1
|
Huang D, Liu Y, Liu Y, Di D, Wang H, Yang W. Preparation of metal–organic frameworks with bimetallic linkers and corresponding properties. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00433e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with bimetallic linkers were synthesized through a facile reflux route.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
| | - Yi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Wu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma AK, Gaur K, Tiwari RK, Gaur MS. Computational interaction analysis of organophosphorus pesticides with different metabolic proteins in humans. J Biomed Res 2013; 25:335-47. [PMID: 23554709 PMCID: PMC3596730 DOI: 10.1016/s1674-8301(11)60045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides have the potential to leave harmful effects on humans, animals, other living organisms, and the environment. Several human metabolic proteins inhibited after exposure to organophosphorus pesticides absorbed through the skin, inhalation, eyes and oral mucosa, are most important targets for this interaction study. The crystal structure of five different proteins, PDBIDs: 3LII, 3NXU, 4GTU, 2XJ1 and 1YXA in Homo sapiens (H. sapiens), interact with organophosphorus pesticides at the molecular level. The 3-D structures were found to be of good quality and validated through PROCHECK, ERRAT and ProSA servers. The results show that the binding energy is maximum -45.21 relative units of cytochrome P450 protein with phosmet pesticide. In terms of H-bonding, methyl parathion and parathion with acetylcholinesterase protein, parathion, methylparathion and phosmet with protein kinase C show the highest interaction. We conclude that these organophosphorus pesticides are more toxic and inhibit enzymatic activity by interrupting the metabolic pathways in H. sapiens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Sharma
- Pesticides Research & Sensors Laboratory, Department of Physics, Hindustan College of Science and Technology, Farah, Mathura-281122 (U.P.) India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Enayati AA, Ranson H, Hemingway J. Insect glutathione transferases and insecticide resistance. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2005; 14:3-8. [PMID: 15663770 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2004.00529.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are a diverse family of enzymes found ubiquitously in aerobic organisms. They play a central role in the detoxification of both endogenous and xenobiotic compounds and are also involved in intracellular transport, biosynthesis of hormones and protection against oxidative stress. Interest in insect GSTs has primarily focused on their role in insecticide resistance. GSTs can metabolize insecticides by facilitating their reductive dehydrochlorination or by conjugation reactions with reduced glutathione, to produce water-soluble metabolites that are more readily excreted. In addition, they contribute to the removal of toxic oxygen free radical species produced through the action of pesticides. Annotation of the Anopheles gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster genomes has revealed the full extent of this enzyme family in insects. This mini review describes the insect GST enzyme family, focusing specifically on their role in conferring insecticide resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Enayati
- School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Papadopoulos AI, Polemitou I, Laifi P, Yiangou A, Tananaki C. Glutathione S-transferase in the insect Apis mellifera macedonica kinetic characteristics and effect of stress on the expression of GST isoenzymes in the adult worker bee. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2004; 139:93-7. [PMID: 15556070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2004.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2004] [Revised: 09/21/2004] [Accepted: 09/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferase present in the adult worker bee Apis mellifera macedonica was purified and analyzed for its physicochemical and kinetic properties. The enzyme is heterodimeric with subunit molecular masses of 29 and 25 kDa, respectively. Two main isoenzymes with distinct kinetic properties are present, with isoelectric points of 7.40 for the alkaline and 4.58 for the acidic forms, respectively. The two enzymes are induced independently by factors such as insecticide treatments and environmental conditions, including low temperatures or starvation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios I Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54006, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pongjaroenkit S, Jirajaroenrat K, Boonchauy C, Chanama U, Leetachewa S, Prapanthadara L, Ketterman AJ. Genomic organization and putative promoters of highly conserved glutathione S-transferases originating by alternative splicing in Anopheles dirus. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2001; 31:75-85. [PMID: 11102837 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The genomic DNA of a GST class I alternative splicing gene has been characterized from Anopheles dirus, a Thai malaria vector. This gene organization is highly conserved in An. dirus and Anopheles gambiae (aggst1alpha), with >80% nucleotide identity in the coding region. Their gene organization contains six exons for four mature GST transcripts, which share exon 1 and exon 2 but vary between four different exon 3 sequences (exon 3A-3D). The deduced amino acid sequence of the GST transcripts from these two genes also shows very high conservation, with 85-93% identity for each orthologous gene. Two putative promoters and possible regulatory elements were predicted by a combination of the TSSW and MatInspector programs. The Ad214 promoter is proposed to be involved in developmental stage regulation. The Ad2112 promoter would appear to respond to intra- or extracellular stimuli. These two Anopheline species appear to have diverged in the distant past based on gene neighbors and phylogenetic data, yet these GST genes are still conserved. Therefore it is highly probable that this GST gene organization has one or more important roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pongjaroenkit
