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Stirbet A, Lazár D, Guo Y, Govindjee G. Photosynthesis: basics, history and modelling. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 126:511-537. [PMID: 31641747 PMCID: PMC7489092 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With limited agricultural land and increasing human population, it is essential to enhance overall photosynthesis and thus productivity. Oxygenic photosynthesis begins with light absorption, followed by excitation energy transfer to the reaction centres, primary photochemistry, electron and proton transport, NADPH and ATP synthesis, and then CO2 fixation (Calvin-Benson cycle, as well as Hatch-Slack cycle). Here we cover some of the discoveries related to this process, such as the existence of two light reactions and two photosystems connected by an electron transport 'chain' (the Z-scheme), chemiosmotic hypothesis for ATP synthesis, water oxidation clock for oxygen evolution, steps for carbon fixation, and finally the diverse mechanisms of regulatory processes, such as 'state transitions' and 'non-photochemical quenching' of the excited state of chlorophyll a. SCOPE In this review, we emphasize that mathematical modelling is a highly valuable tool in understanding and making predictions regarding photosynthesis. Different mathematical models have been used to examine current theories on diverse photosynthetic processes; these have been validated through simulation(s) of available experimental data, such as chlorophyll a fluorescence induction, measured with fluorometers using continuous (or modulated) exciting light, and absorbance changes at 820 nm (ΔA820) related to redox changes in P700, the reaction centre of photosystem I. CONCLUSIONS We highlight here the important role of modelling in deciphering and untangling complex photosynthesis processes taking place simultaneously, as well as in predicting possible ways to obtain higher biomass and productivity in plants, algae and cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Allakhverdiev SI, Zharmukhamedov SK, Rodionova MV, Shuvalov VA, Dismukes C, Shen JR, Barber J, Samuelsson G. Vyacheslav (Slava) Klimov (1945-2017): A scientist par excellence, a great human being, a friend, and a Renaissance man. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 136:1-16. [PMID: 28921410 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vyacheslav Vasilevich (V.V.) Klimov (or Slava, as most of us called him) was born on January 12, 1945 and passed away on May 9, 2017. He began his scientific career at the Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Akademy Nauk (AN) SSSR), Moscow, Russia, and then, he was associated with the Institute of Photosynthesis, Pushchino, Moscow Region, for about 50 years. He worked in the field of biochemistry and biophysics of photosynthesis. He is known for his studies on the molecular organization of photosystem II (PSII). He was an eminent scientist in the field of photobiology, a well-respected professor, and, above all, an outstanding researcher. Further, he was one of the founding members of the Institute of Photosynthesis in Pushchino, Russia. To most, Slava Klimov was a great human being. He was one of the pioneers of research on the understanding of the mechanism of light energy conversion and of water oxidation in photosynthesis. Slava had many collaborations all over the world, and he is (and will be) very much missed by the scientific community and friends in Russia as well as around the World. We present here a brief biography and some comments on his research in photosynthesis. We remember him as a friendly and enthusiastic person who had an unflagging curiosity and energy to conduct outstanding research in many aspects of photosynthesis, especially that related to PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290.
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276.
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan.
