + 0.6637 (R2 = 0.9994). The detection limit was 4.52 x 10(-8) g/mL. The proposed method was also successfully used to determine oxytetracycline in pharmaceutical formulations. The mean recovery of determination of oxytetracycline was 92.73%. A mechanism for the chemiluminescence enhancement by oxytetracycline of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)-ruthenium (II) and cerium (IV) sulphate system is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqia Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
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Wan GH, Cui H, Zheng HS, Zhou J, Liu LJ, Yu XF. Determination of tetracyclines residues in honey using high-performance liquid chromatography with potassium permanganate–sodium sulfite–β-cyclodextrin chemiluminescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 824:57-64. [PMID: 16009603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Revised: 06/15/2005] [Accepted: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel method was developed for the simultaneous determination of tetracycline antibiotic (TCA) residues such as oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), and metacycline (MTC) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with chemiluminescence (CL) detection. The procedure was based on the chemiluminescent enhancement by TCAs of the potassium permanganate-sodium sulfite-beta-cyclodextrin system in a phosphoric acid medium. The separation was carried out with an isocratic elution using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.001 M phosphoric acid. For the three TCAs, the detection limits at a signal-to-noise of 3 ranged from 0.9 to 5.0 ng/ml. The relative standard deviations for the determination of TCAs ranged from 3.1 to 7.4% within a day (n=11) and ranged from 2.2 to 8.6% in 3 days (n=9), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of TCA residues in honey samples. The possible mechanism of the CL reaction was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hui Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
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Townshend A, Ruengsitagoon W, Thongpoon C, Liawruangrath S. Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of tetracycline. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Pang YQ, Cui H, Zheng HS, Wan GH, Liu LJ, Yu XF. Flow injection analysis of tetracyclines using inhibited Ru(bpy)32+/tripropylamine electrochemiluminescence system. LUMINESCENCE 2005; 20:8-15. [PMID: 15685658 DOI: 10.1002/bio.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tetracyclines (TCs) were found to strongly inhibit the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from the Ru(bpy)3(2+)-tripropylamine system when a working Pt electrode was maintained at 1.05 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in pH 8.0 carbonate buffer solution. On this basis, a flow injection (FI) procedure with inhibited electrochemiluminescence detection has been developed for the determination of tetracycline (TC) and oxytetracycline (OTC). Under the optimized condition, the linear ranges of 2.0 x 10(-8)-1.0 x 10(-5) and 1.0 x 10(-8)-1.0 x 10(-5) g/mL and the detection limits of 4.0 x 10(-9) and 3.8 x 10(-9) g/mL were obtained for TC and OTC, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.68% and 1.18% for 5.0 x 10(-7) g/mL TC and OTC (n = 13), respectively. The method showed higher sensitivity than most of the reported methods. It was successfully applied to the determination of tetracycline in a Chinese proprietary medicine, Tetracyclini and Cortisone Eye Ointment, and the residues of tetracycline in honey products. The inhibition mechanism has been proposed due to an energy transfer between electrogenerated Ru(bpy)3(2+)* and benzoquinone derivatives at the electrode surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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Lv Y, Zhao R, Zhu Z, Xu X, Zhang X. A novel chemiluminescence method for the determination of orciprenaline based on ferricyanide-rhodamine 6G. LUMINESCENCE 2005; 20:298-302. [PMID: 16134198 DOI: 10.1002/bio.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel flow injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of orciprenaline was developed. The method is based on the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of orciprenaline with potassium ferricyanide in sodium hydroxide medium, sensitized by the fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G. The proposed procedure allows quantitation of orciprenaline in the concentration range 0.01-1.2 microg/mL, with a detection limit of 7.2 x 10(-3) microg/mL. The relative standard deviation (RSD) is 2.7% for 0.1 microg/mL orciprenaline (n = 9). The sampling frequency was calculated at approximately 120/h. The method was successfully applied to the determination of orciprenaline in pharmaceutical preparations. A brief discussion on the possible CL reaction mechanism is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lv
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences of the Education Ministry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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Jiang CQ, Zhang N. Enzyme-amplified lanthanide luminescence based on complexation reaction—a new technique for the determination of doxycycline. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 35:1301-6. [PMID: 15336376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Revised: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 04/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new spectrofluorimetric method is described for the determination of doxycycline, based on modified enzyme-amplified lanthanide luminescence. Under the optimum conditions, Eu(3+)-doxycycline forms a ternary complex with lysozyme in close proximity and lysozyme can remarkably enhance the characteristic fluorescence intensity of Eu(3+) at 612nm in doxycycline-Eu(3+) binary complex. The enhanced fluorescence intensity is in proportion to the concentration of doxycycline. The limit of detection is 1.28 x 10(-8) moll(-1), with a linear range from 1.7 x 10(-7) to 1.7 x 10(-6) moll(-1). Interferences of other coexisting substances were studied. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of doxycycline in serum, urine and real samples. The mechanism of fluorescence enhancement was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qiu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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Zhuang HS, Huang JL, Chen GN. Synthesis of a new biacridine and its use as the chemiluminescent probe for immunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lahuerta Zamora L, Fuster Mestre Y, Duart MJ, Antón Fos GM, García Doménech R, Gálvez Alvarez J, Martínez Calatayud J. Prediction of the chemiluminescent behavior of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Anal Chem 2001; 73:4301-6. [PMID: 11569823 DOI: 10.1021/ac010133i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present paper deals with the first attempt to apply molecular connectivity calculations to predict a chemical property with analytical usefulness: the chemiluminescent behavior of substances when reacted with common oxidants in a liquid phase. Preliminary evidence when searching for new direct CL methods consisted of the examination of analyte reaction with a wide range of oxidants and media. This task, which results in time-consuming and trial-and-error expensive procedures, is necessary due to ensure empirical or theoretical rules for CL prediction are available. On the other hand, in quantitative structure-activity relationship studies, molecular connectivity is a topological method capable of describing the structure of a molecule by means of numbers named indices; subsequent regression in relation to the experimental values of the physical, chemical, or biological properties yields a series of functions called connectivity functions. Discriminant analysis was applied to 200 either chemiluminescent or nonchemiluminescent substances found either bibliographically or in an experimental screening. The method used for the selection of descriptors was a stepwise linear discriminant analysis from the Snedecor F-parameter. The classification criterion used was the minimum value of Mahalanobis. The quality of the discriminant function was calculated through the Wilks U-statistical parameter. Finally, the function was applied to a database including of more than 50,000 structurally heterogeneous compounds. The theoretical predictions were faced with the empirical evidence obtained through a continuous-flow manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lahuerta Zamora
