1
|
Hsu WT, Ramirez DA, Sammakia T, Tan Z, Shirts MR. Identifying signatures of proteolytic stability and monomeric propensity in O-glycosylated insulin using molecular simulation. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2022; 36:313-328. [PMID: 35507105 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-022-00453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Insulin has been commonly adopted as a peptide drug to treat diabetes as it facilitates the uptake of glucose from the blood. The development of oral insulin remains elusive over decades owing to its susceptibility to the enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract and poor permeability through the intestinal epithelium upon dimerization. Recent experimental studies have revealed that certain O-linked glycosylation patterns could enhance insulin's proteolytic stability and reduce its dimerization propensity, but understanding such phenomena at the molecular level is still difficult. To address this challenge, we proposed and tested several structural determinants that could potentially influence insulin's proteolytic stability and dimerization propensity. We used these metrics to assess the properties of interest from [Formula: see text] aggregate molecular dynamics of each of 12 targeted insulin glyco-variants from multiple wild-type crystal structures. We found that glycan-involved hydrogen bonds and glycan-dimer occlusion were useful metrics predicting the proteolytic stability and dimerization propensity of insulin, respectively, as was in part the solvent-accessible surface area of proteolytic sites. However, other plausible metrics were not generally predictive. This work helps better explain how O-linked glycosylation influences the proteolytic stability and monomeric propensity of insulin, illuminating a path towards rational molecular design of insulin glycoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tse Hsu
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Dominique A Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Tarek Sammakia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Zhongping Tan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Michael R Shirts
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elbastawesy MA, Aly AA, El-Shaier YA, Brown AB, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Ramadan M. New 4-thiazolidinone/quinoline-2-ones scaffold: Design, synthesis, docking studies and biological evaluation as potential urease inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
3
|
Ikram M, Rehman S, Akhtar MN, Subhan F, Aslam S. Selective Urease Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Activities of Transition Metal Complexes of Amino Acid Bearing Schiff Base Ligand: Thermal Degradation Behavior of Complexes. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
4
|
Bari A, Khan ZA, Shahzad SA, Raza Naqvi SA, Khan SA, Amjad H, Iqbal A, Yar M. Design and syntheses of 7-nitro-2-aryl-4 H-benzo[ d][1,3]oxazin-4-ones as potent anticancer and antioxidant agents. J Mol Struct 2020; 1214:128252. [PMID: 32292211 PMCID: PMC7153534 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A group of new nitro substituted benzoxazinones (3a-k) were synthesized from easily available 4-nitroanthranilic acid. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic potential of all the synthesized compounds (3a-k) was evaluated by MTT and Hoechst 33258 staining assay respectively whereas their antioxidant properties were determined via DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The most active compounds (3a, 3c and 3k) showed significant cytotoxic potential against HeLa cells with an inhibition of cell viability that ranged between 28.54 and 44.67% (P < 0.001). Albeit statistically different, the anti-proliferative effect of 3c was in close match with that of the reference drug doxorubicin. Likewise, the test compounds showed profound pro-apoptotic potential with an apoptotic index that ranged between 52.86 and 75.61%. Besides, the docking studies revealed a higher efficiency for compounds (3a and 3h) owing to their better affinity and inhibition constant (Ki = 4.397 and 3.713 nmol) respectively. The antioxidant potential of synthesized benzoxazinones (3a-k) was in close agreement with the experimental anticancer results with a percent inhibition from 34.45 to 85.93% as compared to standard (90.56%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Bari
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sohail Anjum Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ali Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, China
| | - Hira Amjad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taha M, Rahim F, Ullah H, Wadood A, Farooq RK, Shah SAA, Nawaz M, Zakaria ZA. Synthesis, in vitro urease inhibitory potential and molecular docking study of benzofuran-based-thiazoldinone analogues. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10673. [PMID: 32606439 PMCID: PMC7326984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In continuation of our work on enzyme inhibition, the benzofuran-based-thiazoldinone analogues (1-14) were synthesized, characterized by HREI-MS, 1H and 13CNMR and evaluated for urease inhibition. Compounds 1-14 exhibited a varying degree of urease inhibitory activity with IC50 values between 1.2 ± 0.01 to 23.50 ± 0.70 µM when compared with standard drug thiourea having IC50 value 21.40 ± 0.21 µM. Compound 1, 3, 5 and 8 showed significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values 1.2 ± 0.01, 2.20 ± 0.01, 1.40 ± 0.01 and 2.90 ± 0.01 µM respectively, better than the rest of the series. A structure activity relationship (SAR) of this series has been established based on electronic effects and position of different substituents present on phenyl ring. Molecular docking studies were performed to understand the binding interaction of the compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Halal Institute Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kataria R, Khatkar A. In-silico Designing, ADMET Analysis, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Derivatives of Diosmin Against Urease Protein and Helicobacter pylori Bacterium. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2658-2675. [PMID: 31724503 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191114123452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Designing drug candidates against the urease enzyme, which has been found responsible for many pathological disorders in human beings as well as in animals, was done by insilico means. METHODS Studies were carried out on a designed library of diosmin derivatives with the help of Schrodinger's maestro package of molecular docking software against a crystallographic complex of plant enzyme Jack bean urease (PDB ID: 3LA4). Best twelve derivatives of diosmin were selected for synthesis by considering their interaction energy along with docking score and were further investigated for antioxidant, urease inhibitory and Anti-H. pylori activity by in- vitro method along with ADMET analysis. RESULTS In-vitro results of series concluded compounds D2a, D2d and D7 (IC50 12.6 ± 0.002, 14.14 ± 0.001 and 15.64 ± 0.012 µM respectively in urease inhibition and 5.195 ± 0.036, 5.39 ± 0.020 and 5.64± 0.005 µM in antioxidant behavior against DPPH) were found to be significantly potent with excellent docking score -11.721, -10.795, -10.188 and binding energy -62.674, -63.352, -56.267 kJ/ mol as compared to standard drugs thiourea and acetohydroxamic acid (-3.459, -3.049 and -21.156 kJ/mol and - 17.454 kJ/mol) whereas compounds D2b, D5b, D5d and D6 were found moderate in urease inhibitory activity. CONCLUSION Selected candidates from the outcome of in-vitro urease inhibitory were further examined for anti- H. pylori activity by a well diffusion method against H. pylori bacterium (DSM 4867). Compound D2a showed good anti-H. Pylori activity with a zone of inhibition 10.00 ± 0.00 mm and MIC value 500µg/mL as compared to standard drug acetohydroxamic acid having a zone of inhibition 9.00 ± 0.50mm and MIC 1000µg/mL. In- silico studies played an important role in designing the potent ligands against urease protein as well as in explaining the binding pattern of designed and synthesized ligand within the active pocket of jack bean urease protein. ADMET studies were also carried out to check the drug similarity of designed compounds by the means of quikprop module of molecular docking software. Hence, the present investigation studies will provide a new vision for the discovery of potent agents against H. pylori and urease associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Kataria
- International Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Laboratory for Prevention Technology and Enzyme Inhibition Studies, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Knierbein M, Wangler A, Luong TQ, Winter R, Held C, Sadowski G. Combined co-solvent and pressure effect on kinetics of a peptide hydrolysis: an activity-based approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22224-22229. [PMID: 31576857 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of co-solvents and high pressure has been reported to be an efficient means to tune the kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Co-solvents and pressure can lead to increased reaction rates without sacrificing enzyme stability, while temperature and pH operation windows are generally very narrow. Quantitative prediction of co-solvent and pressure effects on enzymatic reactions has not been successfully addressed in the literature. Herein, we are introducing a thermodynamic approach that is based on molecular interactions in the form of activity coefficients of substrate and of enzyme in the multi-component solution. This allowed us to quantitatively predict the combined effect of co-solvent and pressure on the kinetic constants, i.e. the Michaelis constant KM and the catalytic constant kcat, of an α-CT-catalyzed peptide hydrolysis reaction. The reaction was studied in the presence of different types of co-solvents and at pressures up to 2 kbar, and quantitative predictions could be obtained for KM, kcat, and finally even primary Michaelis-Menten plots using activity coefficients provided by the thermodynamic model PC-SAFT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Knierbein
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Anton Wangler
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Trung Quan Luong
- Physical Chemistry I, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Winter
- Physical Chemistry I, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen YH, Zhao H. Evolution of digestive enzymes and dietary diversification in birds. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6840. [PMID: 31086749 PMCID: PMC6487185 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates, Aves possesses diverse feeding habits, with multiple origins of insectivory, carnivory, frugivory, nectarivory, granivory and omnivory. Since digestive enzymes mediate and limit energy and nutrient uptake, we hypothesized that genes encoding digestive enzymes have undergone adaptive evolution in birds. To test this general hypothesis, we identified 16 digestive enzyme genes (including seven carbohydrase genes (hepatic amy, pancreatic amy, salivary amy, agl, g6pc, gaa and gck), three lipase genes (cyp7a1, lipf and pnlip), two protease genes (ctrc and pgc), two lysozyme genes (lyz and lyg) and two chitinase genes (chia and chit1)) from the available genomes of 48 bird species. Among these 16 genes, three (salivary amy, lipf and chit1) were not found in all 48 avian genomes, which was further supported by our synteny analysis. Of the remaining 13 genes, eight were single-copy and five (chia, gaa, lyz, lyg and pgc) were multi-copy. Moreover, the multi-copy genes gaa, lyg and pgc were predicted to exhibit functional divergence among copies. Positively selected sites were detected in all of the analyzed digestive enzyme genes, except agl, g6pc, gaa and gck, suggesting that different diets may have favored differences in catalytic capacities of these enzymes. Furthermore, the analysis also revealed that the pancreatic amylase gene and one of the lipase genes (cyp7a1) have higher ω (the ratio of nonsynonymous to the synonymous substitution rates) values in species consuming a larger amount of seeds and meat, respectively, indicating an intense selection. In addition, the gck carbohydrase gene in species consuming a smaller amount of seeds, fruits or nectar, and a lipase gene (pnlip) in species consuming less meat were found to be under relaxed selection. Thus, gene loss, gene duplication, functional divergence, positive selection and relaxed selection have collectively shaped the evolution of digestive enzymes in birds, and the evolutionary flexibility of these enzymes may have facilitated their dietary diversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Chen
- Department of Ecology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huabin Zhao
- Department of Ecology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Vaissier Welborn
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Taha M, Wadood A. Synthesis and molecular docking study of piperazine derivatives as potent urease inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:411-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
11
|