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | - Sergey K Zharmukhamedov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Margarita V Rodionova
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Vladimir A Shuvalov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
- Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Charles Dismukes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 7008530, Japan
| | - James Barber
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Göran Samuelsson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90736, Umeå, Sweden
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Zharmukhamedov SK, Allakhverdiev SI, Smolova TN, Klimov VV. Bicarbonate stimulates the electron donation from Mn²⁺ to P₆₈₀⁺ in isolated D1/D2/cytochrome b559 complex. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2013; 129:87-92. [PMID: 24201105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Influence of bicarbonate on the efficiency of the electron donation from Mn(2+) to P₆₈₀(+) in isolated D1/D2/cytochrome b559 complex was investigated. All the experiments were carried out in a medium depleted of HCO₃(-)/CO₂. Kinetics of photoinduced absorbance changes (ΔA) at different wavelengths and decrease of chlorophyll fluorescence yield (-ΔF) related to photoaccumulation of reduced pheophytin, the intermediary electron acceptor of photosystem II (PSII), in the presence of Mn(2+) under anaerobic conditions were measured. Addition of bicarbonate (1 mM) increased the amplitude of these ΔA and -ΔF at least by a factor of 3. Measurements of the photoinduced ΔA, related to photooxidation of the primary electron donor of PSII, chlorophyll P₆₈₀, were done in the presence of silicomolybdate as electron acceptor. These results show that the addition of 0.05 mM Mn(2+) alone or jointly with 1 mM bicarbonate induces a 20% and 70%-decrease of the magnitude of the ΔA at 680 nm. The effect of Mn(2+) (in the presence and absence of bicarbonate) was completely eliminated by the addition of 12 mM EDTA. All these bicarbonate effects were not observed if MgCl₂ or formate were used instead of MnCl₂ and bicarbonate, respectively. In the absence of Mn(2+), bicarbonate induced none of the mentioned above effects (increase of photoaccumulation of reduced pheophytin and decrease of photooxidation of P680). The presented data suggest that bicarbonate stimulates the electron donation from Mn(2+) to D1/D2/cyt b559 reaction center evidently due to formation of easily oxidizable Mn-bicarbonate complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Zharmukhamedov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
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Forman A, Davis MS, Fujita I, Hanson LK, Smith KM, Fajer J. Mechanisms of Energy Transduction in Plant Photosynthesis: ESR, ENDOR and MOs of the Primary Acceptors. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.198100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ke B. The Reaction-Center Complex of Photosystem II: Early Electron-Transfer Components and Reactions. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.198100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Stirbet A. Chlorophyll a fluorescence induction: a personal perspective of the thermal phase, the J-I-P rise. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2012; 113:15-61. [PMID: 22810945 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-012-9754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The fast (up to 1 s) chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence induction (FI) curve, measured under saturating continuous light, has a photochemical phase, the O-J rise, related mainly to the reduction of Q(A), the primary electron acceptor plastoquinone of Photosystem II (PSII); here, the fluorescence rise depends strongly on the number of photons absorbed. This is followed by a thermal phase, the J-I-P rise, which disappears at subfreezing temperatures. According to the mainstream interpretation of the fast FI, the variable fluorescence originates from PSII antenna, and the oxidized Q(A) is the most important quencher influencing the O-J-I-P curve. As the reaction centers of PSII are gradually closed by the photochemical reduction of Q(A), Chl fluorescence, F, rises from the O level (the minimal level) to the P level (the peak); yet, the relationship between F and [Q(A) (-)] is not linear, due to the presence of other quenchers and modifiers. Several alternative theories have been proposed, which give different interpretations of the O-J-I-P transient. The main idea in these alternative theories is that in saturating light, Q(A) is almost completely reduced already at the end of the photochemical phase O-J, but the fluorescence yield is lower than its maximum value due to the presence of either a second quencher besides Q(A), or there is an another process quenching the fluorescence; in the second quencher hypothesis, this quencher is consumed (or the process of quenching the fluorescence is reversed) during the thermal phase J-I-P. In this review, we discuss these theories. Based on our critical examination, that includes pros and cons of each theory, as well mathematical modeling, we conclude that the mainstream interpretation of the O-J-I-P transient is the most credible one, as none of the alternative ideas provide adequate explanation or experimental proof for the almost complete reduction of Q(A) at the end of the O-J phase, and for the origin of the fluorescence rise during the thermal phase. However, we suggest that some of the factors influencing the fluorescence yield that have been proposed in these newer theories, as e.g., the membrane potential ΔΨ, as suggested by Vredenberg and his associates, can potentially contribute to modulate the O-J-I-P transient in parallel with the reduction of Q(A), through changes at the PSII antenna and/or at the reaction center, or, possibly, through the control of the oxidation-reduction of the PQ-pool, including proton transfer into the lumen, as suggested by Rubin and his associates. We present in this review our personal perspective mainly on our understanding of the thermal phase, the J-I-P rise during Chl a FI in plants and algae.
