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Lucas IT, Bazin D, Daudon M. Raman opportunities in the field of pathological calcifications. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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C G, Shetty S, Bharati S, Chidangil S, Bankapur A. Optical Trapping and Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Functional Red Blood Cells Using Vortex Beam for Cell Membrane Studies. Anal Chem 2021; 93:5484-5493. [PMID: 33764040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There has been a long-standing interest in Raman spectroscopic investigation of optically trapped single functional cells. Optical trapping using a Gaussian beam has helped researchers for decades to investigate single cells suspended in a physiological medium. However, complete and sensitive probing of single cells demands further advancements in experimental methods. Herein, we propose optical trapping and simultaneous micro-Raman spectroscopy of red blood cells (RBCs) in an unconventional face-on orientation using an optical vortex beam. Using this novel method, we are successful in comparing the conformational state of hemoglobin (Hb) molecules near the RBC membrane and inside the bulk of the cell. This method enabled us to successfully probe the oxy/deoxy ratio of Hb molecules near the RBC membrane and inside the bulk of the cell. Because of the face-on orientation, the Raman spectra of RBCs acquired using a vortex beam have a significant contribution from membrane components compared to that recorded using the Gaussian beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghanashyam C
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sachin Shetty
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sanjay Bharati
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Santhosh Chidangil
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.,Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Aseefhali Bankapur
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.,Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
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Li J, Liang Z, Wang S, Wang Z, Zhang X, Hu X, Wang K, He Q, Bai J. Study on the pathological and biomedical characteristics of spinal cord injury by confocal Raman microspectral imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 210:148-158. [PMID: 30453190 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Confocal Raman microspectral imaging (CRMI) in combination with multivariate analysis was used to study pathological progression after spinal cord injury (SCI). By establishing moderate contusion in rat models, ex vivo longitudinal spinal cord tissue sections were prepared for microspectroscopic analysis. Comparative studies were then performed to determine the pathological distinctions among before injury (BI), one day post-injury (1 DPI), seven days post-injury (7 DPI), and 14 days post-injury (14 DPI) groups. Multivariate analysis algorithms, including K-mean cluster analysis (KCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were conducted to highlight biochemical and structural variations after tissue damage. It is confirmed that typical spectral features and profiles can illustrate some fundamental and significant pathological processes post-injury, such as neuron apoptosis, hemorrhage, demyelination, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) upregulation. Further, by establishing spectra-structure correlations, the reconstructed spectral images revealed some minute and important morphological characteristics following tissue injury, such as glial scar formation surrounding the cavity structure. The observed spectral phenomena also provide a detailed view on relevant pathobiological factors, which are involved in the spread of secondary damage after traumatic spinal cord injury. Our findings not only provide a spectral perspective to the well-known cellular mechanisms underlying SCI, but further provide a sound basis for developing real-time Raman methodologies to evaluate the prognostic factors and therapeutic results of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuowen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueyu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaige Wang
- Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingli He
- Department of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jintao Bai
- Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Talib AJ, Fisher A, Voronine DV, Sinyukov AM, Bustamante Lopez SC, Ambardar S, Meissner KE, Scully MO, Sokolov AV. Fluorescence imaging of stained red blood cells with simultaneous resonance Raman photostability analysis. Analyst 2019; 144:4362-4370. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00757a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous fluorescence and resonance Raman imaging of R6G-stained red blood cells with optimal laser power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansam J. Talib
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- Department of Physics
| | - Andrew Fisher
- Department of Physics
- Centre for Nanohealth
- Swansea University
- Wales
- UK
| | - Dmitri V. Voronine
- Department of Physics
- University of South Florida
- Tampa
- USA
- Department of Medical Engineering
| | | | - Sandra C. Bustamante Lopez
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- Department of Physics
| | - Sharad Ambardar
- Department of Physics
- University of South Florida
- Tampa
- USA
- Department of Medical Engineering
| | | | - Marlan O. Scully
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- Department of Physics
| | - Alexei V. Sokolov
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- Department of Physics
