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Mezhenska OA, Aleshin VA, Kaehne T, Artiukhov AV, Bunik VI. Regulation of Malate Dehydrogenases and Glutamate Dehydrogenase of Mammalian Brain by Thiamine in vitro and in vivo. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:27-39. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Kostiuk MA, Corvi MM, Keller BO, Plummer G, Prescher JA, Hangauer MJ, Bertozzi CR, Rajaiah G, Falck JR, Berthiaume LG. Identification of palmitoylated mitochondrial proteins using a bio-orthogonal azido-palmitate analogue. FASEB J 2007; 22:721-32. [PMID: 17971398 PMCID: PMC2860959 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-9199com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of circulating saturated free fatty acids, such as palmitate, have been implicated in the etiology of type II diabetes and cancer. In addition to being a constituent of glycerolipids and a source of energy, palmitate also covalently attaches to numerous cellular proteins via a process named palmitoylation. Recognized for its roles in membrane tethering, cellular signaling, and protein trafficking, palmitoylation is also emerging as a potential regulator of metabolism. Indeed, we showed previously that the acylation of two mitochondrial proteins at their active site cysteine residues result in their inhibition. Herein, we sought to identify other palmitoylated proteins in mitochondria using a nonradioactive bio-orthogonal azido-palmitate analog that can be selectively derivatized with various tagged triarylphosphines. Our results show that, like palmitate, incorporation of azido-palmitate occurred on mitochondrial proteins via thioester bonds at sites that could be competed out by palmitoyl-CoA. Using this method, we identified 21 putative palmitoylated proteins in the rat liver mitochondrial matrix, a compartment not recognized for its content in palmitoylated proteins, and confirmed the palmitoylation of newly identified mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase. We postulate that covalent modification and perhaps inhibition of various mitochondrial enzymes by palmitoyl-CoA could lead to the metabolic impairments found in obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris A Kostiuk
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
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3
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Svedruzić ZM, Spivey HO. Interaction between mammalian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase from heart and muscle. Proteins 2006; 63:501-11. [PMID: 16444750 DOI: 10.1002/prot.20862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The exceptionally high protein concentration in living cells can favor functional protein-protein interactions that can be difficult to detect with purified proteins. In this study we describe specific interactions between mammalian D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes from heart and muscle. We use poly(ethylene-glycol) (PEG)-induced coprecipitation and native agarose electrophoresis as two independent methods uniquely suited to mimic some of the conditions that can favor protein-protein interaction in living cells. We found that GAPDH interacts with heart or muscle isozymes of LDH with approximately one-to-one stoichiometry. The interaction is specific; GAPDH shows interaction with two LDH isozymes that have very different net charge and solubility in PEG solution, while no interaction is observed with GAPDH from other species, other NAD(H) dehydrogenases, or other proteins that have very similar net charge and molecular mass. Analytical ultracentrifugation showed that the LDH and GAPDH complex is insoluble in PEG solution. The interaction is abolished by saturation with NADH, but not by saturation with NAD(+) in correlation with GAPDH solubility in PEG solution. The crystal structures show that GAPDH and LDH isozymes share complementary size, shape, and electric potential surrounding the active sites. The presented results suggest that GAPDH and LDH have a functional interaction that can affect NAD(+)/NADH metabolism and glycolysis in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeljko M Svedruzić
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 B Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA.