Kamdem RST, Wafo P, Dawe A, Nganteng DND, Ogechukwu UB, Rasheed S, Ogechukwu OE, Makhloufi G, Ali Z, Khan IA, Choudhary MI, Janiak C, Proksch P. Bioactive chemical constituents of Duboscia macrocarpa Bocq., and X-ray diffraction study of 11β, 12β-epoxyfriedours-14-en-3α-ol. Fitoterapia 2017; 125:65-71. [PMID: 29273414 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A new γ-lactone triterpenoid, Evodoulolide (1) and a new triterpenoid Duboscic acid B (2), along with five known compounds, maslinic acid (3), arboreic acid (4), (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl] prop-2-enamide (5), (E)-heptacos-19-enoic acid (6) and 11β,12β-epoxyfriedours-14-en-3α-ol (7) were isolated from the trunk wood of Duboscia macrocarpa. Their structures were elucidated from extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR and MS and by comparison of their spectra with published data. Compounds 1, 3, 5 and 6 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compound 5 was found to be a potent inhibitor (IC50=5.1±0.1μM) of α-glucosidase as compared to acarbose (IC50=625.0±1μM) used as standard drug. These compounds did not show anti-glycation activity using the BSA-MG glycation model or inhibition against the α-chymotrypsin enzyme. The chemotaxonomic connotation of the isolated secondary metabolites is also herein described. The single-crystal X-ray and absolute configuration diffraction analysis of 11α, 12α-epoxyfriedours-14-en-3-ol (7) is also described here for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramsay S T Kamdem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Organic Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, the University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Pascal Wafo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, the University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Amadou Dawe
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, the University of Maroua I, P.O. Box 47, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Dieu Ne Dort Nganteng
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, the University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 47, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Umeokoli Blessing Ogechukwu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Saima Rasheed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Omeje E Ogechukwu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, 410001 Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Gamall Makhloufi
- Institute of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38655, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38655, USA
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institute of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang ZQ, Liu RD, Sun GG, Song YY, Jiang P, Zhang X, Cui J. Proteomic Analysis of Trichinella spiralis Adult Worm Excretory-Secretory Proteins Recognized by Sera of Patients with Early Trichinellosis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:986. [PMID: 28620363 PMCID: PMC5449722 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The most commonly used serodiagnostic antigens for trichinellosis are the excretory-secretory (ES) antigens from T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML), but the specific antibodies against the ML ES antigens are usually negative during early stage of Trichinella infection. The recent studies demonstrated that T. spiralis adult worm (AW) antigens were recognized by mouse or swine infection sera on Western blot as early as 7–15 days post-infection (dpi), the AW antigens might contain the early diagnostic markers for trichinellosis. The purpose of this study was to screen early diagnostic antigens in T. spiralis AW ES proteins recognized by sera of early patients with trichinellosis. T. spiralis AW were collected at 72 h post-infection (hpi), and their ES antigens were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Our results showed that 5 protein bands (55, 48–50, 45, 44, and 36 kDa) were recognized by sera of early patients with trichinellosis collected at 19 dpi, and were subjected to shotgun LC–MS/MS and bioinformatics analyses. A total of 185 proteins were identified from T. spiralis protein database, of which 116 (67.2%) proteins had molecular weights of 30∼60 kDa, and 125 (67.6%) proteins with pI 4–7. Bioinformatic analyses showed that the identified proteins have a wide diversity of biological functions (binding of nucleotides, proteins, ions, carbohydrates, and lipids; hydrolase, transferase, and oxidoreductase, etc.). Several enzymes (e.g., adult-specific DNase II, serine protease and serine protease inhibitor) could be the invasion-related proteins and early diagnostic markers for trichinellosis. Moreover, recombinant T. spiralis serine protease (rTsSP-ZH68) was expressed in E. coli and its antigenicity was analyzed by Western blot with the early infection sera. The rTsSP-ZH68 was recognized by sera of infected mice at 8–10 dpi and sera of early patients with trichinellosis at 19 dpi. T. spiralis AW proteins identified in this study, especially serine protease, are the promising early diagnostic antigens and vaccine candidates for trichinellosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Q Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Ruo D Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Ge G Sun
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Y Song
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xin L, Li Y, Wu L, Zhao J, Song Z. Quantitative Monitoring of Rutin in Human Urine by Flow Injection-Chemiluminescence Analysis. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ladi Xin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 China
| | - Yajuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 China
| | - Lingmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 China
| | - Jingchan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 China
| | - Zhenghua Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710127 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marasini BP, Rahim F, Perveen S, Karim A, Mohammed Khan K, Atta-ur-Rahman, Choudhary MI. Synthesis, structure-activity relationships studies of benzoxazinone derivatives as α -chymotrypsin inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2017; 70:210-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
15
|
α-Chymotrypsin regulates free fatty acids and UCHL-1 to ameliorate N-methyl nitrosourea induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 24:277-286. [PMID: 27671329 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of α-chymotrypsin on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. Animals were randomized into four groups (six animals in each). Group I (sham control 0.9 % normal saline p.o.); Group II (toxic control, MNU 47 mg/kg, i.v.); Group III (α-chymotrypsin, 5 mg/kg, p.o.); Group IV (α-chymotrypsin, 10 mg/kg p.o.). Toxicity was induced by single i.v. injection of MNU followed by α-chymotrypsin supplementation therapy for 100 days. MNU treatment was evident with increased alveolar bud count, differentiation score, upregulated inflammatory enzymes markers (COX, LOX and NO) antioxidative stress markers (TBARs, SOD, catalase and GSH).MNU associated toxicity was also ascertained by PGP 9.5 and NF-κB expression in the mammary gland tissue followed by FAME analysis for fatty acid profiling. α-chymotrypsin afforded significant protection against the deleterious effects of MNU.