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Gautam R, Oh JY, Marques MB, Dluhy RA, Patel RP. Characterization of Storage-Induced Red Blood Cell Hemolysis Using Raman Spectroscopy. Lab Med 2018; 49:298-310. [PMID: 29893945 PMCID: PMC6180846 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmy018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic efficacy and safety of stored red blood cells (RBCs) relies on minimal in-bag hemolysis. The accuracy of current methods of measuring hemolysis can suffer as a result of specimen collection and processing artefacts. OBJECTIVE To test whether Raman spectroscopy could be used to assess hemolysis. METHODS RBCs were stored for as long as 42 days. Raman spectra of RBCs were measured before and after washing, and hemolysis was measured in supernatant by visible spectroscopy. RESULTS Raman spectra indicated increased concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) and methemoglobin (metHb), and decreased membrane fluidity with storage age. Changes in oxyHb and metHb were associated with the intraerythrocytic and extracellular fractions, respectively. Hemolysis increased in a storage age-dependent manner. Changes in Raman bands reflective of oxyHb, metHb, and RBC membranes correlated with hemolysis; the most statistically significant change was an increased intensity of metHb and decreased membrane fluidity. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that Raman spectroscopy may offer a new label-free modality to assess RBC hemolysis during cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Gautam
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Joo-Yeun Oh
- Department of Chemistry Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Marisa B Marques
- Department of Chemistry Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Richard A Dluhy
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rakesh P Patel
- Department of Chemistry Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Abstract
Nanotoxicity of nanomaterials is an important issue in view of their potential applications in systemic circulation and wound healing dressing. This account specifically deals with several characteristic features of different nanomaterials which induce hemolysis and how to make them hemocompatible. The shape, size, and surface functionalities of naked metallic as well as nonmetallic nanoparticles surfaces are responsible for the hemolysis. An appropriate coating of biocompatible molecules dramatically reduces hemolysis and promotes their ability as safe drug delivery vehicles. The use of coated nanomaterials in wound healing dressing opens several new strategies for rapid wound healing processes. Properly designed nanomaterials should be selected to minimize the nanotoxicity in the wound healing process. Future directions need new synthetic methods for engineered nanomaterials for their best use in nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh Bakshi
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay , 2420 Nicolet Drive, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311-7001, United States
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Atkins CG, Buckley K, Blades MW, Turner RFB. Raman Spectroscopy of Blood and Blood Components. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:767-793. [PMID: 28398071 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816686593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood is a bodily fluid that is vital for a number of life functions in animals. To a first approximation, blood is a mildly alkaline aqueous fluid (plasma) in which a large number of free-floating red cells (erythrocytes), white cells (leucocytes), and platelets are suspended. The primary function of blood is to transport oxygen from the lungs to all the cells of the body and move carbon dioxide in the return direction after it is produced by the cells' metabolism. Blood also carries nutrients to the cells and brings waste products to the liver and kidneys. Measured levels of oxygen, nutrients, waste, and electrolytes in blood are often used for clinical assessment of human health. Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive analytical technique that uses the inelastic scattering of light to provide information on chemical composition, and hence has a potential role in this clinical assessment process. Raman spectroscopic probing of blood components and of whole blood has been on-going for more than four decades and has proven useful in applications ranging from the understanding of hemoglobin oxygenation, to the discrimination of cancerous cells from healthy lymphocytes, and the forensic investigation of crime scenes. In this paper, we review the literature in the field, collate the published Raman spectroscopy studies of erythrocytes, leucocytes, platelets, plasma, and whole blood, and attempt to draw general conclusions on the state of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad G Atkins
- 1 Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Canada
- 2 Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Buckley
- 1 Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Canada
- 3 Nanoscale Biophotonics Laboratory, National University of Ireland, Ireland
| | - Michael W Blades
- 2 Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robin F B Turner
- 1 Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Canada
- 2 Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Canada
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Canada
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8
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Jernshøj KD, Hassing S, Olsen LF. A combination of dynamic light scattering and polarized resonance Raman scattering applied in the study of Arenicola Marina extracellular hemoglobin. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:065104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4813920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Premasiri WR, Lee JC, Ziegler LD. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of whole human blood, blood plasma, and red blood cells: cellular processes and bioanalytical sensing. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:9376-86. [PMID: 22780445 DOI: 10.1021/jp304932g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