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Glutamate-malate metabolism in liver mitochondria. A model constructed on the basis of mitochondrial levels of enzymes, specificity, dissociation constants, and stoichiometry of hetero-enzyme complexes. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Berry MN, Phillips JW, Grivell AR. Interactions between mitochondria and cytoplasm in isolated hepatocytes. CURRENT TOPICS IN CELLULAR REGULATION 1992; 33:309-28. [PMID: 1499339 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152833-1.50023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Results from a wide variety of metabolic studies have provided indirect support for conclusions derived from enzymological approaches that the enzymes of the so-called soluble cytoplasm (and the mitochondrial matrix) exist within the cell and function in the form of multienzyme complexes and that metabolite channeling takes place between the enzymes of each complex. Our studies support the possibility that the enzymes of glycolysis in liver are segregated from those of gluconeogenesis. Thus, the segregation and aggregation of Krebs cycle enzymes in the mitochondrial matrix, elucidated by Paul Srere, may be an example of a general pattern of enzyme organization pertaining to all metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Berry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide
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6
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Interactions among mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, and the inner mitochondrial membrane from heart, hepatoma, and liver. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)45399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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7
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Beeckmans S, Van Driessche E, Kanarek L. The visualization by affinity electrophoresis of a specific association between the consecutive citric acid cycle enzymes fumarase and malate dehydrogenase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 183:449-54. [PMID: 2759092 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is growing that the citric acid cycle, like many other metabolic pathways, might exist in vivo as a more or less tightly organized multi-enzyme cluster. The term 'metabolon' [Robinson, J. B. & Srere, P. A. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 10800-10805] was recently introduced to describe such a complex of sequential metabolic enzymes. We adopted the technique of affinity electrophoresis for the study of interactions between the cycle enzymes fumarase and malate dehydrogenase. This approach offers several advantages over our previously described affinity chromatographic technique [Beeckmans, S. & Kanarek, L. (1981) Eur. J. Biochem. 117, 527-535], one of which is the fact that the interaction can be directly visualized. The observed association is specific since both metabolically unrelated proteins and the cytoplasmic isoenzyme of malate dehydrogenase do not interact with fumarase. Several metabolites (citrate, isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, malate, oxaloacetate, Pi, AMP, ADP, NAD+, NADH) were found not to affect the association between fumarase and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase. Both ATP, Mg2+ -ATP and GTP disrupt the association when they are present at 1 mM concentrations. Lower non-physiological ATP concentrations do not, however, disturb the interaction. The presence of 1 mM ADP was found to abolish the disrupting effect of 1 mM ATP. The latter findings are suggestive of an interruption of the citric acid cycle at the level of fumarase under conditions of high energy load (i.e. high ATP/ADP ratios).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beeckmans
- Laboratorium voor Chemie der Proteinen, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
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Fahien LA, MacDonald MJ, Teller JK, Fibich B, Fahien CM. Kinetic Advantages of Hetero-Enzyme Complexes with Glutamate Dehydrogenase and the α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)63859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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9
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Romestant M, Jerebzoff S, Noaillac-Depeyre J, Gas N, Dargent R. Aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes in Leptosphaeria michotii. Properties and intracellular location. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 180:153-9. [PMID: 2707258 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two forms of aspartate aminotransferase were obtained from the fungus Leptosphaeria michotii and purified to a state of apparent homogeneity by a five-step purification procedure ending with blue Ultrogel chromatography. Holoenzyme specific activities were 13430 and 9110 nkat oxalacetate/mg protein-1 and isoelectric points were 7.1 and 7.0 for forms A and B, respectively. Both isoenzymes were isologous dimers of Mr 92,000. They differed mainly in their Km for 2-oxoglutarate and aspartate, their ability to use cysteine sulfinate as a substrate and their ability in vitro to be specifically tightly associated as follows: form A with a malate dehydrogenase monomer of Mr 25,000; form B with an unidentified protein of Mr 40,000-44,000. Rabbit antiserum raised against the form A holoenzyme was not reactive against the form B holoenzyme and vice versa. Association of the holoenzyme with the complex essentially provoked a shift of the isoelectric point to 5.8 for form B [corrected] and to 5.2 for form B, without affecting kinetic parameters. In order to localize in situ the two transaminase forms, ultrastructural detection was carried out by immunogold staining of thin sections of Lowicryl-K4M-embedded colonies. Antiserum against form A essentially labelled cytoplasm and cell wall and, to some extent, mitochondria, while antiserum against form B heavily labelled mitochondria and cell wall and to a lesser extent cytoplasm. Moreover, mitochondria were isolated and purified by Percoll-density-gradient centrifugation. Only form A was identified in this subcellular fraction using ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romestant
- Centre de Physiologie Végétale et Unité associée 241 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université P. Sabatier de Toulouse, France