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Chen G, Allahverdiyeva Y, Aro EM, Styring S, Mamedov F. Electron paramagnetic resonance study of the electron transfer reactions in photosystem II membrane preparations from Arabidopsis thaliana. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:205-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kato Y, Sugiura M, Oda A, Watanabe T. Spectroelectrochemical determination of the redox potential of pheophytin a, the primary electron acceptor in photosystem II. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:17365-70. [PMID: 19805064 PMCID: PMC2765088 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0905388106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thin-layer cell spectroelectrochemistry, featuring rigorous potential control and rapid redox equilibration within the cell, was used to measure the redox potential E(m)(Phe a/Phe a(-)) of pheophytin (Phe) a, the primary electron acceptor in an oxygen-evolving photosystem (PS) II core complex from a thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus. Interferences from dissolved O(2) and water reductions were minimized by airtight sealing of the sample cell added with dithionite and mercury plating on the gold minigrid working electrode surface, respectively. The result obtained at a physiological pH of 6.5 was E(m)(Phe a/Phe a(-)) = -505 + or - 6 mV vs. SHE, which is by approximately 100 mV more positive than the values measured approximately 30 years ago at nonphysiological pH and widely accepted thereafter in the field of photosynthesis research. Using the P680* - Phe a free energy difference, as estimated from kinetic analyses by previous authors, the present result would locate the E(m)(P680/P680(+)) value, which is one of the key parameters but still resists direct measurements, at approximately +1,210 mV. In view of these pieces of information, a renewed diagram is proposed for the energetics in PS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kato
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; and
| | - Miwa Sugiura
- Cell-Free Science and Technology Research Center, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Akinori Oda
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; and
| | - Tadashi Watanabe
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; and
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Cox N, Hughes JL, Steffen R, Smith PJ, Rutherford AW, Pace RJ, Krausz E. Identification of the QY Excitation of the Primary Electron Acceptor of Photosystem II: CD Determination of Its Coupling Environment. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:12364-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp808796x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Cox
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joseph L. Hughes
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ronald Steffen
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Paul J. Smith
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. William Rutherford
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ron J. Pace
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Elmars Krausz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia, and iBiTec-S, CNRS URA 2096, Bât 532, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Thapper A, Mamedov F, Mokvist F, Hammarström L, Styring S. Defining the far-red limit of photosystem II in spinach. THE PLANT CELL 2009; 21:2391-401. [PMID: 19700631 PMCID: PMC2751953 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.108.064154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The far-red limit of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry was studied in PSII-enriched membranes and PSII core preparations from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) after application of laser flashes between 730 and 820 nm. Light up to 800 nm was found to drive PSII activity in both acceptor side reduction and oxidation of the water-oxidizing CaMn(4) cluster. Far-red illumination induced enhancement of, and slowed down decay kinetics of, variable fluorescence. Both effects reflect reduction of the acceptor side of PSII. The effects on the donor side of PSII were monitored using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Signals from the S(2)-, S(3)-, and S(0)-states could be detected after one, two, and three far-red flashes, respectively, indicating that PSII underwent conventional S-state transitions. Full PSII turnover was demonstrated by far-red flash-induced oxygen release, with oxygen appearing on the third flash. In addition, both the pheophytin anion and the Tyr Z radical were formed by far-red flashes. The efficiency of this far-red photochemistry in PSII decreases with increasing wavelength. The upper limit for detectable photochemistry in PSII on a single flash was determined to be 780 nm. In photoaccumulation experiments, photochemistry was detectable up to 800 nm. Implications for the energetics and energy levels of the charge separated states in PSII are discussed in light of the presented results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Thapper
