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Peng J, Liu W, Tang S, Zou S, Zhu Y, Cheng H, Wang Y, Streit WR, Chen Z, Zhou H. Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel GH113 β-mannanase from acid mine drainage metagenome. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2023.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Enzymatic Conversion of Different Qualities of Refined Softwood Hemicellulose Recovered from Spent Sulfite Liquor. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103207. [PMID: 35630684 PMCID: PMC9143570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spent sulfite liquor (SSL) from softwood processing is rich in hemicellulose (acetyl galactoglucomannan, AcGGM), lignin, and lignin-derived compounds. We investigated the effect of sequential AcGGM purification on the enzymatic bioconversion of AcGGM. SSL was processed through three consecutive purification steps (membrane filtration, precipitation, and adsorption) to obtain AcGGM with increasing purity. Significant reduction (~99%) in lignin content and modest loss (~18%) of polysaccharides was observed during purification from the least pure preparation (UFR), obtained by membrane filtration, compared to the purest preparation (AD), obtained by adsorption. AcGGM (~14.5 kDa) was the major polysaccharide in the preparations; its enzymatic hydrolysis was assessed by reducing sugar and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography analysis. The hydrolysis of the UFR preparation with Viscozyme L or Trichoderma reesei β-mannanase TrMan5A (1 mg/mL) resulted in less than ~50% bioconversion of AcGGM. The AcGGM in the AD preparation was hydrolyzed to a higher degree (~67% with TrMan5A and 80% with Viscozyme L) and showed the highest conversion rate. This indicates that SSL contains enzyme-inhibitory compounds (e.g., lignin and lignin-derived compounds such as lignosulfonates) which were successfully removed.
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Transglycosylation by β-mannanase TrMan5A variants and enzyme synergy for synthesis of allyl glycosides from galactomannan. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Erkan SB, Ozcan A, Yilmazer C, Gurler HN, Karahalil E, Germec M, Yatmaz E, Kucukcetin A, Turhan I. The effects of mannanase activity on viscosity in different gums. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selime Benemir Erkan
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Ali Ozcan
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Cansu Yilmazer
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Hilal Nur Gurler
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Ercan Karahalil
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Mustafa Germec
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Ercan Yatmaz
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
- Göynük Culinary Arts Vocational School Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kucukcetin
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | - Irfan Turhan
- Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
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Rangel Pedersen N, Tovborg M, Soleimani Farjam A, Della Pia EA. Multicomponent carbohydrase system from Trichoderma reesei: A toolbox to address complexity of cell walls of plant substrates in animal feed. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251556. [PMID: 34086701 PMCID: PMC8177525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A diverse range of monocot and dicot grains and their by-products are commonly used in the animal feed industry. They all come with complex and variable cell wall structures which in turn contribute significant fiber to the complete feed. The cell wall is a highly interconnected matrix of various polysaccharides, proteins and lignin and, as such, requires a collaborative effort of different enzymes for its degradation. In this regard, we investigated the potential of a commercial multicomponent carbohydrase product from a wild type fermentation of Trichoderma reesei (T. reesei) (RONOZYME® MultiGrain) in degrading cell wall components of wheat, barley, rye, de-oiled rice bran, sunflower, rapeseed and cassava. A total of thirty-one different enzyme proteins were identified in the T. Reesei carbohydrase product using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS including glycosyl hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases. As measured by in vitro incubations and non-starch polysaccharide component analysis, and visualization by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy imaging of immuno-labeled samples with confocal microscopy, the carbohydrase product effectively solubilized cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all the feed ingredients evaluated. The T. reesei fermentation also decreased viscosity of arabinoxylan, xyloglucan, galactomannan and β-glucan substrates. Combination of several debranching enzymes including arabinofuranosidase, xylosidase, α-galactosidase, acetyl xylan esterase, and 4-O-methyl-glucuronoyl methylesterase with both GH10 and GH11 xylanases in the carbohydrase product resulted in effective hydrolyzation of heavily branched glucuronoarabinoxylans. The different β-glucanases (both endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase and endo-β-1,3-glucanase), cellulases and a β-glucosidase in the T. reesei fermentation effectively reduced polymerization of both β-glucans and cellulose polysaccharides of viscous cereals grains (wheat, barley, rye and oat). Interestingly, the secretome of T. reesei contained significant amounts of an exceptional direct chain-cutting enzyme from the GH74 family (Cel74A, xyloglucan-specific β-1,4-endoglucanase), that strictly cleaves the xyloglucan backbone at the substituted regions. Here, we demonstrated that the balance of enzymes present in the T. reesei secretome is capable of degrading various cell wall components in both monocot and dicot plant raw material used as animal feed.
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β-Mannanase Production Using Coffee Industry Waste for Application in Soluble Coffee Processing. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020227. [PMID: 32033042 PMCID: PMC7072339 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble coffee offers the combined benefits of high added value and practicality for its consumers. The hydrolysis of coffee polysaccharides by the biochemical route, using enzymes, is an eco-friendly and sustainable way to improve the quality of this product, while contributing to the implementation of industrial processes that have lower energy requirements and can reduce environmental impacts. This work describes the production of hydrolytic enzymes by solid-state fermentation (SSF), cultivating filamentous fungi on waste from the coffee industry, followed by their application in the hydrolysis of waste coffee polysaccharides from soluble coffee processing. Different substrate compositions were studied, an ideal microorganism was selected, and the fermentation conditions were optimized. Cultivations for enzymes production were carried out in flasks and in a packed-bed bioreactor. Higher enzyme yield was achieved in the bioreactor, due to better aeration of the substrate. The best β-mannanase production results were found for a substrate composed of a mixture of coffee waste and wheat bran (1:1 w/w), using Aspergillus niger F12. The enzymatic extract proved to be very stable for 24 h, at 50 °C, and was able to hydrolyze a considerable amount of the carbohydrates in the coffee. The addition of a commercial cellulase cocktail to the crude extract increased the hydrolysis yield by 56%. The production of β-mannanase by SSF and its application in the hydrolysis of coffee polysaccharides showed promise for improving soluble coffee processing, offering an attractive way to assist in closing the loops in the coffee industry and creating a circular economy.
