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Ding Z, Zhang C, Yang H, Chen J, Sun Z, Zhen X. KCTD proteins regulate morphine dependence via heterologous sensitization of adenylyl cyclase 1 in mice. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002716. [PMID: 39008526 PMCID: PMC11271871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterologous sensitization of adenylyl cyclase (AC) results in elevated cAMP signaling transduction that contributes to drug dependence. Inhibiting cullin3-RING ligases by blocking the neddylation of cullin3 abolishes heterologous sensitization, however, the modulating mechanism remains uncharted. Here, we report an essential role of the potassium channel tetramerization domain (KCTD) protein 2, 5, and 17, especially the dominant isoform KCTD5 in regulating heterologous sensitization of AC1 and morphine dependence via working with cullin3 and the cullin-associated and neddylation-dissociated 1 (CAND1) protein. In cellular models, we observed enhanced association of KCTD5 with Gβ and cullin3, along with elevated dissociation of Gβ from AC1 as well as of CAND1 from cullin3 in heterologous sensitization of AC1. Given binding of CAND1 inhibits the neddylation of cullin3, we further elucidated that the enhanced interaction of KCTD5 with both Gβ and cullin3 promoted the dissociation of CAND1 from cullin3, attenuated the inhibitory effect of CAND1 on cullin3 neddylation, ultimately resulted in heterologous sensitization of AC1. The paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) plays an important role in mediating morphine dependence. Through pharmacological and biochemical approaches, we then demonstrated that KCTD5/cullin3 regulates morphine dependence via modulating heterologous sensitization of AC, likely AC1 in PVT in mice. In summary, the present study revealed the underlying mechanism of heterologous sensitization of AC1 mediated by cullin3 and discovered the role of KCTD proteins in regulating morphine dependence in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huicui Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiruo Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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2
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Gooding SW, Whistler JL. A Balancing Act: Learning from the Past to Build a Future-Focused Opioid Strategy. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:1-25. [PMID: 38029388 PMCID: PMC10987332 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The harmful side effects of opioid drugs such as respiratory depression, tolerance, dependence, and abuse potential have limited the therapeutic utility of opioids for their entire clinical history. However, no previous attempt to develop effective pain drugs that substantially ameliorate these effects has succeeded, and the current opioid epidemic affirms that they are a greater hindrance to the field of pain management than ever. Recent attempts at new opioid development have sought to reduce these side effects by minimizing engagement of the regulatory protein arrestin-3 at the mu-opioid receptor, but there is significant controversy around this approach. Here, we discuss the ongoing effort to develop safer opioids and its relevant historical context. We propose a new model that reconciles results previously assumed to be in direct conflict to explain how different signaling profiles at the mu-opioid receptor contribute to opioid tolerance and dependence. Our goal is for this framework to inform the search for a new generation of lower liability opioid analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L Whistler
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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3
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Welsch L, Colantonio E, Falconnier C, Champagnol-DiLiberti C, Allain F, Ben Hamida S, Darcq E, Lutz PE, Kieffer BL. Mu Opioid Receptor-Positive Neurons in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Are Impaired by Morphine Abstinence. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:852-862. [PMID: 37393045 PMCID: PMC10851617 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic opioid exposure leads to hedonic deficits and enhanced vulnerability to addiction, which are observed and even strengthen after a period of abstinence, but the underlying circuit mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, using both molecular and behavioral approaches, we tested the hypothesis that neurons expressing mu opioid receptors (MORs) in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) are involved in addiction vulnerability associated with morphine abstinence. METHODS MOR-Cre mice were exposed to chronic morphine and then went through spontaneous withdrawal for 4 weeks, a well-established mouse model of morphine abstinence. We studied DRN-MOR neurons of abstinent mice using 1) viral translating ribosome affinity for transcriptome profiling, 2) fiber photometry to measure neuronal activity, and 3) an opto-intracranial self-stimulation paradigm applied to DRN-MOR neurons to assess responses related to addiction vulnerability including persistence to respond, motivation to obtain the stimulation, self-stimulation despite punishment, and cue-induced reinstatement. RESULTS DRN-MOR neurons of abstinent animals showed a downregulation of genes involved in ion conductance and MOR-mediated signaling, as well as altered responding to acute morphine. Opto-intracranial self-stimulation data showed that abstinent animals executed more impulsive-like and persistent responses during acquisition and scored higher on addiction-like criteria. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that protracted abstinence to chronic morphine leads to reduced MOR function in DRN-MOR neurons and abnormal self-stimulation of these neurons. We propose that DRN-MOR neurons have partially lost their reward-facilitating properties, which in turn may lead to increased propensity to perform addiction-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Welsch
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Camille Falconnier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives UPR3212, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Florence Allain
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sami Ben Hamida
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM UMR 1247, Research Group on Alcohol & Pharmacodependences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre-Eric Lutz
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives UPR3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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4
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Rezayof A, Ghasemzadeh Z, Sahafi OH. Addictive drugs modify neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity to impair memory formation through neurotransmitter imbalances and signaling dysfunction. Neurochem Int 2023; 169:105572. [PMID: 37423274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse changes neurophysiological functions at multiple cellular and molecular levels in the addicted brain. Well-supported scientific evidence suggests that drugs negatively affect memory formation, decision-making and inhibition, and emotional and cognitive behaviors. The mesocorticolimbic brain regions are involved in reward-related learning and habitual drug-seeking/taking behaviors to develop physiological and psychological dependence on the drugs. This review highlights the importance of specific drug-induced chemical imbalances resulting in memory impairment through various neurotransmitter receptor-mediated signaling pathways. The mesocorticolimbic modifications in the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) impair reward-related memory formation following drug abuse. The contributions of protein kinases and microRNAs (miRNAs), along with the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation have also been considered in memory impairment underlying drug addiction. Overall, we integrate the research on various types of drug-induced memory impairment in distinguished brain regions and provide a comprehensive review with clinical implications addressing the upcoming studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oveis Hosseinzadeh Sahafi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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5
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Teague CD, Picone JA, Wright WJ, Browne CJ, Silva GM, Futamura R, Minier-Toribio A, Estill ME, Ramakrishnan A, Martinez-Rivera FJ, Godino A, Parise EM, Schmidt KH, Pulido NV, Lorsch ZS, Kim JH, Shen L, Neve RL, Dong Y, Nestler EJ, Hamilton PJ. CREB Binding at the Zfp189 Promoter Within Medium Spiny Neuron Subtypes Differentially Regulates Behavioral and Physiological Adaptations Over the Course of Cocaine Use. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:502-511. [PMID: 36253194 PMCID: PMC9899288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the course of chronic drug use, brain transcriptional neuroadaptation is thought to contribute to a change in drug use behavior over time. The function of the transcription factor CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been well documented in opposing the rewarding properties of many classes of drugs, yet the gene targets through which CREB causally manifests these lasting neuroadaptations remain unknown. Here, we identify zinc finger protein 189 (Zfp189) as a CREB target gene that is transcriptionally responsive to acute and chronic cocaine use within the NAc of mice. METHODS To investigate the role of the CREB-Zfp189 interaction in cocaine use, we virally delivered modified clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/dCas9 constructs capable of selectively localizing CREB to the Zfp189 gene promoter in the NAc of mice. RESULTS We observed that CREB binding to the Zfp189 promoter increased Zfp189 expression and diminished the reinforcing responses to cocaine. Furthermore, we showed that NAc Zfp189 expression increased within D1 medium spiny neurons in response to acute cocaine but increased in both D1- and D2-expressing medium spiny neurons in response to chronic cocaine. CREB-mediated induction of Zfp189 potentiated electrophysiological activity of D1- and D2-expressing medium spiny neurons, recapitulating the known effect of CREB on these neurons. Finally, targeting CREB to the Zfp189 promoter within NAc Drd2-expressing neurons, but not Drd1-expressing neurons, was sufficient to diminish cocaine-conditioned behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings point to the CREB-Zfp189 interaction within the NAc Drd2+ neurons as a molecular signature of chronic cocaine use that is causal in counteracting the reinforcing effects of cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin D Teague
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Joseph A Picone
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - William J Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Caleb J Browne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Gabriella M Silva
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Rita Futamura
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Angélica Minier-Toribio
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Molly E Estill
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Freddyson J Martinez-Rivera
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Arthur Godino
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Eric M Parise
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kyra H Schmidt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nathalia V Pulido
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Zachary S Lorsch
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Li Shen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Rachael L Neve
- Gene Delivery Technology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Peter J Hamilton
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.
