1
|
Cui J, Tcherkez G. Potassium dependency of enzymes in plant primary metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:522-530. [PMID: 34174657 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potassium is a macroelement essential to many aspects of plant life, such as photosynthesis, phloem transport or cellular electrochemistry. Many enzymes in animals or microbes are known to be stimulated or activated by potassium (K+ ions). Several plant enzymes are also strictly K+-dependent, and this can be critical when plants are under K deficiency and thus intracellular K+ concentration is low. Although metabolic effects of low K conditions have been documented, there is presently no review focusing on roles of K+ for enzyme catalysis or activation in plants. In this mini-review, we compile the current knowledge on K+-requirement of plant enzymes and take advantage of structural data to present biochemical roles of K+. This information is instrumental to explain direct effects of low K+ content on metabolism and this is illustrated with recent metabolomics data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cui
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, 2601, Canberra, Australia
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, 2601, Canberra, Australia; Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRAe Angers, Université d'Angers, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49070, Beaucouzé, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Noro M, Bertinat R, Yañez A, Slebe J, Wittwer F. Non-protein nitrogen supplementation increases gluconeogenic capacity in sheep. Livest Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
3
|
Kiser PD, Lorimer GH, Palczewski K. Use of thallium to identify monovalent cation binding sites in GroEL. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2009; 65:967-71. [PMID: 19851000 PMCID: PMC2765879 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309109032928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
GroEL is a bacterial chaperone protein that assembles into a homotetradecameric complex exhibiting D(7) symmetry and utilizes the co-chaperone protein GroES and ATP hydrolysis to assist in the proper folding of a variety of cytosolic proteins. GroEL utilizes two metal cofactors, Mg(2+) and K(+), to bind and hydrolyze ATP. A K(+)-binding site has been proposed to be located next to the nucleotide-binding site, but the available structural data do not firmly support this conclusion. Moreover, more than one functionally significant K(+)-binding site may exist within GroEL. Because K(+) has important and complex effects on GroEL activity and is involved in both positive (intra-ring) and negative (inter-ring) cooperativity for ATP hydrolysis, it is important to determine the exact location of these cation-binding site(s) within GroEL. In this study, the K(+) mimetic Tl(+) was incorporated into GroEL crystals, a moderately redundant 3.94 A resolution X-ray diffraction data set was collected from a single crystal and the strong anomalous scattering signal from the thallium ion was used to identify monovalent cation-binding sites. The results confirmed the previously proposed placement of K(+) next to the nucleotide-binding site and also identified additional binding sites that may be important for GroEL function and cooperativity. These findings also demonstrate the general usefulness of Tl(+) for the identification of monovalent cation-binding sites in protein crystal structures, even when the quality and resolution of the diffraction data are relatively low.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tejwani GA. Regulation of fructose-bisphosphatase activity. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 54:121-94. [PMID: 6303063 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122990.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
5
|
Benkovic SJ, deMaine MM. Mechanism of action of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 53:45-82. [PMID: 6277165 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122983.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
6
|
Hines JK, Fromm HJ, Honzatko RB. Novel allosteric activation site in Escherichia coli fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:18386-93. [PMID: 16670087 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m602553200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) governs a key step in gluconeogenesis, the conversion of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into fructose 6-phosphate. In mammals, the enzyme is subject to metabolic regulation, but regulatory mechanisms of bacterial FBPases are not well understood. Presented here is the crystal structure (resolution, 1.45A) of recombinant FBPase from Escherichia coli, the first structure of a prokaryotic Type I FBPase. The E. coli enzyme is a homotetramer, but in a quaternary state between the canonical R- and T-states of porcine FBPase. Phe(15) and residues at the C-terminal side of the first alpha-helix (helix H1) occupy the AMP binding pocket. Residues at the N-terminal side of helix H1 hydrogen bond with sulfate ions buried at a subunit interface, which in porcine FBPase undergoes significant conformational change in response to allosteric effectors. Phosphoenolpyruvate and sulfate activate E. coli FBPase by at least 300%. Key residues that bind sulfate anions are conserved among many heterotrophic bacteria, but are absent in FBPases of organisms that employ fructose 2,6-bisphosphate as a regulator. These observations suggest a new mechanism of regulation in the FBPase enzyme family: anionic ligands, most likely phosphoenolpyruvate, bind to allosteric activator sites, which in turn stabilize a tetramer and a polypeptide fold that obstructs AMP binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin K Hines