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A novel thermophilic β-mannanase with broad-range pH stability from Lichtheimia ramosa and its synergistic effect with α-galactosidase on hydrolyzing palm kernel meal. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Bågenholm V, Wiemann M, Reddy SK, Bhattacharya A, Rosengren A, Logan DT, Stålbrand H. A surface-exposed GH26 β-mannanase from Bacteroides ovatus: Structure, role, and phylogenetic analysis of BoMan26B. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:9100-9117. [PMID: 31000630 PMCID: PMC6556568 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The galactomannan utilization locus (BoManPUL) of the human gut bacterium Bacteroides ovatus encodes BoMan26B, a cell-surface–exposed endomannanase whose functional and structural features have been unclear. Our study now places BoMan26B in context with related enzymes and reveals the structural basis for its specificity. BoMan26B prefers longer substrates and is less restricted by galactose side-groups than the mannanase BoMan26A of the same locus. Using galactomannan, BoMan26B generated a mixture of (galactosyl) manno-oligosaccharides shorter than mannohexaose. Three defined manno-oligosaccharides had affinity for the SusD-like surface–exposed glycan-binding protein, predicted to be implicated in saccharide transport. Co-incubation of BoMan26B and the periplasmic α-galactosidase BoGal36A increased the rate of galactose release by about 10-fold compared with the rate without BoMan26B. The results suggested that BoMan26B performs the initial attack on galactomannan, generating oligosaccharides that after transport to the periplasm are processed by BoGal36A. A crystal structure of BoMan26B with galactosyl-mannotetraose bound in subsites −5 to −2 revealed an open and long active-site cleft with Trp-112 in subsite −5 concluded to be involved in mannosyl interaction. Moreover, Lys-149 in the −4 subsite interacted with the galactosyl side-group of the ligand. A phylogenetic tree consisting of GH26 enzymes revealed four strictly conserved GH26 residues and disclosed that BoMan26A and BoMan26B reside on two distinct phylogenetic branches (A and B). The three other branches contain lichenases, xylanases, or enzymes with unknown activities. Lys-149 is conserved in a narrow part of branch B, and Trp-112 is conserved in a wider group within branch B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Bågenholm
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden and
| | - Mathias Wiemann
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden and
| | - Sumitha K Reddy
- the Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7015, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Abhishek Bhattacharya
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden and
| | - Anna Rosengren
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden and
| | - Derek T Logan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden and
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden and
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Wernersson S, Bågenholm V, Persson C, Upadhyay SK, Stålbrand H, Akke M. Backbone 1H, 13C, and 15N resonance assignments of BoMan26A, a β-mannanase of the glycoside hydrolase family 26 from the human gut bacterium Bacteroides ovatus. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2019; 13:213-218. [PMID: 30734154 PMCID: PMC6439179 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-019-09879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacteroides ovatus is a member of the human gut microbiota. The importance of this microbial consortium involves the degradation of complex dietary glycans mainly conferred by glycoside hydrolases. In this study we focus on one such catabolic glycoside hydrolase from B. ovatus. The enzyme, termed BoMan26A, is a β-mannanase that takes part in the hydrolytic degradation of galactomannans. The crystal structure of BoMan26A has previously been determined to reveal a TIM-barrel like fold, but the relation between the protein structure and the mode of substrate processing has not yet been studied. Here we report residue-specific assignments for 95% of the 344 backbone amides of BoMan26A. The assignments form the basis for future studies of the relationship between substrate interactions and protein dynamics. In particular, the potential role of loops adjacent to glycan binding sites is of interest for such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Wernersson
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Viktoria Bågenholm
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Persson
- The Swedish NMR Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Santosh Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikael Akke
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Vujanovic V, Kim SH, Lahlali R, Karunakaran C. Spectroscopy and SEM imaging reveal endosymbiont-dependent components changes in germinating kernel through direct and indirect coleorhiza-fungus interactions under stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1665. [PMID: 30733451 PMCID: PMC6367502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, FTIR spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging was introduced as a non-destructive, sensitive-reliable tool for assessing the tripartite kernel-fungal endophyte environment interaction. Composition of coleorhizae of Triticum durum was studied under ambient and drought stress conditions. The OH-stretch IR absorption spectrum suggests that the water-deficit was possibly improved or moderated by kernel's endophytic partner. The OH-stretch frequency pattern coincides with other (growth and stress) related molecular changes. Analysis of lipid (3100-2800 cm-1) and protein (1700-1550 cm-1) regions seems to demonstrate that drought has a positive impact on lipids. The fungal endosymbiont direct contact with kernel during germination had highest effect on both lipid and protein (Amide I and II) groups, indicating an increased stress resistance in inoculated kernel. Compared to the indirect kernel-fungus interaction and to non-treated kernels (control), direct interaction produced highest effect on lipids. Among treatments, the fingerprint region (1800-800 cm-1) and SEM images indicated an important shift in glucose oligosaccharides, possibly linked to coleorhiza-polymer layer disappearance. Acquired differentiation in coleorhiza composition of T. durum, between ambient and drought conditions, suggests that FTIR spectroscopy could be a promising tool for studying endosymbiont-plant interactions within a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Vujanovic