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6
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Amaral IM, Scheffauer L, Hofer A, El Rawas R. Protein kinases in natural versus drug reward. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 221:173472. [PMID: 36244528 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural and drug rewards act on the same neural pathway, the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. In brain regions such as the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area, drugs of abuse-induced stimulation of signaling pathways can lead to synaptic reshaping within this system. This is believed to be underlying the maladaptive alterations in behaviors associated with addiction. In this review, we discuss animal studies disclosing the implication of several protein kinases, namely protein kinase A (PKA), extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), p38 MAPK, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), in reward-related brain regions in drug and natural reward. Furthermore, we refer to studies that helped pave the way toward a better understanding of the neurobiology underlying non-drug and drug reward through genetic deletion or brain region-specific pharmacological inhibition of these kinases. Whereas the role of kinases in drug reward has been extensively studied, their implication in natural reward, such as positive social interaction, is less investigated. Discovering molecular candidates, recruited specifically by drug versus natural rewards, can promote the identification of novel targets for the pharmacological treatment of addiction with less off-target effects and being effective when used combined with behavioral-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M Amaral
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Laura Scheffauer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Alex Hofer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Rana El Rawas
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria.
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7
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Afrose L, McDermott MV, Bhuiyan AI, Pathak SK, Bobeck EN. GPR171 activation regulates morphine tolerance but not withdrawal in a test-dependent manner in mice. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:442-451. [PMID: 35942845 PMCID: PMC9477863 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A newly deorphanized G protein-coupled receptor, GPR171, is found to be highly expressed within the periaqueductal gray, a pain-modulating region in the brain. Our recent research has shown that a GPR171 agonist increases morphine antinociception in male mice and opioid signaling in vitro . The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination treatment in females as well as whether chronic treatment can be used without exacerbating morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal in female and male mice. Our results demonstrate that activation of GPR171 with an agonist attenuates morphine tolerance in both female and male mice on the tail-flick test, but not the hotplate test. Importantly, the GPR171 agonist in combination with morphine does not exacerbate morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal during long-term morphine treatment. Taken together, these data suggest that the GPR171 agonist may be combined with morphine to maintain antinociception while reducing the dose of morphine and therefore reducing side effects and abuse liability. The outcome of this study is clearly an important step toward understanding the functional interactions between opioid receptors and GPR171 and developing safer therapeutics for long-term pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max V. McDermott
- Department of Biology
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Ashif I. Bhuiyan
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York
- Chemistry Doctoral Program
| | - Sanjai K. Pathak
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of The City University of New York, Flushing, New York
- Chemistry Doctoral Program
- Biochemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York
| | - Erin N. Bobeck
- Department of Biology
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
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8
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Adhikary S, Williams JT. Cellular Tolerance Induced by Chronic Opioids in the Central Nervous System. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:937126. [PMID: 35837149 PMCID: PMC9273719 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.937126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are powerful analgesics that elicit acute antinociceptive effects through their action the mu opioid receptor (MOR). However opioids are ineffective for chronic pain management, in part because continuous activation of MORs induces adaptive changes at the receptor level and downstream signaling molecules. These adaptations include a decrease in receptor-effector coupling and changes to second messenger systems that can counteract the persistent activation of MORs by opioid agonists. Homeostatic regulation of MORs and downstream signaling cascades are viewed as precursors to developing tolerance. However, despite numerous studies identifying crucial mechanisms that contribute to opioid tolerance, no single regulatory mechanism that governs tolerance in at the cellular and systems level has been identified. Opioid tolerance is a multifaceted process that involves both individual neurons that contain MORs and neuronal circuits that undergo adaptations following continuous MOR activation. The most proximal event is the agonist/receptor interaction leading to acute cellular actions. This review discusses our understanding of mechanisms that mediate cellular tolerance after chronic opioid treatment that, in part, is mediated by agonist/receptor interaction acutely.
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9
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Addiction-induced plasticity in underlying neural circuits. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:1605-1615. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Anterior cingulate cortex is necessary for spontaneous opioid withdrawal and withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia in male mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1990-1999. [PMID: 34341495 PMCID: PMC8429582 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is implicated in many pathologies, including depression, anxiety, substance-use disorders, and pain. There is also evidence from brain imaging that the ACC is hyperactive during periods of opioid withdrawal. However, there are limited data contributing to our understanding of ACC function at the cellular level during opioid withdrawal. Here, we address this issue by performing ex vivo electrophysiological analysis of thick-tufted, putative dopamine D2 receptor expressing, layer V pyramidal neurons in the ACC (ACC L5 PyNs) in a mouse model of spontaneous opioid withdrawal. We found that escalating doses of morphine (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/kg, i.p. on days 1-5, respectively) injected twice daily into male C57BL/6 mice evoked withdrawal behaviors and an associated withdrawal-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Brain slices prepared 24 h following the last morphine injection showed increases in ACC L5 thick-tufted PyN-intrinsic membrane excitability, increases in membrane resistance, reductions in the rheobase, and reductions in HCN channel-mediated currents (IH). We did not observe changes in intrinsic or synaptic properties on thin-tufted, dopamine D1-receptor-expressing ACC L5 PyNs recorded from male Drd1a-tdTomato transgenic mice. In addition, we found that chemogenetic inhibition of the ACC blocked opioid-induced withdrawal and withdrawal-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. These results demonstrate that spontaneous opioid withdrawal alters neuronal properties within the ACC and that ACC activity is necessary to control behaviors associated with opioid withdrawal and withdrawal-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. The ability of the ACC to regulate both withdrawal behaviors and withdrawal-induced mechanical hypersensitivity suggests overlapping mechanisms between two seemingly distinguishable behaviors. This commonality potentially suggests that the ACC is a locus for multiple withdrawal symptoms.
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11
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Wang T, Zhu X, Yi H, Gu J, Liu S, Izenwasser S, Lemmon VP, Roy S, Hao S. Viral vector-mediated gene therapy for opioid use disorders. Exp Neurol 2021; 341:113710. [PMID: 33781732 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to opioids typically results in adverse consequences. Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a disease of the CNS with behavioral, psychological, neurobiological, and medical manifestations. OUD induces a variety of changes of neurotransmitters/neuropeptides in the nervous system. Existing pharmacotherapy, such as opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) is the mainstay for the treatment of OUD, however, current opioid replacement therapy is far from effective for the majority of patients. Pharmacological therapy for OUD has been challenging for many reasons including debilitating side-effects. Therefore, developing an effective, non-pharmacological approach would be a critical advancement in improving and expanding treatment for OUD. Viral vector mediated gene therapy provides a potential new approach for treating opioid abused patients. Gene therapy can supply targeting gene products directly linked to the mechanisms of OUD to restore neurotransmitter and/or neuropeptides imbalance, and avoid the off-target effects of systemic administration of drugs. The most commonly used viral vectors in rodent studies of treatment of opioid-used disorder are based on recombinant adenovirus (AV), adeno-associated virus (AAV), lentiviral (LV) vectors, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors. In this review, we will focus on the recent progress of viral vector mediated gene therapy in OUD, especially morphine tolerance and withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine & Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine & Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Hyun Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine & Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine & Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Shue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine & Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Vance P Lemmon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Sabita Roy
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Shuanglin Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine & Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America.
