1
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Di Rocco G, Bighi B, Borsari M, Bortolotti CA, Ranieri A, Sola M, Battistuzzi G. Electron Transfer and Electrocatalytic Properties of the Immobilized Met80Ala Cytochrome
c
Variant in Dimethylsulfoxide. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Rocco
- Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Beatrice Bighi
- Department of Chemistry and Geology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Marco Borsari
- Department of Chemistry and Geology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Carlo Augusto Bortolotti
- Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Antonio Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Marco Sola
- Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Gianantonio Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Geology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
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2
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Lawrence G, Kalimuthu P, Benzigar M, Shelat KJ, Lakhi KS, Park DH, Ji Q, Ariga K, Bernhardt PV, Vinu A. A Nanoporous Cytochrome c Film with Highly Ordered Porous Structure for Sensing of Toxic Vapors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702295. [PMID: 28961349 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Creating well-ordered nanoporosity in biomolecules promises stability and activity, offering access to an even wider range of application possibilities. Here, the preparation of nanoporous protein films containing cytochrome c protein molecules is reported through a soft-templating strategy using polystyrene (PS) spheres of different sizes as templates. The stability of the cytochrome c film is demonstrated through electrochemistry studies to show a reusable nature of these films over a long period of time. The size of the PS spheres is varied to tune the pore diameter and the thickness of the cytochrome c films, which are quite stable and highly selective for sensing toxic acidic vapors. The fusion of the templating strategy and the self-assembly of biomolecules may offer various possibilities by generating a new series of porous biomolecules including enzymes with different molecular weights and diameters, peptides, antibodies, and DNA with interesting catalytic, adsorption, sensing, and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Lawrence
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Palraj Kalimuthu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Mercy Benzigar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, 5095, SA, Australia
| | - Kinnari J Shelat
- Australian National Fabrication Facilities - Queensland Node, The University of Queensland, 75 Corner College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Kripal S Lakhi
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, 5095, SA, Australia
| | - Dae-Hwan Park
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, 5095, SA, Australia
| | - Qingmin Ji
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, 5095, SA, Australia
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3
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Matias SC, Lourenço NMT, Fonseca LJP, Cordas CM. Comparative Electrochemical Behavior of Cytochrome c
on Aqueous Solutions Containing Choline-Based Room Temperature Ionic Liquids. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara C. Matias
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences; Department of Bioengineering; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Nuno M. T. Lourenço
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences; Department of Bioengineering; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Luis J. P. Fonseca
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences; Department of Bioengineering; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Cristina M. Cordas
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2819-516 Caparica Portugal
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4
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Zaidi S, Hassan MI, Islam A, Ahmad F. The role of key residues in structure, function, and stability of cytochrome-c. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:229-55. [PMID: 23615770 PMCID: PMC11113841 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome-c (cyt-c), a multi-functional protein, plays a significant role in the electron transport chain, and thus is indispensable in the energy-production process. Besides being an important component in apoptosis, it detoxifies reactive oxygen species. Two hundred and eighty-five complete amino acid sequences of cyt-c from different species are known. Sequence analysis suggests that the number of amino acid residues in most mitochondrial cyts-c is in the range 104 ± 10, and amino acid residues at only few positions are highly conserved throughout evolution. These highly conserved residues are Cys14, Cys17, His18, Gly29, Pro30, Gly41, Asn52, Trp59, Tyr67, Leu68, Pro71, Pro76, Thr78, Met80, and Phe82. These are also known as "key residues", which contribute significantly to the structure, function, folding, and stability of cyt-c. The three-dimensional structure of cyt-c from ten eukaryotic species have been determined using X-ray diffraction studies. Structure analysis suggests that the tertiary structure of cyt-c is almost preserved along the evolutionary scale. Furthermore, residues of N/C-terminal helices Gly6, Phe10, Leu94, and Tyr97 interact with each other in a specific manner, forming an evolutionary conserved interface. To understand the role of evolutionary conserved residues on structure, stability, and function, numerous studies have been performed in which these residues were substituted with different amino acids. In these studies, structure deals with the effect of mutation on secondary and tertiary structure measured by spectroscopic techniques; stability deals with the effect of mutation on T m (midpoint of heat denaturation), ∆G D (Gibbs free energy change on denaturation) and folding; and function deals with the effect of mutation on electron transport, apoptosis, cell growth, and protein expression. In this review, we have compiled all these studies at one place. This compilation will be useful to biochemists and biophysicists interested in understanding the importance of conservation of certain residues throughout the evolution in preserving the structure, function, and stability in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Zaidi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025 India
