1
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Kim J, Diaz LF, Miller MJ, Leadem B, Krivega I, Dean A. An enhancer RNA recruits KMT2A to regulate transcription of Myb. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114378. [PMID: 38889007 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The Myb proto-oncogene encodes the transcription factor c-MYB, which is critical for hematopoiesis. Distant enhancers of Myb form a hub of interactions with the Myb promoter. We identified a long non-coding RNA (Myrlin) originating from the -81-kb murine Myb enhancer. Myrlin and Myb are coordinately regulated during erythroid differentiation. Myrlin TSS deletion using CRISPR-Cas9 reduced Myrlin and Myb expression and LDB1 complex occupancy at the Myb enhancers, compromising enhancer contacts and reducing RNA Pol II occupancy in the locus. In contrast, CRISPRi silencing of Myrlin left LDB1 and the Myb enhancer hub unperturbed, although Myrlin and Myb expressions were downregulated, decoupling transcription and chromatin looping. Myrlin interacts with the KMT2A/MLL1 complex. Myrlin CRISPRi compromised KMT2A occupancy in the Myb locus, decreasing CDK9 and RNA Pol II binding and resulting in Pol II pausing in the Myb first exon/intron. Thus, Myrlin directly participates in activating Myb transcription by recruiting KMT2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Kim
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Luis F Diaz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Matthew J Miller
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; University of Iowa Medical School, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Benjamin Leadem
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; GeneDx, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Ivan Krivega
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Sonothera, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ann Dean
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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2
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Palis J. Erythropoiesis in the mammalian embryo. Exp Hematol 2024:104283. [PMID: 39048071 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) comprise a critical component of the cardiovascular network, which constitutes the first functional organ system of the developing mammalian embryo. Examination of circulating blood cells in mammalian embryos revealed 2 distinct types of erythroid cells- large, nucleated 'primitive' erythroblasts followed by smaller, enucleated 'definitive' erythrocytes. This review describes the current understanding of primitive and definitive erythropoiesis gleaned from studies in mouse and human embryos and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Primitive erythropoiesis in the mouse embryo comprises a transient wave of committed primitive erythroid progenitors (primitive erythroid colony-forming cells, EryP-CFC) in the early yolk sac that generates a robust cohort of precursors that mature in the bloodstream and enucleate. In contrast, definitive erythropoiesis has 2 distinct developmental origins. The first comprises a transient wave of definitive erythroid progenitors (burst-forming units erythroid, BFU-E) that emerge in the yolk sac and seed the fetal liver where they terminally mature to provide the first definitive RBCs. The second comprises hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived BFU-E that terminally mature at sites colonized by HSCs particularly the fetal liver and subsequently the bone marrow. Primitive and definitive erythropoiesis are derived from endothelial identity precursors with distinct developmental origins. While they share prototypical transcriptional regulation, they are also characterized by distinct lineage-specific factors. The exquisitely timed, sequential production of primitive and definitive erythroid cells is necessary for the survival and growth of the mammalian embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Palis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave. Rochester, NY 14642.
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3
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Yokomizo T. Hematopoietic Cluster Formation: An Essential Prelude to Blood Cell Genesis. Exp Hematol 2024:104284. [PMID: 39032856 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Adult blood cells are produced in the bone marrow by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the origin of which can be traced back to fetal developmental stages. Indeed, during mouse development, at days 10-11 of gestation, the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region is a primary site of HSC production, with characteristic cell clusters related to stem cell genesis observed in the dorsal aorta. Similar clusters linked with hematopoiesis are also observed in the other sites such as the yolk sac and placenta. In this review, I outline the formation and function of these clusters, focusing on the well-characterized intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters (IAHCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomasa Yokomizo
- Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
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4
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Song X, Liu J, Chen T, Zheng T, Wang X, Guo X. Gene therapy and gene editing strategies in inherited blood disorders. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00180-2. [PMID: 38986807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy has shown significant potential in treating various diseases, particularly inherited blood disorders such as hemophilia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia. Advances in understanding the regulatory network of disease-associated genes have led to the identification of additional therapeutic targets for treatment, especially for β-hemoglobinopathies. Erythroid regulatory factor BCL11A offers the most promising therapeutic target for β-hemoglobinopathies and reduction of its expression using the commercialized gene therapy product Casgevy was approved for use in the UK and USA in 2023. Notably, the emergence of innovative gene editing technologies has further broadened the gene therapy landscape, presenting new possibilities for treatment. Intensive studies indicate that base editing and prime editing, built upon CRISPR technology, enable precise single-base modification in hematopoietic stem cells for addressing inherited blood disorders ex vivo and in vivo. In this review, we present an overview of the current landscape of gene therapies, focusing on clinical research and gene therapy products for inherited blood disorders, evaluation of potential gene targets, and the gene editing tools employed in current gene therapy practices, which provides an insight for the establishment of safer and more effective gene therapy methods for a wider range of diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Song
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - JinLei Liu
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Tangcong Chen
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Tingfeng Zheng
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Institute of Blood Diseases, Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China.
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5
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Son YE, Cho HJ, Park HS. The MYB-like protein MylA contributes to conidiogenesis and conidial germination in Aspergillus nidulans. Commun Biol 2024; 7:768. [PMID: 38918572 PMCID: PMC11199622 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloblastosis (MYB)-like proteins are a family of highly conserved transcription factors in animals, plants, and fungi and are involved in the regulation of mRNA expression of genes. In this study, we identified and characterized one MYB-like protein in the model organism Aspergillus nidulans. We screened the mRNA levels of genes encoding MYB-like proteins containing two MYB repeats in conidia and found that the mRNA levels of four genes including flbD, cicD, and two uncharacterized genes, were high in conidia. To investigate the roles of two uncharacterized genes, AN4618 and AN10944, deletion mutants for each gene were generated. Our results revealed that AN4618 was required for fungal development. Therefore, we further investigated the role of AN4618, named as mylA, encoding the MYB-like protein containing two MYB repeats. Functional studies revealed that MylA was essential for normal fungal growth and development. Phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that deletion of mylA affected stress tolerance, cell wall integrity, and long-term viability in A. nidulans conidia. In addition, the germination rate of the mylA deletion mutant conidia was decreased compared with that of the wild-type conidia. Overall, this study suggests that MylA is critical for appropriate development, conidial maturation, dormancy, and germination in A. nidulans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Eun Son
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - He-Jin Cho
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Park
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Parveen M, Karaosmanoglu B, Sucularli C, Uner A, Taskiran EZ, Esendagli G. Acquired immune resistance is associated with interferon signature and modulation of KLF6/c-MYB transcription factors in myeloid leukemia. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350717. [PMID: 38462943 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to immunity is associated with the selection of cancer cells with superior capacities to survive inflammatory reactions. Here, we tailored an ex vivo immune selection model for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and isolated the residual subpopulations as "immune-experienced" AML (ieAML) cells. We confirmed that upon surviving the immune reactions, the malignant blasts frequently decelerated proliferation, displayed features of myeloid differentiation and activation, and lost immunogenicity. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a limited number of commonly altered pathways and differentially expressed genes in all ieAML cells derived from distinct parental cell lines. Molecular signatures predominantly associated with interferon and inflammatory cytokine signaling were enriched in the AML cells resisting the T-cell-mediated immune reactions. Moreover, the expression and nuclear localization of the transcription factors c-MYB and KLF6 were noted as the putative markers for immune resistance and identified in subpopulations of AML blasts in the patients' bone marrow aspirates. The immune modulatory capacities of ieAML cells lasted for a restricted period when the immune selection pressure was omitted. In conclusion, myeloid leukemia cells harbor subpopulations that can adapt to the harsh conditions established by immune reactions, and a previous "immune experience" is marked with IFN signature and may pave the way for susceptibility to immune intervention therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubaida Parveen
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Beren Karaosmanoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ceren Sucularli
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ekim Z Taskiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
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7
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Almeida A, T'Sas S, Pagliaro L, Fijalkowski I, Sleeckx W, Van Steenberge H, Zamponi R, Lintermans B, Van Loocke W, Palhais B, Reekmans A, Bardelli V, Demoen L, Reunes L, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Kentsis A, Ntziachristos P, Van Roy N, De Moerloose B, Mecucci C, La Starza R, Roti G, Goossens S, Van Vlierberghe P, Pieters T. Myb overexpression synergizes with the loss of Pten and is a dependency factor and therapeutic target in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e51. [PMID: 38463444 PMCID: PMC10924755 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that accounts for 10%-15% of pediatric and 25% of adult ALL cases. Although the prognosis of T-ALL has improved over time, the outcome of T-ALL patients with primary resistant or relapsed leukemia remains poor. Therefore, further progress in the treatment of T-ALL requires a better understanding of its biology and the development of more effective precision oncologic therapies. The proto-oncogene MYB is highly expressed in diverse hematologic malignancies, including T-ALLs with genomic aberrations that further potentiate its expression and activity. Previous studies have associated MYB with a malignant role in the pathogenesis of several cancers. However, its role in the induction and maintenance of T-ALL remains relatively poorly understood. In this study, we found that an increased copy number of MYB is associated with higher MYB expression levels, and might be associated with inferior event-free survival of pediatric T-ALL patients. Using our previously described conditional Myb overexpression mice, we generated two distinct MYB-driven T-ALL mouse models. We demonstrated that the overexpression of Myb synergizes with Pten deletion but not with the overexpression of Lmo2 to accelerate the development of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemias. We also showed that MYB is a dependency factor in T-ALL since RNA interference of Myb blocked cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis in both human and murine T-ALL cell lines. Finally, we provide preclinical evidence that targeting the transcriptional activity of MYB can be a useful therapeutic strategy for the treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Almeida
