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de Sousa JT, Dihl RR, Menezes Boaretto FB, Garcia ALH, Grivicich I, da Silva J, Picada JN. Morphine decreases cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of doxorubicin in vitro: Implications for cancer chemotherapy. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110652. [PMID: 37524295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Morphine is the most common opioid analgesic administered to treat pain in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of morphine alone and in combination with doxorubicin (Dox), an antineoplastic agent largely used in patients with solid cancers. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and fibroblast (V79) cells using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay while mutagenicity was assessed using the Salmonella/microsome assay in the absence and in the presence of S9 mix. Morphine showed a cytotoxic effect mainly on SH-SY5Y cells and reduced the cytotoxic effects of Dox when evaluated in a co-treatment procedure. In the Salmonella/microsome assay, it was observed that morphine did not induce mutations and, in fact, decreased the mutagenic effects induced by Dox in TA98 and TA102 strains in the absence of metabolic activation. Furthermore, in the presence of metabolic activation, no induction of mutations was observed with morphine. In conclusion, morphine decreased Dox cytotoxicity in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells and showed antimutagenic effects in the TA102 strain which detects mutagens inducing DNA oxidative damages. However, morphine decreased frameshift mutations induced by Dox in non-cytotoxic concentrations, an effect suggesting interference of Dox intercalation activity that could decrease its chemotherapeutic efficacy. These compelling findings highlight the importance of conducting further studies to explore the potential implications of co-administering morphine and Dox during cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne Torres de Sousa
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity and Cellular Toxic-Genetic Analysis, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Dihl
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicity and Cellular Toxic-Genetic Analysis, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brião Menezes Boaretto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Leticia Hilário Garcia
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, 92010-000, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, 92010-000, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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2
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Bariås E, Jakubec M, Førsund E, Hjørnevik LV, Lewis AE, Halskau Ø. Contrasting the phospholipid profiles of two neoplastic cell lines reveal a high PC:PE ratio for SH-SY5Y cells relative to A431 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 656:23-29. [PMID: 36947963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Lipids have been implicated in Parkinson's Disease (PD). We therefore studied the lipid profile of the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, which is used extensively in PD research and compared it to that of the A431 epithelial cancer cell line. We have isolated whole cell extracts (WC) and plasma membrane (PM) fractions of both cell lines. The isolates were analyzed with 31P NMR. We observed a significant higher abundance of phosphatidylcholine (PC) for SH-SY5Y cells for both WC (55 ± 4.1%) and PM (63.3 ± 3.1%) compared to WC (40.5 ± 2.2%) and PM (43.4 ± 1.3%) of A431. Moreover, a higher abundance of phosphatidylethanolamine was detected for the WC of A431 compared to the SH-SY5Y. Using LC-MS/MS, we also determined the relative abundance of fatty acid (FA) moieties for each phospholipid class, finding that SH-SY5Y had high polyunsaturated FA levels, including arachidonic acid compared to A431 cells. When comparing our results to reported compositions of brain and neural tissues, we note the much higher PC levels, as well as very low levels of docosahexaenoic acid. However, relative levels of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids were elevated, in line with what is desirable for a neural model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Bariås
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Martin Jakubec
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, Norway
| | - Elise Førsund
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Aurélia E Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway.
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Vandeputte MM, Vasudevan L, Stove CP. In vitro functional assays as a tool to study new synthetic opioids at the μ-opioid receptor: Potential, pitfalls and progress. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Walker EA, Chambers C, Korber MG, Tella SR, Prioleau C, Fang L. Antinociceptive and discriminative stimulus effects of six novel psychoactive opioid substances in male rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 379:1-11. [PMID: 34244232 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds with novel or fentanyl-like structures continue to appear on the illicit drug market and have been responsible for fatalities, yet there are limited preclinical pharmacological data available to evaluate the risk of these compounds to public health. The purpose of the present study was to examine acetyl fentanyl, butyryl fentanyl, AH-7921, MT-45, W-15, and W-18 for their relative potency to reference opioids and their susceptibility to naltrexone antagonism using the 55oC warm-water, tail-withdrawal assay of antinociception and a morphine drug discrimination assay in male, Sprague Dawley rats. In the antinociception assay, groups of 8 rats per drug were placed into restraining tubes, their tails were immersed into 40o or 55oC water, and the latency for tail withdrawal was measured with a cutoff time of 15 sec. In the drug discrimination assay, rats (n=11) were trained to discriminate between 3.2 mg/kg morphine and saline, s.c., in a two-choice, drug discrimination procedure under a fixed ratio-5 schedule of sucrose pellet delivery. Morphine, fentanyl, and