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5
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Thielges MC, Zimmermann J, Dawson PE, Romesberg FE. The determinants of stability and folding in evolutionarily diverged cytochromes c. J Mol Biol 2009; 388:159-67. [PMID: 19268474 PMCID: PMC2990880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 01/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c has served as a paradigm for the study of protein stability, folding, and molecular evolution, but it remains unclear how these aspects of the protein are related. For example, while the bovine and equine cytochromes c are known to have different stabilities, and possibly different folding mechanisms, it is not known how these differences arise from just three amino acid substitutions introduced during divergence. Using site-selectively incorporated carbon-deuterium bonds, we show that like the equine protein, bovine cytochrome c is induced to unfold by guanidine hydrochloride via a stepwise mechanism, but it does not populate an intermediate as is observed with the equine protein. The increased stability also results in more similar free energies of unfolding observed at different sites within the protein, giving the appearance of a more concerted mechanism. Furthermore, we show that the differences in stability and folding appear to result from a single amino acid substitution that stabilizes a helix by allowing for increased solvation of its N-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. Thielges
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jörg Zimmermann
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philip E. Dawson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Floyd E. Romesberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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6
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Monari S, Ranieri A, Di Rocco G, van der Zwan G, Peressini S, Tavagnacco C, Millo D, Borsari M. Redox thermodynamics of cytochromes c subjected to urea induced unfolding. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-009-9804-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Jiang X, Zhang L, Jiang J, Qu X, Wang E, Dong S. A Colloidal Au Monolayer Modulates the Conformation and Orientation of a Protein at the Electrode/Solution Interface. Chemphyschem 2005; 6:1613-21. [PMID: 16082663 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200400652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The orientation and conformation of adsorbed cytochrome c (cyt c) at the interface between an electrode modified with colloidal Au and a solution were studied by electrochemical, spectroscopic, and spectroelectrochemical techniques. The results indicate that the colloidal Au monolayer formed via preformation of an organic self-assembled monolayer (SAM) can increase the electronic coupling between the SAM and cyt c in the same manner as bifunctional molecular bridges, one functional group of which is bound to the electrode surface while the other interacts with the protein surface. The approach of cyt c to the modified electrode/solution interface can be assisted by strong interactions of the intrinsic charge of colloidal particles with cyt c, while the heme pocket remains almost unchanged due to the screening effect of the negatively charged field created by the intrinsic charge. The conformational changes of cyt c induced by its adsorption at a bare glassy carbon electrode/solution interface and the effect of the electric field on the ligation state of the heme can be avoided at the colloidal-Au-modified electrode/solution interface. Finally, a possible model for the adsorption orientation of cyt c at the colloidal-Au-modified electrode/solution interface is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
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8
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Battistuzzi G, Borsari M, Ranieri A, Sola M. Solvent-based deuterium isotope effects on the redox thermodynamics of cytochrome c. J Biol Inorg Chem 2004; 9:781-7. [PMID: 15278784 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-004-0580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2004] [Accepted: 06/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The reduction thermodynamics of cytochrome c (cytc), determined electrochemically, are found to be sensitive to solvent H/D isotope effects. Reduction of cytochrome c is enthalpically more favored in D(2)O with respect to H(2)O, but is disfavored on entropic grounds. This is consistent with a reduction-induced strengthening of the H-bonding network within the hydration sphere of the protein. No significant changes in E degrees ' occur, since the above variations are compensative. As a main result, this work shows that the oxidation-state-dependent differences in protein solvation, including electrostatics and solvent reorganization effects, play an important role in determining the individual enthalpy and entropy changes of the reduction process. It is conceivable that this is a common thermodynamic feature of all electron transport metalloproteins. The isotope effects turn out to be sensitive to buffer anions which specifically bind to cytc. Evidence is gained that the solvation thermodynamics of both redox forms of cytc are sensibly affected by strongly hydrated anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Centro SCS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy
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9
