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Seyidahmet S, Dönmez F, Yardım Y, Şentürk Z. Simple, rapid, and sensitive electrochemical determination of antithyroid drug methimazole using a boron-doped diamond electrode. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Determination of selenomethionine and seleno-methyl-selenocysteine in biota by ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic digestion and multi-shot stir bar sorptive extraction–thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1300:151-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yao X, Wang Y, Chen G. Simultaneous determination of aminothiols, ascorbic acid and uric acid in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 21:520-6. [PMID: 17294501 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A method based on capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection has been employed for the separation and determination of homocysteine, cysteine, reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid and uric acid. Effects of several important factors such as the acidity and concentration of the running buffer, separation voltage, injection time and detection potential were investigated to acquire the optimum conditions. The detection electrode was a 500 microm diameter platinum disk electrode at a working potential of +1.05 V (vs saturated calomel electrode). The five analytes were well separated within 10 min in a 50 cm long fused silica capillary at a separation voltage of 18 kV in a 100 mm phosphate buffer (pH 7.8). The relation between peak current and analyte concentration was linear over about 3 orders of magnitude with the detection limits (S/N = 3) ranging from 0.83 to 2.58 microm. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine cysteine, reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid and uric acid in human whole blood and rat brain tissues with satisfactory assay results and should find a wide range of bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Mannino S, Camera C, Chatrathi MP, Scampicchio M, Zima J. Microchip capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection for rapid separation and detection of seleno amino acids. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1091:177-82. [PMID: 16395808 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article describes an effective microchip capillary-electrophoresis protocol for rapid and effective measurements of food-related seleno amino acids, including Se-methionine (Se-Met), Se-ethionine (Se-Eth), Se-methyl cysteine (Se-Cys), utilizing o-phtaldialdeyde/2-mercaptoethanol (OPA/2-ME) derivatization. Relevant parameters of the chip separation and amperometric detection are examined and optimized using a response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimum conditions, the analytes could be separated and detected in a 30 mM borate buffer (pH 9.3, with 28 mM sodium dodecul sulfate) within 300 s using a separation voltage of 2000V and a detection voltage of +0.9 V. Linear calibration plots are observed for micromolar concentrations of the Se-amino acid compounds. The negligible sample volumes used in the microchip procedure obviates surface fouling common to amperometric measurements of selenoamino-acid compounds. The new microchip protocol offers great promise for a wide range of food applications requiring fast measurements and negligible sample consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Wang
- Departments of Chemical and Materials Engineering and Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
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Yang L, Wei W, Xia J, Tao H, Yang P. Capacitive Biosensor for Glutathione Detection Based on Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymer and Kinetic Investigation of the Recognition Process. ELECTROANAL 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200403195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yang L, Sturgeon RE, McSheehy S, Mester Z. Comparison of extraction methods for quantitation of methionine and selenomethionine in yeast by species specific isotope dilution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1055:177-84. [PMID: 15560494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen extraction methods commonly cited in the literature were evaluated for the quantitation of methionine (Met) and selenomethionine (SeMet) in a yeast candidate certified reference material (CRM). Species specific isotope dilution (ID) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized to effectively compensate for potential errors, such as losses during derivatization and clean up steps. Despite different extraction methods, the same derivatization procedure using methyl chloroformate was applied with a single exception, which was based on digestion with cyanogen bromide with 2% SnCl2 in 0.1 M HCl. Significant differences in measured Met and SeMet concentrations were obtained when different extraction methods were used. A 4 M methanesulfonic acid reflux digestion was found to be the most efficient for both analytes. Digestion with CNBr with 2% SnCl2 in 0.1 M HCl for the determination of SeMet showed the second highest extraction efficiency. Despite frequent use of enzymatic hydrolysis for the extraction of SeMet from yeast, very low extraction efficiencies for both analytes were obtained for four of eight tested methods. Among these, the highest extraction efficiencies for both analytes were obtained using 20mg pronase and 10mg lipase with incubation at 37 degrees C for 24 h. However, recoveries remained nearly 30 and 50% lower for Met and SeMet, respectively, compared to extraction with methanesulfonic acid. Lowest extraction efficiencies for both analytes were obtained when HCl or tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) digestions were used. Efficient extraction was also achieved using 200 mg (or 400 mg) of protease XIV with incubation at 37 degrees C for 72 h (or 24 h). Concentrations of 3331+/-45 and 3334+/-39 microg g(-1) (mean and one standard deviation, n = 4) for SeMet were obtained using 200 mg (72 h incubation) and 400 mg (24 h incubation) of protease XIV, respectively, in agreement with a value of 3404+/-38 microg g(-1) obtained using a methanesulfonic acid reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Chemical Metrology, Institute for National Measurement Standard, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Uden PC, Boakye HT, Kahakachchi C, Tyson JF. Selective detection and identification of Se containing compounds—review and recent developments. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1050:85-93. [PMID: 15503929 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of selenium (Se) chemistry in the environment and in living organisms presents broad analytical challenges. The selective qualitative and quantitative determination of particular species of this element is vital in order to understand selenium's metabolism and significance in biology, toxicology, clinical chemistry and nutrition. This calls for state-of-the-art analytical techniques such as hyphenated methods that are reviewed with particular emphasis on interfaced separation with element-selective detection and identification of the detected selenium compounds. Atomic spectral element specific detection for monitoring chromatographic eluent enabled quantitative determination of selenium species in selenized yeast and qualitative measurement for breath samples. Gas chromatography with atomic emission detection (AED) of ethylated species and fluoroacid ion pair HPLC applied to the analysis of currently produced or archived selenized yeast and Brassica juncea have revealed the presence of a previously unrecognised Se-S amino acid, S-(methylseleno)cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Uden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lederle Graduate Research Tower A 701, Amherst, MA 01003-9336, USA.
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Yang L, Mester Z, Sturgeon RE. Determination of Methionine and Selenomethionine in Yeast by Species-Specific Isotope Dilution GC/MS. Anal Chem 2004; 76:5149-56. [PMID: 15373455 DOI: 10.1021/ac049475p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination of methionine (Met) and selenomethionine (SeMet) in yeast using species-specific isotope dilution (ID) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is described. Samples were digested by refluxing for 16 h with 4 M methanesulfonic acid. Analytes were derivatized with methyl chloroformate and extracted into chloroform for GC/MS analysis. In addition to use of commercially available 13C-enriched Met and SeMet spikes for species specific ID analysis, a 74Se-enriched SeMet spike was also available for comparison of results. In selective ion monitoring mode, the intensities of ions at m/z 221, 222, 269, 270, and 263 were used to calculate the 221/222, 269/270, and 269/263 ion ratios for quantification of Met and SeMet. Concentrations of 5959 +/- 33 and 3404 +/- 12 microg g(-1) (one standard deviation, n = 6) with relative standard deviations of 0.55 and 0.36% for Met and SeMet, respectively, were obtained using 13C-enriched spikes. A concentration of 3417 +/- 8 microg g(-1) (one standard deviation, n = 6) was obtained using the 74Se-enriched SeMet spike. The concentration of SeMet measured in the yeast is equivalent to 66.43 +/- 0.24% of total Se and 30.31 +/- 0.11% of total Met is in the form of SeMet. Method detection limits (three times the standard deviation) of 3.4 and 1.0 microg g(-1) were estimated for Met and SeMet, respectively, based on a 0.25-g subsample of yeast with 1 mL of extract used for derivatization. A similar concentration of 5930 +/- 29 microg g(-1) (one standard deviation, n = 4) for Met and a lower concentration of 2787 +/- 49 microg g(-1) (one standard deviation, n = 4) for SeMet were obtained for this yeast sample using species-specific ID analysis based on GC/MS with 13C-enriched Met and SeMet spikes when a 2-h open microwave digestion approach using 8 M methanesulfonic acid was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Institute for National Measurement Standard, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6.
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Zhang S. Determination of thiols in urinary sample by capillary-column liquid chromatography with amperometric detection at a carbon electrode. Talanta 2002; 58:451-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(02)00311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2001] [Revised: 04/22/2002] [Accepted: 04/25/2002] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fujita Y, Mori I, Yamaguchi T. Spectrophotometric Determination of Biologically Active Thiols with Eosin, Silver(I) and Adenine. ANAL SCI 2002; 18:981-5. [PMID: 12243414 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18.981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A simple and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of biologically active thiols based on the fading of eosin-silver(I)-adenine ternary complex was established. In the determination of 6-mercaptopurine (MP), Beer's law was obeyed in the range 0.02-0.30 microg ml(-1), with an effective molar absorptivity at 562 nm and the relative standard deviation being 3.5 x 10(5) dm3 mol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.72% (n = 5). Analytical data for various biologically active thiols were determined with the proposed method. This method is about 5-10 times more sensitive than the conventional spectrophotometric methods. A compound having a disulfide bond (-S-S-), such as cystine, could also be determined by the conversion of disulfides to free thiols with the sulfite ion. The procedure was successfully applied to assays of various biologically active thiols in actual medicines.