four of the synthetic opioids dose-dependently produced antinociception and fully substituted for morphine in the drug discrimination assay with the following rank order of potency: fentanyl>butyryl fentanyl>acetyl fentanyl>AH-7921>MT45>morphine. All drugs that produced antinociception or morphine-like discriminative stimulus effects were blocked by naltrexone. W-15 and W-18 did not show antinociceptive or morphine-like discriminative stimulus effects at the doses tested supporting a lack of opioid activity for these two compounds. These findings suggest that butyryl fentanyl, acetyl fentanyl, AH-7941, and MT-45 have abuse liability like other opioid agonists. Significance Statement As novel psychoactive substances appear on the illicit drug market, preclinical pharmacological testing is required to assist law enforcement, medical professionals, and legal regulators with decisions about potential public health risks. In this study, four synthetic opioids, acetyl fentanyl, butyryl fentanyl, AH-7921, and MT-45 produced effects similar to fentanyl and morphine and were blocked by naltrexone. These data suggest the four synthetic opioids possess similar abuse liability risks as typical opioid agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen A Walker
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, United States
| | | | - Matthew G Korber
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, United States
| | - Srihari R Tella
- Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, United States
| | | | - Li Fang
- Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, United States
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Wilde M, Pichini S, Pacifici R, Tagliabracci A, Busardò FP, Auwärter V, Solimini R. Metabolic Pathways and Potencies of New Fentanyl Analogs. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:238. [PMID: 31024296 PMCID: PMC6461066 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to now, little is known about the metabolic pathways of new fentanyl analogs that have recently emerged on the drug markets worldwide with high potential for producing addiction and severe adverse effects including coma and death. For some of the compounds, limited information on the metabolism has been published, however, for others so far no information is available. Considering the well characterized metabolism of the pharmaceutically used opioid fentanyl and the so far available data, the metabolism of the new fentanyl analogs can be anticipated to generally involve reactions like hydrolysis, hydroxylation (and further oxidation steps), N- and O-dealkylation and O-methylation. Furthermore, phase II metabolic reactions can be expected comprising glucuronide or sulfate conjugate formation. When analyzing blood and urine samples of acute intoxication cases or fatalities, the presence of metabolites can be crucial for confirmation of the uptake of such compounds and further interpretation. Here we present a review on the metabolic profiles of new fentanyl analogs responsible for a growing number of severe and fatal intoxications in the United States, Europe, Canada, Australia, and Japan in the last years, as assessed by a systematic search of the scientific literature and official reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Wilde
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Hermann Staudinger Graduate School, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Simona Pichini
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Pacifici
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Tagliabracci
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Excellence SBSP, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Busardò
- Unit of Forensic Toxicology, Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Excellence SBSP, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Volker Auwärter
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Renata Solimini
- National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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6
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Andoh T, Shinohara A, Kuraishi Y. Inhibitory effect of fentanyl citrate on the release of endothlin-1 induced by bradykinin in melanoma cells. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 69:139-142. [PMID: 27919002 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study showed that the μ-opioid receptor agonist fentanyl citrate inhibits endothelin-1-and bradykinin-mediated pain responses in mice orthotopically inoculated with melanoma cells. We also demonstrated that bradykinin induces endothelin-1 secretion in melanoma cells. However, the analgesic mechanisms of fentanyl citrate remain unclear. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine whether fentanyl citrate affects bradykinin-induced endothelin-1 secretion in B16-BL6 melanoma cells. METHODS The amount of endothelin-1 in the culture medium was measured using an enzyme immunoassay. The expression of endothelin-1, kinin B2 receptors, and μ-opioid receptors in B16-BL/6 melanoma cells was determined using immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Fentanyl citrate inhibited bradykinin-induced endothelin-1 secretion. The inhibitory effect of fentanyl citrate on the secretion of endothelin-1 was attenuated by the μ-opioid receptor antagonist naloxone methiodide. The immunoreactivities of endothelin-1, kinin B2 receptors, and μ-opioid receptors in B16-BL6 melanoma cells were observed. CONCLUSION These results suggest that fentanyl citrate regulates bradykinin-induced endothelin-1 secretion through μ-opioid receptors in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Akira Shinohara
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kuraishi
- Research Administration Division, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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7
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8
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Opioid and opioid-like. Br J Pharmacol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00501_49.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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9
