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Whittam MR, Zerulla B, Krstić M, Vavilin M, Holzer C, Nyman M, Rebholz L, Fernandez-Corbaton I, Rockstuhl C. Circular dichroism of relativistically-moving chiral molecules. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16812. [PMID: 39039079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the impact of the relativistic motion of a chiral molecule on its optical response is a prime challenge for fundamental science, but it also has a direct practical relevance in our search for extraterrestrial life. To contribute to these significant developments, we describe a multi-scale computational framework that combines quantum chemistry calculations and full-wave optical simulations to predict the chiral optical response from molecules moving at relativistic speeds. Specifically, the effect of a relativistic motion on the transmission circular dichroism (TCD) of three life-essential biomolecules, namely, B-DNA, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b, is investigated. Inspired by previous experiments to detect interstellar chiral molecules, we assume that the molecules move between a stationary observer and a light source, and we study the rotationally averaged TCD as a function of the speed of the molecule.We find that the TCD spectrum that contains the signatures of the molecules shifts with increasing speed to shorter wavelengths, with the effects already being visible for moderate velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R Whittam
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Zerulla
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marjan Krstić
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maxim Vavilin
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Markus Nyman
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lukas Rebholz
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ivan Fernandez-Corbaton
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carsten Rockstuhl
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Pamu R, Khomami B, Mukherjee D. Observation of anomalous carotenoid and blind chlorophyll activations in photosystem I under synthetic membrane confinements. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183930. [PMID: 35398026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The role of natural thylakoid membrane confinements in architecting the robust structural and electrochemical properties of PSI is not fully understood. Most PSI studies till date extract the proteins from their natural confinements that can lead to non-native conformations. Recently our group had successfully reconstituted PSI in synthetic lipid membranes using detergent-mediated liposome solubilizations. In this study, we investigate the alterations in chlorophylls and carotenoids interactions and reorganization in PSI based on spectral property changes induced by its confinement in anionic DPhPG and zwitterionic DPhPC phospholipid membranes. To this end, we employ a combination of absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic measurements. Our results indicate unique activation and alteration of photoresponses from the PSI carotenoid (Car) bands in PSI-DPhPG proteoliposomes that can tune the Excitation Energy Transfer (EET), otherwise absent in PSI at non-native environments. Specifically, we observe broadband light harvesting via enhanced absorption in the otherwise non-absorptive green region (500-580 nm) of the Chlorophylls (Chl) along with ~64% increase in the full-width half maximum of the Qy band (650-720 nm). The CD results indicate enhanced Chl-Chl and Chl-Car interactions along with conformational changes in protein secondary structures. Such distinct changes in the Car and Chl bands are not observed in PSI confined in DPhPC. The fundamental insights into membrane microenvironments tailoring PSI subunits reorganization and interactions provide novel strategies for tuning photoexcitation processes and rational designing of biotic-abiotic interfaces in PSI-based photoelectrochemical energy conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pamu
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Bamin Khomami
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Dibyendu Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Nano-BioMaterials Laboratory for Energy, Energetics & Environment (nbml-E3), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Sustainable Energy Education and Research Center (SEERC), University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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Wu F, Yang Z, Su X, Gong Y, Kuang T. Molecular reorganization induced by Ca2+ of plant photosystem I reconstituted into phosphatidylglycerol liposomes. Chem Phys Lipids 2005; 136:73-82. [PMID: 15936008 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2005.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2005] [Revised: 04/04/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of divalent cations with biomembranes is important for a number of biological processes. In this study, the regulatory effect of Ca2+ on the interaction between plant spinach photosystem I (PSI) particles and negatively charged lipid phosphatidylglycerol (PG) was investigated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. It was found that in the absence of CaCl2, PG causes an increase in alpha-helix and a decrease in disordered conformations of protein secondary structures of PSI, the beta-sheet and turns being almost unaffected. Meanwhile, the same effect also enhances the excitonic interactions relating to Chl a and Chl b from the PSI core complex and external antenna light-harvesting complex (LHCI). By contrast, in the presence of CaCl2, PG hardly interferes with the structure of the proteins' skeleton of PSI, but it can depress the excitonic interactions for Chl b of LHCI and for PSI core complex Chl a at (-) 433.5 nm of the CD signal which is accompanied by a blue shift of its peak. It is most likely that the neutralization of the phosphate groups in the PSI-PG complex and the negative surface charges of PSI, and partial dehydration in the vicinity of the ester CO region of the PG polar head group by the Ca-ions modify the interaction between PSI and PG, thereby inducing molecular reorganization of protein and pigments within both the external antenna LHCI and PSI core complex in proteoliposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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Fa-Shui H, Ling W, Ye T. Mechanism of LaCl3 on Increasing Photosystem II Activity of Spinach. CHINESE J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200590617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yang Z, Su X, Wu F, Gong Y, Kuang T. Effect of phosphatidylglycerol on molecular organization of photosystem I. Biophys Chem 2005; 115:19-27. [PMID: 15848280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2005.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2004] [Revised: 01/06/2005] [Accepted: 01/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is the only anionic phospholipid in photosynthetic membrane. In this study, photosystem I (PSI) particles obtained from plant spinach were reconstituted into PG liposomes at a relatively high concentration. The results from visible absorption, fluorescence emission, and circular dichroism (CD) spectra reveal an existence of the interactions of PSI with PG. PG effect causes blue-shift and intensity decrease of Chl a peak bands in the absorption and 77 K fluorescence emission. The visible CD spectra indicate that the excitonic interactions for Chl a and Chl b molecules were enhanced upon reconstitution. Furthermore, more or less blue- or red-shift of the peaks characterized by Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoid molecules are also occurred. Simultaneously, an increase in alpha-helix and a decrease particularly in the disordered conformations of protein secondary structures are observed. In addition, the same effect also leads to somewhat more tryptophan (Trp) residues exposed to the polar environment. These results demonstrate that some alteration of molecular organization occurs within both the external antenna LHCI and PSI core complex after PSI reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenle Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environment Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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6