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
| | - Sara T'Sas
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Luca Pagliaro
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Igor Fijalkowski
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Leukemia Therapy Resistance Laboratory and Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Wouter Sleeckx
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Hannah Van Steenberge
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | - Béatrice Lintermans
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
| | - Bruno Palhais
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Leukemia Therapy Resistance Laboratory and Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Alexandra Reekmans
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Valentina Bardelli
- Institute of Hematology and Center for Hemato‐Oncology ResearchUniversity of Perugia and S.M. Misericordia HospitalPerugiaItaly
| | - Lisa Demoen
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
| | - Lindy Reunes
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Leukemia Therapy Resistance Laboratory and Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | - Alex Kentsis
- Tow Center for Developmental Oncology, Sloan Kettering Institute and Department of PediatricsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Panagiotis Ntziachristos
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Leukemia Therapy Resistance Laboratory and Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Nadine Van Roy
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Lab for Translational Oncogenomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Pediatric Precision Oncology Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Barbara De Moerloose
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Department of Pediatric Hematology‐OncologyGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium
| | - Cristina Mecucci
- Institute of Hematology and Center for Hemato‐Oncology ResearchUniversity of Perugia and S.M. Misericordia HospitalPerugiaItaly
| | - Roberta La Starza
- Institute of Hematology and Center for Hemato‐Oncology ResearchUniversity of Perugia and S.M. Misericordia HospitalPerugiaItaly
| | - Giovanni Roti
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Steven Goossens
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
| | - Tim Pieters
- Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG)GhentBelgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Leukemia Therapy Resistance Laboratory and Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
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8
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Yokomizo T, Suda T. Development of the hematopoietic system: expanding the concept of hematopoietic stem cell-independent hematopoiesis. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:161-172. [PMID: 37481335 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) give rise to nearly all blood cell types and play a central role in blood cell production in adulthood. For many years it was assumed that these roles were similarly responsible for driving the formation of the hematopoietic system during the embryonic period. However, detailed analysis of embryonic hematopoiesis has revealed the presence of hematopoietic cells that develop independently of HSCs both before and after HSC generation. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that HSCs are less involved in the production of functioning blood cells during the embryonic period when there is a much higher contribution from HSC-independent hematopoietic processes. We outline the current understanding and arguments for HSC-dependent and -independent hematopoiesis, mainly focusing on mouse ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomasa Yokomizo
- Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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9
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Clarke ML, Gabrielsen OS, Frampton J. MYB as a Critical Transcription Factor and Potential Therapeutic Target in AML. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:341-358. [PMID: 39017851 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Myb was identified over four decades ago as the transforming component of acute leukemia viruses in chickens. Since then it has become increasingly apparent that dysregulated MYB activity characterizes many blood cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, and that it represents the most "addictive" oncoprotein in many, if not all, such diseases. As a consequence of this tumor-specific dependency for MYB, it has become a major focus of efforts to develop specific antileukemia drugs. Much attention is being given to ways to interrupt the interaction between MYB and cooperating factors, in particular EP300/KAT3B and CBP/KAT3A. Aside from candidates identified through screening of small molecules, the most exciting prospect for novel drugs seems to be the design of peptide mimetics that interfere directly at the interface between MYB and its cofactors. Such peptides combine a high degree of target specificity with good efficacy including minimal effects on normal hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Louise Clarke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine & Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine & Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Jon Frampton
- Department of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine & Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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10
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Lemma RB, Fuglerud BM, Frampton J, Gabrielsen OS. MYB: A Key Transcription Factor in the Hematopoietic System Subject to Many Levels of Control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:3-29. [PMID: 39017837 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
MYB is a master regulator and pioneer factor highly expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) where it contributes to the reprogramming processes operating during hematopoietic development. MYB plays a complex role being involved in several lineages of the hematopoietic system. At the molecular level, the MYB gene is subject to intricate regulation at many levels through several enhancer and promoter elements, through transcriptional elongation control, as well as post-transcriptional regulation. The protein is modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as SUMOylation restricting the expression of its downstream targets. Together with a range of interaction partners, cooperating transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic regulators, MYB orchestrates a fine-tuned symphony of genes expressed during various stages of haematopoiesis. At the same time, the complex MYB system is vulnerable, being a target for unbalanced control and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Berhanu Lemma
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jon Frampton
- Department of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine & Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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11
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Crosse EI, Binagui-Casas A, Gordon-Keylock S, Rybtsov S, Tamagno S, Olofsson D, Anderson RA, Medvinsky A. An interactive resource of molecular signalling in the developing human haematopoietic stem cell niche. Development 2023; 150:dev201972. [PMID: 37840454 PMCID: PMC10730088 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of definitive human haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from Carnegie Stage (CS) 14 to CS17 in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region is a tightly regulated process. Previously, we conducted spatial transcriptomic analysis of the human AGM region at the end of this period (CS16/CS17) and identified secreted factors involved in HSC development. Here, we extend our analysis to investigate the progression of dorso-ventral polarised signalling around the dorsal aorta over the entire period of HSC emergence. Our results reveal a dramatic increase in ventral signalling complexity from the CS13-CS14 transition, coinciding with the first appearance of definitive HSCs. We further observe stage-specific changes in signalling up to CS17, which may underpin the step-wise maturation of HSCs described in the mouse model. The data-rich resource is also presented in an online interface enabling in silico analysis of molecular interactions between spatially defined domains of the AGM region. This resource will be of particular interest for researchers studying mechanisms underlying human HSC development as well as those developing in vitro methods for the generation of clinically relevant HSCs from pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edie I. Crosse
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Anahi Binagui-Casas
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | | | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sara Tamagno
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Didrik Olofsson
- Omiqa Bioinformatics GmbH, Altensteinstraße 40, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard A. Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alexander Medvinsky
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
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12
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Negri A, Ward C, Bucci A, D'Angelo G, Cauchy P, Radesco A, Ventura AB, Walton DS, Clarke M, Mandriani B, Pappagallo SA, Mondelli P, Liao K, Gargano G, Zaccaria GM, Viggiano L, Lasorsa FM, Ahmed A, Di Molfetta D, Fiermonte G, Cives M, Guarini A, Vegliante MC, Ciavarella S, Frampton J, Volpe G. Reversal of MYB-dependent suppression of MAFB expression overrides leukaemia phenotype in MLL-rearranged AML. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:763. [PMID: 37996430 PMCID: PMC10667525 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor MYB plays a pivotal role in haematopoietic homoeostasis and its aberrant expression is involved in the genesis and maintenance of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We have previously demonstrated that not all AML subtypes display the same dependency on MYB expression and that such variability is dictated by the nature of the driver mutation. However, whether this difference in MYB dependency is a general trend in AML remains to be further elucidated. Here, we investigate the role of MYB in human leukaemia by performing siRNA-mediated knock-down in cell line models of AML with different driver lesions. We show that the characteristic reduction in proliferation and the concomitant induction of myeloid differentiation that is observed in MLL-rearranged and t(8;21) leukaemias upon MYB suppression is not seen in AML cells with a complex karyotype. Transcriptome analyses revealed that MYB ablation produces consensual increase of MAFB expression in MYB-dependent cells and, interestingly, the ectopic expression of MAFB could phenocopy the effect of MYB suppression. Accordingly, in silico stratification analyses of molecular data from AML patients revealed a reciprocal relationship between MYB and MAFB expression, highlighting a novel biological interconnection between these two factors in AML and supporting new rationales of MAFB targeting in MLL-rearranged leukaemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Negri
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - C Ward
- Edge Impulse Inc., San Jose, CA, USA
| | - A Bucci
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - G D'Angelo
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - P Cauchy
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Radesco
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - A B Ventura
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - D S Walton
- Clent Life Sciences, DY84HD, Stourbridge, UK
| | - M Clarke
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B152TT, Birmingham, UK
| | - B Mandriani
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - S A Pappagallo
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - P Mondelli
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - K Liao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - G Gargano
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - G M Zaccaria
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - L Viggiano
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - F M Lasorsa
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - A Ahmed
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - D Di Molfetta
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - G Fiermonte
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - M Cives
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - A Guarini
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - M C Vegliante
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - S Ciavarella
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - J Frampton
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B152TT, Birmingham, UK.
