1
|
Jansch M, Stumpf P, Graf C, Rühl E, Müller R. Adsorption kinetics of plasma proteins on ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2012; 428:125-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
2
|
Göppert TM, Müller RH. Polysorbate-stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles as colloidal carriers for intravenous targeting of drugs to the brain: Comparison of plasma protein adsorption patterns. J Drug Target 2008; 13:179-87. [PMID: 16036306 DOI: 10.1080/10611860500071292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Plasma proteins enriched on the surface of drug-delivery-purpose nanoparticles are regarded as key factors for determination of in vivo organ distribution after intravenous injection. Polysorbate 80-coated polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles, preferentially adsorbing apolipoprotein E (apoE) on their surface, have previously been considered to deliver various drugs to the brain. In the present study, in vivo well tolerable solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) using different types of polysorbates as stabilizers were produced. The influence of the different surfactants on in vitro adsorption of human plasma proteins was investigated using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Possible correlations of different amounts of adsorbed apoE to the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the polysorbates are shown and discussed. Apolipoprotein C-II, albumin and immunoglobulin G, which are also decisive plasma proteins with regard to site-specific drug delivery of intravenously injected carriers to the brain, are compared with regard to adsorption. Moreover, certain similarities to the plasma protein adsorption patterns of previously analysed brain-specific PBCA nanoparticles could be detected. Despite some differences in adsorption behavior of proteins on the surface of polysorbate-stabilized SLN and PBCA nanoparticles, we conclude that in both cases polysorbate 80 might have the highest potential to deliver drugs to the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten M Göppert
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Quality Management, Institute of Pharmacy, The Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walker MB, Retzinger AC, Retzinger GS. A turbidimetric method for measuring the activity of trypsin and its inhibition. Anal Biochem 2006; 351:114-21. [PMID: 16388777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2005.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Revised: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 11/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) beads coated with a monomolecular film of fibrinogen agglutinate when stirred in the presence of thrombin, a consequence of interbead fibrin formation. Trypsin, by digesting bead-bound fibrin, dissociates bead aggregates at a rate proportional to the amount of enzyme activity. The agglutination of beads and the dissociation of bead aggregates can be monitored turbidimetrically using a platelet aggregometer or other photometric device equipped with a stirred cell. We have exploited the behavior of aggregates of fibrin-coated beads to develop a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for measuring the activity of trypsin and its inhibition, in aqueous media, including serum. The new method yields serum antitrypsin activity levels that correlate well with immunological levels of alpha1-antitrypsin and, thus, may prove useful for assessing antitrypsin activity in clinical specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Walker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Göppert TM, Müller RH. Adsorption kinetics of plasma proteins on solid lipid nanoparticles for drug targeting. Int J Pharm 2005; 302:172-86. [PMID: 16098695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2004] [Revised: 06/06/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of intravenously injected carriers with plasma proteins are the determining factor for the in vivo fate of the particles. In this study the adsorption kinetics on solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were investigated and compared to the adsorption kinetics on previously analyzed polymeric model particles and O/W-emulsions. The adsorbed proteins were determined using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Employing diluted human plasma, a transient adsorption of fibrinogen was observed on the surface of SLN stabilized with the surfactant Tego Care 450, which in plasma of higher concentrations was displaced by apolipoproteins. This was in agreement with the "Vroman-effect" previously determined on solid surfaces. It says that in the early stages of adsorption, more plentiful proteins with low affinity are displaced by less plentiful with higher affinity to the surface. Over a period of time (0.5 min to 4 h) more interesting for the organ distribution of long circulating carriers, no relevant changes in the composition of the adsorption patterns of SLN, surface-modified with poloxamine 908 and poloxamer 407, respectively, were detected. This is in contrast to the chemically similar surface-modified polymeric particles but well in agreement with the surface-modified O/W-emulsions. As there is no competitive displacement of apolipoproteins on these modified SLN, the stable adsorption patterns may be better exploited for drug targeting than particles with an adsorption pattern being very dependent on contact time with plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T M Göppert