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Chen Y, Xu G. Activation of spinach chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase by monovalent cations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1997; 1338:31-6. [PMID: 9074613 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(96)00185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Spinach chloroplast fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, like its counterparts from animal sources, can be activated by monovalent cations such as potassium and ammonium ions. The extents of activation are closely related to the pH values and the concentrations of magnesium ions. The activation effect is most prominent when the concentrations of magnesium ions are high enough to exert inhibitory side effect on the enzyme. Similar to the cases of enzymes from mammalian tissues, activation of the chloroplast enzyme by monovalent cations is, at least partially, due to overcoming of the inhibitory effect by the excess of magnesium ions. The enzyme can also be activated by low concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride, which probably involves a similar mechanism compared with that by monovalent cations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sträter N, Lipscomb WN, Klabunde T, Krebs B. Enzymatische Acyl- und Phosphoryltransferreaktionen unter Beteiligung von zwei Metallionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19961081804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
10
|
Villeret V, Huang S, Fromm HJ, Lipscomb WN. Crystallographic evidence for the action of potassium, thallium, and lithium ions on fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:8916-20. [PMID: 7568043 PMCID: PMC41078 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.19.8916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (Fru-1,6-Pase; D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.11) requires two divalent metal ions to hydrolyze alpha-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. Although not required for catalysis, monovalent cations modify the enzyme activity; K+ and Tl+ ions are activators, whereas Li+ ions are inhibitors. Their mechanisms of action are still unknown. We report here crystallographic structures of pig kidney Fru-1,6-Pase complexed with K+, Tl+, or both Tl+ and Li+. In the T form Fru-1,6-Pase complexed with the substrate analogue 2,5-anhydro-D-glucitol 1,6-bisphosphate (AhG-1,6-P2) and Tl+ or K+ ions, three Tl+ or K+ binding sites are found. Site 1 is defined by Glu-97, Asp-118, Asp-121, Glu-280, and a 1-phosphate oxygen of AhG-1,6-P2; site 2 is defined by Glu-97, Glu-98, Asp-118, and Leu-120. Finally, site 3 is defined by Arg-276, Glu-280, and the 1-phosphate group of AhG-1,6-P2. The Tl+ or K+ ions at sites 1 and 2 are very close to the positions previously identified for the divalent metal ions. Site 3 is specific to K+ or Tl+. In the divalent metal ion complexes, site 3 is occupied by the guanidinium group of Arg-276. These observations suggest that Tl+ or K+ ions can substitute for Arg-276 in the active site and polarize the 1-phosphate group, thus facilitating nucleophilic attack on the phosphorus center. In the T form complexed with both Tl+ and Li+ ions, Li+ replaces Tl+ at metal site 1. Inhibition by lithium very likely occurs as it binds to this site, thus retarding turnover or phosphate release. The present study provides a structural basis for a similar mechanism of inhibition for inositol monophosphatase, one of the potential targets of lithium ions in the treatment of manic depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Villeret
- Gibbs Chemical Laboratory Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang R, Chen L, Villeret V, Fromm HJ. Glycine 122 is essential for cooperativity and binding of Mg2+ to porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:54-8. [PMID: 7814419 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.1.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Site-directed mutagenesis of an amino acid residue in the substrate binding site of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase was carried out based on the crystal structure of the enzyme (Zhang, Y., Liang, J.-Y., Huang, S., Ke, H., and Lipscomb, W. N. (1993) Biochemistry 32, 1844-1857). A mutant enzyme form of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, G122A, was purified and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism spectrometry (CD), and initial rate kinetics. There were no discernible differences between the secondary structures of the wild-type and the mutant enzyme on the basis of CD data. Altering Gly-122 to alanine caused a significant decrease in the enzyme's activity and affinity for Mg2+. The kcat for this mutant enzyme was only about 5% of that of wild-type fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and the Ka for Mg2+ was about 20-fold higher than that of the wild-type enzyme. The Ki for AMP was increased 77-fold in the case of the mutant enzyme; however, the Hill coefficient was unaltered. Most importantly, it was observed that replacement of Gly-122 with alanine caused the total loss of cooperativity for Mg2+. It is concluded that Gly-122 is essential for Mg2+ cooperativity and important for binding of Mg2+ and AMP as well as for enzyme activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nel W, Terblanche SE. Plant fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases: characteristics and properties. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1992; 24:1267-83. [PMID: 1322844 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(92)90201-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this minireview the properties and characteristics of plant fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases (D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1-phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.11) are discussed. The properties and characteristics of the chloroplastic and cytoplasmic forms of the enzyme are reviewed. For purposes of comparison some reference is made to fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases from other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Nel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zululand, Private Bag, Republic of South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Adams A, Redden C, Menahem S. Characterization of human fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in control and deficient tissues. J Inherit Metab Dis 1990; 13:829-48. [PMID: 1964188 DOI: 10.1007/bf01800207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory properties of human liver and muscle fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases (FBPase) have been studied in control tissues obtained at autopsy and in tissues from a neonate with FBPase deficiency who died as a result of an overwhelming acidosis. Evidence is presented which suggests that the alkaline isoenzyme of FBPase, which is widely regarded as a laboratory artefact, may have an important role in vivo in the regulation and control of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. FBPase exhibits the hysteretic and dissociative properties associated with regulatory enzymes, and many of the factors which effect FBPase have inverse effects on phosphofructokinase activity, thus providing an integrated regulatory cycle for the control of the direction and rate of flux through the glycolytic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Adams