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Borsari M, Bellei M, Tavagnacco C, Peressini S, Millo D, Costa G. Redox thermodynamics of cytochrome c in mixed water–organic solvent solutions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(03)00043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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The reaction of cytochrome c from different species with cytochrome c oxidase immobilized in an electrode supported lipid bilayer membrane. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(02)01138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Oellerich S, Wackerbarth H, Hildebrandt P. Spectroscopic Characterization of Nonnative Conformational States of Cytochrome c. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013841g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Oellerich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127, Av. da República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Hainer Wackerbarth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127, Av. da República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Peter Hildebrandt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127, Av. da República, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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12
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Filosa A, Wang Y, Ismail AA, English AM. Two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy as a probe of sequential events in the thermal unfolding of cytochromes c. Biochemistry 2001; 40:8256-63. [PMID: 11444971 DOI: 10.1021/bi002710n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The sequential unfolding events of horse, cow, and tuna ferricytochromes c (cyt c) as a function of increasing temperature over the range 25-81 degrees C were investigated by resolution-enhanced two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) correlation spectroscopy. The 2D IR analysis revealed that in the thermal denaturation of the two mammalian cyts, the overall sequence of unfolding is similar, with denaturation of extended-chain and turn structures occurring prior to unfolding of alpha-helices, followed by denaturation of residual stable extended-chain structures. In tuna cyt c, denaturation of all extended-chain structures precedes the unfolding of alpha-helices. Moreover, in cow cyt c, unfolding of all helical components occurs as one cooperative unit, but in horse and tuna cyts c, the helical components behave as subdomains that unfold separately, as proposed recently by Englander and co-workers for horse cyt c [Bai et al. (1995) Science 269, 192-197; Milne et al. (1999) J. Mol. Biol. 290, 811-822]. At higher temperatures, following the loss of secondary structure, protein aggregation occurs in the three cyts c. The data presented here establish that variations in the thermal unfolding of cyts c can be associated with specific sites in the protein that influence local flexibility yet have little affect on global stability. This study demonstrates the power of resolution-enhanced 2D IR correlation spectroscopy in probing unfolding events in homologous proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Filosa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8
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13
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Fedurco M. Redox reactions of heme-containing metalloproteins: dynamic effects of self-assembled monolayers on thermodynamics and kinetics of cytochrome c electron-transfer reactions. Coord Chem Rev 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(00)00292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Sivakolundu SG, Mabrouk PA. Cytochrome c Structure and Redox Function in Mixed Solvents Are Determined by the Dielectric Constant. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja993225m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Ann Mabrouk
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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15
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Battistuzzi G, Borsari M, Loschi L, Martinelli A, Sola M. Thermodynamics of the alkaline transition of cytochrome c. Biochemistry 1999; 38:7900-7. [PMID: 10387031 DOI: 10.1021/bi983060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The apparent equilibrium constant (Kapp) of the alkaline transition (AT) of beef heart cytochrome c, obtained from pH titrations of the current intensities in cyclic voltammetry experiments, has been measured as a function of the temperature from 5 to 65 degrees C, at different ionic strength (I = 0.01-0.2 M). The temperature profile of the pKapp values is biphasic and yields two distinct sets of DeltaH degrees 'AT and DeltaS degrees 'AT values below and above approximately 40 degrees C. In the low-temperature range, the process is endothermic and is accompanied by a small positive entropy change, while at higher temperatures it becomes less endothermic and involves a pronounced entropy loss. The temperature dependence of the transition thermodynamics is most likely the result of the thermal transition of native ferricytochrome c from a low-T to an high-T conformer which occurs at alkaline pH values at a temperature comparable with above (Ikeshoji, T., Taniguchi, I., and Hawkridge, F. M. (1989) J. Electroanal. Chem. 270, 297-308; Battistuzzi, G., Borsari, M., Sola, M., and Francia, F. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 16247-16258). Thus, it is apparent that the transitions of the two native conformers to the corresponding alkaline form(s) are thermodynamically distinct processes. It is suggested that this difference arises from either peculiar transition-induced changes in the hydration sphere of the protein or to the preferential binding of different lysines to the heme iron in the two temperature ranges. Extrapolation of the Kapp values at null ionic strength allowed the determination of the thermodynamic equilibrium constants (Ka) at each temperature, hence of the "true" standard thermodynamic parameters of the transition. The pKa value at 25 degrees C was found to be 8.0. A pKapp value of 14.4 was calculated for the alkaline transition of ferrocytochrome c at 25 degrees C and I = 0.1 M. The much greater relative stabilization of the native state in the reduced as compared to the oxidized form turns out to be almost entirely enthalpic in origin, and is most likely due to the greater affinity of the methionine sulfur for the Fe(II) ion. Finally, it is found that the Debye-Hückel theory fits the ionic strength dependence of the pKapp values, at least qualitatively, as observed previously for the ionic strength dependence of the reduction potential of this protein class. It is apparent that the increase in the pKapp values with increasing ionic strength is for the most part an entropic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