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Keleti T, Ovádi J, Batke J. Kinetic and physico-chemical analysis of enzyme complexes and their possible role in the control of metabolism. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1989; 53:105-52. [PMID: 2692072 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6107(89)90016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Regulation of malate dehydrogenase activity by glutamate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and multienzyme interaction. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)38026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Keleti T, Ovádi J. Control of metabolism by dynamic macromolecular interactions. CURRENT TOPICS IN CELLULAR REGULATION 1988; 29:1-33. [PMID: 3293924 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152829-4.50003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Keleti
- Institute of Enzymology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
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Hensley P. Ligand binding and multienzyme complex formation between ornithine carbamoyltransferase and arginase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. CURRENT TOPICS IN CELLULAR REGULATION 1988; 29:35-75. [PMID: 3293928 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152829-4.50004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Hensley
- Department of Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20007
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Dzik JM. The relationship between the rate of glutamate deamination and long-chain acyl-CoA accumulation in kidney cortex mitochondria of rabbit. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1987; 19:285-8. [PMID: 3595979 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(87)90033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of long-chain acyl-CoA on glutamate dehydrogenase activity was studied in uncoupled rabbit kidney cortex mitochondria incubated with glutamate and palmitoylcarnitine in the presence of arsenite. The mitochondrial long-chain acyl-CoA (about 2 nmol/mg of protein) accumulated in the presence of arsenite resulted in an inhibition of ammonia production from 4.1 to 1.2 nmol/min per mg of protein. Leucine and ADP, activators of glutamate dehydrogenase, did not release the inhibitory effect of long-chain acyl-CoA on glutamate deamination. In view of the presented data it seems that inhibitory effect of long-chain acyl-CoA on glutamate dehydrogenase activity may have a physiological significance.
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McEvily AJ, Harrison JH. Subunit equilibria of porcine heart citrate synthase. Effects of enzyme concentration, pH, and substrates. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)35828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Srivastava DK, Bernhard SA. Enzyme-enzyme interactions and the regulation of metabolic reaction pathways. CURRENT TOPICS IN CELLULAR REGULATION 1986; 28:1-68. [PMID: 3539532 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152828-7.50003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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McEvily AJ, Flint AJ, Harrison JH. Concomitant purification of three porcine heart mitochondrial enzymes: citrate synthase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malate dehydrogenase. Anal Biochem 1985; 144:159-64. [PMID: 3985311 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(85)90098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial enzymes citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase were purified to homogeneity from porcine hearts by use of Bio-Rex 70, carboxymethylcellulose CM32, and Affi-Gel blue chromatography. This procedure provides relatively rapid, large-scale preparation of the three enzymes based on their differential binding to commercially available cation-exchange resins followed by a final affinity chromatography step.
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Binding of the enzymes of fatty acid beta-oxidation and some related enzymes to pig heart inner mitochondrial membrane. J Biol Chem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)47216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Beeckmans S. Some structural and regulatory aspects of citrate synthase. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1984; 16:341-51. [PMID: 6370751 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(84)90131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Porpáczy Z, Sümegi B, Alkonyi I. Association between the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and succinate thiokinase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1983; 749:172-9. [PMID: 6652097 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(83)90249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic parameters of the individual reaction of pig heart alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, succinate thiokinase and the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex-succinate thiokinase coupled system were studied. The KCoAm of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and the K-succinyl CoAm of succinate thiokinase decreased in the coupled system when compared to those of the individual enzyme reactions. This phenomenon can be explained by the interaction between the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and succinate thiokinase. By means of poly(ethylene glycol) precipitation, ultracentrifugation and gel chromatography we were able to detect a physical interaction between the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and succinate thiokinase. Of the seven investigated proteins only succinate thiokinase showed association with alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. On the other hand, succinate thiokinase did not associate with other high molecular weight mitochondrial enzymes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and glutamate dehydrogenase. On this basis, the interaction between succinate thiokinase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex was assumed to be specific. These in vitro data raise the possibility that a portion of the citric acid cycle enzymes exists as a large multienzyme complex in the mitochondrial matrix.