SERS spectra of whole human blood, blood plasma, and red blood cells on Au nanoparticle SiO(2) substrates excited at 785 nm have been observed. For the sample preparation procedure employed here, the SERS spectrum of whole blood arises from the blood plasma component only. This is in contrast to the normal Raman spectrum of whole blood excited at 785 nm and open to ambient air, which is exclusively due to the scattering of oxyhemoglobin. The SERS spectrum of whole blood shows a storage time dependence that is not evident in the non-SERS Raman spectrum of whole blood. Hypoxanthine, a product of purine degradation, dominates the SERS spectrum of blood after ~10-20 h of storage at 8 °C. The corresponding SERS spectrum of plasma isolated from the stored blood shows the same temporal release of hypoxanthine. Thus, blood cellular components (red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or platelets) are releasing hypoxanthine into the plasma over this time interval. The SERS spectrum of red blood cells (RBCs) excited at 785 nm is reported for the first time and exhibits well-known heme group marker bands as well as other bands that may be attributed to cell membrane components or protein denaturation contributions. SERS, as well as normal Raman spectra, of oxy- and met-RBCs are reported and compared. These SERS results can have significant impact in the area of clinical diagnostics, blood supply management, and forensics.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Premasiri
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Wood BR, Caspers P, Puppels GJ, Pandiancherri S, McNaughton D. Resonance Raman spectroscopy of red blood cells using near-infrared laser excitation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 387:1691-703. [PMID: 17151857 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Revised: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Resonance Raman spectra of oxygenated and deoxygenated functional erythrocytes recorded using 785 nm laser excitation are presented. The high-quality spectra show a mixture of enhanced A(1g), A(2g), B(1g), B(2g), E(u) and vinyl modes. The high sensitivity of the Raman system enabled spectra from four oxygenation and deoxygenation cycles to be recorded with only 18 mW of power at the sample over a 60-minute period. This low power prevented photo-/thermal degradation and negated protein denaturation leading to heme aggregation. The large database consisting of 210 spectra from the four cycles was analyzed with principal components analysis (PCA). The PC1 loadings plot provided exquisite detail on bands associated with the oxygenated and deoxygenated states. The enhancement of a band at 567 cm(-1), observed in the spectra of oxygenated cells and the corresponding PC1 loadings plot, was assigned to the Fe-O(2) stretching mode, while a band appearing at 419 cm(-1) was assigned to the Fe-O-O bending mode based on previous studies. For deoxygenated cells, the enhancement of B(1g) modes at 785 nm excitation is consistent with vibronic coupling between band III and the Soret transition. In the case of oxygenated cells, the enhancement of iron-axial out-of-plane modes and non-totally symmetric modes is consistent with enhancement into the y,z-polarized transition a(iu)(pi)-->d(xz)+O(2)(pi(g)) centered at 785 nm. The enhancement of non-totally symmetric B(1g) modes in oxygenated cells suggests vibronic coupling between band IV and the Soret band. This study provides new insights into the vibrational dynamics, electronic structure and resonant enhancement of heme moieties within functional erythrocytes at near-IR excitation wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayden R Wood
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Ramser K, Bjerneld EJ, Fant C, Käll M. Importance of substrate and photo-induced effects in Raman spectroscopy of single functional erythrocytes. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2003; 8:173-178. [PMID: 12683842 DOI: 10.1117/1.1559730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2002] [Revised: 09/11/2002] [Accepted: 10/07/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) in single erythrocytes (red blood cells), adsorbed on polylysine-coated glass surfaces, was studied using resonance Raman spectroscopy and global Raman imaging. The erythrocytes were found to be sensitive to both surface adsorption and laser illumination. Substrate-dependent changes of the cell membrane shape were observed immediately after cell adsorption, while a photo-induced increase of fluorescence was observed for visible excitation (lambda=514.5 nm). Concurrent changes in Raman spectra revealed a conversion of oxy-Hb (2+) to the inactive met-Hb state (3+). These effects severely complicate the interpretation of Raman images. However, at a low accumulated photon dose, the preparation method enabled the recording of Raman spectra during the oxygenation cycle of a single erythrocyte in buffer, which illustrates the feasibility of Raman investigations of functional cells in in-vivo environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Ramser
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Hanlon EB, Manoharan R, Koo TW, Shafer KE, Motz JT, Fitzmaurice M, Kramer JR, Itzkan I, Dasari RR, Feld MS. Prospects for in vivo Raman spectroscopy. Phys Med Biol 2000; 45:R1-59. [PMID: 10701500 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/45/2/201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a potentially important clinical tool for real-time diagnosis of disease and in situ evaluation of living tissue. The purpose of this article is to review the biological and physical basis of Raman spectroscopy of tissue, to assess the current status of the field and to explore future directions. The principles of Raman spectroscopy and the molecular level information it provides are explained. An overview of the evolution of Raman spectroscopic techniques in biology and medicine, from early investigations using visible laser excitation to present-day technology based on near-infrared laser excitation and charge-coupled device array detection, is presented. State-of-the-art Raman spectrometer systems for research laboratory and clinical settings are described. Modern methods of multivariate spectral analysis for extracting diagnostic, chemical and morphological information are reviewed. Several in-depth applications are presented to illustrate the methods of collecting, processing and analysing data, as well as the range of medical applications under study. Finally, the issues to be addressed in implementing Raman spectroscopy in various clinical applications, as well as some long-term directions for future study, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E B Hanlon
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, George R Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
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