| | - G Volpe
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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13
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Kim J, Diaz LF, Miller MJ, Leadem B, Krivega I, Dean A. An enhancer RNA recruits MLL1 to regulate transcription of Myb. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559528. [PMID: 37808852 PMCID: PMC10557664 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The Myb proto-oncogene encodes the transcription factor c-MYB, which is critical for hematopoiesis. Distant enhancers of Myb form a hub of interactions with the Myb promoter. We identified a long non-coding RNA (Myrlin) originating from the -81 kb murine Myb enhancer. Myrlin and Myb are coordinately regulated during erythroid differentiation. Myrlin TSS deletion using CRISPR/Cas9 reduced Myrlin and Myb expression and LDB1 complex occupancy at the Myb enhancers, compromising enhancer contacts and reducing RNA Pol II occupancy in the locus. In contrast, CRISPRi silencing of Myrlin left LDB1 and the Myb enhancer hub unperturbed, although Myrlin and Myb expression were downregulated, decoupling transcription and chromatin looping. Myrlin interacts with the MLL1 complex. Myrlin CRISPRi compromised MLL1 occupancy in the Myb locus, decreasing CDK9 and RNA Pol II binding and resulting in Pol II pausing in the Myb first exon/intron. Thus, Myrlin directly participates in activating Myb transcription by recruiting MLL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Kim
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Luis F. Diaz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Matthew J. Miller
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- University of Iowa Medical School, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Benjamin Leadem
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- GeneDx, Gaithersburg, MD 20877
| | - Ivan Krivega
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Sonothera, South San Francisco, CA 94080
| | - Ann Dean
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Liu H, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H, Winterhalter J, Lorenz M, Vladymyrov M, Massberg S, Schulz C, Orban M. Multiphoton In Vivo Microscopy of Embryonic Thrombopoiesis Reveals the Generation of Platelets through Budding. Cells 2023; 12:2411. [PMID: 37830625 PMCID: PMC10572188 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are generated by specialized cells called megakaryocytes (MKs). However, MK's origin and platelet release mode have remained incompletely understood. Here, we established direct visualization of embryonic thrombopoiesis in vivo by combining multiphoton intravital microscopy (MP-IVM) with a fluorescence switch reporter mouse model under control of the platelet factor 4 promoter (Pf4CreRosa26mTmG). Using this microscopy tool, we discovered that fetal liver MKs provide higher thrombopoietic activity than yolk sac MKs. Mechanistically, fetal platelets were released from MKs either by membrane buds or the formation of proplatelets, with the former constituting the key process. In E14.5 c-Myb-deficient embryos that lack definitive hematopoiesis, MK and platelet numbers were similar to wild-type embryos, indicating the independence of embryonic thrombopoiesis from definitive hematopoiesis at this stage of development. In summary, our novel MP-IVM protocol allows the characterization of thrombopoiesis with high spatio-temporal resolution in the mouse embryo and has identified membrane budding as the main mechanism of fetal platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Julia Winterhalter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Michael Lorenz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Mykhailo Vladymyrov
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Data Science Lab, Mathematical Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Orban
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.L.); (H.I.-A.); (J.W.); (M.L.); (S.M.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
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15
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Deleuze V, Garcia L, Rouaisnel B, Salma M, Kinoo A, Andrieu-Soler C, Soler E. Efficient genome editing in erythroid cells unveils novel MYB target genes and regulatory functions. iScience 2023; 26:107641. [PMID: 37670779 PMCID: PMC10475484 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted genome editing holds great promise in biology. However, efficient genome modification, including gene knock-in (KI), remains an unattained goal in multiple cell types and loci due to poor transfection efficiencies and low target genes expression, impeding the positive selection of recombined cells. Here, we describe a genome editing approach to achieve efficient gene targeting using hard to transfect erythroid cell lines. We demonstrate robust fluorescent protein KI efficiency in low expressed transcription factor (TF) genes (e.g., Myb or Zeb1). We further show the ability to target two independent loci in individual cells, exemplified by MYB-GFP and NuMA-Cherry double KI, allowing multicolor labeling of regulatory factors at physiological endogenous levels. Our KI tagging approach allowed us to perform genome-wide TF analysis at increased signal-to-noise ratios, and highlighted previously unidentified MYB target genes and pathways. Overall, we establish a versatile CRISPR-Cas9-based platform, offering attractive opportunities for the dissection of the erythroid differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonor Garcia
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Mohammad Salma
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexia Kinoo
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Andrieu-Soler
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eric Soler
- IGMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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16
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Lemma RB, Ledsaak M, Fuglerud BM, Rodríguez-Castañeda F, Eskeland R, Gabrielsen OS. MYB regulates the SUMO protease SENP1 and its novel interaction partner UXT, modulating MYB target genes and the SUMO landscape. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105062. [PMID: 37468105 PMCID: PMC10463205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification frequently found on nuclear proteins, including transcription factors (TFs) and coactivators. By controlling the activity of several TFs, SUMOylation may have far-reaching effects. MYB is an example of a developmental TF subjected to SUMO-mediated regulation, through both SUMO conjugation and SUMO binding. How SUMO affects MYB target genes is unknown. Here, we explored the global effect of reduced SUMOylation of MYB on its downstream gene programs. RNA-Seq in K562 cells after MYB knockdown and rescue with mutants having an altered SUMO status revealed a number of differentially regulated genes and distinct gene ontology term enrichments. Clearly, the SUMO status of MYB both quantitatively and qualitatively affects its regulome. The transcriptome data further revealed that MYB upregulates the SUMO protease SENP1, a key enzyme that removes SUMO conjugation from SUMOylated proteins. Given this role of SENP1 in the MYB regulome, we expanded the analysis, mapped interaction partners of SENP1, and identified UXT as a novel player affecting the SUMO system by acting as a repressor of SENP1. MYB inhibits the expression of UXT suggesting that MYB is able not only to control a specific gene program directly but also indirectly by affecting the SUMO landscape through SENP1 and UXT. These findings suggest an autoactivation loop whereby MYB, through enhancing SENP1 and reducing UXT, is itself being activated by a reduced level of repressive SUMOylation. We propose that overexpressed MYB, seen in multiple cancers, may drive this autoactivation loop and contribute to oncogenic activation of MYB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Berhanu Lemma
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marit Ledsaak
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Ragnhild Eskeland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Varadinkova S, Oralova V, Clarke M, Frampton J, Knopfova L, Lesot H, Bartos P, Matalova E. Expression dynamics of metalloproteinases during mandibular bone formation: association with Myb transcription factor. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1168866. [PMID: 37701782 PMCID: PMC10493412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1168866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As the dentition forms and becomes functional, the alveolar bone is remodelled. Metalloproteinases are known to contribute to this process, but new regulators are emerging and their contextualization is challenging. This applies to Myb, a transcription factor recently reported to be involved in bone development and regeneration. The regulatory effect of Myb on Mmps expression has mostly been investigated in tumorigenesis, where Myb impacted the expression of Mmp1, Mmp2, Mmp7, and Mmp9. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the regulatory influence of the Myb on Mmps gene expression, impacting osteogenesis and mandibular bone formation. For that purpose, knock-out mouse model was used. Gene expression of bone-related Mmps and the key osteoblastic transcription factors Runx2 and Sp7 was analysed in Myb knock-out mice mandibles at the survival limit. Out of the metalloproteinases under study, Mmp13 was significantly downregulated. The impact of Myb on the expression of Mmp13 was confirmed by the overexpression of Myb in calvarial-derived cells causing upregulation of Mmp13. Expression of Mmp13 in the context of other Mmps during mandibular/alveolar bone development was followed in vivo along with Myb, Sp7 and Runx2. The most significant changes were observed in the expression of Mmp9 and Mmp13. These MMPs and MYB were further localized in situ by immunohistochemistry and were identified in pre/osteoblastic cells as well as in pre/osteocytes. In conclusion, these results provide a comprehensive insight into the expression dynamics of bone related Mmps during mandibular/alveolar bone formation and point to Myb as another potential regulator of Mmp13.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Varadinkova
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - V. Oralova
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - M. Clarke
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J. Frampton
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L. Knopfova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - H. Lesot
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - P. Bartos
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - E. Matalova
- Laboratory of Odontogenesis and Osteogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czechia
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18
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Marchioni A, Tonelli R, Samarelli AV, Cappiello GF, Andreani A, Tabbì L, Livrieri F, Bosi A, Nori O, Mattioli F, Bruzzi G, Marchioni D, Clini E. Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Targets of Primitive Tracheal Tumors: Focus on Tumors Derived by Salivary Glands and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11370. [PMID: 37511133 PMCID: PMC10379311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary tracheal tumors are rare, constituting approximately 0.1-0.4% of malignant diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) account for about two-thirds of these tumors. Despite most primary tracheal cancers being eligible for surgery and/or radiotherapy, unresectable, recurrent and metastatic tumors may require systemic treatments. Unfortunately, the poor response to available chemotherapy as well as the lack of other real therapeutic alternatives affects the quality of life and outcome of patients suffering from more advanced disease. In this condition, target therapy against driver mutations could constitute an alternative to chemotherapy, and may help in disease control. The past two decades have seen extraordinary progress in developing novel target treatment options, shifting the treatment paradigm for several cancers such as lung cancer. The improvement of knowledge regarding the genetic and biological alterations, of major primary tracheal tumors, has opened up new treatment perspectives, suggesting the possible role of biological targeted therapies for the treatment of these rare tumors. The purpose of this review is to outline the state of knowledge regarding the molecular biology, and the preliminary data on target treatments of the main primary tracheal tumors, focusing on salivary-gland-derived cancers and squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marchioni