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12
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Reakkamnuan C, Cheaha D, Samerphob N, Sa-Ih N, Kumarnsit E. Adaptive changes in local field potential oscillation associated with morphine conditioned place preference in mice. Physiol Behav 2021; 235:113396. [PMID: 33757777 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neural adaptation associated with formation of morphine conditioned place preference remained largely unexplored. This study monitored longitudinal changes in neural signaling during pre-conditioning, conditioning and post-conditioning periods of morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm for investigation of adaptive mechanisms of opiate addiction. Male Swiss albino mice implanted with intracranial electrodes into the nucleus accumbens (NAc), striatum (STr) and hippocampus (HC) were used for recording of local field potentials (LFPs). Animals received a 10-day schedule for associative learning to pair the specific compartment of the chamber with morphine effects. Exploratory behavior and LFP signals were recorded during pre-conditioning (baseline level), conditioning (day 1, 5 and 10) and post-conditioning (day 1, 4 and 7) periods. Repeated measures one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test revealed significant increases in number of visit and time spent in morphine compartment during post-conditioning days. Frequency analysis of LFP highlighted the increases in alpha activity (12 - 18 Hz) in the NAc from post-conditioning day 1 until day 7. Moreover, significantly increased coherent activities between the pair of NAc-HC were developed within gamma frequency range (35 - 42 Hz) on morphine conditioning day 10 and disappeared during post-conditioning days. Taken together, these findings emphasized NAc LFP signaling and neural connectivities between the NAc and HC associated with morphine CPP. These adaptive changes might underlie the formation of morphine conditioned place preference and behavioral consequences such as craving and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayaporn Reakkamnuan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Dania Cheaha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Nifareeda Samerphob
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Nusaib Sa-Ih
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Ekkasit Kumarnsit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; Biosignal Research Center for Health, Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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13
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Liu SX, Gades MS, Swain Y, Ramakrishnan A, Harris AC, Tran PV, Gewirtz JC. Repeated morphine exposure activates synaptogenesis and other neuroplasticity-related gene networks in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of male and female rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108598. [PMID: 33626484 PMCID: PMC8026706 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid abuse is a chronic disorder likely involving stable neuroplastic modifications. While a number of molecules contributing to these changes have been identified, the broader spectrum of genes and gene networks that are affected by repeated opioid administration remain understudied. METHODS We employed Next-Generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) followed by quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation to investigate changes in gene expression and their regulation in adult male and female rats' dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) after a regimen of daily injection of morphine (5.0 mg/kg; 10 days). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze affected molecular pathways, gene networks, and associated regulatory factors. A complementary behavioral study evaluated the effects of the same morphine injection regimen on locomotor activity, pain sensitivity, and somatic withdrawal signs. RESULTS Behaviorally, repeated morphine injection induced locomotor hyperactivity and hyperalgesia in both sexes. 90 % of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in morphine-treated rats were upregulated in both males and females, with a 35 % overlap between sexes. A substantial number of DEGs play roles in synaptic signaling and neuroplasticity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed enrichment of H3 acetylation, a transcriptionally activating chromatin mark. Although broadly similar, some differences were revealed in the gene ontology networks enriched in females and males. CONCLUSIONS Our results cohere with findings from previous studies based on a priori gene selection. Our results also reveal novel genes and molecular pathways that are upregulated by repeated morphine exposure, with some common to males and females and others that are sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirelle X Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Mari S Gades
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Yayi Swain
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States; Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, 55404, United States
| | | | - Andrew C Harris
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States; Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, 55404, United States
| | - Phu V Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Jonathan C Gewirtz
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
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14
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Amaral IM, Lemos C, Cera I, Dechant G, Hofer A, El Rawas R. Involvement of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase in the Nucleus Accumbens in Cocaine Versus Social Interaction Reward. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E345. [PMID: 33396297 PMCID: PMC7794935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that PKA activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an essential role in reward-related learning. In this study, we investigated whether PKA is differentially involved in the expression of learning produced by either natural reinforcers or psychostimulants. For that purpose, we inhibited PKA through a bilateral infusion of Rp-cAMPS, a specific PKA inhibitor, directly into the NAc. The effects of PKA inhibition in the NAc on the expression of concurrent conditioned place preference (CPP) for cocaine (drug) and social interaction (natural reward) in rats were evaluated. We found that PKA inhibition increased the expression of cocaine preference. This effect was not due to altered stress levels or decreased social reward. PKA inhibition did not affect the expression of natural reward as intra-NAc Rp-cAMPS infusion did not affect expression of social preference. When rats were trained to express cocaine or social interaction CPP and tested for eventual persisting preference 7 and 14 days after CPP expression, cocaine preference was persistent, but social preference was abolished after the first test. These results suggest that PKA in the NAc is involved in drug reward learning that might lead to addiction and that only drug, but not natural, reward is persistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. Amaral
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.M.A.); (C.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Cristina Lemos
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.M.A.); (C.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Isabella Cera
- Institute for Neuroscience, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Georg Dechant
- Institute for Neuroscience, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Alex Hofer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.M.A.); (C.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Rana El Rawas
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (I.M.A.); (C.L.); (A.H.)
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15
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Ding Z, Knipp GT, van Rijn RM, Chester JA, Watts VJ. The CUL3/neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 reduces ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization and inflammatory pain allodynia in mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 399:113051. [PMID: 33279641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heterologous sensitization of adenylyl cyclase (AC) is defined by an enhanced cAMP response following persistent activation of Gαi/o-coupled receptors. This phenomenon was first observed in cellular models, and later reported in animal models of inflammatory pain or following chronic exposure to drugs of abuse including opioids and cocaine. Recently, we used genome-wide siRNA screening to identify Cullin3 signaling as a mediator of AC sensitization in cellular models. We also showed that pharmacological inhibition of Cullin3 with the neddylation inhibitor, MLN4924, abolished heterologous sensitization of several AC isoforms, including AC1, AC2, AC5, and AC6. Because ACs, especially AC1, have been implicated in alcohol-induced locomotor sensitization and inflammatory pain, we assessed the potential activity of MLN4924 in both murine models. We found that MLN4924 (30 mg/kg, i.p.) accumulated in the brain and reduced both locomotor sensitization induced by repeated alcohol administration and allodynia in an inflammatory pain model. Based on our previous findings that MLN4924 potently blocks AC sensitization in cellular models, we propose that the activity of MLN4924 in both animal models potentially occurs through blocking AC sensitization. Our findings provide the basis for understanding the molecular mechanism and yield a new pathway for drug development for pathological disorders associated with AC sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ding
- Dept of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Gregory T Knipp
- Dept of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Richard M van Rijn
- Dept of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Julia A Chester
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Dept of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Val J Watts
- Dept of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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16
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Wright WJ, Dong Y. Psychostimulant-Induced Adaptations in Nucleus Accumbens Glutamatergic Transmission. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a039255. [PMID: 31964644 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Carrying different aspects of emotional and motivational signals, glutamatergic synaptic projections from multiple limbic and paralimbic brain regions converge to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), in which these arousing signals are processed and prioritized for behavioral output. In animal models of drug addiction, some key drug-induced alterations at NAc glutamatergic synapses underlie important cellular and circuit mechanisms that promote subsequent drug taking, seeking, and relapse. With the focus of cocaine, we review changes at NAc glutamatergic synapses that occur after different drug procedures and abstinence durations, and the behavioral impact of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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17
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Inhibition of orexin receptor 1 contributes to the development of morphine dependence via attenuation of cAMP response element-binding protein and phospholipase Cβ3. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 108:101801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Allostatic Changes in the cAMP System Drive Opioid-Induced Adaptation in Striatal Dopamine Signaling. Cell Rep 2020; 29:946-960.e2. [PMID: 31644915 PMCID: PMC6871051 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are powerful addictive agents that alter dopaminergic influence
on reward signaling in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the nucleus accumbens.
Repeated opioid exposure triggers adaptive changes, shifting reward valuation to
the allostatic state underlying tolerance. However, the cellular substrates and
molecular logic underlying such allostatic changes are not well understood.
Here, we report that the plasticity of dopamine-induced cyclic AMP (cAMP)
signaling in MSNs serves as a cellular substrate for drug-induced allostatic
adjustments. By recording cAMP responses to optically evoked dopamine in brain
slices from mice subjected to various opioid exposure paradigms, we define
profound neuronal-type-specific adaptations. We find that opioid exposure pivots
the initial hyper-responsiveness of D1-MSNs toward D2-MSN dominance as
dependence escalates. Presynaptic dopamine transporters and postsynaptic
phosphodiesterases critically enable cell-specific adjustments of cAMP that
control the balance between opponent D1-MSN and D2-MSN channels. We propose a
quantitative model of opioid-induced allostatic adjustments in cAMP signal
strength that balances circuit activity. Muntean et al. examine how opioid exposure influences cyclic AMP (cAMP)
responses to dopamine in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). They describe
allostatic adaptations in the processing of dopaminergic signals by D1-MSN and
D2-MSN populations as opioid administration progresses from acute exposure to
chronic use, and they define molecular elements contributing to the process.