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, 73170, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prapanthadara L, Promtet N, Koottathep S, Somboon P, Ketterman AJ. Isoenzymes of glutathione S-transferase from the mosquito Anopheles dirus species B: the purification, partial characterization and interaction with various insecticides. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2000; 30:395-403. [PMID: 10745163 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Previously we have purified and characterized a major glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, GST-4a, from the Thai mosquito Anopheles dirus B, a model mosquito for study of anopheline malaria vectors [Prapanthadara, L. Koottathep, S., Promtet, N., Hemingway, J. and Ketterman, A.J. (1996) Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 26:3, 277-285]. In this report we have purified an isoenzyme, GST-4c, which has the greatest DDT-dehydrochlorinase activity. Three additional isoenzymes, GST-4b, GST-5 and GST-6, were also partially purified and characterized for comparison. All of the Anopheles GST isoenzymes preferred 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as an electrophilic substrate. In kinetic studies with CDNB as an electrophilic substrate, the V(max) of GST-4c was 24.38 micromole/min/mg which was seven-fold less than GST-4a. The two isoenzymes also possessed different K(m)s for CDNB and glutathione. Despite being only partially pure GST-4b had nearly a four-fold greater V(max) for CDNB than GST-4c. In contrast, GST-4c possessed the greatest DDT-dehydrochlorinase specific activity among the purified insect GST isoenzymes and no activity was detected for GST-5. Seven putative GST substrates used in this study were not utilized by An. dirus GSTs, although they were capable of inhibiting CDNB conjugating activity to different extents for the different isoenzymes. Bromosulfophthalein and ethacrynic acid were the most potent inhibitors. The inhibition studies demonstrate different degrees of interaction of the An. dirus isoenzymes with various insecticides. The GSTs were inhibited more readily by organochlorines and pyrethroids than by the phosphorothioates and carbamate. In a comparison between An. dirus and previous data from An. gambiae the two anopheline species possess a similar pattern of GST isoenzymes although the individual enzymes differ significantly at the functional level. The available data suggests there may be a minimum of three GST classes in anopheline insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Prapanthadara
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiangmai University, Chiangmai, Thailand.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hemingway J, Ranson H. Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2000; 45:371-91. [PMID: 10761582 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ento.45.1.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 846] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is an increasing problem in many insect vectors of disease. Our knowledge of the basic mechanisms underlying resistance to commonly used insecticides is well established. Molecular techniques have recently allowed us to start and dissect most of these mechanisms at the DNA level. The next major challenge will be to use this molecular understanding of resistance to develop novel strategies with which we can truly manage resistance. State-of-the-art information on resistance in insect vectors of disease is reviewed in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Hemingway
- School of Biosciences, University of Wales Cardiff
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ranson H, Cornel AJ, Fournier D, Vaughan A, Collins FH, Hemingway J. Cloning and localization of a glutathione S-transferase class I gene from Anopheles gambiae. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:5464-8. [PMID: 9038148 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.9.5464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) resistance in both adults and larvae of Anopheles gambiae is mediated by stage-specific glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). On the basis of their biochemical characteristics the larval resistance-associated GSTs are likely to be insect class I GSTs. Aggst1-2, a class I GST gene, which is expressed in larvae, has been cloned from the malaria vector A. gambiae. The gene was inserted into a bacterial expression system, and the detection of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) conjugating activity in Eschericia coli expressing the recombinant enzyme confirmed that aggst1-2 encodes a catalytically active GST. The gene encodes a 209 amino acid protein with 46% sequence similarity to a Drosophila melanogaster class I GST (GST-D1), 44% similarity with a Musca domestica class I GST (MdGST-1), but only low levels of homology with class II insect GSTs, including the adult specific AgGST2-1 from A. gambiae. Southern analysis of genomic DNA indicated that A. gambiae has multiple class I GSTs. In situ hybridization of class I genomic and cDNA clones to polytene chromosomes identified a single region of complementarity on chromosome 2R division 18B, suggesting that these class I GSTs in A. gambiae are arranged sequentially in the genome. Three positive overlapping recombinant clones were identified from an A. gambiae genomic library. Mapping and partial sequencing of these clones suggests that there are several GSTs and truncated GST pseudogenes within the 30kb of DNA that these clones span.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ranson