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Seon Hwa Kim
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 2V3, Canada
- Department of Crop Protection, Phytopathology Unit, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BP/S 40, Meknès, 50001, Morocco
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Kont R, Pihlajaniemi V, Borisova AS, Aro N, Marjamaa K, Loogen J, Büchs J, Eijsink VGH, Kruus K, Väljamäe P. The liquid fraction from hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat straw provides lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases with both electrons and H 2O 2 co-substrate. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:235. [PMID: 31624497 PMCID: PMC6781412 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzyme-aided valorization of lignocellulose represents a green and sustainable alternative to the traditional chemical industry. The recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are important components of the state-of-the art enzyme cocktails for cellulose conversion. Yet, these monocopper enzymes are poorly characterized in terms of their kinetics, as exemplified by the growing evidence for that H2O2 may be a more efficient co-substrate for LPMOs than O2. LPMOs need external electron donors and one key question of relevance for bioprocess development is whether the required reducing power may be provided by the lignocellulosic substrate. RESULTS Here, we show that the liquid fraction (LF) resulting from hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat straw supports LPMO activity on both chitin and cellulose. The initial, transient activity burst of the LPMO reaction was caused by the H2O2 present in the LF before addition of LPMO, while the steady-state rate of LPMO reaction was limited by the LPMO-independent production of H2O2 in the LF. H2O2 is an intermediate of LF oxidation as evidenced by a slow H2O2 accumulation in LF, despite high H2O2 production rates. This H2O2 scavenging ability of LF is important since high concentrations of H2O2 may lead to irreversible inactivation of LPMOs. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the growing understanding that fine-tuned control over the rates of H2O2 production and consumption in different, enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions is essential for harnessing the full catalytic potential of LPMOs in lignocellulose valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riin Kont
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Nina Aro
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland
| | - Kaisa Marjamaa
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland
| | - Judith Loogen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- Department of Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Kristiina Kruus
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland
| | - Priit Väljamäe
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Ueda M, Hirano Y, Fukuhara H, Naka Y, Nakazawa M, Sakamoto T, Ogata Y, Tamada T. Gene cloning, expression, and X-ray crystallographic analysis of a β-mannanase from Eisenia fetida. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 117:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Suzuki K, Michikawa M, Sato H, Yuki M, Kamino K, Ogasawara W, Fushinobu S, Kaneko S. Purification, Cloning, Functional Expression, Structure, and Characterization of a Thermostable β-Mannanase from Talaromyces trachyspermus B168 and Its Efficiency in Production of Mannooligosaccharides from Coffee Wastes. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2018; 65:13-21. [PMID: 34354508 PMCID: PMC8056896 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2017_018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly thermostable β-mannanase, belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 7, was purified from the culture supernatant of Talaromyces trachyspermus B168 and the cDNA of its transcript was cloned. The recombinant enzyme showed maximal activity at pH 4.5 and 85 °C. It retained more than 90 % of its activity below 60 °C. Obtaining the crystal structure of the enzyme helped us to understand the mechanism of its thermostability. An antiparallel β-sheet, salt-bridges, hydrophobic packing, proline residues in the loops, and loop shortening are considered to be related to the thermostability of the enzyme. The enzyme hydrolyzed mannans such as locust bean gum, carob galactomannan, guar gum, konjac glucomannan, and ivory nut mannan. It hydrolyzed 50.7 % of the total mannans from coffee waste, producing mannooligosaccharides. The enzyme has the highest optimum temperature among the known fungal β-mannanases and has potential for use in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mari Michikawa
- 2 Food Biotechnology Division, National Food Research Institute
| | - Haruna Sato
- 3 Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Masahiro Yuki
- 3 Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Kei Kamino
- 4 Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation
| | - Wataru Ogasawara
- 3 Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | | | - Satoshi Kaneko
- 2 Food Biotechnology Division, National Food Research Institute.,5 Department of Subtropical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
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Ma L, Ma Q, Cai R, Zong Z, Du L, Guo G, Zhang Y, Xiao D. Effect of β-mannanase domain from Trichoderma reesei on its biochemical characters and synergistic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2540-2547. [PMID: 29028116 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-mannanase is a key enzyme for hydrolyzing mannan, a major constituent of hemicellulose, which is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature. Different structural domains greatly affect its biochemical characters and catalytic efficiency. However, the effects of linker and carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) on β-mannanase from Trichoderma reesei (Man1) have not yet been fully described. The present study aimed to determine the influence of different domains on the expression efficiency, biochemical characteristics and hemicellulosic deconstruction of Man1. RESULTS The expression efficiency was improved after truncating CBM. Activities of Man1 and Man1ΔCBM (CBM) in the culture supernatant after 168 h of induction were 34.5 and 42.9 IU mL-1 , although a value of only 0.36 IU mL-1 was detected for Man1ΔLCBM (lacking CBM and linker). Man1 showed higher thermostability than Man1ΔCBM at low temperature, whereas Man1ΔCBM had a higher specificity for galactomannan (Km = 2.5 mg mL-1 ) than Man1 (Km = 4.0 mg mL-1 ). Both Man1 and Man1ΔCBM could synergistically improve the hydrolysis of cellulose, galactomannan and pretreated sugarcane bagasse, with a 10-30% improvement of the reducing sugar yield. CONCLUSION Linker and CBM domains were vital for mannanase activity and expression efficiency. CBM affected the thermostability and adsorption ability of Man1. The results obtained in the present study should help guide the rational design and directional modification of Man with respect to improving its catalytic efficiency. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyou Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Gaojie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongguang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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β-Mannanase-catalyzed synthesis of alkyl mannooligosides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5149-5163. [PMID: 29680901 PMCID: PMC5959982 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
β-Mannanases catalyze the conversion and modification of β-mannans and may, in addition to hydrolysis, also be capable of transglycosylation which can result in enzymatic synthesis of novel glycoconjugates. Using alcohols as glycosyl acceptors (alcoholysis), β-mannanases can potentially be used to synthesize alkyl glycosides, biodegradable surfactants, from renewable β-mannans. In this paper, we investigate the synthesis of alkyl mannooligosides using glycoside hydrolase family 5 β-mannanases from the fungi Trichoderma reesei (TrMan5A and TrMan5A-R171K) and Aspergillus nidulans (AnMan5C). To evaluate β-mannanase alcoholysis capacity, a novel mass spectrometry-based method was developed that allows for relative comparison of the formation of alcoholysis products using different enzymes or reaction conditions. Differences in alcoholysis capacity and potential secondary hydrolysis of alkyl mannooligosides were observed when comparing alcoholysis catalyzed by the three β-mannanases using methanol or 1-hexanol as acceptor. Among the three β-mannanases studied, TrMan5A was the most efficient in producing hexyl mannooligosides with 1-hexanol as acceptor. Hexyl mannooligosides were synthesized using TrMan5A and purified using high-performance liquid chromatography. The data suggests a high selectivity of TrMan5A for 1-hexanol as acceptor over water. The synthesized hexyl mannooligosides were structurally characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance, with results in agreement with their predicted β-conformation. The surfactant properties of the synthesized hexyl mannooligosides were evaluated using tensiometry, showing that they have similar micelle-forming properties as commercially available hexyl glucosides. The present paper demonstrates the possibility of using β-mannanases for alkyl glycoside synthesis and increases the potential utilization of renewable β-mannans.
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Prajapati BP, Kumar Suryawanshi R, Agrawal S, Ghosh M, Kango N. Characterization of cellulase from Aspergillus tubingensis NKBP-55 for generation of fermentable sugars from agricultural residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:733-740. [PMID: 29223094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to characterize cellulase from Aspergillus tubingensis NKBP-55 for generation of fermentable sugars from agricultural residues. The strain produced high titres of cellulase (750 U/gds) on copra meal in solid state fermentation (SSF). The enzyme preparation also showed hemicellulolytic activities (U/gds) viz. endo-mannanase (1023), endo-xylanase (167), β-glucosidase (72) and α-galactosidase (54). Zymography revealed presence of six cellulases, six mannanases and one β-glucosidase. It effectively degraded sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and rice straw (RS) releasing xylose, glucose and cellobiose. One cellulase (Cat 1, Mr ∼65 kDa) was purified and characterized. It retained more than 50% activity at 70 °C after 150 mins and its activity was enhanced in the presence of Mn2+ ions (130%) and β-mercaptoethanol (140%). FTIR and 13C CP/MAS NMR analysis of the enzyme treated SCB and RS revealed degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, while 1H and 13C liquid state NMR experiments confirmed release of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Pratap Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Suryawanshi
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Sarika Agrawal
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Manasi Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP 470003, India.
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Rahmani N, Kashiwagi N, Lee J, Niimi-Nakamura S, Matsumoto H, Kahar P, Lisdiyanti P, Yopi, Prasetya B, Ogino C, Kondo A. Mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase from Kitasatospora sp. isolated in Indonesia and its potential for production of mannooligosaccharides from mannan polymers. AMB Express 2017; 7:100. [PMID: 28532122 PMCID: PMC5438323 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase (commonly known as β-mannanase) catalyzes a random cleavage of the β-D-1,4-mannopyranosyl linkage in mannan polymers. The enzyme has been utilized in biofuel production from lignocellulose biomass, as well as in production of mannooligosaccharides (MOS) for applications in feed and food industries. We aimed to obtain a β-mannanase, for such mannan polymer utilization, from actinomycetes strains isolated in Indonesia. Strains exhibiting high mannanase activity were screened, and one strain belonging to the genus Kitasatospora was selected. We obtained a β-mannanase from this strain, and an amino acid sequence of this Kitasatospora β-mannanase showed a 58-71% similarity with the amino acid sequences of Streptomyces β-mannanases. The Kitasatospora β-mannanase showed a significant level of activity (944 U/mg) against locust bean gum (0.5% w/v) and a potential for oligosaccharide production from various mannan polymers. The β-mannanase might be beneficial particularly in the enzymatic production of MOS for applications of mannan utilization.
