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Detection of Tahyna Orthobunyavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease in Croatia. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071443. [PMID: 35889162 PMCID: PMC9316594 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tahyna orthobunyavirus (TAHV) is widely distributed in continental Europe. Very few studies have analyzed TAHV seroprevalence in Croatia. We analyzed the prevalence of TAHV RNA and antibodies in Croatian patients with neuroinvasive disease (NID). Methods: A total of 218 patients with unsolved NID detected during five consecutive arbovirus transmission seasons (April 2017–October 2021) were tested. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine samples were tested for TAHV RNA using RT-PCR. In addition, CSF and serum samples were tested for TAHV antibodies using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Results: Clinical presentations in patients with NID were meningitis (141/64.7%), meningoencephalitis (56/25.7%), myelitis (8/3.7%), and ‘febrile headache’ (13/5.9%). TAHV RNA was not detected in any of the tested CSF or urine samples; however, TAHV-neutralizing (NT) antibodies were detected in 22/10.1% of patients. Detection of NT antibodies in the CSF of two patients presenting with meningitis suggested recent TAHV infection. TAHV seropositivity increased significantly with age, from 1.8% to 24.4%. There was no difference in seroprevalence between genders or areas of residence (urban, suburban/rural). The majority of seropositive patients (90.9%) resided in floodplains along the rivers in continental Croatia. Conclusions: The presented results confirm that TAHV is present in Croatia. The prevalence and clinical significance of TAHV infection in the Croatian population have yet to be determined.
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Teng AY, Che TL, Zhang AR, Zhang YY, Xu Q, Wang T, Sun YQ, Jiang BG, Lv CL, Chen JJ, Wang LP, Hay SI, Liu W, Fang LQ. Mapping the viruses belonging to the order Bunyavirales in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:81. [PMID: 35799306 PMCID: PMC9264531 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-00993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral pathogens belonging to the order Bunyavirales pose a continuous background threat to global health, but the fact remains that they are usually neglected and their distribution is still ambiguously known. We aim to map the geographical distribution of Bunyavirales viruses and assess the environmental suitability and transmission risk of major Bunyavirales viruses in China. METHODS We assembled data on all Bunyavirales viruses detected in humans, animals and vectors from multiple sources, to update distribution maps of them across China. In addition, we predicted environmental suitability at the 10 km × 10 km pixel level by applying boosted regression tree models for two important Bunyavirales viruses, including Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Based on model-projected risks and air travel volume, the imported risk of RVFV was also estimated from its endemic areas to the cities in China. RESULTS Here we mapped all 89 species of Bunyavirales viruses in China from January 1951 to June 2021. Nineteen viruses were shown to infect humans, including ten species first reported as human infections. A total of 447,848 cases infected with Bunyavirales viruses were reported, and hantaviruses, Dabie bandavirus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) had the severest disease burden. Model-predicted maps showed that Xinjiang and southwestern Yunnan had the highest environmental suitability for CCHFV occurrence, mainly related to Hyalomma asiaticum presence, while southern China had the highest environmental suitability for Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) transmission all year round, mainly driven by livestock density, mean precipitation in the previous month. We further identified three cities including Guangzhou, Beijing and Shanghai, with the highest imported risk of RVFV potentially from Egypt, South Africa, Saudi Arabia and Kenya. CONCLUSIONS A variety of Bunyavirales viruses are widely distributed in China, and the two major neglected Bunyavirales viruses including CCHFV and RVFV, both have the potential for outbreaks in local areas of China. Our study can help to promote the understanding of risk distribution and disease burden of Bunyavirales viruses in China, and the risk maps of CCHFV and RVFV occurrence are crucial to the targeted surveillance and control, especially in seasons and locations at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ying Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Le Che
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Ran Zhang
- Department of Research, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Gui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Long Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Simon I Hay
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Da Street, Fengtai, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang F, Chase-Topping M, Guo CG, Woolhouse MEJ. Predictors of human-infective RNA virus discovery in the United States, China, and Africa, an ecological study. eLife 2022; 11:e72123. [PMID: 35666108 PMCID: PMC9278958 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The variation in the pathogen type as well as the spatial heterogeneity of predictors make the generality of any associations with pathogen discovery debatable. Our previous work confirmed that the association of a group of predictors differed across different types of RNA viruses, yet there have been no previous comparisons of the specific predictors for RNA virus discovery in different regions. The aim of the current study was to close the gap by investigating whether predictors of discovery rates within three regions-the United States, China, and Africa-differ from one another and from those at the global level. Methods Based on a comprehensive list of human-infective RNA viruses, we collated published data on first discovery of each species in each region. We used a Poisson boosted regression tree (BRT) model to examine the relationship between virus discovery and 33 predictors representing climate, socio-economics, land use, and biodiversity across each region separately. The discovery probability in three regions in 2010-2019 was mapped using the fitted models and historical predictors. Results The numbers of human-infective virus species discovered in the United States, China, and Africa up to 2019 were 95, 80, and 107 respectively, with China lagging behind the other two regions. In each region, discoveries were clustered in hotspots. BRT modelling suggested that in all three regions RNA virus discovery was better predicted by land use and socio-economic variables than climatic variables and biodiversity, although the relative importance of these predictors varied by region. Map of virus discovery probability in 2010-2019 indicated several new hotspots outside historical high-risk areas. Most new virus species since 2010 in each region (6/6 in the United States, 19/19 in China, 12/19 in Africa) were discovered in high-risk areas as predicted by our model. Conclusions The drivers of spatiotemporal variation in virus discovery rates vary in different regions of the world. Within regions virus discovery is driven mainly by land-use and socio-economic variables; climate and biodiversity variables are consistently less important predictors than at a global scale. Potential new discovery hotspots in 2010-2019 are identified. Results from the study could guide active surveillance for new human-infective viruses in local high-risk areas. Funding FFZ is funded by the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh (https://darwintrust.bio.ed.ac.uk/). MEJW has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 874735 (VEO) (https://www.veo-europe.eu/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhang