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hubert E, Ojeda A, Reyes A, Slebe JC. Potassium activation and its relationship to a highly reactive cysteine residue in fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1986; 250:336-44. [PMID: 3022647 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(86)90735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The specific chemical modification by sodium cyanate of highly reactive cysteine residues at pH 7.5 in pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase results in the reversible loss of activation of the enzyme by monovalent cations. No loss of activation by potassium ions occurs when modification is carried out in the presence of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. The effect of Mg2+ on native and cyanate-modified enzyme activities implicates the above cysteine residue as being directly linked to the inhibition by both the divalent cation and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. Incorporation of [14C]cyanate to the enzyme shows that the blockage of two reactive residues per tetramer is sufficient to eliminate the activation of the enzyme by K+.
Collapse
|
15
|
Han GY, Wang YH, McBay HC, Johnson J, Han PF. Immobilization of chicken liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase on CNBr-activated Sepharose. EXPERIENTIA 1985; 41:1149-51. [PMID: 2995114 DOI: 10.1007/bf01951702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chicken liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is readily immobilized on CNBr-activated Sepharose. The immobilization alters some enzymatic properties. They include broader pH activity curve, loss of activation by K+ or NH+4, increased resistance to inactivation by trypsin, decreased sensitivity to AMP inhibition, and loss of cooperative interaction among AMP-binding sites. The immobilized enzyme retains about 38% or 19% of the specific activity of the native enzyme when the activity is measured in the absence or presence of K+, respectively.
Collapse
|
16
|
Reyes A, Hubert E, Slebe JC. The reactive cysteine residue of pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is related to a fructose 2,6-bisphosphate allosteric site. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1985; 127:373-9. [PMID: 2983717 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(85)80169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Modification of a highly reactive cysteine residue of pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase with N-ethylmaleimide results in the loss of activation of the enzyme by monovalent cations. Low concentrations of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate or high (inhibitory) levels of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate protect the enzyme against the loss of monovalent cation activation, while non-inhibitory concentrations of the substrate gave partial protection. The allosteric inhibitor AMP markedly increases the reactivity of the cysteine residue. The results indicate that fructose 2,6-bisphosphate can protect the enzyme against the loss of potassium activation by binding to an allosteric site. High levels of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate probably inhibit the enzyme by binding to this allosteric site.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mörikofer-Zwez S. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in rat liver cytosol: interactions between the effects of K+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate as measured in a steady-state assay. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 223:572-83. [PMID: 6305284 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activity was determined in rat liver cytosols using glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as primary substrate. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate was formed in situ and steady-state concentrations ranging from 1 to 30 microM were observed depending on the activity of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and the concentration of added glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. The system was free of contaminating low-molecular-weight compounds, divalent cations, and chelators. Under these conditions, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase was inhibited by K+ (less than or equal to 200 mM). This inhibition was due to a reduction of V and was observed in presence of low (0.4 mM) and high (5 mM) concentrations of Mg2+. In presence of 0.4 mM Mg2+, 1 microM Zn2+ inhibited fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by 50%; the same effect was obtained with 0.3 microM Zn2+ when the system was supplemented with 100 mM KCl. On the other hand, 0.2 microM Zn2+ enhanced the inhibitory effect of K+ and decreased the concentration of K+ yielding half-maximal inhibition from 175 to 100 mM when measured at 0.4 mM Mg2+. The effect of Zn2+ on the inhibition by K+ could be abolished by Mn2+ (less than 5 microM) or by 5 mM Mg2+. One hundred millimolar K+ enhanced the inhibition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and changed the type of inhibition from mainly competitive to a mixed-type inhibition (increase of Km, decrease of V). Mn2+ (less than 10 microM) reduced the effect of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, especially in the presence of K+. It is proposed that K+ and Mn2+ may play a role in the regulation of gluconeogenesis.