Collapse
|
16
|
Siddiqui H, Farooq R, Marasini BP, Malik R, Syed N, Moin ST, Atta-ur-Rahman, Choudhary MI. Synthesis and in vitro α-chymotrypsin inhibitory activity of 6-chlorobenzimidazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3387-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
17
|
Alcaráz MR, Schwaighofer A, Goicoechea H, Lendl B. EC-QCL mid-IR transmission spectroscopy for monitoring dynamic changes of protein secondary structure in aqueous solution on the example of β-aggregation in alcohol-denaturated α-chymotrypsin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3933-41. [PMID: 27007739 PMCID: PMC4873525 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel EC-QCL-based setup for mid-IR transmission measurements in the amide I region is introduced for monitoring dynamic changes in secondary structure of proteins. For this purpose, α-chymotrypsin (aCT) acts as a model protein, which gradually forms intermolecular β-sheet aggregates after adopting a non-native α-helical structure induced by exposure to 50 % TFE. In order to showcase the versatility of the presented setup, the effects of varying pH values and protein concentration on the rate of β-aggregation were studied. The influence of the pH value on the initial reaction rate was studied in the range of pH 5.8-8.2. Results indicate an increased aggregation rate at elevated pH values. Furthermore, the widely accessible concentration range of the laser-based IR transmission setup was utilized to investigate β-aggregation across a concentration range of 5-60 mg mL(-1). For concentrations lower than 20 mg mL(-1), the aggregation rate appears to be independent of concentration. At higher values, the reaction rate increases linearly with protein concentration. Extended MCR-ALS was employed to obtain pure spectral and concentration profiles of the temporal transition between α-helices and intermolecular β-sheets. Comparison of the global solutions obtained by the modelled data with results acquired by the laser-based IR transmission setup at different conditions shows excellent agreement. This demonstrates the potential and versatility of the EC-QCL-based IR transmission setup to monitor dynamic changes of protein secondary structure in aqueous solution at varying conditions and across a wide concentration range. Graphical abstract EC-QCL IR spectroscopy for monitoring protein conformation change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirta R Alcaráz
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164-UPA, 1060, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría, FBCB, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andreas Schwaighofer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164-UPA, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Héctor Goicoechea
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría, FBCB, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Bernhard Lendl
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164-UPA, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rahim F, Ali M, Ullah S, Rashid U, Ullah H, Taha M, Javed MT, Rehman W, Khan AA, Abid OUR, Bilal M. Development of bis-thiobarbiturates as successful urease inhibitors and their molecular modeling studies. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
19
|
Nath I, Chakraborty J, Verpoort F. Metal organic frameworks mimicking natural enzymes: a structural and functional analogy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:4127-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00047a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we have portrayed the structure, synthesis and applications of a variety of biomimetic MOFs from an unprecedented angle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Nath
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Center for Chemical and Material Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
| | - Jeet Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Center for Chemical and Material Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
| | - Francis Verpoort
- Laboratory of Organometallics
- Catalysis and Ordered Materials
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Center for Chemical and Material Engineering
- Wuhan University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dallas DC, Murray NM, Gan J. Proteolytic Systems in Milk: Perspectives on the Evolutionary Function within the Mammary Gland and the Infant. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2015; 20:133-47. [PMID: 26179272 PMCID: PMC4637187 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-015-9334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk contains elements of numerous proteolytic systems (zymogens, active proteases, protease inhibitors and protease activators) produced in part from blood, in part by mammary epithelial cells and in part by immune cell secretion. Researchers have examined milk proteases for decades, as they can cause major defects in milk quality and cheese production. Most previous research has examined these proteases with the aim to eliminate or control their actions. However, our recent peptidomics research demonstrates that these milk proteases produce specific peptides in healthy milk and continue to function within the infant's gastrointestinal tract. These findings suggest that milk proteases have an evolutionary function in aiding the infant's digestion or releasing functional peptides. In other words, the mother provides the infant with not only dietary proteins but also the means to digest them. However, proteolysis in the milk is controlled by a balance of protease inhibitors and protease activators so that only a small portion of milk proteins are digested within the mammary gland. This regulation presents a question: If proteolysis is beneficial to the infant, what benefits are gained by preventing complete proteolysis through the presence of protease inhibitors? In addition to summarizing what is known about milk proteolytic systems, we explore possible evolutionary explanations for this proteolytic balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Dallas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Niamh M Murray
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Junai Gan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Montoya-Rodríguez A, Gómez-Favela MA, Reyes-Moreno C, Milán-Carrillo J, González de Mejía E. Identification of Bioactive Peptide Sequences from Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) Seed Proteins and Their Potential Role in the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015; 14:139-158. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Montoya-Rodríguez
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS; Ciudad Univ; AP 1354, CP 80000 Culiacán Sinaloa México
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; IL 61801 U.S.A