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19
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Burkovetskaya ME, Liu Q, Vadukoot AK, Gautam N, Alnouti Y, Kumar S, Miczek K, Buch S, Hopkins CR, Guo M. KVA-D-88, a Novel Preferable Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibitor, Decreases Cocaine-Mediated Reward Properties in Vivo. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2231-2242. [PMID: 32609488 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine addiction remains a major public concern throughout the world especially in developed countries. In the last three decades, significant achievements have led to a greater understanding of the signaling pathways involved in the development of cocaine addiction; however, there are no FDA-approved treatments available to reverse or block this brain disease due to either the unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy or severe side effects. Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic exposure to cocaine elevates levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) as a neuroadaptative response in reward-related brain regions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, which elevate cAMP levels, have been shown to block cocaine-mediated behavioral changes related to psychoactive and reinforcing properties. Unfortunately, previously studied PDE4 inhibitors induce severe side-effects, which limit their clinical usage. In this study, we identified a novel PDE4B inhibitor, KVA-D-88, with an improved selectivity profile compared to previous compounds (e.g., rolipram). Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that this compound is brain penetrant and preferably acts on PDE4B compared to PDE4D in vitro, alluding to less unwanted side effects with KVA-D-88 in vivo. Interestingly, pretreatment with KVA-D-88 significantly inhibited cocaine-induced hyperlocomotor activity. In cocaine self-administering mice with differential schedules, KVA-D-88 strikingly decreased the number of active nose-pokes and cocaine infusions and reduced the break point. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that this novel PDE4 inhibitor, KVA-D-88, could inhibit cocaine-mediated rewarding effects implying its potential clinical usage for cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Burkovetskaya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Qiaoling Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Anish K. Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Klaus Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Minglei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, United States
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20
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Ramos J, Hardin EJ, Grant AH, Flores-Robles G, Gonzalez AT, Cruz B, Martinez AK, Beltran NM, Serafine KM. The Effects of Eating a High Fat Diet on Sensitivity of Male and Female Rats to Methamphetamine and Dopamine D 1 Receptor Agonist SKF 82958. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:6-15. [PMID: 32265322 PMCID: PMC7288732 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.263293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rats eating high fat chow are more sensitive to the behavioral effects of dopaminergic drugs, including methamphetamine and the dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist quinpirole, than rats eating standard chow. However, limited work has explored possible sex differences regarding the impact of diet on drug sensitivity. It is also unknown whether eating high fat chow enhances sensitivity of rats to other dopamine (e.g., D1) receptor agonists. To explore these possibilities, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats eating standard laboratory chow (17% kcal from fat) or high fat chow (60% kcal from fat) were tested once per week for 6 weeks with dopamine D1 receptor agonist SKF 82958 (0.01-3.2 mg/kg) or methamphetamine (0.1-3.2 mg/kg) using cumulative dosing procedures. Eating high fat chow increased sensitivity of male and female rats to methamphetamine-induced locomotion; however, only female rats eating high fat chow were more sensitive to SKF 82958-induced locomotion. SKF 82958-induced eye blinking was also marginally, although not significantly, enhanced among female rats eating high fat chow, but not males. Further, although dopamine D2 receptor expression was significantly increased for SKF 82958-treated rats eating high fat chow regardless of sex, no differences were observed in dopamine D1 receptor expression. Taken together, the present study suggests that although eating high fat chow enhances sensitivity of both sexes to dopaminergic drugs, the mechanism driving this effect might be different for males versus females. These data further demonstrate the importance of studying both sexes simultaneously when investigating factors that influence drug sensitivity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Although it is known that diet can impact sensitivity to some dopaminergic drugs, sex differences regarding this effect are not well characterized. This report demonstrates that eating a high fat diet enhances sensitivity to methamphetamine, regardless of sex; however, sensitivity to dopamine D1 receptor agonist SKF 82958 is increased only among females eating high fat chow, but not males. This suggests that the mechanism(s) driving diet-induced changes in drug sensitivity might be different between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Ramos
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Ethan J Hardin
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Alice H Grant
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Grace Flores-Robles
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Adrian T Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Bryan Cruz
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Arantxa K Martinez
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Nina M Beltran
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Katherine M Serafine
- Department of Psychology (J.R., E.J.H., G.F.-R., A.T.G., B.C., A.K.M, N.M.B., K.M.S.), Department of Biological Sciences (A.H.G.), and the Border Biomedical Research Center (K.M.S.), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
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Abstract
Drugs of abuse can modify gene expression in brain reward and motivation centers,
which contribute to the structural and functional remodeling of these circuits that
impacts the emergence of a state of addiction. Our understanding of how addictive drugs
induce transcriptomic plasticity in addiction-relevant brain regions, particularly in
the striatum, has increased dramatically in recent years. Intracellular signaling
machineries, transcription factors, chromatin modifications, and regulatory noncoding
RNAs have all been implicated in the mechanisms through which addictive drugs act in the
brain. Here, we briefly summarize some of the molecular mechanisms through which drugs
of abuse can exert their transcriptional effects in the brain region, with an emphasis
on the role for microRNAs in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Bali
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul J Kenny
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Jafarova Demirkapu M, Yananlı HR, Kaleli M, Sakalli HE, Gören MZ, Topkara B. The role of adenosine A1 receptors in the nucleus accumbens during morphine withdrawal. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:553-560. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Raci Yananlı
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
| | - Melisa Kaleli
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Zafer Gören
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
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Zych S, Ford CP. Opioid-Induced Adaptations of cAMP Dynamics in the Nucleus Accumbens. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:230-232. [PMID: 31964511 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate how opioid exposure alters dopamine (DA) responses in medium spiny neurons (MSNs), Muntean et al. used a novel cAMP sensor to track cAMP dynamics and report a coordinated effort of adaptations in D1- and D2-MSNs to integrate DA inputs and shift signaling strengths in various states of opioid dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zych
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher P Ford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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24
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Puryear CB, Brooks J, Tan L, Smith K, Li Y, Cunningham J, Todtenkopf MS, Dean RL, Sanchez C. Opioid receptor modulation of neural circuits in depression: What can be learned from preclinical data? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 108:658-678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Colvin LA, Bull F, Hales TG. Perioperative opioid analgesia-when is enough too much? A review of opioid-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia. Lancet 2019; 393:1558-1568. [PMID: 30983591 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are a mainstay of acute pain management but can have many adverse effects, contributing to problematic long-term use. Opioid tolerance (increased dose needed for analgesia) and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (paradoxical increase in pain with opioid administration) can contribute to both poorly controlled pain and dose escalation. Hyperalgesia is particularly problematic as further opioid prescribing is largely futile. The mechanisms of opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia are complex, involving μ opioid receptor signalling pathways that offer opportunities for novel analgesic alternatives. The intracellular scaffold protein β-arrestin-2 is implicated in tolerance, hyperalgesia, and other opioid side-effects. Development of agonists biased against recruitment of β-arrestin-2 could provide analgesic efficacy with fewer side-effects. Alternative approaches include inhibition of peripheral μ opioid receptors and blockade of downstream signalling mechanisms, such as the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Furthermore, it is prudent to use multimodal analgesic regimens to reduce reliance on opioids during the perioperative period. In the third paper in this Series we focus on clinical and mechanism-based understanding of tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia, and discuss current and future strategies for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley A Colvin
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK.
| | - Fiona Bull
- Institute for Academic Anaesthesia, Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Tim G Hales
- Institute for Academic Anaesthesia, Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Davoudi M, Azizi H, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J, Semnanian S. Decrease of inhibitory synaptic currents of locus coeruleus neurons via orexin type 1 receptors in the context of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:281-293. [PMID: 30406600 PMCID: PMC10717061 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute opioid withdrawal syndrome is a series of neurological symptoms caused by the abrupt cessation of the chronic administration of opioids such as morphine. The locus coeruleus (LC) in the brain stem receives a dense projection of orexinergic fibers from the hypothalamus and is a candidate site for the expression of the somatic aspects of morphine withdrawal. Previous studies have shown that orexin-A contributes to the behavioral symptoms of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal, partly by reducing the activity of GABAergic neurons, suggesting that orexin-A may negatively modulate fast GABAergic neurotransmission during morphine withdrawal. We used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of LC neurons in brainstem slices to investigate the effect of orexin-A on bicuculline-sensitive GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) during naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal. Male Wistar rats (P14-P21) were given morphine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for seven consecutive days to create dependency on the drug. The application of naloxone (1 µM) to brain slices of morphine-treated rats reduced the amplitude of evoked IPSCs (eIPSCs) as well as spontaneous IPSCs (sIPSCs) frequency but did not change sIPSCs amplitude. Orexin-A (100 nM) significantly enhanced the suppressive effect of naloxone on eIPSCs amplitude and sIPSCs frequency but had no effect on the presence of the orexin type 1 receptor (OX1R) antagonist, SB-334867. Orexin-A alone had no significant effect on eIPSCs and sIPSCs in the absence of naloxone. In summary, our results show that orexin-A, via OX1R, potentiates the suppressive effect of naloxone on GABAergic IPSCs of LC neurons in morphine-treated rats. We conclude that orexins may have a critical role in regulating GABAergic neurotransmission to LC neurons during naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Davoudi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Solinas M, Belujon P, Fernagut PO, Jaber M, Thiriet N. Dopamine and addiction: what have we learned from 40 years of research. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 126:481-516. [PMID: 30569209 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1957-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Among the neurotransmitters involved in addiction, dopamine (DA) is clearly the best known. The critical role of DA in addiction is supported by converging evidence that has been accumulated in the last 40 years. In the present review, first we describe the dopaminergic system in terms of connectivity, functioning and involvement in reward processes. Second, we describe the functional, structural, and molecular changes induced by drugs within the DA system in terms of neuronal activity, synaptic plasticity and transcriptional and molecular adaptations. Third, we describe how genetic mouse models have helped characterizing the role of DA in addiction. Fourth, we describe the involvement of the DA system in the vulnerability to addiction and the interesting case of addiction DA replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease. Finally, we describe how the DA system has been targeted to treat patients suffering from addiction and the result obtained in clinical settings and we discuss how these different lines of evidence have been instrumental in shaping our understanding of the physiopathology of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Solinas
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France.
| | - Pauline Belujon
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Olivier Fernagut
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - Mohamed Jaber
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
- CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Thiriet
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
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Pena DA, Duarte ML, Pramio DT, Devi LA, Schechtman D. Exploring Morphine-Triggered PKC-Targets and Their Interaction with Signaling Pathways Leading to Pain via TrkA. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6040039. [PMID: 30301203 PMCID: PMC6313901 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well accepted that treatment of chronic pain with morphine leads to μ opioid receptor (MOR) desensitization and the development of morphine tolerance. MOR activation by the selective peptide agonist, D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]-enkephalin(DAMGO), leads to robust G protein receptor kinase activation, β-arrestin recruitment, and subsequent receptor endocytosis, which does not occur in an activation by morphine. However, MOR activation by morphine induces receptor desensitization, in a Protein kinase C (PKC) dependent manner. PKC inhibitors have been reported to decrease receptor desensitization, reduce opiate tolerance, and increase analgesia. However, the exact role of PKC in these processes is not clearly delineated. The difficulties in establishing a particular role for PKC have been, in part, due to the lack of reagents that allow the selective identification of PKC targets. Recently, we generated a conformation state-specific anti-PKC antibody that preferentially recognizes the active state of this kinase. Using this antibody to selectively isolate PKC substrates and a proteomics strategy to establish the identity of the proteins, we examined the effect of morphine treatment on the PKC targets. We found an enhanced interaction of a number of proteins with active PKC, in the presence of morphine. In this article, we discuss the role of these proteins in PKC-mediated MOR desensitization and analgesia. In addition, we posit a role for some of these proteins in mediating pain by TrKA activation, via the activation of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1). Finally, we discuss how these new PKC interacting proteins and pathways could be targeted for the treatment of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene A Pena
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Lemos Duarte
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Dimitrius T Pramio
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil.