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Regmi S, Yoo HY, Choi YH, Choi YS, Yoo JC, Kim SW. Prospects for Bio-Industrial Application of an Extremely Alkaline Mannanase FromBacillus subtilissubsp.inaquosorumCSB31. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Regmi
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University; 309, Pilmun-daero Dong-Gu Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Hah Y. Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University; 20, Hongjimun 2-Gil Jongno-Gu Seoul 03016 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun H. Choi
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University; 309, Pilmun-daero Dong-Gu Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon S. Choi
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University; 309, Pilmun-daero Dong-Gu Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin C. Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University; 309, Pilmun-daero Dong-Gu Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung W. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University; 145, Anam-Ro Seongbuk-Gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
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Aziz NFHA, Abbasiliasi S, Ng HS, Phapugrangkul P, Bakar MHA, Tam YJ, Tan JS. Purification of β -mannanase derived from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 using ionic liquid as adjuvant in aqueous two-phase system. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1055-1056:104-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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YaPing W, Ben R, Ling Z, Lixin M. High-level expression of two thermophilic β-mannanases in Yarrowialipolytica. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 133:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chylenski P, Forsberg Z, Ståhlberg J, Várnai A, Lersch M, Bengtsson O, Sæbø S, Horn SJ, Eijsink VGH. Development of minimal enzyme cocktails for hydrolysis of sulfite-pulped lignocellulosic biomass. J Biotechnol 2017; 246:16-23. [PMID: 28219736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent progress, saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass is still a major cost driver in biorefining. In this study, we present the development of minimal enzyme cocktails for hydrolysis of Norway spruce and sugarcane bagasse, which were pretreated using the so-called BALI™ process, which is based on sulfite pulping technology. Minimal enzyme cocktails were composed using several glycoside hydrolases purified from the industrially relevant filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei and a purified commercial β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger. The contribution of in-house expressed lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) was also tested, since oxidative cleavage of cellulose by such LPMOs is known to be beneficial for conversion efficiency. We show that the optimized cocktails permit efficient saccharification at reasonable enzyme loadings and that the effect of the LPMOs is substrate-dependent. Using a cocktail comprising only four enzymes, glucan conversion for Norway spruce reached >80% at enzyme loadings of 8mg/g glucan, whereas almost 100% conversion was achieved at 16mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Chylenski
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Zarah Forsberg
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Jerry Ståhlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Solve Sæbø
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Svein Jarle Horn
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway.
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Sakai K, Mochizuki M, Yamada M, Shinzawa Y, Minezawa M, Kimoto S, Murata S, Kaneko Y, Ishihara S, Jindou S, Kobayashi T, Kato M, Shimizu M. Biochemical characterization of thermostable β-1,4-mannanase belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 134 from Aspergillus oryzae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3237-3245. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rastogi S, Soni R, Kaur J, Soni SK. Unravelling the capability of Pyrenophora phaeocomes S-1 for the production of ligno-hemicellulolytic enzyme cocktail and simultaneous bio-delignification of rice straw for enhanced enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:458-469. [PMID: 27756023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A natural variant of Pyrenophora phaeocomes isolated from natural biodiversity was able to grow on various agricultural residues by co-producing laccase, xylanase and mannanase. Solid state fermentation of rice straw induced the highest productivities corresponding to 10,859.51±46.74, 22.01±1.00 and 10.45±0.128IUgds-1 for laccase, xylanase and mannanase respectively after 4days. Besides producing the ligno-hemicellulolytic enzyme cocktail, 40days cultivation of P. phaeocomes S-1 on rice straw brought about the 63 and 51% degradation of lignin and hemicellulose. These components were further removed with mild alkali extraction revealing the overall losses amounting to 78 and 60% respectively for lignin, and hemicellulose. The biologically pretreated straw upon enzymatic hydrolysis revealed 50% saccharification efficiency releasing 470mgg-1 sugars. Application of this knowledge will lead to efficient management of waste rice straw with low cost production of industrially important enzymes cocktail and its biological delignification for effective enzymatic hydrolysis to free sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Rastogi
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Raman Soni
- Department of Biotechnology, D.A.V. College, Chandigarh 160011, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Soni
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Navidshad B, Liang J, Jahromi M, Akhlaghi A, Abdullah N. Effects of enzymatic treatment and shell content of palm kernel expeller meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, and ileal bacterial population in broiler chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2016. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfw029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Bågenholm V, Reddy SK, Bouraoui H, Morrill J, Kulcinskaja E, Bahr CM, Aurelius O, Rogers T, Xiao Y, Logan DT, Martens EC, Koropatkin NM, Stålbrand H. Galactomannan Catabolism Conferred by a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus of Bacteroides ovatus: ENZYME SYNERGY AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A β-MANNANASE. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:229-243. [PMID: 27872187 PMCID: PMC5217682 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently identified polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) from Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 8483 is transcriptionally up-regulated during growth on galacto- and glucomannans. It encodes two glycoside hydrolase family 26 (GH26) β-mannanases, BoMan26A and BoMan26B, and a GH36 α-galactosidase, BoGal36A. The PUL also includes two glycan-binding proteins, confirmed by β-mannan affinity electrophoresis. When this PUL was deleted, B. ovatus was no longer able to grow on locust bean galactomannan. BoMan26A primarily formed mannobiose from mannan polysaccharides. BoMan26B had higher activity on galactomannan with a high degree of galactosyl substitution and was shown to be endo-acting generating a more diverse mixture of oligosaccharides, including mannobiose. Of the two β-mannanases, only BoMan26B hydrolyzed galactoglucomannan. A crystal structure of BoMan26A revealed a similar structure to the exo-mannobiohydrolase CjMan26C from Cellvibrio japonicus, with a conserved glycone region (−1 and −2 subsites), including a conserved loop closing the active site beyond subsite −2. Analysis of cellular location by immunolabeling and fluorescence microscopy suggests that BoMan26B is surface-exposed and associated with the outer membrane, although BoMan26A and BoGal36A are likely periplasmic. In light of the cellular location and the biochemical properties of the two characterized β-mannanases, we propose a scheme of sequential action by the glycoside hydrolases encoded by the β-mannan PUL and involved in the β-mannan utilization pathway in B. ovatus. The outer membrane-associated BoMan26B initially acts on the polysaccharide galactomannan, producing comparably large oligosaccharide fragments. Galactomanno-oligosaccharides are further processed in the periplasm, degalactosylated by BoGal36A, and subsequently hydrolyzed into mainly mannobiose by the β-mannanase BoMan26A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Bågenholm