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Gaia Francesca Cappiello
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Andreani
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Tabbì
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Livrieri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bosi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Nori
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Otolaryngology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Marchioni
- Otolaryngology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Clini
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
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19
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Li Y, Liang ZY, Wang HL. N6-methyl-2'-deoxyadenosine promotes self-renewal of BFU-E progenitor in erythropoiesis. iScience 2023; 26:106924. [PMID: 37283807 PMCID: PMC10239700 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells supply the oxygen required for all human cells and are in demand for emerging blood-loss therapy. Here we identified N6-methyl-2'-deoxyadenosine (6mdA) as an agonist that promotes the hyperproliferation of burst-forming unit erythroid (BFU-E) progenitor cells. In addition, 6mdA represses the apoptosis of erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs). Combined use of with SCF and EPO enabled cultures of isolated BFU-E to be expanded up to 5,000-fold. Transcriptome analysis showed that 6mdA upregulates the expression of the EPC-associated factors c-Kit, Myb, and Gata2 and downregulates that of the erythroid maturation-related transcription factors Gata1, Spi1, and Klf1. Mechanistic studies suggested that 6mdA enhances and prolongs the activation of erythropoiesis-associated master gene c-Kit and its downstream signaling, leading to expansion and accumulation of EPCs. Collectively, we demonstrate that 6mdA can efficiently stimulate the EPC hyperproliferation and provide a new regenerative medicine recipe to improve ex vivo generation of red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zi-Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hai-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
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20
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Salma M, Andrieu-Soler C, Deleuze V, Soler E. High-throughput methods for the analysis of transcription factors and chromatin modifications: Low input, single cell and spatial genomic technologies. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2023; 101:102745. [PMID: 37121019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide analysis of transcription factors and epigenomic features is instrumental to shed light on DNA-templated regulatory processes such as transcription, cellular differentiation or to monitor cellular responses to environmental cues. Two decades of technological developments have led to a rich set of approaches progressively pushing the limits of epigenetic profiling towards single cells. More recently, disruptive technologies using innovative biochemistry came into play. Assays such as CUT&RUN, CUT&Tag and variations thereof show considerable potential to survey multiple TFs or histone modifications in parallel from a single experiment and in native conditions. These are in the path to become the dominant assays for genome-wide analysis of TFs and chromatin modifications in bulk, single-cell, and spatial genomic applications. The principles together with pros and cons are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Salma
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, France
| | - Charlotte Andrieu-Soler
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, France
| | - Virginie Deleuze
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, France
| | - Eric Soler
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, France.
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Yusoff NA, Abd Hamid Z, Budin SB, Taib IS. Linking Benzene, in Utero Carcinogenicity and Fetal Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches: A Mechanistic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076335. [PMID: 37047305 PMCID: PMC10094243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research reported that prolonged benzene exposure during in utero fetal development causes greater fetal abnormalities than in adult-stage exposure. This phenomenon increases the risk for disease development at the fetal stage, particularly carcinogenesis, which is mainly associated with hematological malignancies. Benzene has been reported to potentially act via multiple modes of action that target the hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) niche, a complex microenvironment in which HSCs and multilineage hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside. Oxidative stress, chromosomal aberration and epigenetic modification are among the known mechanisms mediating benzene-induced genetic and epigenetic modification in fetal stem cells leading to in utero carcinogenesis. Hence, it is crucial to monitor exposure to carcinogenic benzene via environmental, occupational or lifestyle factors among pregnant women. Benzene is a well-known cause of adult leukemia. However, proof of benzene involvement with childhood leukemia remains scarce despite previously reported research linking incidences of hematological disorders and maternal benzene exposure. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has shown that maternal benzene exposure is able to alter the developmental and functional properties of HSPCs, leading to hematological disorders in fetus and children. Since HSPCs are parental blood cells that regulate hematopoiesis during the fetal and adult stages, benzene exposure that targets HSPCs may induce damage to the population and trigger the development of hematological diseases. Therefore, the mechanism of in utero carcinogenicity by benzene in targeting fetal HSPCs is the primary focus of this review.
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22
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Klempnauer KH. C/EBPβ cooperates with MYB to maintain the oncogenic program of AML cells. Oncotarget 2023; 14:174-177. [PMID: 36913305 PMCID: PMC10010626 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on the role of transcription factor MYB in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have identified MYB as a key regulator of a transcriptional program for self-renewal of AML cells. Recent work summarized here has now highlighted the CCAAT-box/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) as an essential factor and potential therapeutic target that cooperates with MYB and coactivator p300 in the maintenance of the leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Klempnauer
- Correspondence to:Karl-Heinz Klempnauer, Institute for Biochemistry, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität, Muenster D-48149, Germany email
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23
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Weng H, Huang H, Chen J. N 6-Methyladenosine RNA Modification in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1442:105-123. [PMID: 38228961 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7471-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Over 170 nucleotide variants have been discovered in messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and non-coding RNAs so far. However, only a few of them, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytidine (m5C), and N1-methyladenosine (m1A), could be mapped in the transcriptome. These RNA modifications appear to be dynamically regulated, with writer, eraser, and reader proteins being identified for each modification. As a result, there is a growing interest in studying their biological impacts on normal bioprocesses and tumorigenesis over the past few years. As the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic mRNAs, m6A plays a vital role in the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA fate via regulating almost all aspects of mRNA metabolism, including RNA splicing, nuclear export, RNA stability, and translation. Studies on mRNA m6A modification serve as a great example for exploring other modifications on mRNA. In this chapter, we will review recent advances in the study of biological functions and regulation of mRNA modifications, specifically m6A, in both normal hematopoiesis and malignant hematopoiesis. We will also discuss the potential of targeting mRNA modifications as a treatment for hematopoietic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyou Weng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huilin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA.
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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24
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Chen W, Zhu L, Wang L, Zeng J, Wen M, Xu X, Zou L, Huang F, Huang Q, Qin D, Mei Q, Yang J, Wang Q, Wu J. A Novel Antithrombocytopenia Agent, Rhizoma cibotii, Promotes Megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis through the PI3K/AKT, MEK/ERK, and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214060. [PMID: 36430539 PMCID: PMC9694118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cibotii rhizoma (CR) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used to treat bleeding, rheumatism, lumbago, etc. However, its therapeutic effects and mechanism against thrombocytopenia are still unknown so far. In the study, we investigated the effects of aqueous extracts of Cibotii rhizoma (AECRs) against thrombocytopenia and its molecular mechanism. METHODS Giemsa staining, phalloidin staining, and flow cytometry were performed to measure the effect of AECRs on the megakaryocyte differentiation in K562 and Meg-01 cells. A radiation-induced thrombocytopenia mouse model was constructed to assess the therapeutic actions of AECRs on thrombocytopenia. Network pharmacology and experimental verification were carried out to clarify its mechanism against thrombocytopenia. RESULTS AECRs promoted megakaryocyte differentiation in K562 and Meg-01 cells and accelerated platelet recovery and megakaryopoiesis with no systemic toxicity in radiation-induced thrombocytopenia mice. The PI3K/AKT, MEK/ERK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways contributed to AECR-induced megakaryocyte differentiation. The suppression of the above signaling pathways by their inhibitors blocked AERC-induced megakaryocyte differentiation. CONCLUSIONS AECRs can promote megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis through activating PI3K/AKT, MEK/ERK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways, which has the potential to treat radiation-induced thrombocytopenia in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Linjie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Min Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiyan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - LiLe Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dalian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qiaozhi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (J.W.); Tel.: 86-18015728611 (Q.W.); 86-13982416641 (J.W.)
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (J.W.); Tel.: 86-18015728611 (Q.W.); 86-13982416641 (J.W.)