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Deborah Schechtman
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil.
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Cao DN, Shi JJ, Wu N, Li J. Modulation of miR-139-5p on chronic morphine-induced, naloxone-precipitated cAMP overshoot in vitro. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1501-1508. [PMID: 29916183 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to morphine can produce tolerance, dependence and addiction, but the underlying neurobiological basis is still incompletely understood. c-Jun, as an important component of the activator protein-1 transcription factor, is supposed to take part in regulating gene expression in AC/cAMP/PKA signaling. MicroRNA (miRNA) has emerged as a critical regulator of neuronal functions. Although a number of miRNAs have been reported to regulate the μ-opioid receptor expression, there has been no report about miRNAs to regulate chronic morphine-induced, naloxone-precipitated cAMP overshoot. Our results showed that chronic morphine pretreatment induced naloxone-precipitated cAMP overshoot in concentration- and time-dependent manners in HEK 293/μ cells. Chronic morphine pretreatment alone elevated both c-Jun protein and miR-139-5p expression levels, while dramatically artificial elevation of miR-139-5p inhibited c-Jun at the translational level. Furthermore, dramatically artificial upregulation of intracellular miR-139-5p limited chronic morphine-induced, naloxone-precipitated cAMP overshoot. These findings suggested that miR-139-5p was involved in regulating chronic morphine-induced, naloxone-precipitated cAMP overshoot in a negative feedback manner through its target c-Jun, which extends our understanding of neurobiological mechanisms underlying morphine dependence and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ni Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jing-Jing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Somalwar AR, Choudhary AG, Sharma PR, B. N, Sagarkar S, Sakharkar AJ, Subhedar NK, Kokare DM. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) induced reward behavior is mediated via Gi/o dependent phosphorylation of PKA/ERK/CREB pathway. Behav Brain Res 2018; 348:9-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Smith MA, Fronk GE, Abel JM, Lacy RT, Bills SE, Lynch WJ. Resistance exercise decreases heroin self-administration and alters gene expression in the nucleus accumbens of heroin-exposed rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:1245-1255. [PMID: 29396617 PMCID: PMC5871570 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Preclinical studies consistently report that aerobic exercise decreases drug self-administration and other forms of drug-seeking behavior; however, relatively few studies have examined other types of physical activity. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of resistance exercise (i.e., strength training) on heroin self-administration and mRNA expression of genes known to mediate opioid reinforcement and addictive behavior in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of heroin-exposed rats. METHODS Female rats were obtained during late adolescence and divided into two groups. Resistance exercise rats were trained to climb a vertical ladder wearing a weighted vest; sedentary control rats were placed repeatedly on the ladder oriented horizontally on its side. All rats were implanted with intravenous catheters and trained to self-administer heroin on a fixed ratio (FR1) schedule of reinforcement. mRNA expression in the NAc core and shell was examined following behavioral testing. RESULTS Resistance exercise significantly decreased heroin self-administration, resulting in a downward shift in the dose-effect curve. Resistance exercise also reduced mRNA expression for mu opioid receptors and dopamine D1, D2, and D3 receptors in the NAc core. Resistance exercise increased mRNA expression of dopamine D5 receptors in the NAc shell and increased mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (exons I, IIB, IIC, IV, VI, IX) in the NAc core. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that resistance exercise decreases the positive reinforcing effects of heroin and produces changes in opioid and dopamine systems in the NAc of heroin-exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Smith
- Department of Psychology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA.
| | - Gaylen E Fronk
- Department of Psychology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA
| | - Jean M Abel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ryan T Lacy
- Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Bills
- Department of Psychology, Davidson College, Davidson, NC, 28035, USA
| | - Wendy J Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Wen RT, Liang JH, Zhang HT. Targeting Phosphodiesterases in Pharmacotherapy for Substance Dependence. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 17:413-444. [PMID: 28956341 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58811-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Substance dependence is a chronic relapsing brain disorder associated with adaptational changes in synaptic plasticity and neuronal functions. The high levels of substance consumption and relapse rate suggest more reliable medications are in need to better address the underlying causes of this disease. It has been well established that the intracellular second messengers cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) and their signaling systems play an important role in the molecular mechanisms of substance taking behaviors. On this basis, the phosphodiesterase (PDE) superfamily, which crucially controls cyclic nucleotide levels by catalyzing their hydrolysis, has been proposed as a novel class of therapeutic targets for substance use disorders. This chapter reviews the expression patterns of PDEs in the brain with regard to neural structures underlying the dependent process and highlights available evidence for a modulatory role of PDEs in substance dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ting Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jian-Hui Liang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA. .,Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, China.
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33
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Lamberts JT, Rosenthal LD, Jutkiewicz EM, Traynor JR. Role of the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gα o, in the development of morphine tolerance and dependence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:71-82. [PMID: 28971229 PMCID: PMC5819733 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The use of morphine and other opioids for chronic pain is limited by the development of analgesic tolerance and physical dependence. Morphine produces its effects by activating the μ opioid receptor, which couples to Gαi/o-containing heterotrimeric G proteins. Evidence suggests that the antinociceptive effects of morphine are mediated by Gαo. However, the role of Gαo in the development of morphine tolerance and dependence is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to evaluate the contribution of Gαo to the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. METHODS 129S6 mice lacking one copy of the Gαo gene (Gαo +/-) were administered morphine acutely or chronically. Mice were examined for tolerance to the antinociceptive action of morphine using the 52 °C hot plate as the nociceptive stimulus and for dependence by evaluating the severity of naltrexone-precipitated withdrawal. Wild-type littermates of the Gαo +/- mice were used as controls. Changes in μ receptor number and function were determined in midbrain and hindbrain homogenates using radioligand binding and μ agonist-stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding, respectively. RESULTS Following either acute or chronic morphine treatment, all mice developed antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence, regardless of genotype. With chronic morphine treatment, Gαo +/- mice developed tolerance faster and displayed more severe naltrexone-precipitated withdrawal in some behaviors than did wild-type littermates. Morphine tolerance was not associated with changes in μ receptor number or function in brain homogenates from either wild-type or Gαo +/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the guanine nucleotide binding protein Gαo offers some protection against the development of morphine tolerance and dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Lamberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., 1301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5632, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, 49307, USA
| | - Lisa D Rosenthal
- Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., 1301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5632, USA
| | - Emily M Jutkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., 1301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5632, USA
| | - John R Traynor
- Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., 1301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5632, USA.