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Ward GR, Franklin SO, Gerald TM, Dempsey KT, Clodfelter DE, Krissinger DJ, Patel KM, Vrana KE, Howlett AC. Glucocorticoids plus opioids up-regulate genes that influence neuronal function. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2007; 27:651-60. [PMID: 17554624 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-007-9151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) This study investigated the functional genomics of glucocorticoid and opioid receptor stimulation in cellular adaptations using a cultured neuronal cell model. (2) Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells grown in hormone-depleted serum were treated for 2-days with the glucocorticoid receptor-II agonist dexamethasone (30 nM); the mu-opioid receptor agonist [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-Enkephalin acetate (DAMGO; 1 nM); or dexamethasone (30 nM) plus DAMGO (1 nM). RNA was extracted; purified, reverse transcribed, and labeled cDNA was hybridized to a 10,000-oliogonucleotide-array human gene chip. Gene expression changes that were significantly different between treatment groups and were of interest due to biological function were verified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Five relevant genes were identified for which the combination of dexamethasone plus DAMGO, but neither one alone, significantly up-regulated gene expression (ANOVA, P < 0.05). (3) Proteins coded by the identified genes: FRS2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate-2; CTNNB1 (beta1-catenin); PRCP (prolyl-carboxypeptidase); MPHOSPH9 (M-phase phosphoprotein 9); and ZFP95 (zinc finger protein 95) serve important neuronal functions in signal transduction, synapse formation, neuronal growth and development, or transcription regulation. Neither opioid, glucocorticoid nor combined treatments significantly altered the cell growth rate determined by cell counts and protein. (4) We conclude that sustained mu-opioid receptor stimulation accompanied by glucocorticoids can synergistically regulate genes that influence neuronal function. Future studies are warranted to determine if combined influences of glucocorticoid fluctuations and opioid receptor stimulation in vivo can orchestrate exagerated neuroadaptation to reinforcing drugs under chronic mild stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg R Ward
- Neuroscience of Drug Abuse Research Program, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
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11
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Layden BT, Abukhdeir AM, Malarkey C, Oriti LA, Salah W, Stigler C, Geraldes CFGC, Mota de Freitas D. Identification of Li+ binding sites and the effect of Li+ treatment on phospholipid composition in human neuroblastoma cells: a 7Li and 31P NMR study. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2005; 1741:339-49. [PMID: 16115751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2005.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2005] [Revised: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 07/20/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Li(+) binding in subcellular fractions of human neuroblastoma SH-SY 5 Y cells was investigated using (7)Li NMR spin-lattice (T(1)) and spin-spin (T(2)) relaxation measurements, as the T(1)/T(2) ratio is a sensitive parameter of Li(+) binding. The majority of Li(+) binding occurred in the plasma membrane, microsomes, and nuclear membrane fractions as demonstrated by the Li(+) binding constants and the values of the T(1)/T(2) ratios, which were drastically larger than those observed in the cytosol, nuclei, and mitochondria. We also investigated by (31)P NMR spectroscopy the effects of chronic Li(+) treatment for 4--6 weeks on the phospholipid composition of the plasma membrane and the cell homogenate and found that the levels of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in both fractions. From these observations, we propose that Li(+) binding occurs predominantly to membrane domains, and that chronic Li(+) treatment alters the phospholipid composition at these membrane sites. These findings support those from clinical studies that have indicated that Li(+) treatment of bipolar patients results in irregularities in Li(+) binding and phospholipid metabolism. Implications of our observations on putative mechanisms of Li(+) action, including the cell membrane abnormality, the inositol depletion and the G-protein hypotheses, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Layden
- Department of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 6525 North Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60626, USA
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12
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Layden BT, Abukhdeir AM, Williams N, Fonseca CP, Carroll L, Castro MMCA, Geraldes CFGC, Bryant FB, Freitas DMD. Effects of Li+ transport and Li+ immobilization on Li+/Mg2+ competition in cells: implications for bipolar disorder. Biochem Pharmacol 2003; 66:1915-24. [PMID: 14599549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2003.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Li(+)/Mg(2+) competition has been implicated in the therapeutic action of Li(+) treatment in bipolar illness. We hypothesized that this competition depended on cell-specific properties. To test this hypothesis, we determined the degree of Li(+) transport, immobilization, and Li(+)/Mg(2+) competition in lymphoblastomas, neuroblastomas, and erythrocytes. During a 50 mM/L Li(+)-loading incubation, Li(+) accumulation at 30 min (mmoles Li(+)/L cells) was the greatest in lymphoblastomas (11.1+/-0.3), followed by neuroblastomas (9.3+/-0.5), and then erythrocytes (4.0+/-0.5). Li(+) binding affinities to the plasma membrane in all three cell types were of the same order of magnitude; however, Li(+) immobilization in intact cells was greatest in neuroblastomas and least in erythrocytes. When cells were loaded for 30 min in a 50 mM/L Li(+)-containing medium, the percentage increase in free intracellular [Mg(2+)] in neuroblastoma and lymphoblastoma cells ( approximately 55 and approximately 52%, respectively) was similar, but erythrocytes did not exhibit any substantial increase ( approximately 6%). With the intracellular [Li(+)] at 15 mM/L, the free intracellular [Mg(2+)] increased by the greatest amount in neuroblastomas ( approximately 158%), followed by lymphoblastomas ( approximately 75%), and then erythrocytes ( approximately 50%). We conclude that Li(+) immobilization and transport are related to free intracellular [Mg(2+)] and to the extent of Li(+)/Mg(2+) competition in a cell-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Layden