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Sumitha K Reddy
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Hanene Bouraoui
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Johan Morrill
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Evelina Kulcinskaja
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Constance M Bahr
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Oskar Aurelius
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Theresa Rogers
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Yao Xiao
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Derek T Logan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
| | - Eric C Martens
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Nicole M Koropatkin
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University P. O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden and
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Ahirwar S, Soni H, Rawat HK, Ganaie MA, Pranaw K, Kango N. Production optimization and functional characterization of thermostable β-mannanase from Malbranchea cinnamomea NFCCI 3724 and its applicability in mannotetraose (M4) generation. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Biochemical characterization of an acidophilic β-mannanase from Gloeophyllum trabeum CBS900.73 with significant transglycosylation activity and feed digesting ability. Food Chem 2016; 197:474-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Replacing a piece of loop-structure in the substrate-binding groove of Aspergillus usamii β-mannanase, AuMan5A, to improve its enzymatic properties by rational design. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:3989-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Morrill J, Kulcinskaja E, Sulewska AM, Lahtinen S, Stålbrand H, Svensson B, Abou Hachem M. The GH5 1,4-β-mannanase from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 possesses a low-affinity mannan-binding module and highlights the diversity of mannanolytic enzymes. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 16:26. [PMID: 26558435 PMCID: PMC4642672 DOI: 10.1186/s12858-015-0055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background β-Mannans are abundant and diverse plant structural and storage polysaccharides. Certain human gut microbiota members including health-promoting Bifidobacterium spp. catabolize dietary mannans. Little insight is available on the enzymology of mannan deconstruction in the gut ecological niche. Here, we report the biochemical properties of the first family 5 subfamily 8 glycoside hydrolase (GH5_8) mannanase from the probiotic bacterium Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 (BlMan5_8). Results BlMan5_8 possesses a novel low affinity carbohydrate binding module (CBM) specific for soluble mannan and displays the highest catalytic efficiency reported to date for a GH5 mannanase owing to a very high kcat (1828 ± 87 s-1) and a low Km (1.58 ± 0.23 g · L-1) using locust bean galactomannan as substrate. The novel CBM of BlMan5_8 mediates increased binding to soluble mannan based on affinity electrophoresis. Surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed the binding of the CBM10 to manno-oligosaccharides, albeit with slightly lower affinity than the catalytic module of the enzyme. This is the first example of a low-affinity mannan-specific CBM, which forms a subfamily of CBM10 together with close homologs present only in mannanases. Members of this new subfamily lack an aromatic residue mediating binding to insoluble cellulose in canonical CBM10 members consistent with the observed low mannan affinity. Conclusion BlMan5_8 is evolved for efficient deconstruction of soluble mannans, which is reflected by an exceptionally low Km and the presence of an atypical low affinity CBM, which increases binding to specifically to soluble mannan while causing minimal decrease in catalytic efficiency as opposed to enzymes with canonical mannan binding modules. These features highlight fine tuning of catalytic and binding properties to support specialization towards a preferred substrate, which is likely to confer an advantage in the adaptation to competitive ecological niches. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12858-015-0055-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Morrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Evelina Kulcinskaja
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Maria Sulewska
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry (EPC), Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Søltofts Plads, building 224, DK-2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.,Current address: Biochemistry and Bioprocessing, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Fredriksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sampo Lahtinen
- Active Nutrition, DuPont Nutrition & Health, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry (EPC), Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Søltofts Plads, building 224, DK-2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maher Abou Hachem
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry (EPC), Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Søltofts Plads, building 224, DK-2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
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Hong SM, Sung HS, Kang MH, Kim CG, Lee YH, Kim DJ, Lee JM, Kusakabe T. Characterization of Cryptopygus antarcticus endo-β-1,4-glucanase from Bombyx mori expression systems. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 56:878-89. [PMID: 24848382 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endo-β-1,4-glucanase (CaCel) from Antarctic springtail, Cryptopygus antarcticus, a cellulase with high activity at low temperature, shows potential industrial use. To obtain sufficient active cellulase for characterization, CaCel gene was expressed in Bombyx mori-baculovirus expression systems. Recombinant CaCel (rCaCel) has been expressed in Escherichia coli (Ec-CaCel) at temperatures below 10°C, but the expression yield was low. Here, rCaCel with a silkworm secretion signal (Bm-CaCel) was successfully expressed and secreted into pupal hemolymph and purified to near 90% purity by Ni-affinity chromatography. The yield and specific activity of rCaCel purified from B. mori were estimated at 31 mg/l and 43.2 U/mg, respectively, which is significantly higher than the CaCel yield obtained from E. coli (0.46 mg/l and 35.8 U/mg). The optimal pH and temperature for the rCaCels purified from E. coli and B. mori were 3.5 and 50°C. Both rCaCels were active at a broad range of pH values and temperatures, and retained more than 30% of their maximal activity at 0°C. Oligosaccharide structural analysis revealed that Bm-CaCel contains elaborated N- and O-linked glycans, whereas Ec-CaCel contains putative O-linked glycans. Thermostability of Bm-CaCel from B. mori at 60°C was higher than that from E. coli, probably due to glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mee Hong
- Research and Development Department, Gyeongbuk Institute for Marine Bioindustry, Uljin, 767-813, Republic of Korea,
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Andberg M, Penttilä M, Saloheimo M. Swollenin from Trichoderma reesei exhibits hydrolytic activity against cellulosic substrates with features of both endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 181:105-13. [PMID: 25643956 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes of Trichoderma reesei comprise one of the best characterised enzyme systems involved in lignocellulose degradation. In this paper, swollenin (SWOI), a protein recognised based on its sequence similarity with plant expansins, has been characterised. SWOI and its catalytic domain were subjected to analysis of their hydrolytic activity on different soluble carbohydrate polymers. By measuring the production of reducing ends, zymogram-, and viscosity analysis, SWOI was shown to have activity on substrates containing β-1,4 glucosidic bonds, i.e. carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and β-glucan. The formation of oligosaccharides from β-glucan was analysed by HPLC and showed cellobiose as the main reaction product. SWOI was also able to hydrolyse soluble cello-oligosaccharides and the products formed were all consistent with SWOI cleaving a cellobiose unit off the substrate. In conclusion, the T. reesei swollenin showed a unique mode of action with similarities with action of both endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Andberg
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland.