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25
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Serina Secanechia YN, Bergiers I, Rogon M, Arnold C, Descostes N, Le S, López-Anguita N, Ganter K, Kapsali C, Bouilleau L, Gut A, Uzuotaite A, Aliyeva A, Zaugg JB, Lancrin C. Identifying a novel role for the master regulator Tal1 in the Endothelial to Hematopoietic Transition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16974. [PMID: 36217016 PMCID: PMC9550822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in the generation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) in vitro and ex vivo has been built on the knowledge of developmental hematopoiesis, underscoring the importance of understanding this process. HSPCs emerge within the embryonic vasculature through an Endothelial-to-Hematopoietic Transition (EHT). The transcriptional regulator Tal1 exerts essential functions in the earliest stages of blood development, but is considered dispensable for the EHT. Nevertheless, Tal1 is expressed with its binding partner Lmo2 and it homologous Lyl1 in endothelial and transitioning cells at the time of EHT. Here, we investigated the function of these genes using a mouse embryonic-stem cell (mESC)-based differentiation system to model hematopoietic development. We showed for the first time that the expression of TAL1 in endothelial cells is crucial to ensure the efficiency of the EHT process and a sustained hematopoietic output. Our findings uncover an important function of Tal1 during the EHT, thus filling the current gap in the knowledge of the role of this master gene throughout the whole process of hematopoietic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Natalia Serina Secanechia
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Isabelle Bergiers
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy ,grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Present Address: Therapeutics Discovery, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Matt Rogon
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomolecular Network Analysis, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Arnold
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Descostes
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, Bioinformatics Services, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Stephanie Le
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Natalia López-Anguita
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy ,grid.419538.20000 0000 9071 0620Present Address: Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ganter
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Chrysi Kapsali
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Lea Bouilleau
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Aaron Gut
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Auguste Uzuotaite
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Ayshan Aliyeva
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Judith B. Zaugg
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christophe Lancrin
- grid.418924.20000 0004 0627 3632European Molecular Biology Laboratory, EMBL Rome - Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
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26
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Wijeratne TU, Guiley KZ, Lee HW, Müller GA, Rubin SM. Cyclin-dependent kinase-mediated phosphorylation and the negative regulatory domain of transcription factor B-Myb modulate its DNA binding. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102319. [PMID: 35926712 PMCID: PMC9478404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
B-Myb is a highly conserved member of the vertebrate Myb family of transcription factors that plays a critical role in cell-cycle progression and proliferation. Myb proteins activate Myb-dependent promoters by interacting specifically with Myb-binding site (MBS) sequences using their DNA-binding domain (DBD). Transactivation of MBS promoters by B-Myb is repressed by its negative regulatory domain (NRD), and phosphorylation of the NRD by Cdk2-CyclinA relieves the repression to activate B-Myb–dependent promoters. However, the structural mechanisms underlying autoinhibition and activation of B-Myb–mediated transcription have been poorly characterized. Here, we determined that a region in the B-Myb NRD (residues 510–600) directly associates with the DBD and inhibits binding of the DBD to the MBS DNA sequence. We demonstrate using biophysical assays that phosphorylation of the NRD at T515, T518, and T520 is sufficient to disrupt the interaction between the NRD and the DBD, which results in increased affinity for MBS DNA and increased B-Myb–dependent promoter activation in cell assays. Our biochemical characterization of B-Myb autoregulation and the activating effects of phosphorylation provide insight into how B-Myb functions as a site-specific transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilini U Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Keelan Z Guiley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Hsiau-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Gerd A Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Seth M Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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27
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Wagner VP, Bingle CD, Bingle L. MYB-NFIB fusion transcript in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: current state of knowledge and future directions. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 176:103745. [PMID: 35738530 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common type of salivary gland cancer that can also arise in other primary sites. Regardless of the site, most ACC cases carry a recurrent chromosomal translocation - t(6;9)(q22-23;p23-24) - involving the MYB oncogene and the NFIB transcription factor. Generally, a long sequence of MYB is fused to the terminal exons of NFIB, yet the break can occur in different exons for both genes, resulting in multiple chimeric variants. The fusion status can be determined by a number of methods, each of them with particular advantages. In vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted to understand the biological consequences of MYB-NFIB translocation, and such findings could contribute to improving the current inefficient therapeutic options for disseminated ACC. This review provides a discussion on relevant evidence in the context of ACC MYB-NFIB translocations to determine the current state of knowledge and discuss future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian P Wagner
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Colin D Bingle
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lynne Bingle
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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28
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Van Deren DA, De S, Xu B, Eschenbacher KM, Zhang S, Capecchi MR. Defining the Hoxb8 cell lineage during murine definitive hematopoiesis. Development 2022; 149:dev200200. [PMID: 35452096 PMCID: PMC9124572 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have demonstrated that a subpopulation of microglia, known as Hoxb8 microglia, is derived from the Hoxb8 lineage during the second wave (E8.5) of yolk sac hematopoiesis, whereas canonical non-Hoxb8 microglia arise from the first wave (E7.5). Hoxb8 microglia have an ontogeny distinct from non-Hoxb8 microglia. Dysfunctional Hoxb8 microglia cause the acquisition of chronic anxiety and an obsessive-compulsive spectrum-like behavior, trichotillomania, in mice. The nature and fate of the progenitors generated during E8.5 yolk sac hematopoiesis have been controversial. Herein, we use the Hoxb8 cell lineage reporter to define the ontogeny of hematopoietic cells arising during the definitive waves of hematopoiesis initiated in the E8.5 yolk sac and aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region. Our murine cell lineage analysis shows that the Hoxb8 cell lineage reporter robustly marks erythromyeloid progenitors, hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny, particularly monocytes. Hoxb8 progenitors and microglia require Myb function, a hallmark transcription factor for definitive hematopoiesis, for propagation and maturation. During adulthood, all immune lineages and, interestingly, resident macrophages in only hematopoietic/lymphoid tissues are derived from Hoxb8 precursors. These results illustrate that the Hoxb8 lineage exclusively mirrors murine definitive hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donn A. Van Deren
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Shrutokirti De
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ben Xu
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kayla M. Eschenbacher
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mario R. Capecchi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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29
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Schmidt TJ, Klempnauer KH. Natural Products with Antitumor Potential Targeting the MYB-C/EBPβ-p300 Transcription Module. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072077. [PMID: 35408476 PMCID: PMC9000602 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor MYB is expressed predominantly in hematopoietic progenitor cells, where it plays an essential role in the development of most lineages of the hematopoietic system. In the myeloid lineage, MYB is known to cooperate with members of the CCAAT box/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors. MYB and C/EBPs interact with the co-activator p300 or its paralog CREB-binding protein (CBP), to form a transcriptional module involved in myeloid-specific gene expression. Recent work has demonstrated that MYB is involved in the development of human leukemia, especially in acute T-cell leukemia (T-ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Chemical entities that inhibit the transcriptional activity of the MYB-C/EBPβ-p300 transcription module may therefore be of use as potential anti-tumour drugs. In searching for small molecule inhibitors, studies from our group over the last 10 years have identified natural products belonging to different structural classes, including various sesquiterpene lactones, a steroid lactone, quinone methide triterpenes and naphthoquinones that interfere with the activity of this transcriptional module in different ways. This review gives a comprehensive overview on the various classes of inhibitors and the inhibitory mechanisms by which they affect the MYB-C/EBPβ-p300 transcriptional module as a potential anti-tumor target. We also focus on the current knowledge on structure-activity relationships underlying these biological effects and on the potential of these compounds for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry (IPBP), University of Münster, PharmaCampus-Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Munster, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.J.S.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Karl-Heinz Klempnauer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, D-48149 Munster, Germany
- Correspondence: (T.J.S.); (K.-H.K.)
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30
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c-Myb protects cochlear hair cells from cisplatin-induced damage via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:78. [PMID: 35210433 PMCID: PMC8873213 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor c-Myb is vital for cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. We have previously reported that c-Myb knockdown exacerbates neomycin-induced damage to cochlea cells. However, the function and regulation of c-Myb in the mammalian inner ear remains unclear. Here, we first found that the expression of c-Myb in cochlear HCs was downregulated after cisplatin damage in vivo. Next, to investigate the role of c-Myb in HCs treated with cisplatin, the recombinant virus AAV-ie-CAG-Myb-HA (AAV-c-Myb) that overexpresses c-Myb was constructed and transfected into HCs. The protein expression of c-Myb was effectively up-regulated in cultured cochlear HCs after the virus transfection, which increased cochlear HC viability, decreased HC apoptosis and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels after cisplatin injury in vitro. The overexpression of c-Myb in HCs after AAV-c-Myb transfection in vivo also promoted HC survival, improved the hearing function of mice and reduced HC apoptosis after cisplatin injury. Furthermore, c-Myb-HC conditional knockout mice (Prestin; c-Myb-cKO) in which c-Myb expression is downregulated only in cochlear OHCs were generated and the cisplatin-induced HCs loss, apoptosis and hearing deficit were all exacerbated in Prestin; c-Myb-cKO mice treated with cisplatin in vivo. Finally, mechanistic studies showed that upregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by c-Myb contributed to the increased HC survival after cisplatin exposure in vitro. The findings from this work suggest that c-Myb might serve as a new target for the prevention of cisplatin-induced HC damage and hearing loss.