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Fitzpatrick SM, Cooper AJ, Duffy TE. Use of beta-methylene-D,L-aspartate to assess the role of aspartate aminotransferase in cerebral oxidative metabolism. J Neurochem 1983; 41:1370-83. [PMID: 6619872 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb00835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Several inhibitors of aspartate aminotransferase, a key enzyme of the malate-aspartate shuttle, were investigated for their effects on cerebral oxidative metabolism in vitro. beta-Methylene-D,L-aspartate (2 mM), aminooxyacetate (0.1 mM), and D,L-vinylglycine (20 mM) all significantly reduced the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and the rate of oxygen consumption of rat cerebral cortex slices respiring on glucose. In the presence of beta-methyleneaspartate, a one-to-one correlation was found between the degree of inhibition of tissue respiration and the degree of inhibition of transaminase activity. Slices of rat liver incubated in the presence of glucose and beta-methyleneaspartate showed a similar one-to-one relationship between inhibition of oxygen comsumption and inhibition of aspartate aminotransferase activity, whereas with rat kidney cortex slices, the inhibition of aspartate aminotransferase activity was greater than the inhibition of oxygen consumption. Structural analogs of beta-methyleneaspartate (D,L-beta-methyl-D,L-aspartate, gamma-methyl-D,L-glutamate, and alpha-methyl-D,L-didehydroglutamate) that did not inhibit the activity of aspartate aminotransferase similarly did not inhibit the rate of oxygen consumption by cerebral cortex slices. In the presence of beta-methyleneaspartate, pyruvate oxidation by cerebral cortex slices was inhibited to almost the same extent as was glucose oxidation, and the oxidation of succinate was decreased by approximately 20%. The artificial electron acceptor phenazine methosulfate (0.1 mM) only partially overcame the beta-methyleneaspartate-mediated inhibition of respiration with glucose as substrate. The content of ATP and phosphocreatine declined steadily in slices incubated with glucose and beta-methyleneaspartate. At 1 h the concentration of lactate and the lactate/pyruvate ratio, an indicator of the cytoplasmic redox state, increased threefold, whereas the concentrations of malate, citrate, and aspartate decreased. The findings are interpreted in the context of the hypothesis that enzymes common to the malate-aspartate shuttle and the tricarboxylic acid cycle are physically complexed in brain, so that inhibition of aspartate aminotransferase, a component of the complex, impedes the flow of carbon through both metabolic pathways.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Fahien LA, Kmiotek E. Complexes between mitochondrial enzymes and either citrate synthase or glutamate dehydrogenase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 220:386-97. [PMID: 6824331 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Experiments performed in polyethylene glycol and with a divalent crosslinker indicate that both mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase can form hetero enzyme--enzyme complexes with either glutamate dehydrogenase or citrate synthase. In general, these as previous results indicate that complexes with the aminotransferase are favored over those with malate dehydrogenase and complexes with glutamate dehydrogenase are favored over those with citrate synthase. When the levels of enzymes are low, the only detectable complex is between the aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase. Under these conditions, palmitoyl-CoA is required for complexes between the other three enzyme pairs, however, palmitoyl-CoA also enhances interactions between glutamate dehydrogenase and the aminotransferase. DPNH disrupts complexes with malate dehydrogenase and has little effect on those with the aminotransferase, while oxalacetate disrupts complexes with citrate synthase but has little effect on those with glutamate dehydrogenase. The citrate synthase-aminotransferase complex was favored in the presence of DPNH plus malate, which disrupt the other three enzyme-enzyme complexes. Glutamate dehydrogenase has a higher affinity and capacity than citrate synthase for palmitoyl-CoA. Consequently, lower levels of palmitoyl-CoA are required to enhance interactions with glutamate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, glutamate dehydrogenase can compete with citrate synthase for palmitoyl-CoA and thus can prevent palmitoyl-CoA from enhancing interactions between citrate synthase and either malate dehydrogenase or the aminotransferase.