| | - Merja Penttilä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland
| | - Markku Saloheimo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland
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Yang H, Shi P, Lu H, Wang H, Luo H, Huang H, Yang P, Yao B. A thermophilic β-mannanase from Neosartorya fischeri P1 with broad pH stability and significant hydrolysis ability of various mannan polymers. Food Chem 2015; 173:283-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Balsamo RA, Kelly WJ, Satrio JA, Ruiz-Felix MN, Fetterman M, Wynn R, Hagel K. Utilization of grasses for potential biofuel production and phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2015; 17:448-55. [PMID: 25495935 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2014.922918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This research focuses on investigating the use of common biofuel grasses to assess their potential as agents of long-term remediation of contaminated soils using lead as a model heavy metal ion. We present evidence demonstrating that switch grass and Timothy grass may be potentially useful for long-term phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils and describe novel techniques to track and remove contaminants from inception to useful product. Enzymatic digestion and thermochemical approaches are being used to convert this lignocellulosic feedstock into useful product (sugars, ethanol, biocrude oil+biochar). Preliminary studies on enzymatic hydrolysis and fast pyrolysis of the Switchgrass materials that were grown in heavy metal contaminated soil and non-contaminated soils show that the presence of lead in the Switchgrass material feedstock does not adversely affect the outcomes of the conversion processes. These results indicate that the modest levels of contaminant uptake allow these grass species to serve as phytoremediation agents as well as feedstocks for biofuel production in areas degraded by industrial pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Balsamo
- a Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , Villanova University , Villanova , PA , USA
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Kallel F, Driss D, Chaabouni SE, Ghorbel R. Biological Activities of Xylooligosaccharides Generated from Garlic Straw Xylan by Purified Xylanase from Bacillus mojavensis UEB-FK. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:950-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Li RK, Chen P, Ng TB, Yang J, Lin J, Yan F, Ye XY. Highly efficient expression and characterization of a β-mannanase fromBacillus subtilisinPichia pastoris. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 62:64-70. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Kuan Li
- College of Biological Science and Technology; Fuzhou University; Fujian People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Enzyme Expression; Fuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Enzyme Expression; Fuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Biological Science and Technology; Fuzhou University; Fujian People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Enzyme Expression; Fuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lin
- College of Biological Science and Technology; Fuzhou University; Fujian People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Enzyme Expression; Fuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Yan
- College of Biological Science and Technology; Fuzhou University; Fujian People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Enzyme Expression; Fuzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Yun Ye
- College of Biological Science and Technology; Fuzhou University; Fujian People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficient Enzyme Expression; Fuzhou People's Republic of China
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Biochemical characterization of a thermophilic β-mannanase from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 with high specific activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:1217-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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An Aspergillus nidulans β-mannanase with high transglycosylation capacity revealed through comparative studies within glycosidase family 5. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:10091-104. [PMID: 24950755 PMCID: PMC4237917 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
β-Mannanases are involved in the conversion and modification of mannan-based saccharides. Using a retaining mechanism, they can, in addition to hydrolysis, also potentially perform transglycosylation reactions, synthesizing new glyco-conjugates. Transglycosylation has been reported for β-mannanases in GH5 and GH113. However, although they share the same fold and catalytic mechanism, there may be differences in the enzymes’ ability to perform transglycosylation. Three GH5 β-mannanases from Aspergillus nidulans, AnMan5A, AnMan5B and AnMan5C, which belong to subfamily GH5_7 were studied. Comparative studies, including the GH5_7 TrMan5A from Trichoderma reesei, showed some differences between the enzymes. All the enzymes could perform transglycosylation but AnMan5B stood out in generating comparably higher amounts of transglycosylation products when incubated with manno-oligosaccharides. In addition, AnMan5B did not use alcohols as acceptor, which was also different compared to the other three β-mannanases. In order to map the preferred binding of manno-oligosaccharides, incubations were performed in H218O. AnMan5B in contrary to the other enzymes did not generate any 18O-labelled products. This further supported the idea that AnMan5B potentially prefers to use saccharides as acceptor instead of water. A homology model of AnMan5B showed a non-conserved Trp located in subsite +2, not present in the other studied enzymes. Strong aglycone binding seems to be important for transglycosylation with saccharides. Depending on the application, it is important to select the right enzyme.