| | - Mario A. Gómez-Favela
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS; Ciudad Univ; AP 1354, CP 80000 Culiacán Sinaloa México
| | - Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS; Ciudad Univ; AP 1354, CP 80000 Culiacán Sinaloa México
| | - Jorge Milán-Carrillo
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS; Ciudad Univ; AP 1354, CP 80000 Culiacán Sinaloa México
| | - Elvira González de Mejía
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; IL 61801 U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang W, Liu SL, Liu YY, Qiao CL, Chen SL, Cui F. Over-transcription of genes in a parathion-resistant strain of mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 22:150-156. [PMID: 24431295 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is an evolutionary adaptation that develops quite quickly in mosquitoes because of the high selection pressure of chemical insecticides, rapid generation time and large population size. Identification of genes associated with insecticide resistance is fundamental to understand the complex processes responsible for resistance. We compared the gene transcriptional profiles of parathion-resistant and -susceptible Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus using a combination of suppression subtractive hybridization and complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray techniques. A total of 278 colonies were selected from the resistant-susceptible mosquito subtractive library, 38 of which showed more than two fold stronger immunoblotting signals in the resistant strain than in the susceptible strain using cDNA microarray selection. The sequencing results showed that the 38 colonies can be matched to 12 genes of C. p. quinquefasciatus. Eight genes were confirmed to be overexpressed by more than two fold in the resistant strain. These genes encode chymotrypsin-1, theta glutathione S-transferase, lipase 3, larval serum protein 1 β chain, cytochrome b, mitochondrial ribosomal large subunit, 28S rRNA, and a protein with unknown function. This study serves as a preliminary attempt to identify new genes associated with organophosphate resistance in this mosquito species and provides insights into the complicated physiological phenomenon of insecticide resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Voigt J, Biehl B. Precursors of the Cocoa-Specific Aroma Components are Derived from the Vicilin-Class (7S) Globulin of the Cocoa Seeds by Proteolytic Processing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1995.tb00496.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Smitherman C, Gadda G. Evidence for a Transient Peroxynitro Acid in the Reaction Catalyzed by Nitronate Monooxygenase with Propionate 3-Nitronate. Biochemistry 2013; 52:2694-704. [DOI: 10.1021/bi400030d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Smitherman
- Departments of †Chemistry and ‡Biology and §The Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
30302-4098,
United States
| | - Giovanni Gadda
- Departments of †Chemistry and ‡Biology and §The Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
30302-4098,
United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim EK, Hwang JW, Kim YS, Ahn CB, Jeon YJ, Kweon HJ, Bahk YY, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. A novel bioactive peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of Ruditapes philippinarum: Purification and investigation of its free-radical quenching potential. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
27
|
Huang J, Hastings CL, Duffy GP, Kelly HM, Raeburn J, Adams DJ, Heise A. Supramolecular Hydrogels with Reverse Thermal Gelation Properties from (Oligo)tyrosine Containing Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bm301629f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- School of Chemical
Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Jaclyn Raeburn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street,
Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dave J. Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street,
Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heise
- School of Chemical
Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Asami T, Nishizawa N, Ishibashi Y, Nishibori K, Nakayama M, Horikoshi Y, Matsumoto SI, Yamaguchi M, Matsumoto H, Tarui N, Ohtaki T, Kitada C. Serum stability of selected decapeptide agonists of KISS1R using pseudopeptides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6391-6. [PMID: 22975302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastin/kisspeptin, a 54-amino acid peptide, is the ligand of the G-protein-coupled receptor KISS1R which plays a key role in pathways that regulate reproduction and cell migration in many endocrine and gonadal tissues. The N-terminally truncated decapeptide, metastin(45-54), has 3-10 times higher receptor affinity and intracellular calcium ion-mobilizing activity but is rapidly inactivated in serum. In this study we designed and synthesized stable KISS1R agonistic decapeptide analogs with selected substitutions at positions 47, 50, and 51. Replacement of glycine with azaglycine (azaGly) in which the α-carbon is replaced with a nitrogen atom at position 51 improved the stability of amide bonds between Phe(50)-Gly(51) and Gly(51)-Leu(52) as determined by in vitro mouse serum stability studies. Substitution for tryptophan at position 47 with other amino acids such as serine, threonine, β-(3-pyridyl)alanine, and D-tryptophan (D-Trp), produced analogs that were highly stable in mouse serum. D-Trp(47) analog 13 showed not only high metabolic stability but also excellent KISS1R agonistic activity. Other labile peptides may have increased serum stability using amino acid substitution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Asami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Choudhary MI, Ali M, Wahab AT, Khan A, Rasheed S, Shyaula SL, Rahman AU. New antiglycation and enzyme inhibitors from Parmotrema cooperi. Sci China Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-011-4436-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
30
|
Ettouhami A, Yahyi A, El Mejdoubi A, El Bali B, Siddiq S, Noureen S, Marasini BP, Khan A, Rasheed S, Choudhary MI. Diorganotin (IV) derivative of 2-thiophene acetic acid: characterizations and biological activities of {[n-Bu2SnO2C–CH2–C4H3S]2O}2. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9916-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
31
|
|
32
|
Inhibition of endogenous α-amylase and protease of Aspergillus flavus by trypsin inhibitor from cultivated and wild-type soybean. ANN MICROBIOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-010-0056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
33
|