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Simmons DV, Petko AK, Paladini CA. Differential expression of long-term potentiation among identified inhibitory inputs to dopamine neurons. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:1998-2008. [PMID: 28701538 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00270.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vivo firing pattern of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons is controlled by GABA afferents originating primarily from the nucleus accumbens (NAc), rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), and local GABA neurons within the VTA. Although different forms of plasticity have been observed from GABA inputs to VTA dopamine neurons, one dependent on cyclic GMP synthesis and the other on adenylyl cyclase activation, it is unknown whether plasticity is differentially expressed in each. Using an optogenetic strategy, we show that identified inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) from local VTA GABA neurons and NAc afferents exhibit a cyclic GMP-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) that is capable of inhibiting the firing activity of dopamine neurons. However, this form of LTP was not induced from RMTg afferents. Only an adenylyl cyclase-mediated increase in IPSCs was exhibited by all three inputs. Thus discrete plasticity mechanisms recruit overlapping but different subsets of GABA inputs to VTA dopamine neurons.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We describe a mapping of plasticity expression, mediated by different mechanisms, among three distinct GABA afferents to ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons: the rostromedial tegmental nucleus, the nucleus accumbens, and the local GABA neurons within the VTA known to synapse on VTA dopamine neurons. This work is the first demonstration that discrete plasticity mechanisms recruit overlapping but different subsets of GABA inputs to VTA dopamine neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeNard V Simmons
- Neurosciences Institute, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Alyssa K Petko
- Neurosciences Institute, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Carlos A Paladini
- Neurosciences Institute, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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Kasanga EA, Boakye-Gyasi E, Biney RP, Kyekyeku JO, Agyare C, Woode E. Geraniin attenuates naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal and morphine-induced tolerance in mice. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2017; 6:199-205. [PMID: 28507784 PMCID: PMC5429080 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20161229015413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim: Potentially life-threatening and unpleasant side effects associated with some analgesics have fueled the drive for the search for more analgesics with better side effect profiles. Geraniin, the most dominant secondary metabolite in the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Phyllanthus muellerianus, has been shown to possess antinociceptive properties mediated partly by opioidergic mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to determine whether geraniin exhibits tolerance and if it is able to ameliorate withdrawal signs in naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. Materials and Methods: After chronic treatment of mice with geraniin orally, the formalin test was used to ascertain whether tolerance will develop to its antinociceptive effects and if there is morphine-induced tolerance cross-generalization with geraniin. The effect of geraniin on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice was also investigated. Results: Geraniin (3-30 mg/kg) did not produce any tolerant effects after chronic administration and there was also no cross-generalization with the tolerant effects of morphine. Geraniin did not induce withdrawal signs but significantly reduced the number of jumps in morphine-dependent mice. Conclusion: Geraniin does not produce any tolerant effects like morphine and also reduced the signs associated with naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Anle Kasanga
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eric Boakye-Gyasi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Robert Peter Biney
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - James Oppong Kyekyeku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Christian Agyare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eric Woode
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Abstract
Drug addiction can be viewed as a form of neural plasticity—drug—induced neural plasticity. This is because most features of addiction develop gradually and progressively in response to repeated exposure to a drug of abuse and can persist for a long time, perhaps even a lifetime, after discontinuation of drug administration. Within this context of neural plasticity, studies of drug addiction offer a unique opportunity to establish the biological basis of a complex and clinically relevant behavioral abnormality. This derives from the fact that many aspects of addiction can be reproduced with increasing accuracy in laboratory animals. The availability of animal models, in turn, has made it possible to identify specific regions of the brain that mediate behavioral aspects of addiction. Identification of these discrete brain regions has made it possible to begin the process of identifying the molecular and cellular basis of addiction mediated via these regions. This situation for drug addiction contrasts markedly with that for most other model systems of neural plasticity, for which behavioral, let alone clinical, correlates are not readily apparent. It also contrasts with many other neuropsychiatric abnormalities, for example, schizophrenia and depression, for which animal models are much less straight forward and much more difficult to interpret. Advances made in the field of drug addiction have the potential of providing insight into the types of mechanisms underlying other forms of neural plasticity and even, per haps, other neuropsychiatric abnormalities. The goal of this review is to describe recent progress in under standing the molecular basis of addictive states. The Neuroscientist 1:212-220, 1995
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Nestler
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry Departments of Psychiatry
and Pharmacology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
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Phillips TJ, Mootz JRK, Reed C. Identification of Treatment Targets in a Genetic Mouse Model of Voluntary Methamphetamine Drinking. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 126:39-85. [PMID: 27055611 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine has powerful stimulant and euphoric effects that are experienced as rewarding and encourage use. Methamphetamine addiction is associated with debilitating illnesses, destroyed relationships, child neglect, violence, and crime; but after many years of research, broadly effective medications have not been identified. Individual differences that may impact not only risk for developing a methamphetamine use disorder but also affect treatment response have not been fully considered. Human studies have identified candidate genes that may be relevant, but lack of control over drug history, the common use or coabuse of multiple addictive drugs, and restrictions on the types of data that can be collected in humans are barriers to progress. To overcome some of these issues, a genetic animal model comprised of lines of mice selectively bred for high and low voluntary methamphetamine intake was developed to identify risk and protective alleles for methamphetamine consumption, and identify therapeutic targets. The mu opioid receptor gene was supported as a target for genes within a top-ranked transcription factor network associated with level of methamphetamine intake. In addition, mice that consume high levels of methamphetamine were found to possess a nonfunctional form of the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). The Taar1 gene is within a mouse chromosome 10 quantitative trait locus for methamphetamine consumption, and TAAR1 function determines sensitivity to aversive effects of methamphetamine that may curb intake. The genes, gene interaction partners, and protein products identified in this genetic mouse model represent treatment target candidates for methamphetamine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Phillips
- Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States.
| | - J R K Mootz
- Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - C Reed
- Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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38
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Nestler EJ. Reflections on: "A general role for adaptations in G-Proteins and the cyclic AMP system in mediating the chronic actions of morphine and cocaine on neuronal function". Brain Res 2015; 1645:71-4. [PMID: 26740398 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In 1991 we demonstrated that chronic morphine exposure increased levels of adenylyl cyclase and protein kinase A (PKA) in several regions of the rat central nervous system as inferred from measures of enzyme activity in crude extracts (Terwilliger et al., 1991). These findings led us to hypothesize that a concerted upregulation of the cAMP pathway is a general mechanism of opiate tolerance and dependence. Moreover, in the same study we showed similar induction of adenylyl cyclase and PKA activity in nucleus accumbens (NAc) in response to chronic administration of cocaine, but not of several non-abused psychoactive drugs. Morphine and cocaine also induced equivalent changes in inhibitory G protein subunits in this brain region. We thus extended our hypothesis to suggest that, particularly within brain reward regions such as NAc, cAMP pathway upregulation represents a common mechanism of reward tolerance and dependence shared by several classes of drugs of abuse. Research since that time, by many laboratories, has provided substantial support for these hypotheses. Specifically, opiates in several CNS regions including NAc, and cocaine more selectively in NAc, induce expression of certain adenylyl cyclase isoforms and PKA subunits via the transcription factor, CREB, and these transcriptional adaptations serve a homeostatic function to oppose drug action. In certain brain regions, such as locus coeruleus, these adaptations mediate aspects of physical opiate dependence and withdrawal, whereas in NAc they mediate reward tolerance and dependence that drives increased drug self-administration. This work has had important implications for understanding the molecular basis of addiction. ORIGINAL ARTICLE ABSTRACT "A general role for adaptations in G-proteins and the cyclic AMP system in mediating the chronic actions of morphine and cocaine on neuronal function". Previous studies have shown that chronic morphine increases levels of the G-protein subunits Giα and Goα, adenylate cyclase, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, and certain phosphoproteins in the rat locus coeruleus, but not in several other brain regions studied, and that chronic morphine decreases levels of Giα and increases levels of adenylate cyclase in dorsal root ganglion/spinal cord (DRG-SC) co-cultures. These findings led us to survey the effects of chronic morphine on the G-protein/cyclic AMP system in a large number of brain regions to determine how widespread such regulation might be. We found that while most regions showed no regulation in response to chronic morphine, nucleus accumbens (NAc) and amygdala did show increases in adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity, and thalamus showed an increase in cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity only. An increase in cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity was also observed in DRG-SC co-cultures. Morphine regulation of G-proteins was variable, with decreased levels of Giα seen in the NAc, increased levels of Giα and Goα amygdala, and no change in thalamus or the other brain regions studied. Interestingly, chronic treatment of rats with cocaine, but not with several non-abused drugs, produced similar changes compared to morphine in G-proteins, adenylate cyclase, and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in the NAc, but not in the other brain regions studied. These results indicate that regulation of the G-protein/cyclic AMP system represents a mechanism by which a number of opiate-sensitive neurons adapt to chronic morphine and thereby develop aspects of opiate tolerance and/or dependence. The findings that chronic morphine and cocaine produce similar adaptations in the NAc, a brain region important for the reinforcing actions of many types of abused substances, suggest further that common mechanisms may underlie psychological aspects of drug addiction mediated by this brain region. © 1991. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:50th Anniversary Issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Nestler
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1065, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Chan P, Lutfy K. Molecular Changes in Opioid Addiction: The Role of Adenylyl Cyclase and cAMP/PKA System. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 137:203-27. [PMID: 26810003 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
For centuries, opiate analgesics have had a considerable presence in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. While effective in providing analgesia, opiates are notorious in exerting many undesirable adverse reactions. The receptor targets and the intracellular effectors of opioids have largely been identified. Furthermore, much of the mechanisms underlying the development of tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal have been delineated. Thus, there is a focus on developing novel compounds or strategies in mitigating or avoiding the development of tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal. This review focuses on the adenylyl cyclase and cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (AC/cAMP/PKA) system as the central player in mediating the acute and chronic effects of opioids. This chapter also reviews the neuronal adaptive changes in the locus coeruleus, amygdala, periaqueductal gray, and ventral tegmental area induced by acute and chronic actions of opioid because these neuronal adaptive changes in these regions may underlie the behavioral changes observed in opiate users and abusers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Chan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Pomona, California, USA.