- Department of Photochemistry, Angström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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Ohnishi N, Kashino Y, Satoh K, Ozawa SI, Takahashi Y. Chloroplast-encoded Polypeptide PsbT Is Involved in the Repair of Primary Electron Acceptor QA of Photosystem II during Photoinhibition in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:7107-15. [PMID: 17215255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m606763200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PsbT is a small chloroplast-encoded hydrophobic polypeptide associated with the D1/D2 heterodimer of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center and is required for the efficient post-translational repair of photodamaged PSII. Here we addressed that role in detail in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii wild type and DeltapsbT cells by analyzing the activities of PSII, the assembly of PSII proteins, and the redox components of PSII during photoinhibition and repair. Strong illumination of cells for 15 min decreased the activities of electron transfer through PSII and Q(A) photoreduction by 50%, and it reduced the amount of atomic manganese by 20%, but it did not affect the steady-state level of PSII proteins, photoreduction of pheophytin (pheo(D1)), and the amount of bound plastoquinone (Q(A)), indicating that the decrease in PSII activity resulted mainly from inhibition of the electron transfer from pheo(D1) to Q(A). In wild type cells, we observed parallel recovery of electron transfer activity through PSII and Q(A) photoreduction, suggesting that the recovery of Q(A) activity is one of the rate-limiting steps of PSII repair. In DeltapsbT cells, the repairs of electron transfer activity through PSII and of Q(A) photoreduction activity were both impaired, but PSII protein turnover was unaffected. Moreover, about half the Q(A) was lost from the PSII core complex during purification. Since PsbT is intimately associated with the Q(A)-binding region on D2, we propose that this polypeptide enhances the efficient recovery of Q(A) photoreduction by stabilizing the structure of the Q(A)-binding region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Ohnishi
- The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Xiong L, Seibert M, Gusev AV, Wasielewski MR, Hemann C, Hille CR, Sayre RT. Substitution of a Chlorophyll into the Inactive Branch Pheophytin-Binding Site Impairs Charge Separation in Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040262d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiong
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Michael Seibert
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Alexey V. Gusev
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Craig Hemann
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - C. Russ Hille
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Richard T. Sayre
- Departments of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology and Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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EPR detection of the primary photochemistry of photosystem II in a barley mutant lacking photosystem I activity. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rutherford A, Zimmermann J, Mathis P. The effect of herbicides on components of the PS II reaction centre measured by EPR. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)80161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rutherford A, Mathis P. A relationship between the midpoint potential of the primary acceptor and low temperature photochemistry in photosystem II. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shuvalov V, Klimov V, Dolan E, Parson W, Ke B. Nanosecond fluorescence and absorbance changes in photosystem II at low redox potential. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Klimov V, Ke B, Dolan E. Effect of photoreduction of the photosystem-II intermediary electron acceptor (pheophytin) on triplet state of carotenoids. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)81232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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EPR measurements on the effects of bicarbonate and triazine resistance on the acceptor side of Photosystem II. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)80744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Petrouleas V, Diner BA. Investigation of the iron components in photosystem II by Mössbauer spectroscopy. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)81022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Atkinson Y, Evans M. Electron acceptors of photosystem 2 in the cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Time resolved EPR on photosystem II particles after irreversible and reversible inhibition of water cleavage with high concentrations of acetate. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Arnon DI, Tang GMS. Photoreduction of NADP+