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31
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Identification of a c-MYB-directed therapeutic for acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2022; 36:1541-1549. [PMID: 35368048 PMCID: PMC9162920 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients suffering from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cannot be cured by conventional chemotherapy, relapsed disease being a common problem. Molecular targeting of essential oncogenic mediators is an attractive approach to improving outcomes for this disease. The hematopoietic transcription factor c-MYB has been revealed as a central component of complexes maintaining aberrant gene expression programs in AML. We have previously screened the Connectivity Map database to identify mebendazole as an anti-AML therapeutic targeting c-MYB. In the present study we demonstrate that another hit from this screen, the steroidal lactone withaferin A (WFA), induces rapid ablation of c-MYB protein and consequent inhibition of c-MYB target gene expression, loss of leukemia cell viability, reduced colony formation and impaired disease progression. Although WFA has been reported to have pleiotropic anti-cancer effects, we demonstrate that its anti-AML activity depends on c-MYB modulation and can be partially reversed by a stabilized c-MYB mutant. c-MYB ablation results from disrupted HSP/HSC70 chaperone protein homeostasis in leukemia cells following induction of proteotoxicity and the unfolded protein response by WFA. The widespread use of WFA in traditional medicines throughout the world indicates that it represents a promising candidate for repurposing into AML therapy.
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32
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Chen J, Li G, Lian J, Ma N, Huang Z, Li J, Wen Z, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Slc20a1b is essential for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell expansion in zebrafish. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:2186-2201. [PMID: 33751369 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are able to self-renew and can give rise to all blood lineages throughout their lifetime, yet the mechanisms regulating HSPC development have yet to be discovered. In this study, we characterized a hematopoiesis defective zebrafish mutant line named smu07, which was obtained from our previous forward genetic screening, and found the HSPC expansion deficiency in the mutant. Positional cloning identified that slc20a1b, which encodes a sodium phosphate cotransporter, contributed to the smu07 blood phenotype. Further analysis demonstrated that mutation of slc20a1b affects HSPC expansion through cell cycle arrest at G2/M phases in a cell-autonomous manner. Our study shows that slc20a1b is a vital regulator for HSPC proliferation in zebrafish early hematopoiesis and provides valuable insights into HSPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakui Chen
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gaofei Li
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junwei Lian
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianchao Li
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zilong Wen
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yiyue Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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33
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Tuong ZK, Stewart BJ, Guo SA, Clatworthy MR. Epigenetics and tissue immunity-Translating environmental cues into functional adaptations. Immunol Rev 2021; 305:111-136. [PMID: 34821397 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing appreciation that many innate and adaptive immune cell subsets permanently reside within non-lymphoid organs, playing a critical role in tissue homeostasis and defense. The best characterized are macrophages and tissue-resident T lymphocytes that work in concert with organ structural cells to generate appropriate immune responses and are functionally shaped by organ-specific environmental cues. The interaction of tissue epithelial, endothelial and stromal cells is also required to attract, differentiate, polarize and maintain organ immune cells in their tissue niche. All of these processes require dynamic regulation of cellular transcriptional programmes, with epigenetic mechanisms playing a critical role, including DNA methylation and post-translational histone modifications. A failure to appropriately regulate immune cell transcription inevitably results in inadequate or inappropriate immune responses and organ pathology. Here, with a focus on the mammalian kidney, an organ which generates differing regional environmental cues (including hypersalinity and hypoxia) due to its physiological functions, we will review the basic concepts of tissue immunity, discuss the technologies available to profile epigenetic modifications in tissue immune cells, including those that enable single-cell profiling, and consider how these mechanisms influence the development, phenotype, activation and function of different tissue immune cell subsets, as well as the immunological function of structural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Kelvin Tuong
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Shuang Andrew Guo
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.,Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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34
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Mack R, Zhang L, Breslin Sj P, Zhang J. The Fetal-to-Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transition and its Role in Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2059-2080. [PMID: 34424480 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As with most organ systems that undergo continuous generation and maturation during the transition from fetal to adult life, the hematopoietic and immune systems also experience dynamic changes. Such changes lead to many unique features in blood cell function and immune responses in early childhood. The blood cells and immune cells in neonates are a mixture of fetal and adult origin due to the co-existence of both fetal and adult types of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs). Fetal blood and immune cells gradually diminish during maturation of the infant and are almost completely replaced by adult types of cells by 3 to 4 weeks after birth in mice. Such features in early childhood are associated with unique features of hematopoietic and immune diseases, such as leukemia, at these developmental stages. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which hematopoietic and immune changes occur throughout ontogeny will provide useful information for the study and treatment of pediatric blood and immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the most recent studies on hematopoietic initiation during early embryonic development, the expansion of both fetal and adult types of HSCs and HPCs in the fetal liver and fetal bone marrow stages, and the shift from fetal to adult hematopoiesis/immunity during neonatal/infant development. We also discuss the contributions of fetal types of HSCs/HPCs to childhood leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Mack
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Peter Breslin Sj
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.,Departments of Molecular/Cellular Physiology and Biology, Loyola University Medical Center and Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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35
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Shah Z, Filonenko ES, Ramensky V, Fan C, Wang C, Ullah H, Zhang B, Volchkov P, Samokhvalov IM. MYB bi-allelic targeting abrogates primitive clonogenic progenitors while the emergence of primitive blood cells is not affected. Haematologica 2021; 106:2191-2202. [PMID: 32732364 PMCID: PMC8327747 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.249193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MYB is a key regulator of definitive hematopoiesis and it is dispensable for the development of primitive hematopoietic cells in vertebrates. In order to delineate definitive versus primitive hematopoiesis during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells, we have introduced reporters into the MYB locus and inactivated the gene by bi-allelic targeting. In order to recapitulate the early developmental events more adequately, mutant and wild-type human embryonic stem cell lines were differentiated in defined culture conditions without the addition of hematopoietic cytokines. The differentiation of the reporter cell lines demonstrated that MYB is specifically expressed throughout emerging hematopoietic cell populations. Here we show that the disruption of the MYB gene leads to severe defects in the development and proliferation of primitive hematopoietic progenitors while the emergence of primitive blood cells is not affected. We also provide evidence that MYB is essential for neutrophil and T-cell development and the upregulation of innate immunity genes during hematopoietic differentiation. Our results suggest that the endothelial origin of primitive blood cells is direct and does not include the intermediate step of primitive hematopoietic progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahir Shah
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elena S Filonenko
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vasily Ramensky
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Chenyu Fan
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuihua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanif Ullah
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyun Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pavel Volchkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Igor M Samokhvalov
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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36
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Splichalova I, Balounová J, Vobořil M, Brabec T, Sedlacek R, Filipp D. Deletion of TLR2 + erythro-myeloid progenitors leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2237-2250. [PMID: 34107067 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Early embryonic hematopoiesis in mammals is defined by three successive waves of hematopoietic progenitors which exhibit a distinct hematopoietic potential and provide continuous support for the development of the embryo and adult organism. Although the functional importance of each of these waves has been analyzed, their spatio-temporal overlap and the lack of wave-specific markers hinders the accurate separation and assessment of their functional roles during early embryogenesis. We have recently shown that TLR2, in combination with c-kit, represents the earliest signature of emerging precursors of the second hematopoietic wave, erythro-myeloid precursors (EMPs). Since the onset of Tlr2 expression distinguishes EMPs from primitive progenitors which coexist in the yolk sac from E7.5, we generated a novel transgenic "knock in" mouse model, Tlr2Dtr , suitable for inducible targeted depletion of TLR2+ EMPs. In this model, the red fluorescent protein and diphtheria toxin receptor sequences are linked via a P2A sequence and inserted into the Tlr2 locus before its stop codon. We show that a timely controlled deletion of TLR2+ EMPs in Tlr2Dtr embryos results in a marked decrease in both erythroid as well as myeloid lineages and, consequently, in embryonic lethality peaking before E13.5. These findings validate the importance of EMPs in embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Splichalova
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Balounová
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matouš Vobořil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brabec
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Filipp
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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37
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Iturri L, Freyer L, Biton A, Dardenne P, Lallemand Y, Gomez Perdiguero E. Megakaryocyte production is sustained by direct differentiation from erythromyeloid progenitors in the yolk sac until midgestation. Immunity 2021; 54:1433-1446.e5. [PMID: 34062116 PMCID: PMC8284597 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extra-embryonic yolk sac contains the first definitive multipotent hematopoietic cells, denominated erythromyeloid progenitors. They originate in situ prior to the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells and give rise to erythroid, monocytes, granulocytes, mast cells and macrophages, the latter in a Myb transcription factor-independent manner. We uncovered here the heterogeneity of yolk sac erythromyeloid progenitors, at the single cell level, and discriminated multipotent from committed progenitors, prior to fetal liver colonization. We identified two temporally distinct megakaryocyte differentiation pathways. The first occurs in the yolk sac, bypasses intermediate bipotent megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors and, similar to the differentiation of macrophages, is Myb-independent. By contrast, the second originates later, from Myb-dependent bipotent progenitors expressing Csf2rb and colonize the fetal liver, where they give rise to megakaryocytes and to large numbers of erythrocytes. Understanding megakaryocyte development is crucial as they play key functions during vascular development, in particular in separating blood and lymphatic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorea Iturri
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laina Freyer
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Biton
- Institut Pasteur, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub (C3BI), Paris, France
| | - Pascal Dardenne
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yvan Lallemand
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and endothelial cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.