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
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Mestre YF, Zamora LL, Calatayud JM. Flow-chemiluminescence: a growing modality of pharmaceutical analysis. LUMINESCENCE 2001; 16:213-35. [PMID: 11400260 DOI: 10.1002/bio.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present article deals with a review of the applications of the chemiluminescence to pharmaceutical analyses by using continuous-flow assemblies. A comprehensive study on the fundamentals of the chemiluminescence is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Mestre
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 46113 - Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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Hsiao YM, Ko JL, Lo CC. Determination of tetracycline and streptomycin in mixed fungicide products by capillary zone electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:1669-74. [PMID: 11308308 DOI: 10.1021/jf0009192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A method of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was used to determine tetracycline and streptomycin content in commercial agriculture products. The results indicated that this method was capable of analyzing the mixed fungicide in formulated products with instrument detection limit (IDL) of 0.50 microg/mL and a method detection limit (MDL) of 0.52 microg/mL for tetracycline, and IDL of 1.00 microg/mL and MDL of 1.22 microg/mL for streptomycin. Precision expressed by relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 1.44 to 4.37% of tetracycline and 1.00 to 4.20% of streptomycin. Recoveries were in the region of 98.2-102.5% for tetracycline and 95.3--103.0% for streptomycin. The low detection limit, the low RSD values, and the high percentage of recovery confirmed that the CZE technique is a sensitive and selective method. And the CZE method can analyze both tetracycline and streptomycin at the same time without complicated extraction and further derivative reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Hsiao
- Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Number 11, Kuang Ming Road, Wufeng, Taichung Hsien, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chemiluminescence determination of tetracycline and oxytetracycline in pharmaceutical preparations using Ru (bipy)3 2+-cerium (IV) system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02828320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Papastathopoulos* DS. The Recent Status of Analytical Chemistry in Greece. ANAL LETT 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710008543088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Pena A, Palilis LP, Lino CM, Silveira M, Calokerinos AC. Determination of tetracycline and its major degradation products by chemiluminescence. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Li B, Zhang Z, Wu M. Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Gentamycin Using On-Line Electrogenerated Co(III) As the Oxidant. ANAL LETT 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710008543145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Alapont AG, Zamora LL, Calatayud JM. Indirect determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations by inhibition of the system luminol-H2O2-Fe(CN)3-(6) chemiluminescence. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 21:311-7. [PMID: 10703985 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
After a large drug scanning, the system Luminol-H2O2-Fe(CN)6(3-) is proposed for first time for the indirect determination of paracetamol. The method is based on the oxidation of paracetamol by hexacyanoferrate (III) and the subsequent inhibitory effect on the reaction between luminol and hydrogen peroxide. The procedure resulted in a linear calibration graph over the range 2.5-12.5 microg ml(-1) of paracetamol with a sample throughput of 87 samples h(-1). The influence of foreign compounds was studied and, the method was applied to determination of the drug in three different pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Alapont
- Departamento de Química, Colegio Universitario CEU San Pablo, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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HAN H, HE Z, ZENG Y. Chemiluminescence Determination of Tetracyclines Using a Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and Potassium Permanganate System. ANAL SCI 1999. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.15.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heyou HAN
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University
| | - Zhike HE
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University
| | - Yun’e ZENG
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University
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Baeyens WR, Schulman SG, Calokerinos AC, Zhao Y, García Campaña AM, Nakashima K, De Keukeleire D. Chemiluminescence-based detection: principles and analytical applications in flowing streams and in immunoassays. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1998; 17:941-53. [PMID: 9884186 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(98)00062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present paper provides the principles of chemiluminescence (CL) and its powerful applications in analytical chemistry, mainly in the area of flow injection analysis, column liquid chromatographic and capillary electrophoretic separating systems, and its potential in immunoassays. CL is light produced by a chemical reaction. The most common advantages of chemiluminescent reactions are the relatively simple instrumentation required, the very low detection limits and wide dynamic ranges, which have contributed to the interest of CL detection in flow injection analysis, high performance liquid chromatography, including miniaturized systems, and, most recently, the exploding area of capillary electrophoresis. The latter powerful microanalytical separation technique offers high numbers of theoretical plates and relatively short analysis times requiring only small sample volumes, the migrating system comprising aqueous buffer solutions. In non-isotopic immunoassays, covering a great variety of applications in human and veterinary medicine, forensic medicine, agriculture and food industry, the radioisotope is replaced by a fluorescence or chemiluminescent label. The use of CL as a detection principle permits quantitative determination of various compounds at low concentrations. Disadvantages of the CL-based technique may include lack of sufficient selectivity and sensitivity to various physicochemical factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Baeyens
- University of Ghent, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Belgium.