Li Y, Weiss WF, Roberts CJ. Characterization of high-molecular-weight nonnative aggregates and aggregation kinetics by size exclusion chromatography with inline multi-angle laser light scattering. J Pharm Sci 2010; 98:3997-4016. [PMID: 19283773 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Size exclusion chromatography with an inline multi-angle light scattering detector (SEC-MALS) was assessed as a means to characterize and monitor the formation of soluble, high-molecular-weight (HMW) protein aggregates so as to better quantify and model nonnative aggregation kinetics. Assay configuration and robustness were tested with respect to sample preparation, column type, and assay variability. Independent comparison of SEC-MALS with batch light scattering analysis indicates good agreement between the two methods. Weight-average molecular weight (M(w)), radius of gyration (R(g)), apparent polydispersity, and mass fraction monomer (m) together are shown to provide qualitative and quantitative experimental signatures to distinguish high-MW aggregate growth via chain polymerization versus that via aggregate-aggregate condensation. Mechanistic treatment of aggregation kinetics monitored by SEC-MALS is illustrated by data regression using a recently developed Lumry-Eyring Nucleated Polymerization model that explicitly accounts for aggregate nucleation and competing growth via chain- and condensation-polymerization. The combination of time-dependent M(w) and m data are shown to provide a convenient and robust means to separate and quantify characteristic time scales or rate coefficients for concurrent stages of irreversible aggregation. In addition, the scaling of R(g) with M(w) for HMW aggregates provides useful insights into aggregate morphology and mechanisms of aggregate growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
DOLASCHKA PAVLINA, GENOV NICOLAY, ERMER ANTJE, PETERS KLAUS, FITTKAU SIEGFRIED. Kinetic characterization of alkaline mesentericopeptidase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1993.tb00364.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
35
|
Xu L, Glatz CE. Predicting protein retention time in ion-exchange chromatography based on three-dimensional protein characterization. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:274-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
Pal A, Chattopadhyaya R. Digestion of the lambda cI repressor with various serine proteases and correlation with its three dimensional structure. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2008; 26:339-54. [PMID: 18808200 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2008.10507249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Partial proteolysis of the lambda cI repressor has been carried out systematically with trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, endoproteinase Glu-C, kallikrein, and thrombin. The cleavage sites have been determined by (i) comparison of fragments produced and observed in SDS-polyacrylamide gel with known fragments and plots of distance migrated versus log (molecular weight of fragment), (ii) partial Edman sequencing of the stable C-terminal fragments to identify cleavage points, and (iii) electrospray mass spectrometry of fragments produced. Most cleavage points are found to occur in the region 86-137, saving some in the N-terminal domain observed for trypsin and Glu-C. Region 86-137 can be further subdivided into three regions 86-91, 114-121, and 128-137 prone to cleavage, with intermediate regions resistant to cleavage to all six proteases. These resistant regions show that much of the region 93-131 previously called a 'linker' is actually part of the C-domain as first proposed in all models from our laboratory. Region 92-114 includes the cleavage site Ala-Gly, which must be buried in the intact repressor. The observed cleavage points in region 114-137 can be used to judge the best among three previously proposed models since they differ from each other in the structure of region 93-131. Model 1j5g is adjudged to be better than model 1lwq (which is based on 1kca, a crystal structure) as susceptible residues are more exposed in the former and lack of cleavages at six sites is better explained. Likewise, the models 1j5g and 1lwq are compared with a recent crystal structure of fragment 101-229 in 2ho0 and another low resolution crystal structure in 3bdn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atasi Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Calcutta 700054, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Continuum electrostatics of proteins: Experimental test with model solvents and the method of the proteins pK calculations. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
38
|
Robich RM, Denlinger DL. Diapause in the mosquito Culex pipiens evokes a metabolic switch from blood feeding to sugar gluttony. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:15912-7. [PMID: 16247003 PMCID: PMC1276097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0507958102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A key characteristic of overwintering dormancy (diapause) in the mosquito Culex pipiens is the switch in females from blood feeding to sugar gluttony. We present evidence demonstrating that genes encoding enzymes needed to digest a blood meal (trypsin and a chymotrypsin-like protease) are down-regulated in diapause-destined females, and that concurrently, a gene associated with the accumulation of lipid reserves (fatty acid synthase) is highly up-regulated. As the females then enter diapause, fatty acid synthase is only sporadically expressed, and expression of trypsin and chymotrypsin-like remains undetectable. Late in diapause (2-3 months at 18 degrees C), the genes encoding the digestive enzymes begin to be expressed as the female prepares to take a blood meal upon the termination of diapause. Our results thus underscore a molecular switch that either capacitates the mosquito for blood feeding (nondiapause) or channels the adult mosquito exclusively toward sugar feeding and lipid sequestration (diapause).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Robich