| | - Kabirullah Lutfy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
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Cheng MC, Hsu SH, Chen CH. Chronic methamphetamine treatment reduces the expression of synaptic plasticity genes and changes their DNA methylation status in the mouse brain. Brain Res 2015; 1629:126-34. [PMID: 26496011 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant that may cause long-lasting synaptic dysfunction and abnormal gene expression. We aimed to explore the differential expression of synaptic plasticity genes in chronic METH-treated mouse brain. We used the RT(2) Profiler PCR Array and the real-time quantitative PCR to characterize differentially expressed synaptic plasticity genes in the frontal cortex and the hippocampus of chronic METH-treated mice compared with normal saline-treated mice. We further used pyrosequencing to assess DNA methylation changes in the CpG region of the five immediate early genes (IEGs) in chronic METH-treated mouse brain. We detected six downregulated genes in the frontal cortex and the hippocampus of chronic METH-treated mice, including five IEGs (Arc, Egr2, Fos, Klf10, and Nr4a1) and one neuronal receptor gene (Grm1), compared with normal saline-treated group, but only four genes (Arc, Egr2, Fos, and Nr4a1) were confirmed to be different. Furthermore, we found several CpG sites of the Arc and the Fos that had significant changes in DNA methylation status in the frontal cortex of chronic METH-treated mice, while the klf10 and the Nr4a1 that had significant changes in the hippocampus. Our results show that chronic administration of METH may lead to significant downregulation of the IEGs expression in both the frontal cortex and the hippocampus, which may partly account for the molecular mechanism of the action of METH. Furthermore, the changes in DNA methylation status of the IEGs in the brain indicate that an epigenetic mechanism-dependent transcriptional regulation may contribute to METH addiction, which warrants additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chih Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuli Mental Health Research Center, Yuli Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for General Education, St. Mary׳s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan County, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuli Mental Health Research Center, Yuli Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Department and Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Karoly HC, YorkWilliams SL, Hutchison KE. Clinical Neuroscience of Addiction: Similarities and Differences Between Alcohol and Other Drugs. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:2073-84. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hollis C. Karoly
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado, Boulder Boulder Colorado
| | - Sophie L. YorkWilliams
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado, Boulder Boulder Colorado
| | - Kent E. Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado, Boulder Boulder Colorado
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Stockton SD, Gomes I, Liu T, Moraje C, Hipólito L, Jones MR, Ma'ayan A, Morón JA, Li H, Devi LA. Morphine Regulated Synaptic Networks Revealed by Integrated Proteomics and Network Analysis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2564-76. [PMID: 26149443 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.047977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its efficacy, the use of morphine for the treatment of chronic pain remains limited because of the rapid development of tolerance, dependence and ultimately addiction. These undesired effects are thought to be because of alterations in synaptic transmission and neuroplasticity within the reward circuitry including the striatum. In this study we used subcellular fractionation and quantitative proteomics combined with computational approaches to investigate the morphine-induced protein profile changes at the striatal postsynaptic density. Over 2,600 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis of subcellular fractions enriched in postsynaptic density associated proteins from saline or morphine-treated striata. Among these, the levels of 34 proteins were differentially altered in response to morphine. These include proteins involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling, regulation of transcription and translation, chaperones, and protein degradation pathways. The altered expression levels of several of these proteins was validated by Western blotting analysis. Using Genes2Fans software suite we connected the differentially expressed proteins with proteins identified within the known background protein-protein interaction network. This led to the generation of a network consisting of 116 proteins with 40 significant intermediates. To validate this, we confirmed the presence of three proteins predicted to be significant intermediates: caspase-3, receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 3 and NEDD4 (an E3-ubiquitin ligase identified as a neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4). Because this morphine-regulated network predicted alterations in proteasomal degradation, we examined the global ubiquitination state of postsynaptic density proteins and found it to be substantially altered. Together, these findings suggest a role for protein degradation and for the ubiquitin/proteasomal system in the etiology of opiate dependence and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Stockton
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, §Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029
| | - Ivone Gomes
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics
| | - Tong Liu
- ¶Center for Advanced Proteomic Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, 07103
| | | | - Lucia Hipólito
- ‖Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, 10027
| | - Matthew R Jones
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics
| | - Avi Ma'ayan
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics
| | - Jose A Morón
- ‖Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, 10027
| | - Hong Li
- ¶Center for Advanced Proteomic Research and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Jersey Medical School Cancer Center, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, 07103
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- From the ‡Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, §Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029;
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Franklin KM, Hauser SR, Lasek AW, McClintick J, Ding ZM, McBride WJ, Bell RL. Reduction of alcohol drinking of alcohol-preferring (P) and high-alcohol drinking (HAD1) rats by targeting phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4). Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:2251-62. [PMID: 25585681 PMCID: PMC4465875 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) and neuroimmune signaling have been posited to regulate alcohol drinking. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the involvement of PDE4 and Il22ra2 on ethanol (EtOH) intake by alcohol-preferring (P) and high-alcohol-drinking (HAD1) rats. METHODS Exp 1 determined the dose-response effects of PDE4 inhibitors, rolipram, and Ro 20-1724, on 2 h/day free-choice EtOH intake by adult P and HAD1 rats. Exps 2-3 examined the effects of repeated administration with the PDE4 inhibitors on EtOH or sucrose intake and locomotor behavior. Exp 4 determined Pde4-associated gene expression differences in subregions of the extended amygdala, between high- and low-alcohol-consuming rat lines. Exp 5 evaluated the effects of infusing short hairpin RNA to knock down Il22ra2 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell on a 24-h free-choice EtOH drinking by P rats. RESULTS Administration of rolipram or Ro 20-1724 reduced EtOH intake by P rats; Ro 20-1724 reduced EtOH intake by HAD1 rats. Repeated rolipram or Ro 20-1724 exposure reduced EtOH intake by P and HAD1 rats. PDE4 inhibition induced motor impairment during the first hour of EtOH intake by P rats. Higher gene expression levels for PDE4A were found in the NAc shell of P vs NP rats. ShRNAs targeting Il22ra2 in the NAc shell significantly reduced chronic EtOH intake. CONCLUSIONS PDE4 and neuroinflammatory/immune signaling pathways could represent molecular targets for the treatment of alcohol use disorders in genetically predisposed subjects. This study underscores the importance of testing compounds over multiple days and rat lines when determining efficacy to disrupt excessive alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelle M Franklin
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, 320W. 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sheketha R Hauser
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, 320W. 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Amy W Lasek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jeanette McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Zheng-Ming Ding
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, 320W. 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - William J McBride
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, 320W. 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Richard L Bell
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Building, 320W. 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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Zhong X, Drgonova J, Li CY, Uhl GR. Human cell adhesion molecules: annotated functional subtypes and overrepresentation of addiction-associated genes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1349:83-95. [PMID: 25988664 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are essential for proper development, modulation, and maintenance of interactions between cells and cell-to-cell (and matrix-to-cell) communication about these interactions. Despite the differential functional significance of these roles, there have been surprisingly few systematic studies to enumerate the universe of CAMs and identify specific CAMs in distinct functions. In this paper, we update and review the set of human genes likely to encode CAMs with searches of databases, literature reviews, and annotations. We describe likely CAMs and functional subclasses, including CAMs that have a primary function in information exchange (iCAMs), CAMs involved in focal adhesions, CAM gene products that are preferentially involved with stereotyped and morphologically identifiable connections between cells (e.g., adherens junctions, gap junctions), and smaller numbers of CAM genes in other classes. We discuss a novel proposed mechanism involving selective anchoring of the constituents of iCAM-containing lipid rafts in zones of close neuronal apposition to membranes expressing iCAM binding partners. We also discuss data from genetic and genomic studies of addiction in humans and mouse models to highlight the ways in which CAM variation may contribute to a specific brain-based disorder such as addiction. Specific examples include changes in CAM mRNA splicing mediated by differences in the addiction-associated splicing regulator RBFOX1/A2BP1 and CAM expression in dopamine neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhong
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Genomic Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jana Drgonova
- Molecular Neurobiology, NIH-IRP (NIDA), Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chuan-Yun Li
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Genomic Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - George R Uhl