- The Free University of Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Biotechnology and Quality Management, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Clare TL, Clare BH, Nichols BM, Abbott NL, Hamers RJ. Functional monolayers for improved resistance to protein adsorption: oligo(ethylene glycol)-modified silicon and diamond surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:6344-55. [PMID: 15982041 DOI: 10.1021/la050362q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of proteins with semiconductors such as silicon and diamond is of great interest for applications such as electronic biosensing. We have investigated the use of covalently bound oligo(ethylene glycol), EG, monolayers on diamond and silicon to minimize nonspecific protein adsorption. Protein adsorption was monitored by fluorescence scanning as a function of the length of the ethylene glycol chain (EG3 through EG6) and the terminal functional group (methyl- versus hydroxyl-terminated EG3 monolayer). More quantitative measurements were made by eluting adsorbed avidin from the surface and measuring the intensity of fluorescence in the solution. The attachment chemistry of the tri(ethylene glycol) molecules and monolayer orientation was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Improvement in the selectivity of surfaces modified with EG functionality was demonstrated in two model biosensing assays. We find that high-quality EG monolayers are formed on silicon and diamond and that these EG3 monolayers are as effective as EG3 self-assembled monolayers on gold at resisting nonspecific avidin adsorption. These results show promise for use of silicon and diamond materials in many potential applications such as biosensing and medical implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tami Lasseter Clare
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Whitlock PW, Clarson SJ, Retzinger GS. Fibrinogen adsorbs from aqueous media to microscopic droplets of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and remains coagulable. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1999; 45:55-61. [PMID: 10397958 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199904)45:1<55::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen binds from aqueous media containing it to droplets of linear trimethylsilyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) dispersed in those same media. Once bound, fibrinogen elutes from emulsified droplets of PDMS only very slowly, even when incubated in buffer that contains a physiologic concentration of the protein. The bound fibrinogen is coagulable, as indicated by the thrombin-dependent agglutination of droplets. Thus fibrinogen bound to droplets of PDMS renders an adhesive potential to the surface of the droplets, a potential that may have relevance to the biologic processing of the polymer in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Whitlock
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Polymer Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0012, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
McFarland CD, Jenkins M, Griesser HJ, Chatelier RC, Steele JG, Underwood PA. Albumin-binding surfaces: synthesis and characterization. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 1998; 9:1207-25. [PMID: 9860181 DOI: 10.1163/156856298x00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The nature of the proteinaceous film deposited on a biomaterial surface following implantation is a key determinant of the subsequent biological response. To achieve selectivity in the formation of this film, monoclonal antibodies have been coupled to a range of solid substrates using avidin-biotin technology. Antibody clones varied in their antigen-binding activity following insertion of biotin groups into lysine residues. Biotinylated antibodies coupled to solid substrates via an immobilized avidin bridge retained their biological activity. During immobilization of avidin a significant proportion of the protein molecules were passively adsorbed rather than covalently attached to the surface. This loosely bound material could be removed by stringent elution procedures which resulted in a surface density of 5.4 pmol avidin cm(-2). Although these conditions would be harsh enough to denature monoclonal antibodies, they did not destroy the biotin-binding activity of the residual surface-coupled avidin, enabling the subsequent immobilization of biotinylated antibodies. The two-step immobilization technique allowed the use of gentle protein modification procedures, reduced the risk of surface-induced denaturation and removed loosely bound material from the surface. The versatility of the technique encourages its application to a wide range of immobilization systems where retention of biological activity is a key requirement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C D McFarland
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cardiac Technology, CSIRO Molecular Science, Sydney Laboratory, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Retzinger GS, DeAnglis AP, Patuto SJ. Adsorption of fibrinogen to droplets of liquid hydrophobic phases. Functionality of the bound protein and biological implications. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998; 18:1948-57. [PMID: 9848889 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.18.12.1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen adsorbs spontaneously from aqueous media containing that protein to droplets of liquid hydrophobic phases dispersed in those same media. Examples of such phases include mineral oils, straight-chain hydrocarbons, and various plant- and animal-derived oils. Lecithin preexisting on the surface of oil droplets reduces significantly the amount of fibrinogen that can otherwise bind to them. When bound, fibrinogen remains active in the classic sense of fibrin gelation. As a consequence, oil droplets coated with fibrinogen can participate in a host of biologically important adhesive processes in which the protein would be expected to participate. Certain polyanions, eg, heparin, pentosan polysulfate, dextran sulfate, and suramin, bind to adsorbed fibrin(ogen) and prevent thrombin-dependent adhesion of fibrinogen-coated surfaces. Thus, these polyanions can be used to prevent adhesion between fibrin(ogen)-coated oil droplets and other fibrin(ogen)-coated surfaces. Potential practical applications and biological implications of these phenomena are presented and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G S Retzinger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Giuntoli DL, Retzinger GS. Evidence for prothrombin production and thrombin expression by phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells. Exp Mol Pathol 1997; 64:53-62. [PMID: 9203509 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.1997.2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
With the addition of fibrinogen, fibrin clots form in serum-free culture medium recovered from phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells. We attribute this coagulant activity to thrombin generated as a consequence of cell stimulation because the coagulant activity exists in serum-free culture medium from treated cells only, and it is inhibited by hirudin. The thrombin does not derive from a prothrombin/thrombin contaminant since no detectable prothrombin/thrombin preexists in either the serum-free culture medium or the fibrinogen preparations used for our experiments. We hypothesized that the thrombin is synthesized by the cells themselves. In support of this hypothesis, we found that prothrombin mRNA is expressed in THP-1 cells following their treatment with phorbol ester. Accompanying expression of this mRNA, prothrombin antigen becomes detectable in lysates of PMA-treated THP-1 cells, and thrombin antigen and activity become detectable in both lysates and culture medium of treated cells. These results are consistent with the notion that certain cells of myelomonocytic lineage are capable of synthesizing proteins relevant to coagulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Giuntoli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0529, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Retzinger GS. Adsorption and coagulability of fibrinogen on atheromatous lipid surfaces. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995; 15:786-92. [PMID: 7773735 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.15.6.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen, the precursor of the blood clot matrix and a major constituent of atherosclerotic lesions, is shown to adsorb with high affinity to hydrophobic beads coated with cholesteryl oleate, cholesterol, or loosely packed lecithin. The quantity of fibrinogen that binds to cholesterol- or lecithin-coated beads decreases as the surface concentration of the lipid increases; densely packed films lecithin bind little,if any, if the protein. In sharp contrast, the appreciable quantity of fibrinogen that binds to cholesteryl oleate-coated beads is indifferent to the surface concentration of that lipid. Not unexpectedly, the quantity of fibrinogen that binds to beads coated with mixtures of cholesteryl oleate and lecithin increases with increasing concentration of the cholesteryl ester. When bound, fibrinogen can be converted by thrombin to fibrin and nucleate clot formation as manifested by the aggregation of stirred beads. These results indicate that hydrophobic, atheromatous lipid surfaces, particularly those rich in cholesteryl esters, may be predisposed to thrombosis by virtue of their inherent capacity to bind functional fibrinogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G S Retzinger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267-0529, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
DeAnglis AP, Retzinger GS. Preparation and characterization of fibrinogen-coated, reversibly adhesive, lecithin/cholesterol vesicles. J Pharm Sci 1995; 84:399-403. [PMID: 7629727 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600840404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a method for producing fibrinogen-coated, reversibly adhesive, lecithin/cholesterol vesicles. In this method, fibrinogen, which is acylated in the presence of preformed vesicles, spontaneously incorporates into vesicular membranes. The degree of incorporation is a function of the extent of acylation of the protein. Fibrinogen-coated vesicles aggregate in the presence of thrombin, a consequence of intervesicular fibrin formation. The rate and extent of thrombin-initiated aggregation depend on the fibrinogen surface concentration. Once aggregated, fibrin-coated vesicles can be dissociated by plasmin and by agents that disrupt intervesicular fibrin dimerization such as heparin and the tetrapeptide Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro. Fibrinogen-coated vesicles can be made to bind avidly to the surface of solution phase fibrin matrices and can be incorporated into solution phase fibrin clots. Fibrinogen-coated vesicles also bind to activated platelets. We propose that fibrinogen-coated vesicles will have practical applications as biomimetic hemostatic agents and as vehicles for the fibrin-specific targeting of drugs and other molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P DeAnglis
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|