- Department of Entomology, Ohio State University, 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sonkaria S, Boucher G, FLóREZ-ÁLVAREZ J, Said B, Hussain S, Ostler E, Gul S, Thomas E, Resmini M, Gallacher G, Brocklehurst K. Evidence for 'lock and key' character in an anti-phosphonate hydrolytic antibody catalytic site augmented by non-reaction centre recognition: variation in substrate selectivity between an anti-phosphonate antibody, an anti-phosphate antibody and two hydrolytic enzymes. Biochem J 2004; 381:125-30. [PMID: 15053743 PMCID: PMC1133769 DOI: 10.1042/bj20031966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Revised: 02/11/2004] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The substrate selectivities of an anti-phosphonate and an anti-phosphate kinetically homogeneous polyclonal catalytic antibody preparation and two hydrolytic enzymes were compared by using hapten-analogous and truncated carbonate and ester substrates each containing a 4-nitrophenolate leaving group. Syntheses of the truncated substrates devoid of recognition features in the non-leaving group parts of the substrates are reported. The relatively high kinetic selectivity of the more active anti-phosphonate antibody preparation is considered to depend on a relatively rigid catalytic site with substantial reaction centre specificity together with other important recognition interactions with the extended non-leaving group part of the substrate. In contrast, the less catalytically active, more flexible anti-phosphate antibody exhibits much lower kinetic selectivity for the substrate reaction centre comparable with that of the hydrolytic enzymes with activity much less dependent on recognition interactions with the non-leaving group part of the substrate. The ways in which haptenic flexibility and IgG architecture might contribute to the differential kinetic selectivities are indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Sonkaria
- *Laboratory of Structural and Mechanistic Enzymology, School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Guillaume Boucher
- †Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - José FLóREZ-ÁLVAREZ
- *Laboratory of Structural and Mechanistic Enzymology, School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Bilal Said
- †Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Syeed Hussain
- *Laboratory of Structural and Mechanistic Enzymology, School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Elizabeth L. Ostler
- †Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Sheraz Gul
- *Laboratory of Structural and Mechanistic Enzymology, School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Emrys W. Thomas
- ‡Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, The Crescent, Salford M5 4JW, U.K
| | - Marina Resmini
- §Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail or )
| | - Gerard Gallacher
- †Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Cockcroft Building, Lewes Road, Moulsecoomb, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Keith Brocklehurst
- *Laboratory of Structural and Mechanistic Enzymology, School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (e-mail or )
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sugimoto M, Ishihara K, Nakajima N. Structure and function of an isozyme of earthworm proteases as a new biocatalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(03)00105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
41
|
Grabarek J, Ardelt B, Du L, Darzynkiewicz Z. Activation of caspases and serine proteases during apoptosis induced by onconase (Ranpirnase). Exp Cell Res 2002; 278:61-71. [PMID: 12126958 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2002.5568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Onconase (ONC) is a ribonuclease isolated from amphibian oocytes that is cytostatic and cytotoxic to numerous tumor lines. ONC shows in vivo anti-tumor activity in mouse tumor models and is currently in Phase III clinical trials. Previous studies indicated that ONC induces apoptosis of the target cells most likely along the mitochondrial pathway involving caspase-9 as the initiator caspase. We have recently developed an approach to detect the activation of serine (Ser) proteases during apoptosis. The method is based on affinity labeling of Ser protease active centers with fluorochrome-tagged inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to reveal whether Ser proteases are activated during apoptosis induced by ONC. Human leukemic HL-60 cells were treated with ONC for up to 72 h and then exposed to 5(6)-carboxyfluoresceinyl-L-phenylalanylchloromethyl ketone (FFCK) or 5(6)-carboxyfluoresceinyl-L-leucylchloromethyl ketone (FLCK), the fluorescing green reagents reactive with active centers of the chymotrypsin-like enzymes that cleave proteins at the Phe (FFCK) or Leu (FLCK) site. Activation of caspases was assayed in the same cells using sulforhodamine-labeled (fluorescing red) pan-caspases inhibitor (SR-VAD-FMK). Administration of 1.67 microM ONC into cultures of HL-60 cells led to the appearance of cells that bound SR-VAD-FMK as well as FFCK and FLCK. Most labeled cells had features characteristic of apoptosis. We interpret the binding of these ligands, which was irreversible and withstood cell fixation, as revealing activation of caspases and chymotrypsin-like Ser proteases. Because the induction of binding of each of the three ligands occurred at approximately the same time, the data suggest that during apoptosis caspases and Ser proteases may transactivate each other. The intercellular and subcellular pattern of binding SR-VAD-FMK vs FFCK or vs FLCK was different indicating a variability in abundance and localization of these enzymes within individual apoptotic cells. The FFCK- and FLCK-reactive proteins were of similar molecular mass, approximately 59 and approximately 57 kDa, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Grabarek
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pekkarinen AI, Jones BL, Niku-Paavola ML. Purification and properties of an alkaline proteinase of Fusarium culmorum. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2002; 269:798-807. [PMID: 11846781 DOI: 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The disease Fusarium head blight (scab) causes severe problems for farmers and for the industries that use cereals. It is likely that the fungi that cause scab (Fusarium spp.) use various enzymes when they invade grains. We are studying enzymes that the fungi may use to hydrolyze grain proteins. To do this, Fusarium culmorum was grown in a gluten-containing medium from which an alkaline serine proteinase with a molecular mass of 28.7 kDa was purified by size-exclusion and cation exchange chromatographies. The enzyme was maximally active at pH 8.3-9.6 and 50 degrees C, but was unstable under these conditions. It hydrolyzed the synthetic substrates N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe p-nitroanilide and, to a lesser extent, N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Leu p-nitroanilide. It was inhibited by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride and chymostatin, but not by soybean trypsin or Bowman-Birk inhibitors. Parts of the amino-acid sequence were up to 82% homologous with those of several fungal subtilisins. One of the active site amino acids was detected and it occupied the same relative position as in the other subtilisins. Therefore, on the basis of these characteristics, the proteinase is subtilisin-like. Purification of the enzyme was complicated by the fact that, when purified, it apparently underwent autolysis. The presence of extraneous protein stabilized the activity.