Collapse
|
18
|
MacGregor JS, Hannappel E, Xu GJ, Pontremoli S, Horecker BL. Conservation of primary structure at the proteinase-sensitive site of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatases. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 217:652-64. [PMID: 6291465 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
19
|
Marcus F, Rittenhouse J, Chatterjee T, Hosey MM. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from rat liver. Methods Enzymol 1982; 90 Pt E:352-7. [PMID: 6296610 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(82)90155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Pilkis S, El-Maghrabi M, McGrane M, Pilkis J, Claus T. The role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in regulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68427-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
22
|
Vita A, Kido H, Pontremoli S, Horecker BL. Inhibition of rabbit liver fructose 1,6-biphosphatase by AMP: effect of temperature and physiological concentrations of cations and anions. Arch Biochem Biophys 1981; 209:598-605. [PMID: 6271061 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(81)90318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
23
|
Singh VN, MacGregor JS, Pontremoli S, Horecker BL. Inhibition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by excess substrate and its reversal by monovalent cations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 94:1140-4. [PMID: 6249299 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)90538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
24
|
Marcus F, Hosey M. Purification and properties of liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase from C57BL/KsJ normal and diabetic mice. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
25
|
Maccioni RB, Hubert E, Slebe JC. Selective modification of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by periodate-oxidized AMP. FEBS Lett 1979; 102:29-32. [PMID: 222616 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
26
|
Fujita Y, Freese E. Purification and properties of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase of Bacillus subtilis. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
27
|
|
28
|
Annamalai AE, Tsolas O, Horecker BL. Crystalline fructose 1,6-bisposphatase from chicken breast muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 1977; 183:48-56. [PMID: 20849 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(77)90417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
29
|
Rosenmann E, González AM, Hein S, Marcus F. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase: purification and some properties. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 58:291-5. [PMID: 45527 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(77)90204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
1. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase from the white muscle tissue of the carp, Cyprinus carpio L. was purified. 2. The mol. wt of the enzyme was 145,000. Its subunit mol. wt was ca. 35,000. 3. The enzyme exhibited neutral pH optimum, activation by monovalent cations, and temperature-dependent allosteric AMP inhibition. 4. Carp muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase was 10- to 30-fold more sensitive to AMP inhibition than the carp liver enzyme. 5. The carp muscle enzyme was less sensitive to AMP inhibition than the muscle enzyme from a homeothermic mammal. These results are interpreted as an example of temperature-adaptation of an enzyme regulatory property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Rosenmann
- Instituto de Bioquimica, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tejwani GA, Pedrosa FO, Pontremoli S, Horecker BL. The purification of properties of rat liver fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1976; 177:253-64. [PMID: 11750 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(76)90435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
31
|
Size-dependent allosteric effects of monovalent cations on rabbit liver fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)33298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
32
|
|
33
|
Orengo A, Patenia DM. Exploitable molecular mechanisms in hibernation—I. Liver diphosphofructose phosphatase of the rat and hamster: A comparison. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-0491(76)80003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
34
|
Nimmo HG, Tipton KF. The allosteric properties of beef-liver fructose bisphosphatase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 58:575-85. [PMID: 171160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb02408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The activity of beef liver fructose bisphosphatase has been shown to respond cooperatively to increasing concentrations of the activating cations Mg2+ and Mn2+. The allosteric inhibitor AMP caused an increase in this cooperativity and a decrease in the apparent affinity of the enzyme for the activating cation. 2. The cooperative response of the enzyme to AMP is similarly increased by increasing cation concentrations with a concomitant decrease in the apparent affinity. 3. Direct binding experiments indicated that in the absence of either Mg2+ or Mn2+ the enzyme bound AMP non-cooperatively up to a maximum of two molecules per molecule of enzyme, a result that is indicative of half-sites reactivity. The binding became increasingly cooperative as the concentration of the activating cation was increased. 4. The substrate fructose bisphosphate had no effect on any of these cooperative responses. 5. These results may be most simply interpreted in terms of concerted model in which the activating cation functions both as an allosteric activator and as an essential cofactor for the reaction.
