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A feasible method of silica dispersion by introducing a pre-vulcanized gel in the natural rubber matrix. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-023-03501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Banerjee K, Chowdhury SG, Ghosh S, Chanda J, Mukhopadhyay R, Bhattacharyya SK, Bandyopadhyay A. Probing into why anisotropic nanoclay offers better reinforcement in natural rubber than isotropic nano zinc oxide by determining their interaction with sol and gel fractions. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Banerjee
- Compound Development, Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre research Institute Mysore India
| | - Soumya Ghosh Chowdhury
- Compound Development, Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre research Institute Mysore India
| | - Sreedip Ghosh
- Compound Development, Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre research Institute Mysore India
| | - Jagannath Chanda
- Compound Development, Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre research Institute Mysore India
| | - Rabindra Mukhopadhyay
- Compound Development, Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre research Institute Mysore India
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Yusof NH, Baratha Nesan KV, Mohd Rasdi FR. Controlling the characteristics of raw natural rubber by partial degradation in the latex stage using a water-soluble degrading agent. J RUBBER RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42464-020-00058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fayter AER, Gibson MI, Draper ER. Sub-zero temperature mechanically stable low molecular weight hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7274-7279. [PMID: 30555698 PMCID: PMC6238726 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01668b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We show here a low molecular weight hydrogelator based on a functionalised-dipeptide which is stable down to temperatures of -12 °C despite being made from >99% water. This stabilty at low temperature can be extended to ∼-40 °C by gelling water : glycerol mixtures. The temperature range is wider than that of the glycerol : water mixtures alone. The rheological properties of the gels do not change at this low temperature compared to that of gels at 25 °C. This freezing point depression offers a potentially new method of transporting gels and offers the prospect of hydrogels being used at much lower working temperatures whilst retaining the desired rheological properties, this is useful for cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew I Gibson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , CV4 7AL , UK
- Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - Emily R Draper
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
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Choi SS, Kwon HM, Kim Y, Ko E, Lee KS. Hybrid factors influencing wet grip and rolling resistance properties of solution styrene-butadiene rubber composites. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyuk-Min Kwon
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yeowool Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul Korea
| | - Eunah Ko
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul Korea
| | - Ki-Suk Lee
- Research and Development Division; Hyundai Motor Group; Gyeonggi-do Korea
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Liang H, Hardy JM, Rodrigue D, Brisson J. EPDM RECYCLED RUBBER POWDER CHARACTERIZATION: THERMAL AND THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.14.87988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Investigations on ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM) with varying cross-link densities and carbon black contents, as well as commercial EPDM waste ground rubber (WGR), have been performed to improve characterization. The aim is to provide additional quality-control methods in the field of rubber recycling, as WGR is transformed and reused in the form of rubber mats mainly for playground, agricultural, sport, and automobile applications. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, and elemental (CHNS) analyses were used to determine the content of various chemical elements. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to determine the amount of carbon black and inorganic material in the sample. Mass loss at 400 °C was related to cross-link density. TGA coupled with mass spectrometry showed that this mass loss corresponds to the loss of SO2 as cross-links are destroyed during heating. Melt point and glass transition temperatures determined by differential scanning calorimetry are mainly proportional to the ethylene/propylene weight ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-Michel Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Denis Rodrigue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Josée Brisson
- Department of Chemistry, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6
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Mitra S, Chattopadhyay S, Bhowmick AK. Dynamic stress relaxation behavior of nanogel filled elastomers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-010-9441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mitra S, Chattopadhyay S, Sabharwal S, Bhowmick AK. Electron beam crosslinked gels—Preparation, characterization and their effect on the mechanical, dynamic mechanical and rheological properties of rubbers. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ehabe EE, Nkeng GE, Collet A, Bonfils F. Relations between high-temperature mastication and Mooney viscosity relaxation in natural rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Study of chain branching in natural rubber using size-exclusion chromatography coupled with a multi-angle light scattering detector (SEC-MALS). Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mitra S, Chattopadhyay S, Sabharwal S, Bhowmick AK. Rheological behavior of gel-filled raw natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber with reference to gel-matrix intermixing. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mitra S, Chattopadhyay S, Bhowmick AK. Influence of Nanogels on Mechanical, Dynamic Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Elastomers. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2009; 4:420-430. [PMID: 20596396 PMCID: PMC2894152 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-009-9262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 01/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Use of sulfur crosslinked nanogels to improve various properties of virgin elastomers was investigated for the first time. Natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) nanogels were prepared by prevulcanization of the respective rubber lattices. These nanogels were characterized by dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM), solvent swelling, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical property measurements. Intermixing of gel and matrix at various ratios was carried out. Addition of NR gels greatly improved the green strength of SBR, whereas presence of SBR nanogels induced greater thermal stability in NR. For example, addition of 16 phr of NR gel increased the maximum tensile stress value of neat SBR by more than 48%. Noticeable increase in glass transition temperature of the gel filled systems was also observed. Morphology of these gel filled elastomers was studied by a combination of energy dispersive X-ray mapping, transmission electron microscopy, and AFM techniques. Particulate filler composite reinforcement models were used to understand the reinforcement mechanism of these nanogels. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11671-009-9262-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mitra
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | | | - Anil K Bhowmick
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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Mitra S, Chattopadhyay S, Bharadwaj Y, Sabharwal S, Bhowmick AK. Effect of electron beam-cross-linked gels on the rheological properties of raw natural rubber. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Effects of quasi-nanogel particles on the rheological and mechanical properties of natural rubber: A new insight. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Manzur A, Rubio L. Strain-induced crystallization in cis- and trans-polyisoprene blends: Effect of molecular weight of trans-PI. J MACROMOL SCI B 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222349708220417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Manzur
- a Departamento de Física , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Apartado , Postal 55-534, 09340, México, D.F
| | - Luciana Rubio
- a Departamento de Física , Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Apartado , Postal 55-534, 09340, México, D.F
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Sengupta R, Sabharwal S, Tikku VK, Somani AK, Chaki TK, Bhowmick AK. Effect of ambient-temperature and high-temperature electron-beam radiation on the structural, thermal, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical properties of injection-molded polyamide-6,6. J Appl Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/app.22689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Marinović T, Valić S, Andreis M, Veksli Z. Study of matrix inhomogeneity of natural rubber and synthetic polyisoprenes by a spin probe method. POLYMER 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90330-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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