1
|
Horrocks KJ, Avila GA, Holwell GI, Suckling DM. Irradiation-induced sterility in an egg parasitoid and possible implications for the use of biological control in insect eradication. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12326. [PMID: 34112932 PMCID: PMC8192755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical biological control is a pest control tool involving the release of imported natural enemies. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) comprises releasing sexually sterile insects of a pest into the wild population for suppression or eradication. Both these approaches are environmentally friendly and their combination can result in a synergistic impact on pest populations and improve eradication. However, stringent regulation surrounding the introduction of biological control agents limits their use in eradication owing to the perceived risk of effects on non-target organisms. We investigated the irradiation biology of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis to ascertain whether sterile parasitoids could mitigate the risk of potential sustained non-target impacts. Mated female T. basalis were gamma-irradiated at doses between 120 and 150 Gy and exposed to egg masses of their host Nezara viridula throughout their lifespans. This resulted in host mortality, despite a substantial reduction in developing parasitoid offspring, which followed a negative dose-response. There was no emergence of parasitoid offspring at 140 Gy and above. Irradiation did not affect oviposition behaviour but caused an increase in longevity. Consequently, sterile parasitoids could possibly alleviate concerns regarding the irreversibility of biological control release, which promotes further investigation of their potential role in eradication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Jonathan Horrocks
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Gonzalo Andres Avila
- grid.27859.31The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland Mail Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1025 New Zealand ,Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Ian Holwell
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - David Maxwell Suckling
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand ,The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Christchurch Mail Centre, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, 8140 New Zealand ,Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vaiserman A, Cuttler JM, Socol Y. Low-dose ionizing radiation as a hormetin: experimental observations and therapeutic perspective for age-related disorders. Biogerontology 2021; 22:145-164. [PMID: 33420860 PMCID: PMC7794644 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hormesis is any kind of biphasic dose-response when low doses of some agents are beneficial while higher doses are detrimental. Radiation hormesis is the most thoroughly investigated among all hormesis-like phenomena, in particular in biogerontology. In this review, we aimed to summarize research evidence supporting hormesis through exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR). Radiation-induced longevity hormesis has been repeatedly reported in invertebrate models such as C. elegans, Drosophila and flour beetles and in vertebrate models including guinea pigs, mice and rabbits. On the contrary, suppressing natural background radiation was repeatedly found to cause detrimental effects in protozoa, bacteria and flies. We also discussed here the possibility of clinical use of LDIR, predominantly for age-related disorders, e.g., Alzheimer's disease, for which no remedies are available. There is accumulating evidence that LDIR, such as those commonly used in X-ray imaging including computer tomography, might act as a hormetin. Of course, caution should be exercised when introducing new medical practices, and LDIR therapy is no exception. However, due to the low average residual life expectancy in old patients, the short-term benefits of such interventions (e.g., potential therapeutic effect against dementia) may outweigh their hypothetical delayed risks (e.g., cancer). We argue here that assessment and clinical trials of LDIR treatments should be given priority bearing in mind the enormous economic, social and ethical implications of potentially-treatable, age-related disorders.
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
Ducoff HS. The age at which cancer occurs-an overlooked parameter! Radiat Res 2009; 172:525. [PMID: 19772474 DOI: 10.1667/rrxx15.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Nagayama Y, Kaminoda K, Mizutori Y, Saitoh O, Abiru N. Exacerbation of autoimmune thyroiditis by a single low dose of whole-body irradiation in non-obese diabetic-H2h4 mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 84:761-9. [PMID: 18821390 DOI: 10.1080/09553000802345910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate how irradiation affects thyroid autoimmunity in mouse models of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' hyperthyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-obese diabetic (NOD)-H2(h4) mice spontaneously develop anti-thyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies and thyroiditis when supplied with sodium iodine (NaI) in the drinking water. BALB/c mice develop anti-thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) antibodies and hyperthyroidism following immunization with adenovirus expressing TSHR (Ad-TSHR). Mice were irradiated as follows: A single whole-body irradiation with 0.05, 0.5 or 3 Gy one week before or after the beginning of NaI or immunization with Ad-TSHR, fractionated whole-body irradiations with 0.05 Gy twice a week or 0.5 Gy once a week from one week before NaI or Ad-TSHR immunization, or a single regional irradiation to the thyroid gland with 0.5 Gy one week before NaI. The effect of a single irradiation with 0.05, 0.5 or 3 Gy on splenocytes was also evaluated. RESULTS A single whole-body irradiation with 0.5 Gy one week before NaI exacerbated thyroiditis and increased anti-Tg antibody titers in NOD-H2(h4) mice. In contrast, any irradiation protocols employed did not affect incidence of hyperthyroidism or anti-TSHR antibody titers in BALB/c mice. High-dose irradiation increased the relative ratios of effector T cells to regulatory T cells (an indication of enhanced immune status) but kills most of T cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a single whole-body low-dose irradiation with 0.5 Gy exacerbates thyroiditis in NOD-H2(h4) mice, data consistent with some clinical evidence for increased incidence of thyroid autoimmunity by environmental irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Medical Gene Technology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Research reports using cells from bacteria, yeast, alga, nematodes, fish, plants, insects, amphibians, birds and mammals, including wild deer, rodents or humans show non-linear radio-adaptive processes in response to low doses of low LET radiation. Low doses increased cellular DNA double-strand break repair capacity, reduced the risk of cell death, reduced radiation or chemically-induced chromosomal aberrations and mutations, and reduced spontaneous or radiation-induced malignant transformation in vitro. In animals, a single low, whole body dose of low LET radiation, increased cancer latency and restored a portion of the life that would have been lost due to either spontaneous or radiation-induced cancer in the absence of the low dose. In genetically normal fetal mice, a prior low dose protected against radiation-induced birth defects. In genetically normal adult-male mice, a low dose prior to a high dose protected the offspring of the mice from heritable mutations produced by the large dose. The results show that low doses of low-LET radiation induce protective effects and that these induced responses have been tightly conserved throughout evolution, suggesting that they are basic responses critical to life. The results also argue strongly that the assumption of a linear increase in risk with increasing dose in humans is unlikely to be correct, and that low doses actually reduce risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E J Mitchel