by a chloroplast photosystem II preparation: effect of light intensity. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Photoinhibition: Impairment of the primary charge separation between P-680 and pheophytin in photosystem II of chloroplasts. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Diner BA. [23]Application of spectroscopic techniques to the Study of Photosystem II Mutations Engineered in Synechocystis and Chlamydomonas. Methods Enzymol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(98)97025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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van der Vos R, Hoff AJ. Optically-detected magnetic field effects on the Dl-D2-cyt b-559 complex of Photosystem II. Temperature dependence of kinetics and structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(94)00167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Volk M, Gilbert M, Rousseau G, Richter M, Ogrodnik A, Michel-Beyerle ME. Similarity of primary radical pair recombination in photosystem II and bacterial reaction centers. FEBS Lett 1993; 336:357-62. [PMID: 8262262 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80837-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We report temperature and magnetic field dependent measurements of the recombination dynamics of the radical pair P680+Pheo- in D1D2cytb559 reaction centers of photosystem II and compare the results to those obtained in bacterial reaction centers. In photosystem II the rate of recombination to the groundstate is found to be slower than in the bacterial reaction centers by a factor of at least 50. This difference arises from the different redox potentials of the pigments of plant and bacterial reaction centers. In contrast, the rate of recombination to the triplet state is similar in all reaction centers, indicating a similar electronic coupling which allows us to conclude upon the structural similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Volk
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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29
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Debus RJ. The manganese and calcium ions of photosynthetic oxygen evolution. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1102:269-352. [PMID: 1390827 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(92)90133-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 970] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R J Debus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Riverside 92521-0129
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30
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van Wijk KJ, Andersson B, Styring S. Spectroscopic characterization of photoinhibited Photosystem II and kinetic resolution of the triggering of the D1 reaction center protein for degradation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(92)90083-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Kirilovsky DL, Boussac AG, van Mieghem FJ, Ducruet JM, Sétif PR, Yu JJ, Vermaas WF, Rutherford AW. Oxygen-evolving photosystem II preparation from wild type and photosystem II mutants of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Biochemistry 1992; 31:2099-107. [PMID: 1311205 DOI: 10.1021/bi00122a030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We present here a simple and rapid method which allows relatively large quantities of oxygen-evolving photosystem II- (PS-II-) enriched particles to be obtained from wild-type and mutants of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803. This method is based on that of Burnap et al. [Burnap, R., Koike, H., Sotiropoulou, G., Sherman, L. A., & Inoue, Y. (1989) Photosynth. Res. 22, 123-130] but is modified so that the whole preparation, from cells to PS-II particles, is achieved in 10 h and involves only one purification step. The purified preparation exhibits a 5-6-fold increase of O2-evolution activity on a chlorophyll basis over the thylakoids. The ratio of PS-I to PS-II is about 0.14:1 in the preparation. The secondary quinone electron acceptor, QB, is present in this preparation as demonstrated by thermoluminescence studies. These PS-II particles are well-suited to spectroscopic studies as demonstrated by the range of EPR signals arising from components of PS-II that are easily detectable. Among the EPR signals presented are those from a formal S3-state, attributed to an oxidized amino acid interacting magnetically with the Mn complex in Ca(2+)-deficient PS-II particles, and from S2 modified by the replacement of Ca2+ by Sr2+. Neither of these signals has been previously reported in cyanobacteria. Their detection under these conditions indicates a similar lesion caused by Ca2+ depletion in both plants and cyanobacteria. The protocol has also been applied to mutants which have site-specific changes in PS-II. Data are presented on mutants having changes on the electron donor (Y160F) and electron acceptor (G215W) side of the D2 polypeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Kirilovsky
- Département de Biologie, URA CNRS 1290, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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32