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38
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Two populations of self-maintaining monocyte-independent macrophages exist in adult epididymis and testis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2013686117. [PMID: 33372158 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013686117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the principal immune cells of the epididymis and testis, but their origins, heterogeneity, development, and maintenance are not well understood. Here, we describe distinct populations of epididymal and testicular macrophages that display an organ-specific cellular identity. Combining in vivo fate-mapping, chimeric and parabiotic mouse models with in-depth cellular analyses, we found that CD64hiMHCIIlo and CD64loMHCIIhi macrophage populations of epididymis and testis arise sequentially from yolk sac erythro-myeloid progenitors, embryonic hematopoiesis, and nascent neonatal monocytes. While monocytes were the major developmental source of both epididymal and testicular macrophages, both populations self-maintain in the steady-state independent of bone marrow hematopoietic precursors. However, after radiation-induced macrophage ablation or during infection, bone marrow-derived circulating monocytes are recruited to the epididymis and testis, giving rise to inflammatory macrophages that promote tissue damage. These results define the layered ontogeny, maintenance and inflammatory response of macrophage populations in the male reproductive organs.
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39
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Barbarani G, Labedz A, Stucchi S, Abbiati A, Ronchi AE. Physiological and Aberrant γ-Globin Transcription During Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640060. [PMID: 33869190 PMCID: PMC8047207 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of the fetal Gγ- and Aγ-globin genes in normal development is confined to the fetal period, where two γ-globin chains assemble with two α-globin chains to form α2γ2 tetramers (HbF). HbF sustains oxygen delivery to tissues until birth, when β-globin replaces γ-globin, leading to the formation of α2β2 tetramers (HbA). However, in different benign and pathological conditions, HbF is expressed in adult cells, as it happens in the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, in anemias and in some leukemias. The molecular basis of γ-globin differential expression in the fetus and of its inappropriate activation in adult cells is largely unknown, although in recent years, a few transcription factors involved in this process have been identified. The recent discovery that fetal cells can persist to adulthood and contribute to disease raises the possibility that postnatal γ-globin expression could, in some cases, represent the signature of the fetal cellular origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Barbarani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Agata Labedz
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Sarah Stucchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessia Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella E Ronchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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40
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MYB oncoproteins: emerging players and potential therapeutic targets in human cancer. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:19. [PMID: 33637673 PMCID: PMC7910556 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are highly conserved from plants to vertebrates, indicating that their functions embrace fundamental mechanisms in the biology of cells and organisms. In humans, the MYB gene family is composed of three members: MYB, MYBL1 and MYBL2, encoding the transcription factors MYB, MYBL1, and MYBL2 (also known as c-MYB, A-MYB, and B-MYB), respectively. A truncated version of MYB, the prototype member of the MYB family, was originally identified as the product of the retroviral oncogene v-myb, which causes leukaemia in birds. This led to the hypothesis that aberrant activation of vertebrate MYB could also cause cancer. Despite more than three decades have elapsed since the isolation of v-myb, only recently investigators were able to detect MYB genes rearrangements and mutations, smoking gun evidence of the involvement of MYB family members in human cancer. In this review, we will highlight studies linking the activity of MYB family members to human malignancies and experimental therapeutic interventions tailored for MYB-expressing cancers.
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41
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Neo WH, Lie-A-Ling M, Fadlullah MZH, Lacaud G. Contributions of Embryonic HSC-Independent Hematopoiesis to Organogenesis and the Adult Hematopoietic System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631699. [PMID: 33681211 PMCID: PMC7930747 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During ontogeny, the establishment of the hematopoietic system takes place in several phases, separated both in time and location. The process is initiated extra-embryonically in the yolk sac (YS) and concludes in the main arteries of the embryo with the formation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Initially, it was thought that HSC-independent hematopoietic YS cells were transient, and only required to bridge the gap to HSC activity. However, in recent years it has become clear that these cells also contribute to embryonic organogenesis, including the emergence of HSCs. Furthermore, some of these early HSC-independent YS cells persist into adulthood as distinct hematopoietic populations. These previously unrecognized abilities of embryonic HSC-independent hematopoietic cells constitute a new field of interest. Here, we aim to provide a succinct overview of the current knowledge regarding the contribution of YS-derived hematopoietic cells to the development of the embryo and the adult hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hao Neo
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Lie-A-Ling
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Georges Lacaud
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
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42
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Soares-da-Silva F, Freyer L, Elsaid R, Burlen-Defranoux O, Iturri L, Sismeiro O, Pinto-do-Ó P, Gomez-Perdiguero E, Cumano A. Yolk sac, but not hematopoietic stem cell-derived progenitors, sustain erythropoiesis throughout murine embryonic life. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211777. [PMID: 33566111 PMCID: PMC7879581 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the embryo, the first hematopoietic cells derive from the yolk sac and are thought to be rapidly replaced by the progeny of hematopoietic stem cells. We used three lineage-tracing mouse models to show that, contrary to what was previously assumed, hematopoietic stem cells do not contribute significantly to erythrocyte production up until birth. Lineage tracing of yolk sac erythromyeloid progenitors, which generate tissue resident macrophages, identified highly proliferative erythroid progenitors that rapidly differentiate after intra-embryonic injection, persisting as the major contributors to the embryonic erythroid compartment. We show that erythrocyte progenitors of yolk sac origin require 10-fold lower concentrations of erythropoietin than their hematopoietic stem cell–derived counterparts for efficient erythrocyte production. We propose that, in a low erythropoietin environment in the fetal liver, yolk sac–derived erythrocyte progenitors efficiently outcompete hematopoietic stem cell progeny, which fails to generate megakaryocyte and erythrocyte progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Soares-da-Silva
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laina Freyer
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ramy Elsaid
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Odile Burlen-Defranoux
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Lorea Iturri
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Odile Sismeiro
- Institut Pasteur, Transcriptome and EpiGenome, Biomics Center for Innovation and Technological Research, Paris, France
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisa Gomez-Perdiguero
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ana Cumano
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
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43
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Robinson A, Han CZ, Glass CK, Pollard JW. Monocyte Regulation in Homeostasis and Malignancy. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:104-119. [PMID: 33446416 PMCID: PMC7877795 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are progenitors to macrophages and a subclass of dendritic cells (monocyte-derived dendritic cells, MoDCs), but they also act as circulating sensors that respond to environmental changes and disease. Technological advances have defined the production of classical monocytes in the bone marrow through the identification of lineage-determining transcription factors (LDTFs) and have proposed alternative routes of differentiation. Monocytes released into the circulation can be recruited to tissues by specific chemoattractants where they respond to sequential niche-specific signals that determine their differentiation into terminal effector cells. New aspects of monocyte biology in the circulation are being revealed, exemplified by the influence of cancer on the systemic alteration of monocyte subset abundance and transcriptional profiles. These changes can act to enhance the metastatic spread of primary cancers and may offer therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Robinson
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Claudia Z Han
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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44
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Gautam DK, Chimata AV, Gutti RK, Paddibhatla I. Comparative hematopoiesis and signal transduction in model organisms. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5592-5619. [PMID: 33492678 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a continuous phenomenon involving the formation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) giving rise to diverse functional blood cells. This developmental process of hematopoiesis is evolutionarily conserved, yet comparably different in various model organisms. Vertebrate HSCs give rise to all types of mature cells of both the myeloid and the lymphoid lineages sequentially colonizing in different anatomical tissues. Signal transduction in HSCs facilitates their potency and specifies branching of lineages. Understanding the hematopoietic signaling pathways is crucial to gain insights into their deregulation in several blood-related disorders. The focus of the review is on hematopoiesis corresponding to different model organisms and pivotal role of indispensable hematopoietic pathways. We summarize and discuss the fundamentals of blood formation in both invertebrate and vertebrates, examining the requirement of key signaling nexus in hematopoiesis. Knowledge obtained from such comparative studies associated with developmental dynamics of hematopoiesis is beneficial to explore the therapeutic options for hematopoietic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Kumar Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Indira Paddibhatla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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45
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Environmental signals rather than layered ontogeny imprint the function of type 2 conventional dendritic cells in young and adult mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:464. [PMID: 33469015 PMCID: PMC7815729 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional dendritic cells (cDC) are key activators of naive T cells, and can be targeted in adults to induce adaptive immunity, but in early life are considered under-developed or functionally immature. Here we show that, in early life, when the immune system develops, cDC2 exhibit a dual hematopoietic origin and, like other myeloid and lymphoid cells, develop in waves. Developmentally distinct cDC2 in early life, despite being distinguishable by fate mapping, are transcriptionally and functionally similar. cDC2 in early and adult life, however, are exposed to distinct cytokine environments that shape their transcriptional profile and alter their ability to sense pathogens, secrete cytokines and polarize T cells. We further show that cDC2 in early life, despite being distinct from cDC2 in adult life, are functionally competent and can induce T cell responses. Our results thus highlight the potential of harnessing cDC2 for boosting immunity in early life.