- Molecular Neurobiology, NIH-IRP (NIDA), Baltimore, Maryland.,Research Office, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Rodriguez-Espinosa N, Fernandez-Espejo E. Effects of acute and repeated cocaine on markers for neural plasticity within the mesolimbic system in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:57-62. [PMID: 24912888 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Repeated cocaine is known to induce morphological changes in dopaminergic circuits that are known to participate on cocaine-induced addictive changes. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to discern if acute or repeated regimens of daily cocaine (10 mg/kg) lead to reliable changes in the expression of some protein markers for neural plasticity such as synaptophysin, p21-Arc, alpha-tubulin (α-tubulin), and stathmin, in the mesolimbic dopaminergic circuit. Well-known changes in tyrosine hydroxylase and protein kinase A were used for confirming biochemical effects of repeated cocaine. Animals were subjected to three treatments: acute injection, 3-day injections, or sensitizing cocaine during 3 days followed by challenging doses at days 8 and 18. RESULTS The findings revealed that sensitizing regimen of cocaine increases stathmin levels within the nucleus accumbens at day 18 of treatment, not day 8, without changes of synaptophysin, p21-Arc, or α-tubulin. This neural plasticity change seems not to be related to the development of motor sensitization. Other neural regions such as prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum, and ventral tegmental area were not found to be affected. Repeated cocaine led to well-known short-term augmentation of tyrosine-hydroxylase and protein kinase A expressions in the nucleus accumbens, as well as maintained upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase in the ventral tegmental area. CONCLUSIONS As stathmin is an important regulatory protein of microtubule dynamics, this protein change would be linked to morphological changes after repeated cocaine. It was confirmed that upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase within the ventral tegmental area may participate on the development of motor sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Rodriguez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Fisiologia Medica y Biofisica, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan 4, 41009, Sevilla, Spain,
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Nguyen TL, Kwon SH, Hong SI, Ma SX, Jung YH, Hwang JY, Kim HC, Lee SY, Jang CG. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel may modulate opioid reward. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:2414-22. [PMID: 24732880 PMCID: PMC4138752 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), a nonselective cation channel, is a well-known pain-related receptor. TRPV1 involvement in morphine-induced antinociception, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms has been previously reported. Emerging evidence indicates that TRPV1 may be related to both the cellular and behavioral effects of addictive drugs. In the present study, we investigated the role of TRPV1 in morphine reward using the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm in mice. Repeated morphine treatments upregulated TRPV1 expression in the dorsal striatum (DSt). Treatment with a TRPV1 agonist potentiated morphine reward, and pretreatment with TRPV1 antagonists attenuated these effects. Microinjection of a selective TRPV1 antagonist into the DSt significantly inhibited morphine-CPP. In addition, treatment with a TRPV1 antagonist suppressed morphine-induced increases in μ-opioid receptor binding, adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression in the DSt. Administering a p38 inhibitor not only prevented morphine-CPP, but also prevented morphine-induced NF-κB and TRPV1 activation in the DSt. Furthermore, injecting an NF-κB inhibitor significantly blocked morphine-CPP. Our findings suggest that TRPV1 in the DSt contribute to morphine reward via AC1, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB. Brain TRPV1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target to treat morphine-addictive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Lien Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sa-Ik Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi-Xun Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Hee Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neurotoxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Korea Institute of Drug Abuse, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82 31 290 7780, Fax: +82 31 292 8800, E-mail:
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Bagley EE. Opioid and GABAB receptors differentially couple to an adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A downstream effector after chronic morphine treatment. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:148. [PMID: 25009497 PMCID: PMC4067908 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are intensely addictive, and cessation of their chronic use is associated with a highly aversive withdrawal syndrome. A cellular hallmark of withdrawal is an opioid sensitive protein kinase A-dependent increase in GABA transporter-1 (GAT-1) currents in periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons. Elevated GAT-1 activity directly increases GABAergic neuronal excitability and synaptic GABA release, which will enhance GABAergic inhibition of PAG output neurons. This reduced activity of PAG output neurons to several brain regions, including the hypothalamus and medulla, contributes to many of the PAG-mediated signs of opioid withdrawal. The GABAB receptor agonist baclofen reduces some of the PAG mediated signs of opioid withdrawal. Like the opioid receptors the GABAB receptor is a Gi/Go coupled G-protein coupled receptor. This suggests it could be modulating GAT-1 activity in PAG neurons through its inhibition of the adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A pathway. Opioid modulation of the GAT-1 activity can be detected by changes in the reversal potential of opioid membrane currents. We found that when opioids are reducing the GAT-1 cation conductance and increasing the GIRK conductance the opioid agonist reversal potential is much more negative than Ek. Using this approach for GABAB receptors we show that the GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, does not couple to inhibition of GAT-1 currents during opioid withdrawal. It is possible this differential signaling of the two Gi/Go coupled G-protein coupled receptors is due to the strong compartmentalization of the GABAB receptor that does not favor signaling to the adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A/GAT-1 pathway. This highlights the importance of studying the effects of G-protein coupled receptors in native tissue with endogenous G-protein coupled receptors and the full complement of relevant proteins and signaling molecules. This study suggests that baclofen reduces opioid withdrawal symptoms through a non-GAT-1 effector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena E Bagley
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Nikulina EM, Johnston CE, Wang J, Hammer RP. Neurotrophins in the ventral tegmental area: Role in social stress, mood disorders and drug abuse. Neuroscience 2014; 282:122-38. [PMID: 24875178 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the impact of neurotrophins and other trophic factors, including fibroblast growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, on mood disorders, weight regulation and drug abuse, with an emphasis on stress- and drug-induced changes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Neurotrophins, comprising nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophins 3 and 4/5 play important roles in neuronal plasticity and the development of different psychopathologies. In the VTA, most research has focused on the role of BDNF, because other neurotrophins are not found there in significant quantities. BDNF originating in the VTA provides trophic support to dopamine neurons. The diverse intracellular signaling pathways activated by BDNF may underlie precise physiological functions specific to the VTA. In general, VTA BDNF expression increases after psychostimulant exposures, and enhanced BDNF level in the VTA facilitates psychostimulant effects. The impact of VTA BDNF on the behavioral effects of psychostimulants relies primarily on its action within the mesocorticolimbic circuit. In the case of opiates, VTA BDNF expression and effects seem to be dependent on whether an animal is drug-naïve or has a history of drug use, only the latter of which is related to dopamine mechanisms. Social defeat stress that is continuous in mice or intermittent in rats increases VTA BDNF expression, and is associated with depressive and social avoidance behaviors. Intermittent social defeat stress induces persistent VTA BDNF expression that triggers psychostimulant cross-sensitization. Understanding the cellular and molecular substrates of neurotrophin effects may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of substance use and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Nikulina
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - C E Johnston
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - J Wang
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - R P Hammer
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Chartoff EH, Connery HS. It's MORe exciting than mu: crosstalk between mu opioid receptors and glutamatergic transmission in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:116. [PMID: 24904419 PMCID: PMC4034717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids selective for the G protein-coupled mu opioid receptor (MOR) produce potent analgesia and euphoria. Heroin, a synthetic opioid, is considered one of the most addictive substances, and the recent exponential rise in opioid addiction and overdose deaths has made treatment development a national public health priority. Existing medications (methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone), when combined with psychosocial therapies, have proven efficacy in reducing aspects of opioid addiction. Unfortunately, these medications have critical limitations including those associated with opioid agonist therapies (e.g., sustained physiological dependence and opioid withdrawal leading to high relapse rates upon discontinuation), non-adherence to daily dosing, and non-renewal of monthly injection with extended-release naltrexone. Furthermore, current medications fail to ameliorate key aspects of addiction such as powerful conditioned associations that trigger relapse (e.g., cues, stress, the drug itself). Thus, there is a need for developing novel treatments that target neural processes corrupted with chronic opioid use. This requires a basic understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying effects of opioids on synaptic transmission and plasticity within reward-related neural circuits. The focus of this review is to discuss how crosstalk between MOR-associated G protein signaling and glutamatergic neurotransmission leads to immediate and long-term effects on emotional states (e.g., euphoria, depression) and motivated behavior (e.g., drug-seeking, relapse). Our goal is to integrate findings on how opioids modulate synaptic release of glutamate and postsynaptic transmission via α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area with the clinical (neurobehavioral) progression of opioid dependence, as well as to identify gaps in knowledge that can be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena H Chartoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Hilary S Connery
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital Belmont, MA, USA
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Stockton SD, Devi LA. An integrated quantitative proteomics and systems biology approach to explore synaptic protein profile changes during morphine exposure. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:88-103. [PMID: 24045585 PMCID: PMC3857660 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Morphine is a classic analgesic for the treatment of chronic pain. However, its repeated use is known to produce tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction; these properties limit its long-term therapeutic use and this has led to a quest for therapeutics without these unwanted side effects. Understanding the molecular changes in response to long-term use of morphine is likely to aid in the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of pain. Studies examining the effects of chronic morphine administration have reported alterations in gene expression, synapse morphology, and synaptic transmission implying changes in synaptic protein profile. To fully understand the changes in protein profiles, proteomic techniques have been used. Studies using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of various brain regions combined with mass spectrometry have found alterations in the levels of a number of proteins. However, neither the changes in brain regions relevant to morphine effects nor changes in the abundance of synaptic proteins have been clearly delineated. Recent studies employing subcellular fractionation to isolate the striatal synapse, combined with quantitative proteomics and graph theory-inspired network analyses, have begun to quantify morphine-regulated changes in synaptic proteins and facilitate the generation of networks that could serve as targets for the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of chronic pain. Thus, an integrated quantitative proteomics and systems biology approach can be useful to identify novel targets for the treatment of pain and other disorders of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Stockton
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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