- Usher Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Margo Chase-Topping
- Usher Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Chuan-Guo Guo
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong KongHong KongChina
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Yang D, Wang B, Zhou Y, Wang J, Chen H, Mei T, Ye S, Qu J. A thiolate-bridged Fe IVFe IV μ-nitrido complex and its hydrogenation reactivity toward ammonia formation. Nat Chem 2022; 14:46-52. [PMID: 34949791 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Iron nitrides are key intermediates in biological nitrogen fixation and the industrial Haber-Bosch process, used to form ammonia from dinitrogen. However, the proposed successive conversion of nitride to ammonia remains elusive. In this regard, the search for well-described multi-iron nitrido model complexes and investigations on controlling their reactivity towards ammonia formation have long been of great challenge and importance. Here we report a well-defined thiolate-bridged FeIVFeIV μ-nitrido complex featuring an uncommon bent Fe-N-Fe moiety. Remarkably, this complex shows excellent reactivity toward hydrogenation with H2 at ambient conditions, forming ammonia in high yield. Combined experimental and computational studies demonstrate that a thiolate-bridged FeIIIFeIII μ-amido complex is a key intermediate, which is generated through an unusual two-electron oxidation of H2. Moreover, ammonia production was also realized by treating this diiron μ-nitride with electrons and water as a proton source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhu Wang
- Mössbauer Effect Data Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. .,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Corrin T, Greig J, Harding S, Young I, Mascarenhas M, Waddell LA. Powassan virus, a scoping review of the global evidence. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 65:595-624. [PMID: 29911344 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powassan virus (POWV), a flavivirus discovered in 1958, causes sporadic but severe cases of encephalitis in humans. Since 2007, the number of human Powassan cases diagnosed each year in the USA has steadily increased. This is in agreement with predictions that Powassan cases may increase in North America as a result of increased exposure to infected ticks. However, the increase may also reflect improved diagnostics and reporting among other factors. METHODS A scoping review was prioritized to identify and characterize the global literature on POWV. Following an a priori developed protocol, a comprehensive search strategy was implemented. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for relevant research and the identified full papers were used to characterize the POWV literature using a predetermined data characterization tool. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-eight articles were included. The majority of the studies were conducted in North America (88.2%) between 1958 and 2017. Both genotypes of POWV (Powassan lineage 1 and Deer Tick virus) were isolated or studied in vitro, in vectors, nonhuman hosts and human populations. To date, POWV has been reported in 147 humans in North America. The virus has also been isolated from five tick species, and several animals have tested positive for exposure to the virus. The relevant articles identified in this review cover the following eight topics: epidemiology (123 studies), pathogenesis (66), surveillance (33), virus characterization (22), POWV transmission (8), diagnostic test accuracy (8), treatment (4) and mitigation strategies (3). CONCLUSION The literature on POWV is relatively small compared with other vector-borne diseases, likely because POWV has not been prioritized due to the small number of severe sporadic human cases. With the projected impact of climate change on tick populations, increases in the number of human cases are expected. It is recommended that future research efforts focus on closing some of the important knowledge gaps identified in this scoping review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia Corrin
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Judy Greig
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Shannon Harding
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Young
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mariola Mascarenhas
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa A Waddell
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Peiris J, Dittus W, Ratnayake C. Seroepidemiology of dengue and other arboviruses in a natural population of toque macaques (
Macaca sinica
) at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka. J Med Primatol 1993. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1993.tb00663.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.S.M. Peiris
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PeradeniyaSri Lanka
| | - W.P.J. Dittus
- Department of Zoological ResearchNational Zoological ParkSmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCU.S.A
- Institute of Fundamental StudiesKandySri Lanka
| | - C.B. Ratnayake
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PeradeniyaSri Lanka
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Gu HX, Artsob H, Lin YZ, Wang DM, Zhao BY, Long QZ. Arboviruses as aetiological agents of encephalitis in the People's Republic of China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992; 86:198-201. [PMID: 1332220 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A serological study was undertaken to determine the role of arboviruses as etiological agents of encephalitis in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Paired sera were collected during mosquito seasons in 1988-1990 from 614 patients with possible viral encephalitis in 15 regions of PRC and tested for haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies to selected arboviruses. Seroconversions were documented to alphavirus and flavivirus antigens in 13.0 and 18.7% of patients respectively in most of the study areas. No California group seroconversion was detected. The age of alphavirus seroconvertors ranged from 2 months to 32 years and of flavivirus seroconvertors from 6 months to 50 years, with higher numbers in males. Serious central nervous system manifestations were seen more commonly in flavivirus seroconvertors. This study affirms the importance of flavivirus as causative agents of encephalitis in PRC and provides evidence that one or more alphaviruses are causing symptomatic infections with neurological involvement in PRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Medical University, People's Republic of China
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Gu HX, Artsob H. The possible presence of Tahyna (Bunyaviridae, California serogroup) virus in The People's Republic of China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1987; 81:693. [PMID: 3445356 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(87)90459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H X Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Medical University, People's Republic of China
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