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46
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Abstract
Embryonic definitive hematopoiesis generates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) essential for establishment and maintenance of the adult blood system. This process requires the specification of a subset of vascular endothelial cells to become blood-forming, or hemogenic, and the subsequent endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition to generate HSPCs therefrom. The mechanisms that regulate these processes are under intensive investigation, as their recapitulation in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells has the potential to generate autologous HSPCs for clinical applications. In this review, we provide an overview of hemogenic endothelial cell development and highlight the molecular events that govern hemogenic specification of vascular endothelial cells and the generation of multilineage HSPCs from hemogenic endothelium. We also discuss the impact of hemogenic endothelial cell development on adult hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA;
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA; .,Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA;
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47
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Crosse EI, Gordon-Keylock S, Rybtsov S, Binagui-Casas A, Felchle H, Nnadi NC, Kirschner K, Chandra T, Tamagno S, Webb DJ, Rossi F, Anderson RA, Medvinsky A. Multi-layered Spatial Transcriptomics Identify Secretory Factors Promoting Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 27:822-839.e8. [PMID: 32946788 PMCID: PMC7671940 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) first emerge in the embryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region. Studies of model organisms defined intersecting signaling pathways that converge to promote HSC emergence predominantly in the ventral domain of the dorsal aorta. Much less is known about mechanisms driving HSC development in humans. Here, to identify secreted signals underlying human HSC development, we combined spatial transcriptomics analysis of dorsoventral polarized signaling in the aorta with gene expression profiling of sorted cell populations and single cells. Our analysis revealed a subset of aortic endothelial cells with a downregulated arterial signature and a predicted lineage relationship with the emerging HSC/progenitor population. Analysis of the ventrally polarized molecular landscape identified endothelin 1 as an important secreted regulator of human HSC development. The obtained gene expression datasets will inform future studies on mechanisms of HSC development in vivo and on generation of clinically relevant HSCs in vitro. Spatial transcriptome profiling of the human HSC developmental niche Characterization of an HSC precursor population at single-cell resolution Cardiac EGF pathway is ventrally enriched next to developing IAHCs/HSCs Ventrally secreted endothelin promotes development of HSCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Edie I Crosse
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | | | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Anahi Binagui-Casas
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Hannah Felchle
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Nneka C Nnadi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Kristina Kirschner
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden G61 1QH, UK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Sara Tamagno
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - David J Webb
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Fiona Rossi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Richard A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Alexander Medvinsky
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
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48
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Weinberger T, Esfandyari D, Messerer D, Percin G, Schleifer C, Thaler R, Liu L, Stremmel C, Schneider V, Vagnozzi RJ, Schwanenkamp J, Fischer M, Busch K, Klapproth K, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H, Klösges L, Titova A, Molkentin JD, Kobayashi Y, Engelhardt S, Massberg S, Waskow C, Perdiguero EG, Schulz C. Ontogeny of arterial macrophages defines their functions in homeostasis and inflammation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4549. [PMID: 32917889 PMCID: PMC7486394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18287-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial macrophages have different developmental origins, but the association of macrophage ontogeny with their phenotypes and functions in adulthood is still unclear. Here, we combine macrophage fate-mapping analysis with single-cell RNA sequencing to establish their cellular identity during homeostasis, and in response to angiotensin-II (AngII)-induced arterial inflammation. Yolk sac erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMP) contribute substantially to adventitial macrophages and give rise to a defined cluster of resident immune cells with homeostatic functions that is stable in adult mice, but declines in numbers during ageing and is not replenished by bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages. In response to AngII inflammation, increase in adventitial macrophages is driven by recruitment of BM monocytes, while EMP-derived macrophages proliferate locally and provide a distinct transcriptional response that is linked to tissue regeneration. Our findings thus contribute to the understanding of macrophage heterogeneity, and associate macrophage ontogeny with distinct functions in health and disease. Arterial macrophages develop from either yolk sac or bone marrow progenitors. Here, the author show that ageing-induced reduction of arterial macrophages is not replenished by bone marrow-derived cells, but under inflammatory conditions circulating monocytes are recruited to maintain homeostasis, while arterial macrophages of yolk sac origin carry out tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Weinberger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Dena Esfandyari
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Denise Messerer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Gulce Percin
- Regeneration in Hematopoiesis, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Schleifer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Raffael Thaler
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Lulu Liu
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Stremmel
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schneider
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Ronald J Vagnozzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Jennifer Schwanenkamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Maximilian Fischer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Busch
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kay Klapproth
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Klösges
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Titova
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Kobayashi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Hiro-Oka Gobara Shiojiri, Nagano, 390-0781, Japan
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Regeneration in Hematopoiesis, Leibniz-Institute on Aging - Fritz-Lipmann-Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstrasse 11, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07737 Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Macrophages and Endothelial cells, Département de Biologie du Développement et Cellules Souches, UMR3738 CNRS, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany. .,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Marchioninistrasse 27, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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49
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Substitution of Thr572 to Ala in mouse c-Myb attenuates progression of early erythroid differentiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14381. [PMID: 32873855 PMCID: PMC7463259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression level of transcription factor c-Myb oscillates during hematopoiesis. Fbw7 promotes ubiquitin-mediated degradation of c-Myb, which is dependent on phosphorylation of Thr572. To investigate the physiological relevance of Fbw7-mediated c-Myb degradation, we generated mutant mice carrying c-Myb-T572A (TA). Homozygous mutant (TA/TA) mice exhibited a reduction in the number of peripheral red blood cells and diminished erythroblasts in bone marrow, presumably as a result of failure during erythroblast differentiation. We found that c-Myb high-expressing cells converged in the Lin-CD71+ fraction, and the expression of c-Myb was higher in TA/TA mice than in wild-type mice. Moreover, TA/TA mice had an increased proportion of the CD71+ subset in Lin- cells. The c-Myb level in the Lin-CD71+ subset showed three peaks, and the individual c-Myb level was positively correlated with that of c-Kit, a marker of undifferentiated cells. Ultimately, the proportion of c-Mybhi subgroup was significantly increased in TA/TA mice compared with wild-type mice. These results indicate that a delay in reduction of c-Myb protein during an early stage of erythroid differentiation creates its obstacle in TA/TA mice. In this study, we showed the T572-dependent downregulation of c-Myb protein is required for proper differentiation in early-stage erythroblasts, suggesting the in vivo significance of Fbw7-mediated c-Myb degradation.
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50
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Enhancer dependence of cell-type-specific gene expression increases with developmental age. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21450-21458. [PMID: 32817427 PMCID: PMC7474592 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008672117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene regulatory logic reflects the occupancy of cis elements by transcription factors and the configuration of promoters and enhancers. As the majority of genome-wide analyses have focused on adult cells, scant attention has been paid to embryonic cells, other than embryonic stem cells. Focusing on genome-wide comparative analyses of two stages of erythroblasts, we discovered that regulation of embryonic-specific genes is promoter-centric through Gata1, whereas adult-specific control is combinatorial enhancer-driven and requires Myb, which is confirmed by increased enhancer–promoter interactions of adult specific genes. Extending genome-wide comparative analyses more broadly to available datasets of diverse mouse and human cells and tissues, we conclude that the progressively increased enhancer dependence of cell-type–specific genes with developmental age is conserved during development. How overall principles of cell-type–specific gene regulation (the “logic”) may change during ontogeny is largely unexplored. We compared transcriptomic, epigenomic, and three-dimensional (3D) genomic profiles in embryonic (EryP) and adult (EryD) erythroblasts. Despite reduced chromatin accessibility compared to EryP, distal chromatin of EryD is enriched in H3K27ac, Gata1, and Myb occupancy. EryP-/EryD-shared enhancers are highly correlated with red blood cell identity genes, whereas cell-type–specific regulation employs different cis elements in EryP and EryD cells. In contrast to EryP-specific genes, which exhibit promoter-centric regulation through Gata1, EryD-specific genes rely more on distal enhancers for regulation involving Myb-mediated enhancer activation. Gata1 HiChIP demonstrated an overall increased enhancer–promoter interactions at EryD-specific genes, whereas genome editing in selected loci confirmed distal enhancers are required for gene expression in EryD but not in EryP. Applying a metric for enhancer dependence of transcription, we observed a progressive reliance on cell-specific enhancers with increasing ontogenetic age among diverse tissues of mouse and human origin. Our findings highlight fundamental and conserved differences at distinct developmental stages, characterized by simpler promoter-centric regulation of cell-type–specific genes in embryonic cells and increased combinatorial enhancer-driven control in adult cells.
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