Collapse
|
43
|
Dimitrov MI, Egorov CA, Donchev AA, Atanasov BP. Complete amino acid sequence of poplar plastocyaninb. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
44
|
Gunnarsson M, Stigbrand T, Jensen PE. Aberrant forms of alpha(2)-macroglobulin purified from patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2000; 295:27-40. [PMID: 10767392 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(00)00190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical properties of alpha(2)-macroglobulin were investigated in four patients with multiple sclerosis and compared to alpha(2)-macroglobulin from healthy controls. An impaired stability of alpha(2)-macroglobulin from the multiple sclerosis patients was demonstrated as a spontaneous conversion to an electrophoretic"fast" form of alpha(2)-macroglobulin upon purification and storage, with a concomitant decrease in functional capacity to inhibit proteinases. The ability to form complexes with proteinases was significantly reduced in alpha(2)-macroglobulin purified from the multiple sclerosis patients. The aberrant molecular arrangements of the protein were not due to proteinase cleavages in the bait regions of alpha(2)-macroglobulin, as demonstrated by gel electrophoresis and protein sequencing. The number of functional thiol esters, however, was reduced in alpha(2)-macroglobulin purified from the multiple sclerosis patients, an observation compatible with the impaired proteinase binding property. Furthermore, differences in isoelectric points were observed between alpha(2)-macroglobulin from the multiple sclerosis patients and alpha(2)-macroglobulin from healthy controls. The results suggest that aberrant forms of alpha(2)-macroglobulin may be present in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Gunnarsson
- Department of Immunology, Umeâ University, S-901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ross AC, Bell G, Halling PJ. Effect of pH on rate of interfacial inactivation of serine proteases in aqueous-organic systems. Biotechnol Bioeng 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(20000220)67:4<498::aid-bit14>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
46
|
Ross AC, Bell G, Halling PJ. Organic solvent functional group effect on enzyme inactivation by the interfacial mechanism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(99)00056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
47
|
Abstract
Although a number of previous studies have demonstrated that solution pH can have a dramatic effect on protein transport through ultrafiltration membranes, the exact origin of this behavior has been unclear. Experimental data were obtained for the transport of a broad range of proteins with different surface charge and molecular weight. The effective hydrodynamic size of the proteins was evaluated using size-exclusion chromatography. The membrane charge, both before and after exposure to a given protein, was evaluated using streaming potential measurements. In most cases, the electrostatic interactions were dominated by the distortion of the electrical double layer surrounding the protein, leading to a distinct maximum in protein transmission at the protein isoelectric point. Attractive electrostatic interactions did occur when the protein and membrane had a large opposite charge, causing a second maximum in transmission at a pH between the isoelectric points of the protein and membrane. The sieving data were in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on available models for the partitioning of charged solutes in cylindrical pores. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DB Burns
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
al-Ajlan A, Bailey GS. Purification and partial characterization of camel anionic chymotrypsin. Arch Biochem Biophys 1997; 348:363-8. [PMID: 9434749 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1997.0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An anionic chymotrypsin-like enzyme was isolated from a crude extract of camel pancreas by a three-step procedure consisting of anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on native and SDS gel electrophoresis and on gel isoelectric focusing. Its molecular mass was estimated as 28.5 kDa and its isoelectric point was found to be 4.4. The enzyme differed markedly from bovine chymotrypsin A in its substrate specificity, showing considerably lower values of the specificity constant for its action on tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine esters. Its pH optimum was found to be 7.8. It showed lower kininase activity and was more susceptible to inhibition by a number of inhibitors than the bovine cationic chymotrypsin. On the other hand, the camel enzyme showed a much greater hydrolytic activity than the bovine enzyme toward a leucine ester. In terms of its size, charge, and substrate specificity the camel enzyme was very similar to anionic chymotrypsins that have been isolated from other species and thus appears to be a camel anionic chymotrypsin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A al-Ajlan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shinguh Y, Imai K, Yamazaki A, Inamura N, Shima I, Wakabayashi A, Higashi Y, Ono T. Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of FK706, a novel elastase inhibitor. Eur J Pharmacol 1997; 337:63-71. [PMID: 9389382 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(97)01284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
FK706, sodium 2-[4-[[(S)-1-[[(S)-2-[[(RS)-3, 3, 3-trifluoro-1-isopropyl-2-oxopropyl]aminocarbonyl]pyrrolidin -1-yl]carbonyl]-2-methylpropyl] aminocarbonyl] benzoylamino] acetate, C26H32F3N4NaO7, is a synthetic water-soluble inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase. This compound demonstrated a competitive and slow-binding inhibition of human neutrophil elastase with a Ki of 4.2 nM. In studies using synthetic substrates, FK706 inhibited human neutrophil elastase activity and porcine pancreatic elastase activity with respective IC50 values of 83 and 100 nM. FK706, however, inhibited more weakly, (IC50 values > 340 microM) other serine proteinases such as human pancreatic alpha-chymotrypsin, human pancreatic trypsin and human leukocyte cathepsin G. FK706 also effectively inhibited the hydrolysis of bovine neck ligament elastin (2 mg/ml final concentration) by human neutrophil elastase (4 microg/ml final concentration) with an IC50 value of 230 nM. FK706 protected animals against human neutrophil elastase (50 microg/animal)-induced lung hemorrhage with ED50 values of 2.4 microg/animal by intratracheal administration and 36.5 mg/kg by intravenous administration, respectively. Subcutaneous administration of FK706 significantly suppressed human neutrophil elastase (20 microg/paw)-induced paw edema in mice in a dose-dependent manner (47% inhibition at a dose of 100 mg/kg). These results suggest that FK706 would be a useful tool for investigating the role of human neutrophil elastase in inflammatory disorders associated with an excess of elastase, such as pulmonary emphysema, adult respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Shinguh
- Exploratory Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Iwamori M, Iwamori Y, Ito N. Sulfated lipids as inhibitors of pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin in epithelium of the mammalian digestive tract. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 237:262-5. [PMID: 9268697 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol sulfate and I3SO3-GalCer, which were commonly contained in the epithelia of mammalian digestive tracts, were found to inhibit the activities of typical digestive enzymes, pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin, but steroid sulfates, gangliosides and the other membrane constituents did not show any inhibitory activity. The preincubation of trypsin with I3SO3-GalCer at 37 degrees C for 10min was necessary to inhibit the activity of trypsin, but cholesterol sulfate showed its inhibitory activity without preincubation. Sulfated lipid-treated enzyme gave the same Km as and lower Vmax than those of the original enzymes. Also, both sulfated lipids inhibited pronase from Streptomyces griseus, but not lysyl endopeptidase from Achromobacter lyticus. These findings indicate that cholesterol sulfate and I3SO3-GalCer in the digestive tract function as epithelial inhibitors to prevent tissue injury by endogenous and exogenous proteases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Iwamori
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|