- Department of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales, Cardiff CF1 3TL, Wales, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Prapanthadara LA, Koottathep S, Promtet N, Hemingway J, Ketterman AJ. Purification and characterization of a major glutathione S-transferase from the mosquito Anopheles dirus (species B). INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1996; 26:277-285. [PMID: 8900597 DOI: 10.1016/0965-1748(95)00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The major form of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity from the mosquito Anopheles dirus (species B), a vector of malaria in Thailand has been purified 421-fold. It constituted approx. 20% of the total measured CDNB conjugating activity in the homogenate. This enzyme appeared as a single band of 25.0 +/- 0.26 kDa on SDS-PAGE and was kinetically characterized with 10 substrates and 4 inhibitors. The enzyme is capable of catalysing dehydrochlorination of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) in vitro at a rate of 4.4 nmol of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDE) formation per mg protein. This is comparable to the rate of catalysis of the orthologous isoenzyme from An. gambiae reported previously. The IC50 plots of the inhibitor data (fractional velocity vs log [I]) for three of the inhibitors indicate the homogenous nature of this enzyme. However, inhibition by ethacrynic acid demonstrates more than a single affinity site for interaction. The six N-terminal amino acids of the purified enzyme are identical to a GST reported from Aedes aegypti, which was indicated to play a role in DDT-resistance in this species. The results suggest that the two enzymes may belong to the same class, however each possesses a different specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L A Prapanthadara
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiangmai University, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leszczynski B, Matok M, Dixon AFG. Detoxification of cereal plant allelochemicals by aphids: Activity and molecular weights of glutathioneS-transferase in three species of cereal aphids. J Chem Ecol 1994; 20:387-94. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02064445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/1993] [Accepted: 10/12/1993] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
12
|
Chien C, Dauterman W. Studies on glutathione S-transferase in Helicoverpa ( = Heliothis) zea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(91)90092-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
Clark AG, Marshall SN, Qureshi AR. Synthesis and use of an isoform-specific affinity matrix in the purification of glutathione S-transferases from the housefly, Musca domestica (L.). Protein Expr Purif 1990; 1:121-6. [PMID: 2136233 DOI: 10.1016/1046-5928(90)90004-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione may be linked to an agarose matrix which has been activated by treatment with epichlorhydrin. The resulting resin displayed group selectivity for the glutathione S-transferases of the housefly Musca domestica (L). The isoenzymes of low isoelectric point, which have little activity with substrates other than 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, bound strongly to this matrix and were eluted with 10 mM glutathione at pH 7.4. On the other hand, the group of isoenzymes of higher isoelectric point, showing activity with other substrates such as 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene, did not bind. These isoenzymes did bind to a sulfobromophthalein-glutathione conjugate immobilized on agarose and could be eluted with 5 mM sulfobromophthalein at pH 7.4. The immobilized glutathione resin bound rat liver glutathione S-transferase subunits from all three molecular weight classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Clark
- School of Biological Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brogdon WG, Barber AM. Microplate assay of glutathione s-transferase activity for resistance detection in single-mosquito triturates. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1990; 96:339-42. [PMID: 2361364 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(90)90385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
1. Optimum conditions are described for a simple, rapid microplate assay that measures glutathione s-transferase (GST) activity accurately and precisely in small portions of single mosquito homogenates. 2. Up to 10 assay replicates were possible for individual adults and larvae. Concentration of GST activity in the head/thorax region allows blood-fed mosquitoes with abdomens removed to be used in assays. 3. The method allows the use of GST activity as a biochemical character in comparative studies of populations. 4. The microplate assay detects elevated GST activities associated with DDT resistance in Anopheles arabiensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W G Brogdon
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Balabaskaran S, Chuen SS, Muniandy S. Glutathione S-transferase from the diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella linnaeus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(89)90050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Clark AG. The comparative enzymology of the glutathione S-transferases from non-vertebrate organisms. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 92:419-46. [PMID: 2650986 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(89)90114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A G Clark
- Biochemistry Department, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Brattsten LB. Enzymic adaptations in leaf-feeding insects to host-plant allelochemicals. J Chem Ecol 1988; 14:1919-39. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01013486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/1987] [Accepted: 03/15/1988] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
18
|
Grant DF, Matsumura F. Glutathione S-transferase-1 in Aedes aegypti larvae: Purification and properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(88)90014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Dierickx PJ. Soluble glutathione transferase isoenzymes in Daphnia magna straus and their interaction with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1,4-benzoquinone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(87)90136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|