- Radiation Biology and Health Physics Branch, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yamaoka K, Kataoka T, Nomura T, Taguchi T, Wang DH, Mori S, Hanamoto K, Kira S. Inhibitory effects of prior low-dose X-ray irradiation on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in acatalasemic mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2004; 45:89-95. [PMID: 15133295 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.45.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The catalase activities in blood and organs of the acatalasemic (C3H/AnLCs(b)Cs(b)) mouse of C3H strain are lower than those of the normal (C3H/AnLCs (a)Cs(a)) mouse. We examined the effects of prior low-dose (0.5 Gy) X-ray irradiation, which reduced the oxidative damage under carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in the acatalasemic or normal mice. The acatalasemic mice showed a significantly lower catalase activity and a significantly higher glutathione peroxidase activity compared with those in the normal mice. Moreover, low-dose irradiation increased the catalase activity in the acatalasemic mouse liver to a level similar to that of the normal mouse liver. Pathological examinations and analyses of blood glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity and lipid peroxide levels showed that carbon tetrachloride induced hepatopathy was inhibited by low-dose irradiation. These findings may indicate that the free radical reaction induced by the lack of catalase and the administration of carbon tetrachloride is more properly neutralized by high glutathione peroxidase activity and low-dose irradiation in the acatalasemic mouse liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyonori Yamaoka
- Chair of Medical Radioscience, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Although the biological effects of large doses of ionizing radiation are predominantly harmful, low-to-intermediate doses have been observed to enhance growth and survival, augment the immune response, and increase resistance to the mutagenic and clastogenic effects of further irradiation in plants, bacteria, insects, and mammals. The existence of these stimulatory, or "adaptive", responses implies that the dose-response relationships for genetic and carcinogenic effects of radiation may be similarly biphasic, or hormetic, in nature, a possibility with far-reaching implications for radiation protection. As yet, however, the extent to which such responses may actually reduce the risks attributable to low-level irradiation remains to be determined, pending further elucidation of the relevant dose-response relationships and the apparent lack of responsiveness in some individuals. Therefore, further research is needed to resolve this question.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C Upton
- Department of Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick 08901-2008, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Pretreatment with nonlethal, low-dose irradiation has been shown to have a protective effect against oxidative injury in animal tissues. Since oxidative injury of tissues is known to be a major cause of many human diseases, we examined the effect of low-dose irradiation on the progression of type I diabetes in mice. Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice were treated with gamma irradiation and the progression of the disease was monitored. An elevated level of glucose in urine was first detected at 15 weeks of age in the control NOD mice, whereas the detection was delayed as long as 7 weeks when the mice received a single dose of 0.5 Gy total-body irradiation between 12 and 14 weeks of age. The greatest effect was observed in the mice irradiated at 13 weeks of age. The increase in blood glucose and decrease in blood insulin were effectively suppressed by irradiation at 13 weeks of age. Both suppression of cell death by apoptosis and an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed in the pancreas 1 week after irradiation. The results indicate that treatment with 0.5 Gy gamma rays suppresses progression of type I diabetes in NOD mice. This is the first report on the preventive effect of low-dose irradiation on disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Takahashi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sohal RS, Mockett RJ, Orr WC. Current issues concerning the role of oxidative stress in aging: a perspective. Results Probl Cell Differ 2000; 29:45-66. [PMID: 10838694 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-48003-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The main tenet of the oxidative stress hypothesis of aging is that accrual of molecular oxidative damage is the principal causal factor in the senescence-related loss of ability to maintain homeostasis. This hypothesis has garnered a considerable amount of supportive correlational evidence, which is now being extended experimentally in transgenic Drosophila over-expressing antioxidative defense enzymes. Some of these studies have reported extensions of life span, while others have not. Interpretation of life spans in poikilotherms is complicated by a number of factors, including the interrelationship between metabolic rate and longevity. The life spans of poikilotherms can be extended multi-fold by reducing the metabolic rate but without affecting the metabolic potential, i.e., the total amount of energy expended during life. A hypometabolic state in poikilotherms also enhances stress resistance and activities of antioxidative enzymes. It is emphasized that extension of life span without simultaneously increasing metabolic potential is of questionable biological significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R S Sohal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
We examined the effects of irradiation (50 cGy of gamma-ray) reducing the oxidative damage in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-hepatopathy mice. We made pathological examinations and analyzed transaminase activity (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase), lipid peroxide level and the activities of endogenous antioxidants in the mouse. The irradiation was found to accelerate the recovery. Based on pathological examination as well as changes in each transaminase activity and lipid peroxide levels, it was shown that hepatopathy improved 3 d after the irradiation. The activities of glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase rapidly elevated after irradiation, and the total glutathione content gradually increased in the irradiation group. Both activities of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and catalase were higher than normal at all times after the irradiation and gradually increased. In addition, the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity changed in a similar fashion to the total glutathione content. However, superoxide dismutase activity in both groups decreased and that of the irradiation group was significantly lower than that of the sham-irradiation group. These findings suggest that low-dose radiation relieved functional disorder at least in the liver of mice with active oxygen diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Nomura
- Bio-Science Department Komae Branch, Abiko Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|