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Preparation and characterisation of Photosystem II core particles with and without bound bicarbonate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Miller AF, Brudvig GW. A guide to electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of Photosystem II membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1056:1-18. [PMID: 1845842 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This guide is intended to aid in the detection and identification of paramagnetic species in Photosystem II membranes, by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The spectral features and occurrence of each of the electron paramagnetic resonance signals from Photosystem II are discussed, in relation to the nature of the moiety giving rise to the signal and the role of that species in photosynthetic electron transport. Examples of most of the signals discussed are shown. The electron paramagnetic resonance signals produced by the cytochrome b6f and Photosystem I complexes, as well as the signals from other common contaminants, are also reviewed. Furthermore, references to seminal experiments on bacterial reaction centers are included. By reviewing both the spectroscopic and biochemical bases for the electron paramagnetic resonance signals of the cofactors that mediate photosynthetic electron transport, this paper provides an introduction to the use and interpretation of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in the study of Photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254
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34
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Strong light photoinhibition of electrontransport in Photosystem II. Impairment of the function of the first quinone acceptor, QA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(90)90031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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The influence of the quinone-iron electron acceptor complex on the reaction centre photochemistry of Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(89)80073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Kazakova A, Kisselev B, Kozlov Y. Electrochemical reduction of pheophytin and its participation in the functioning of photosystem II. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(89)87236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Electrochemical reduction of pheophytin and its participation in the functioning of photosystem II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0302-4598(89)85014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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Schlodder E, Brettel K. Primary charge separation in closed Photosystem II with a lifetime of 11 ns. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90052-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Warden JT, Csatorday K. On the mechanism of linolenic acid inhibition in Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 890:215-23. [PMID: 2879567 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies in our laboratory have reexamined the interaction of the unsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid, with Photosystem II and have documented two principal regions of inhibition: one associated with the donor complex (Signal 2f or D1) to the reaction center, and the other located on the reducing side between pheophytin and Qa (Golbeck, J.H. and Warden, J.T. (1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 767, 263-271). A further characterization of fatty acid inhibition of secondary electron transport in Photosystem II at room and cryogenic temperatures is presented in this paper. These studies demonstrate that linolenic acid, and related fatty acid analogs, eliminate the transient absorption increase at 320 nm, attributed to Qa-; abolish the production, either chemically or photochemically, of the ESR signal (Q-Fe) associated with the bound quinone acceptor, Qa-; and prevent the photooxidation of Signal 2(1t)(D1) at cryogenic temperature. Linolenic-acid-treated samples are characterized by a high initial fluorescence yield (Fi) equivalent to the maximum level of fluorescence (Fmax); however, the spin-polarized triplet, associated with the reaction-center electron donor, P-680, is observed only in inhibited samples that have been prereduced with sodium dithionite. These results suggest the presence of an additional acceptor intermediate between pheophytin and Qa. The donor-assisted photoaccumulation of pheophytin anion in Photosystem II particles, as monitored by the decline of fluorescence yield, is inhibited by linolenic acid. Redox titrations of the fluorescence yield in control and inhibited preparations demonstrate that the midpoint potential for the primary acceptor for Photosystem II is insensitive to the fatty acid (Em approximately -583 mV) and thus indicate that primary photochemistry is functional during linolenic-acid inhibition. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that unsaturated fatty acids inhibit secondary electron transport in Photosystem II via displacement of endogenous quinone from quinone-binding peptides.