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16
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The temperature dependence of the kinetics of cyanide dissociation from the cyanide complex of myoglobin studied by cyclic voltammetry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(99)00142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Voss T, Gründler P, Brett CM, Brett AM. Electrochemical behaviour of cytochrome c at electrically heated microelectrodes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 19:127-33. [PMID: 10698574 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(98)00189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The structural changes in cytochrome c with temperature have been been followed using a recently developed electrically-heated microelectrode sensor. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to perform electrochemical measurements of cytochrome c oxidation at different temperatures at heated bare gold electrodes contained in phosphate-buffered cytochrome c solution at room temperature. The voltammetric response shows the onset of unfolding and a marked dependence of the signal on electrode temperature. This augurs well for applications of heated electrodes as local probes in the study of the temperature dependence of electron transfer processes of other redox proteins, avoiding problems of bulk deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Voss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Germany
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18
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Karatani H, Konaka T. In vitro bacterial bioluminescence coupled with a mediated electrochemical process of flavin on a viologen polymer electrode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(98)00156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Battistuzzi G, Borsari M, Rossi G, Sola M. Effects of solvent on the redox properties of cytochrome c: cyclic voltammetry and 1H NMR experiments in mixed water-dimethylsulfoxide solutions. Inorganica Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Battistuzzi G, Borsari M, Sola M, Francia F. Redox thermodynamics of the native and alkaline forms of eukaryotic and bacterial class I cytochromes c. Biochemistry 1997; 36:16247-58. [PMID: 9405059 DOI: 10.1021/bi971535g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The reduction potentials of beef heart cytochrome c and cytochromes c2 from Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and Rhodobacter capsulatus were measured through direct electrochemistry at a surface-modified gold electrode as a function of temperature in nonisothermal experiments carried out at neutral and alkaline pH values. The thermodynamic parameters for protein reduction (DeltaS degrees rc and DeltaH degrees rc) were determined for the native and alkaline conformers. Enthalpy and entropy terms underlying species-dependent differences in E degrees and pH- and temperature-induced E degrees changes for a given cytochrome were analyzed. The difference of about +0.1 V in E degrees between cytochromes c2 and the eukaryotic species can be separated into an enthalpic term (-DeltaDeltaH degrees rc/F) of +0.130 V and an entropic term (TDeltaDeltaS degrees rc/F) of -0.040 V. Hence, the higher potential of the bacterial species appears to be determined entirely by a greater enthalpic stabilization of the reduced state. Analogously, the much lower potential of the alkaline conformer(s) as compared to the native species is by far enthalpic in origin for both protein families, and is largely determined by the substitution of Met for Lys in axial heme ligation. Instead, the biphasic E degrees /temperature profile for the native cytochromes is due to a difference in reduction entropy between the conformers at low and high temperatures. Temperature-dependent 1H NMR experiments suggest that the temperature-induced transition also involves a change in orientation of the axial methionine ligand with respect to the heme plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena, Via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy
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21
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Andersen JE, Olesen KG, Danilov AI, Foverskov CE, Møller P, Ulstrup J. Covalently immobilised cytochrome c imaged by in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(97)00066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Local stabilities of horse cytochrome c metalloderivatives as probed by tryptic digestion and electrospray mass spectrometry. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Ting Chen, Yizhu Guo, Shaojun Dong. Voltammetry of cytochrome c entrapped in hydrogel membrane on graphite electrode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0302-4598(95)01811-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Hawkridge FM, Taniguchi I. The Direct Electron Transfer Reactions of Cytochromecat Electrode Surfaces. COMMENT INORG CHEM 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/02603599508032705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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