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Chapados C, Lemieux S, Carpentier R. Protein and chlorophyll in photosystem II probed by infrared spectroscopy. Biophys Chem 1991; 39:225-39. [PMID: 17014768 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(91)80001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/1989] [Revised: 07/23/1990] [Accepted: 07/26/1990] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The infrared spectra of photosystem II (PS II) enriched submembrane fractions isolated from spinach are obtained in water and in heavy water suspension Other spectra are obtained after a photooxidation reaction was performed on PS II to bleach the pigments. The water bands are removed by computer subtraction and the amide bands (A, B, I, II, and III) of the protein are identified. Computer enhancement techniques are used to narrow the bandwidth of the bands that the weak chlorophyll bands, buried in the much stronger protein bands, can be observed. Comparing the spectra of native and photooxidized PS II pr in water and in heavy water, we determine that three polypeptide domains are present in the native material. The first domain, which contains 22% of th is situated in the peripheral region of the PS II system. The polypeptides in this region are unfolded and devoid of chlorophyll. The second domain con of the polypeptides, is more organized, and contains the chlorophylls. The third domain has an alpha-helix configuration, does not contain chlorophyll, a affected by the photooxidation reaction or by the proton/deuteron exchange. Three different types of chlorophyll organisation are identified: two have carbonyl groups non-bonded, differing from one another only in their hydrophobic milieux; the third is weakly bonded to another unidentified group. Other forms of chlorophyll organisation are present but could not be observed because their absorption is buried in the protein amide I band.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chapados
- Département de chimie-biologie Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
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Van Gurp M, Van Ginkel G, Levine YK. Orientational properties of biological pigments in ordered systems studied with polarized light: photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes in membranes. J Theor Biol 1988; 131:333-49. [PMID: 3193775 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5193(88)80229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A discussion is presented of the problems involved in the interpretation of linear dichroism and fluorescence depolarization experiments on macroscopically ordered membrane systems. Particular attention has been paid to ordered membranes containing photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes, but the mathematical treatment can equally well be applied to other systems. The information about the orientational properties of the pigments is obtained by the application of the theories developed for the characterization of the molecular orientational order in liquid-crystalline materials. It is shown that while linear dichroism only yields the order parameter S mu of the absorption transition moment, fluorescence depolarization experiments yield in addition the order parameter Sv of the emission transition moment as well as three orientational correlation functions of the two transition moments. It is argued that in general the latter information can only be obtained on utilizing a number of experimental scattering geometries. In particular, the merits of angle-resolved experiments are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Van Gurp
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Fragata M, Nordén B, Kurucsev T. LINEAR DICHROISM(250–700 nm) OF CHLOROPHYLL a AND PHEOPHYTIN a ORIENTED IN A LAMELLAR PHASE OF GLYCERYLMONOOCTANOATE/H2O. CHARACTERIZATION OF ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS. Photochem Photobiol 1988. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1988.tb02703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hiller RG, Bardin AM, Nabedryk E. The secondary structure content of pigment-protein complexes from the thylakoids of two Chromophyte algae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Golbeck JH. Structure, function and organization of the Photosystem I reaction center complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 895:167-204. [PMID: 3333014 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4173(87)80002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J H Golbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, OR 97207
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Mathis P, Rutherford A. Chapter 4 The primary reactions of photosystems I and II of algae and higher plants. NEW COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Shubin VV, Karapetyan NV, Krasnovsky AA. Molecular arrangement of pigment-protein complex of photosystem 1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1986; 9:3-12. [PMID: 24442279 DOI: 10.1007/bf00029726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/1985] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The circular dichroism (CD) method was applied to study the molecular organization of P700, antenna chlorophyll and protein of photosystem 1 complexes (CP1), isolated from chloroplasts under mild treatment with Triton X-100. Analysis of CD spectra and protein: chlorophyll: P700 ratios for CP1 complexes that were different in their chlorophyll content indicate that CP1 preparations can be considered as a mixture of CP1-RC, containing P700 (10-20%), and CP1-LH without P700 (80-90%). Both types of complexes contain approximately 25 chlorophyll molecules, and the destruction of their spatial organization with detergents represents a cooperative transition. The rate of chlorophyll destruction in CP1-LH is much higher than that in CP1-RC. In both complexes a 65 kDa polypeptide predominates, whose secondary structure (typical for α/β proteins) is stable to Triton X-100 and does not depends on the chlorophyll content. Chlorophyll seems to be grouped in clusters (5-7 molecules) in the hydrophobic cores of 2-3 parallel α/β domains of the 65 kDa protein. Only one of the clusters in CP1-RC includes P700; on P700 photooxidation the change of its interaction with the nearest pigment environment results in a complicated shape of the light-induced CD spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Shubin
- A.N. Bakh Institute of Biochemistry, USSR Academy of Sciences, 117071, Moscow, USSR
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Nabedryk E, Berger G, Andrianambinintsoa S, Breton J. Comparison of α-helix orientation in the chromatophore, quantasome and reaction centre of Rhodopseudomonas viridis by circular dichroism and polarized infrared spectroscopy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Hinz UG. Isolation of the photosystem II reaction center complex from barley. Characterization by circular dichroism spectroscopy and amino acid sequencing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02907152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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