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Uden PC, Hafezi R, Kotrebai M, Nolibos P, Tyson J, Block E. Anticarcinogenic Organoselenium Compounds - Chromatographic, Atomic and Molecular Mass Spectral Speciation. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500108046627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wang A, Zhang L, Zhang S, Fang Y. Determination of thiols following their separation by CZE with amperometric detection at a carbon electrode. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2000; 23:429-36. [PMID: 10933536 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The amperometric detection (AD) employing a carbon disk electrode as a working electrode to determine the thiol compounds, including cysteine (CYS), glutathione (GSH), 6-thiopurine (TP), and methimazole (MMI), following their separation by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is described in this paper. The detection potential was chosen at +1100 mV and all analytes exhibit good response at this potential on the carbon disk electrode. The reproducibility, linearity, and recovery were evaluated under the optimum conditions. The four analytes can be baseline resolved within 20 min and the detection limits reached about 10(-6) mol/l of magnitude. The method was applied to the separation and determination of the actual thiol samples and the analytical results were satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wang
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Gómez-Ariza JL, Sánchez-Rodas D, Caro de la Torre MA, Giráldez I, Morales E. Column-switching system for selenium speciation by coupling reversed-phase and ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with microwave-assisted digestion-hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2000; 889:33-9. [PMID: 10985533 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Speciation of selenocysteine (SeCys), selenomethionine (SeMet), selenoethionine (SeET), selenite (Se(IV)) and selenate (Se(VI)) has been accomplished using high-performance liquid chromatography, with the aid of an anion exchange column and a reversed-phase column, both connected through a six-port switching valve. On-line microwave-assisted digestion and hydride generation steps were performed prior to the atomic fluorescence detection. The elution of the seleno amino acids was accomplished in the reversed-phased column using water as mobile phase. Selenite and selenate were separated in the anion exchange column, using gradient elution with an acetate buffer. The separation of the five selenium compounds took place in 15 min. The detection limits obtained ranged between 0.6 and 0.9 microg l(-1). Values of r>0.998 were obtained for linear fit graphs. A commercial available urine sample was analyzed, in which SeCys and Se(IV) were quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gómez-Ariza
- Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los Materiales, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Huelva, Spain.
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Szpunar J, Bouyssiere B, Lobinski R. Chapter 2 Sample preparation techniques for elemental speciation studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(00)80012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Zhang S, Sun WL, Zhang W, Qi WY, Jin LT, Yamamoto K, Tao S, Jin J. Determination of thiocompounds by liquid chromatography with amperometric detection at a Nafion/indium hexacyanoferrate film modified electrode. Anal Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Selenium (Se) was discovered 180 years ago. The toxicological properties of Se in livestock were recognized first; its essential nutritional role for animals was discovered in the 1950s and for humans in 1973. Only one reductive metabolic pathway of Se is well characterized in biological systems, although several naturally occurring inorganic and organic forms of the element exist. The amount of Se available for assimilation by the tissues is dependent on the form and concentration of the element. Se is incorporated into a number of functionally active selenoproteins, including the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which acts as a cellular protector against free radical oxidative damage and type 1 iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase which interacts with iodine to prevent abnormal hormone metabolism. Se deficiency has been linked with numerous diseases, including endemic cardiomyopathy in Se-deficient regions of China; cancer, muscular dystrophy, malaria, and cardiovascular disease have also been implicated, but evidence for the association is often tenuous. Information on Se levels in foods and dietary intake is limited, and an average requirement for Se in the U.K. has no been established. Available data suggest that intake in the U.K. is adequate for all, except for a few risk groups such as patients on total parenteral nutrition or restrictive diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Foster
- Nutrition Research Centre, South Bank University, London, UK
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Gilon N, Potin-Gautier M, Astruc M. Optimization of the determination of inorganic and organic selenium species using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(96)00484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Foster L, Sumar S. Methods of analysis used for the determination of selenium in milk and infant formulae: a review. Food Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0308-8146(95)99842-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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