Collapse
|
35
|
Nimmo HG, Tipton KF. The effect of pH on the kinetics of beef-liver fructose bisphosphatase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 58:567-74. [PMID: 241647 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb02407.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1. The kinetics of the reaction catalysed by fructose bisphosphatase have been studied at pH 7.2 and at pH 9.5. The activity of the enzyme was shown to respond sigmoidally to increasing concentrations of free Mg2+ or Mn2+ ions at pH 7.2, whereas the dependence was hyperbolic at pH 9.5. At both pH values the enzyme responded hyperbolically to increasing concentrations of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, although inhibition was observed at higher concentrations of this substrate. This high substrate inhibition was shown to be partial in nature and the enzyme was found to be more sensitive at pH 7.2 than at pH 9.5. 2. The properties of the enzyme, are consistent with the enzyme obeying either a random-order equilibrium mechanism or a compulsory-order steady-state mechanism in which fructose bisphosphate binds to the enzyme before the cation. 3. Reaction of the enzyme with a four-fold molar excess of p-chloromercuribenzoate caused activation of the enzyme when its activity was assayed in the presence of MN2+ ions but inhibition when Mg2+ ions were used. Higher concentrations of p-chloromercuribenzoate caused inhibition. This activation at low p-chloromercuribenzoate concentrations, and the reaction of 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoate) with the four thiol groups in the enzyme that reacted rapidly with this reagent, were prevented or slowed by the presence of inhibitory, but not non-inhibitory, concentrations of fructose bisphosphate. After reaction with a four-fold molar excess of p-chloromercuribenzoate the enzyme was no longer sensitive to high substrate inhibition by fructose bisphosphate.
Collapse
|
36
|
Kinetic and binding studies of Mn (II) and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate with rabbit liver hexosebisphosphatase. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
37
|
Storey KB, Baldwin J, Hochachka PW. Squid muscle fructose diphosphatase and its role in the control of F6P-FDP cycling. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 52:165-8. [PMID: 241560 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(75)90134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
38
|
Gonzalez F, Gonzalez AM, Marcus F. Fish liver fructose 1,6-diphosphatase. II. "Neutral" and "alkaline" forms. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1974; 48:67-73. [PMID: 4364856 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(74)90043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
39
|
|
40
|
|
41
|
|
42
|
|
43
|
|
44
|
Springgate CF, Stachow CS. Fructose 1,6-diphosphatase from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. I. Purification and properties. Arch Biochem Biophys 1972; 152:1-12. [PMID: 4342108 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
45
|
Black WJ, Van Tol A, Fernando J, Horecker BL. Isolation of ahighly active fructose diphosphatase from rabit muscle: its subunit structure and activation by monovalent cations. Arch Biochem Biophys 1972; 151:576-90. [PMID: 4339936 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
46
|
Colombo G, Hubert E, Marcus F. Selective alteration of the regulatory properties of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase by modification with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Biochemistry 1972; 11:1798-803. [PMID: 4337193 DOI: 10.1021/bi00760a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
47
|
Hochacka PW. The functional significance of variants of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase in the gill and hypodermis of a marine crustacean. A kinetic study. Biochem J 1972; 127:781-93. [PMID: 4342496 PMCID: PMC1178788 DOI: 10.1042/bj1270781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1. In the hypodermis and gill of the Crustacea fructose 1,6-diphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) functions at a primary branch point between glycogen and chitin synthesis. In these tissues of the Arctic king-crab, Paralithodes camtchatica, fructose diphosphatase occurs in two electrophoretically distinguishable forms. 2. Fructose diphosphatase I (pI7.2-7.5) accounts for 70 and 10% of total fructose diphosphatase activity in the hypodermis and gill respectively, whereas fructose diphosphatase II (pI5.3) accounts for 30 and 90% of the total activity in the two tissues. Both forms display a neutral pH optimum, have an absolute requirement for a bivalent cation, and are potently inhibited by high concentrations of AMP and substrate. 