- Department of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 6525 N. Sheridan Rd., Chicago, IL 60626, USA
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13
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Filizola M, Villar HO, Loew GH. Molecular determinants of non-specific recognition of delta, mu, and kappa opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2001; 9:69-76. [PMID: 11197347 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00223-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the molecular determinants of recognition common to all three opioid receptors embedded in a single three-dimensional (3D) non-specific recognition pharmacophore has been carried out. The working hypothesis that underlies the computational study reported here is that ligands that bind with significant affinity to all three cloned opioid receptors, delta, mu, and kappa, but with different combinations of activation and inhibition properties at these receptors, could be promising behaviorally selective analgesics with diminished side effects. The study presented here represents the first step towards the rational design of such therapeutic agents. The common 3D pharmacophore developed for recognition of delta, mu, and kappa opioid receptors was based on the receptor affinities determined for 23 different opioid ligands that display no specificity for any of the receptor subtypes. The pharmacophore centers identified are a protonated amine, two hydrophobic groups, and the centroid of an aromatic group in a geometric arrangement common to all 23, non-specific, opioid ligands studied. Using this three-dimensional pharmacophore as a query for searching 3D structural databases, novel compounds potentially involved in non-specific recognition of delta, mu, and kappa opioid receptors were retrieved. These compounds can be valuable candidates for novel behaviorally selective analgesics with diminished or no side effects, and thus with potential therapeutic usefulness.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics/chemistry
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Binding, Competitive
- Drug Design
- Ligands
- Molecular Conformation
- Molecular Structure
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- M Filizola
- Molecular Research Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
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14
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Ryan-Moro J, Chien CC, Standifer KM, Pasternak GW. Sigma binding in a human neuroblastoma cell line. Neurochem Res 1996; 21:1309-14. [PMID: 8947921 DOI: 10.1007/bf02532372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Behaviorally, sigma1 agents modulate opioid analgesia. To examine possible mechanisms responsible for these interactions, we have identified a cell line containing both sigma1 and opioid receptors. [3H](+)-pentazocine binding in BE(2)-C human neuroblastoma cells is high affinity (KD 3.4 +/- 0.7 nM) and high density (Bmax 2.98 +/- 0.14 pmol/mg protein). Competition studies reveal a selectivity profile similar to that of sigma1 sites in guinea pig brain. (+)-Pentazocine has no effect upon either basal or forskolin-stimulated cyclase in the BE(2)-C cells, but cAMP accumulation is inhibited by the morphine, DPDPE and naloxone benzoylhydrazone. (+)-Pentazocine at concentrations as high as 10 microM does not affect this opioid effect, implying that sigma1/opioid interactions are not mediated at the level of the cell. This suggest that their behavioral interactions result from interacting neural circuits. Although (+)-pentazocine is without effect in the cyclase system, it does block carbachol-stimulated phosphoinositol turnover (IC50 6.5 +/- 1.14 microM). The specificity of the effect is confirmed by the ability of haloperidol (1 microM) to shift the IC50 value of (+)-pentazocine 2-fold to the right.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ryan-Moro
- Cotzias Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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15
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Wang JB, Johnson PS, Persico AM, Hawkins AL, Griffin CA, Uhl GR. Human mu opiate receptor. cDNA and genomic clones, pharmacologic characterization and chromosomal assignment. FEBS Lett 1994; 338:217-22. [PMID: 7905839 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A human mu opiate receptor cDNA has been identified from a cerebral cortical cDNA library using sequences from the rat mu opiate receptor cDNA. The human mu opiate receptor (h mu OR1) shares 95% amino acid identity with the rat sequence. The expressed mu OR1 recognized tested opiate drugs and opioid peptides in a sodium- and GTP-sensitive fashion with affinities virtually identical to those displayed by the rat mu opiate receptor. Effects on cyclic AMP are similar to those noted for the rat mu opiate receptor. An 18 kb genomic clone hybridizing with the h mu OR1 cDNA contains 63 and 489 bp exonic sequences flanked by splice donor/acceptor sequences. Analysis of hybridization to DNA prepared from human rodent hybrid cell lines and chromosomal in situ hybridization studies indicate localization to 6q24-25. An MspI polymorphism, producing a 3.7 kb band, may prove useful in assessing this gene's involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders involving opiatergic systems.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Cerebral Cortex/chemistry
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-
- Enkephalins/metabolism
- Humans
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Sequence Homology
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Wang
- Molecular Neurobiology Branch, NIDA, Baltimore, MD 21224
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