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Zhang ZD, Baeyens WR, Zhang XR, Van der Weken G. Chemiluminescence flow-injection analysis of captopril applying a sensitized rhodamine 6G method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1996; 14:939-45. [PMID: 8817998 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(95)01733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A flow-injection analysis with chemiluminescence detection is described for the determination of captopril based on the photochemical reaction with cerium(IV) in sulphuric acid medium yielding a strong chemiluminescent signal which can be sensitized by some fluorescers. The proposed procedure has a linear application range of 1 x 10(-6) - 2 x 10(-4) M (r = 0.997) with a detection limit of 2 x 10(-7) M, an RSD of 2.8% at 1 x 10(-6) M captopril, and a sample measurement frequency of 500 h-1. The method was used for the simple and rapid determination of captopril in a pharmaceutical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z D Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract
The phenomenon of chemiluminescence allows the development of simple analytical procedures using low cost instrumentation which can be easily controlled by computers. The sensitivity of the methods is excellent, and selectivity is improved by high-performance liquid chromatographic separation. A broad area of chemiluminometric applications is drug analysis, which is reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Calokerinos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Athens, Greece
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Xinrong Z, Baeyens WR, Van der Weken G, Calokerinos AC, Nakashima K. Chemiluminescence analysis of captopril: comparison between luminol and rhodamine B-sensitized cerium(IV) methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1995; 13:425-9. [PMID: 9696552 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(95)01294-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Two chemiluminescence methods for the determination of captopril are compared in the present paper. The first method is based on the reaction of captopril with the luminol-hydrogen peroxide-copper(II) system, the copper(II) ion acting as a key species in the light-emitting process. The catalytic activity of copper(II) decreases due to complex formation with the sulphhydrylic captopril analyte. Application of this indirect method allows captopril determinations in the 8.0-1.0 microM range as starting concentrations. Similarly, captopril was capable of generating chemiluminescence from acid cerium(IV) solutions, a reaction that could be analytically exploited by the inclusion of the rhodamine B fluorophore yielding a sensitized-type of chemiluminescence emission that allowed quantitation of captopril concentrations in the 0.1-6.0 microM range with a detection limit of 0.037 microM (original concentration). For both types of reaction the experimental conditions were optimized and a direct application was carried out on a commercial drug formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Xinrong
- University of Ghent, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Belgium
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Zhang X, Baeyens W, Van Der Weken G, Calokerinos A, Nakashima K. Chemiluminescence determination of captopril based on a Rhodamine B sensitized cerium(IV) method. Anal Chim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-2670(94)00485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tavares MF, McGuffin VL. Separation and characterization of tetracycline antibiotics by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(94)89014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Baeyens WRG, Ling BL, Imai K, Calokerinos AC, Schulman SG. Chemiluminescence detection in capillary electrophoresis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/mcs.1220060302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lewis SW, Price D, Worsfold PJ. Flow injection assays with chemiluminescence and bioluminescence detection--a review. JOURNAL OF BIOLUMINESCENCE AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE 1993; 8:183-99. [PMID: 8372703 DOI: 10.1002/bio.1170080402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews publications that combine the technique of flow injection (FI) with chemiluminescence (CL) and bioluminescence (BL) detection, from the earliest papers in 1979/80 to mid-1992, and refers exclusively to reactions occurring in solution. Air-segmented systems and liquid chromatography with CL detection are not considered unless FI has been used to pre-optimize the system. The applications have been categorized in terms of the type of CL reaction; there are separate entries for luminol, peroxyoxalate, other CL reactions and BL reactions. Each of the four sections includes a table of applications that lists the analyte, the nature of the reaction, the sample matrix and the limit of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lewis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK
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