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Mullinax TR, Mock JN, McEvily AJ, Harrison JH. Regulation of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase. Evidence for an allosteric citrate-binding site. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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26
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Beeckmans S, Kanarek L. Demonstration of physical interactions between consecutive enzymes of the citric acid cycle and of the aspartate-malate shuttle. A study involving fumarase, malate dehydrogenase, citrate synthesis and aspartate aminotransferase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1981; 117:527-35. [PMID: 7285903 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb06369.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
By means of covalently immobilized fumarase and mitochondrial or cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase we were able to detect physical interactions between different enzymes of the citric acid cycle (fumarase with malate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase with citrate synthase and fumarase with citrate synthase) and between the enzymes of both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic halves of the aspartate-malate shuttle (aspartate amino-transferase and malate dehydrogenase). The interactions between fumarase and malate dehydrogenase were also investigated by immobilizing one enzyme indirectly through antibodies bound to Sepharose-protein A. Our results are consistent with a model in which maximally four molecules of malate dehydrogenase are bound to one fumarase molecule. This complex is able to bind either citrate synthase or aspartate aminotransferase. We propose that these enzymes bind alternatively, in order to allow the cell to perform citric acid cycle or shuttle reactions, according to its needs. The physiological meaning and implications on the regulation of metabolism of the existence of a large citric acid cycle/malate-aspartate shuttle multienzyme complex are discussed.
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Fahien LA, Kmiotek E, Kajiwara K. Effect of malate on glutamate dehydrogenase and complexes between glutamate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1981; 209:143-51. [PMID: 7283433 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(81)90266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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29
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Masters CJ. Interactions between soluble enzymes and subcellular structure. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY 1981; 11:105-43. [PMID: 7030618 DOI: 10.3109/10409238109108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Soluble enzymes contribute significantly to the metabolic capabilities of living organisms, but it is becoming increasingly clear that the activities of these enzymes are significantly modified by their interactions with structural components of the cells, and that these interactions may make important contributions to metabolic regulation. In the past, specification of these interactions has been limited by the availability of suitable experimental techniques, but this deficiency is now being rectified and our understanding of these processes if advancing rapidly. Research in this area is moving into a second phase, with the emphasis no longer being focused on demonstrations of the biological reality of these interactions, but directed more towards quantitative aspects of binding, the determination of the characteristics of binding domains, and the theoretical basis of regulatory involvements. All of these aspects are discussed in the present review.
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Webster KA, Freeman KB, Ohki S. Hydrophobic interaction between the monomer of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase and phospholipid membranes. Biochem J 1980; 186:227-33. [PMID: 7370011 PMCID: PMC1161523 DOI: 10.1042/bj1860227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Porcine mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) dissociates into subunits on dilution. The enzyme monomer caused large increases in the surface pressure of monolayers of 1:1 phosphatidylserine/phosphatidylcholine at air/water and oil/water interfaces. The monomer increased the permeability of phospholipid vesicles to 22Na+. Both effects were significantly greater than the corresponding effects of ribonuclease A, cytochrome c and the dimeric form of malate dehydrogenase. Changes in the circular-dichroism spectra of the enzyme indicated that conformational changes may be associated with dimer formation or when monomer interacts with lysophosphatidyl-choline. Similar interactions to those described may occur in situ when mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase is transported to the mitochondrial matrix from its site of synthesis on cytosolic ribosomes.
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