3. Fructose 1,6-diphosphate saturation follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics for both fructose diphosphatases; the K(m) (fructose diphosphate) for fructose diphosphatase I is somewhat higher than for fructose diphosphatase II. In the presence of 50-200mm-K(+), the K(m) (fructose diphosphate) increases and at high concentrations of K(+) fructose diphosphate saturation follows sigmoidal kinetics. 4. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and UDP-glucose at high concentrations specifically and potently inhibit fructose diphosphatase II, but do not significantly affect fructose diphosphatase I activity. 5. Low concentrations of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine activate fructose diphosphatase II by a decrease in the apparent K(m) (fructose diphosphate), but fructose diphosphatase I is again refractory to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine under these conditions. 6. In the presence of K(+) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, fructose diphosphatase II is able to compete for limiting fructose diphosphate about three times more effectively than is fructose diphosphatase I. 7. AMP inhibition of both forms of the enzyme is subject to three independent variables: (a) alkaline pH increases the K(i) (AMP), (b) K(+) decreases the K(i), increases the sigmoidicity of inhibition kinetics, increases the maximum inhibition attained, and abolishes the effect of pH on AMP inhibition, and (c) Mg(2+) strongly de-inhibits AMP-inhibited fructose diphosphatase. 8. It is postulated that the presence of two forms of fructose diphosphatase aids controlled channelling of carbon through the fructose diphosphatase ;bottleneck' either towards glycogen synthesis or chitin synthesis, but not towards both simultaneously.
Collapse
|
48
|
Nakashima K, Horecker BL. Modification of the catalytic properties of rabbit liver fructose diphosphatase by a particulate fraction from liver. Arch Biochem Biophys 1971; 146:153-60. [PMID: 4335481 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9861(71)80051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
49
|
Behrisch HW. Temperature and the regulation of enzyme activity in poikilotherms. Regulatory properties of fructose diphosphatase from muscle of the Alaskan king-crab. Biochem J 1971; 121:399-409. [PMID: 4330377 PMCID: PMC1176586 DOI: 10.1042/bj1210399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
1. The properties of fructose diphosphatase from skeletal muscle of the Alaskan king-crab (Paralithodes camtschatica) were examined over the physiological temperature range of the animal. 2. King-crab muscle fructose diphosphatase is first activated by Na(+) and NH(4) (+) and is then partially inhibited by these cations at concentrations higher than 10mm at 0 degrees , 8 degrees and 15 degrees C. Enzyme activity is stimulated by K(+) at 0 degrees C, but is curtailed at 8 degrees C and 15 degrees C, an effect that could render rate independent of temperature. 3. Affinity for substrate increases with decreasing temperature; below the temperature of acclimatization, K(m) for fructose 1,6-diphosphate increases, resulting in a complex U-shaped temperature-K(m) curve. 4. King-crab muscle fructose diphosphatase is inhibited by low concentrations of AMP. As with enzymes of other poikilotherms, inhibition by AMP is sensitive to temperature; the enzyme is least sensitive to inhibition by AMP near the temperature of acclimatization. 5. The affinity of fructose diphosphatase for fructose 1,6-diphosphate is enhanced by phosphoenolpyruvate, and this activation is temperature-sensitive; 0.5mm-phosphoenolpyruvate causes a sevenfold decrease in K(m) for fructose 1,6-diphosphate at 15 degrees C but a 25-fold decrease at 0 degrees C. 6. Phosphoenolpyruvate appears to decrease the affinity of king-crab muscle fructose diphosphatase for AMP at low temperature, whereas at the higher temperature it appears to enhance inhibition by AMP. Phosphoenolpyruvate was not observed to cause a reversal of inhibition of fructose diphosphatase activity by AMP. The identification of phosphoenolpyruvate as an activator of a rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis permits the suggestion of a coupling of the controlling mechanisms of several steps in the glycolytic and gluconeogenic chains. 7. These findings suggest mechanisms for the maintenance and regulation of control of fructose diphosphatase activity in king-crab skeletal muscle at low temperature and under conditions that favour concomitant activity of phosphofructokinase.
Collapse
|