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40
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Hoff A. Chapter 5 Electron paramagnetic resonance in photosynthesis. NEW COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Mathis P, Rutherford A. Chapter 4 The primary reactions of photosystems I and II of algae and higher plants. NEW COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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42
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Fragata M, Popovic R, Camm EL, Leblanc RM. Pheophytin-mediated energy storage of photosystem II particles detected by photoacoustic spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1987; 14:71-80. [PMID: 24430568 DOI: 10.1007/bf00019593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/1987] [Accepted: 05/27/1987] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The photoacoustic (PA) characteristics (energy storage and heat dissipation) of photosystem II (PSII) core-enriched particles from barley were studied (i) in conditions where there was electron flow, i.e., in the presence of a combination of the electron acceptor K3 Fe (CN)6, referred to as FeCN, and the electron donor diphenylcarbazide (DPC), and (ii) in conditions where electron flow was suppressed, i.e., in the absence of FeCN and DPC. The experimental data show that a decrease of heat dissipation with a minimum at ∼ 540 nm can be interpreted as energy storage resulting from the presence of pheophytin (Pheo) in the PSII particles. On account of the capability of the PA method to measure the energy absorbed by the chromophores which is converted to heat, it is suggested that the PA detection of Pheo present in the PSII complex will permit to clarify the function of processes involving non-radiative relaxation of excited states in P680-Pheo-QA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fragata
- Centre de recherche en photobiophysique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
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43
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Mathis P. Structural aspects of vectorial electron transfer in photosynthetic reaction centers. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1986; 8:97-111. [PMID: 24443207 DOI: 10.1007/bf00035241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/1985] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Structural aspects of photosynthetic reaction centers in bacteria and plants are discussed in relation with the ability of these structures to perform a photoinduced electron transfer from one side of the membrane to the other. A comparison is made with recently synthesized artificial models. Functional similarities between the acceptor sides of bacterial and of Photosystem-II centers are utilized to hypothesize on their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mathis
- Département de Biologie, Service de Biophysique, CEN Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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44
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Van Rensen JJ, Snel JF. Regulation of photosynthetic electron transport by bicarbonate formate and herbicides in isolated broken and intact chloroplasts. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1985; 6:231-246. [PMID: 24442922 DOI: 10.1007/bf00049280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/1984] [Revised: 10/24/1984] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have presented a minireview on the interaction of bicarbonate, formate and herbicides with the thylakoid membranes.The regulation of photosynthetic electron transport by bicarbonate, formate and herbicides is described. Bicarbonate, formate, and many herbicides act between the primary quinone electron acceptor QA and the plastoquinone pool. Many herbicides like the ureas, triazines and the phenol-type herbicides act, probably, by the displacement of the secondary quinone electron acceptor QB from its binding site on a QB-binding protein located at the acceptor side of Photosystem II. Formate appears to be an inhibitor of electron transport; this inhibition can be removed by the addition of bicarbonate. There appears to be an interaction of the herbicides with bicarbonate and/or It has been suggested that both the binding of a herbicide and the absence of bicarbonate may cause a conformational alteration of the environment of the QB-binding site. The alteration brought about by a herbicide decreases the affinity for another herbicide or for bicarbonate; the change caused by the absence of bicarbonate decreases the affinity for herbicides. Moreover, this change in conformation causes an inhibition of electron transport. A bicarbonate-effect in isolated intact chloroplasts is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Van Rensen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiological Research, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Orientation of EPR signals arising from components in Photosystem II membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Yamagishi A, Katoh S. Further characterization of the two Photosystem II reaction center complex preparations from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Bricker TM, Pakrasi HB, Sherman LA. Characterization of a spinach photosystem II core preparation isolated by a simplified method. Arch Biochem Biophys 1985; 237:170-6. [PMID: 3882055 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(85)90266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A photosystem II core complex from spinach exhibiting high rates of electron transport was obtained rapidly and in high yield by treatment of a Tris-extracted, O2-evolving photosystem II preparation with the detergent dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside. The core complex was essentially free of light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein and photosystem I polypeptides, and was highly enriched in the polypeptides associated with the photosystem II reaction center (45 and 49 kDa), cytochrome b559, and three polypeptides in the region 32-34 kDa. The photosystem II core complex contained two chlorophyll-proteins which had a slightly higher apparent molecular mass than CPa-1 and CPa-2. Additionally, a high-molecular-mass chlorophyll-protein complex termed CPa* was observed, which exhibited a low fluorescence yield when illuminated with ultraviolet light. This observation suggests that CPa* contains a functionally efficient quencher of chlorophyll fluorescence, possibly P680.
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48
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Rutherford A, Zimmermann J. A new EPR signal attributed to the primary plastosemiquinone acceptor in Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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49
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50
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Nakatani H, Ke B, Dolan E, Arntzen C. Identity of the Photosystem II reaction center polypeptide. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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