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Hakamada Y, Ohkubo Y, Ohashi S. Purification and characterization of β-mannanase from Reinekea sp. KIT-YO10 with transglycosylation activity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:722-8. [PMID: 25036974 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.895658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Marine bacterium Reinekea sp. KIT-YO10 was isolated from the seashore of Kanazawa Port in Japan as a seaweed-degrading bacterium. Homology between KIT-YO10 16S rDNA and the 16S rDNA of Reinekea blandensis and Reinekea marinisedimentorum was 96.4 and 95.4%, respectively. Endo-1,4-β-D-mannanase (β-mannanase, EC 3.2.1.78) from Reinekea sp. KIT-YO10 was purified 29.4-fold to a 21% yield using anion exchange chromatography. The purified enzyme had a molecular mass of 44.3 kDa, as estimated by SDS-PAGE. Furthermore, the purified enzyme displayed high specificity for konjac glucomannan, with no secondary agarase and arginase activity detected. Hydrolysis of konjac glucomannan and locust bean gum yielded oligosaccharides, compatible with an endo mode of substrate depolymerization. The purified enzyme possessed transglycosylation activity when mannooligosaccharides (mannotriose or mannotetraose) were used as substrates. Optimal pH and temperature were determined to be 8.0 and 70 °C, respectively. It showed thermostability at temperatures from 20 to 50 °C and alkaline stability up to pH 10.0. The current enzyme was thermostable and thermophile compared to the β-mannanase of other marine bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Hakamada
- a Department of Applied Bioscience , College of Bioscience and Chemistry, Kanazawa Institute of Technology , Ishikawa , Japan
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Wang Y, Vilaplana F, Brumer H, Aspeborg H. Enzymatic characterization of a glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 7 (GH5_7) mannanase from Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTA 2014; 239:653-65. [PMID: 24327260 PMCID: PMC3928506 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-2005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Each plant genome contains a repertoire of β-mannanase genes belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 7 (GH5_7), putatively involved in the degradation and modification of various plant mannan polysaccharides, but very few have been characterized at the gene product level. The current study presents recombinant production and in vitro characterization of AtMan5-1 as a first step towards the exploration of the catalytic capacity of Arabidopsis thaliana β-mannanase. The target enzyme was expressed in both E. coli (AtMan5-1e) and P. pastoris (AtMan5-1p). The main difference between the two forms was a higher observed thermal stability for AtMan5-1p, presumably due to glycosylation of that particular variant. AtMan5-1 displayed optimal activity at pH 5 and 35 °C and hydrolyzed polymeric carob galactomannan, konjac glucomannan, and spruce galactoglucomannan as well as oligomeric mannopentaose and mannohexaose. However, the galactose-rich and highly branched guar gum was not as efficiently degraded. AtMan5-1 activity was enhanced by Co(2+) and inhibited by Mn(2+). The catalytic efficiency values for carob galactomannan were 426.8 and 368.1 min(-1) mg(-1) mL for AtMan5-1e and AtMan5-1p, respectively. Product analysis of AtMan5-1p suggested that at least five substrate-binding sites were required for manno-oligosaccharide hydrolysis, and that the enzyme also can act as a transglycosylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harry Brumer
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Henrik Aspeborg
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang J, Zeng D, Liu G, Wang S, Yu S. Truncation of a mannanase from Trichoderma harzianum improves its enzymatic properties and expression efficiency in Trichoderma reesei. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 41:125-33. [PMID: 24162722 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To obtain high expression efficiency of a mannanase gene, ThMan5A, cloned from Trichoderma harzianum MGQ2, both the full-length gene and a truncated gene (ThMan5AΔCBM) that contains only the catalytic domain, were expressed in Trichoderma reesei QM9414 using the strong constitutive promoter of the gene encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc), and purified to homogeneity, respectively. We found that truncation of the gene improved its expression efficiency as well as the enzymatic properties of the encoded protein. The recombinant strain expressing ThMan5AΔCBM produced 2,460 ± 45.1 U/ml of mannanase activity in the culture supernatant; 2.3-fold higher than when expressing the full-length ThMan5A gene. In addition, the truncated mannanase had superior thermostability compared with the full-length enzyme and retained 100 % of its activity after incubation at 60 °C for 48 h. Our results clearly show that the truncated ThMan5A enzyme exhibited improved characteristics both in expression efficiency and in its thermal stability. These characteristics suggest that ThMan5AΔCBM has potential applications in the food, feed, paper, and pulp industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China,
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Couturier M, Roussel A, Rosengren A, Leone P, Stålbrand H, Berrin JG. Structural and biochemical analyses of glycoside hydrolase families 5 and 26 β-(1,4)-mannanases from Podospora anserina reveal differences upon manno-oligosaccharide catalysis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:14624-14635. [PMID: 23558681 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.459438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial deconstruction of the plant cell wall is a key biological process that is of increasing importance with the development of a sustainable biofuel industry. The glycoside hydrolase families GH5 (PaMan5A) and GH26 (PaMan26A) endo-β-1,4-mannanases from the coprophilic ascomycete Podospora anserina contribute to the enzymatic degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, P. anserina mannanases were further subjected to detailed comparative analysis of their substrate specificities, active site organization, and transglycosylation capacity. Although PaMan5A displays a classical mode of action, PaMan26A revealed an atypical hydrolysis pattern with the release of mannotetraose and mannose from mannopentaose resulting from a predominant binding mode involving the -4 subsite. The crystal structures of PaMan5A and PaMan26A were solved at 1.4 and 2.85 Å resolution, respectively. Analysis of the PaMan26A structure supported strong interaction with substrate at the -4 subsite mediated by two aromatic residues Trp-244 and Trp-245. The PaMan26A structure appended to its family 35 carbohydrate binding module revealed a short and proline-rich rigid linker that anchored together the catalytic and the binding modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Couturier
- INRA, UMR1163 BCF, Aix Marseille Université, Polytech Marseille, F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Alain Roussel
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7257, F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Anna Rosengren
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Philippe Leone
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS UMR7257, F-13288 Marseille, France
| | - Henrik Stålbrand
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRA, UMR1163 BCF, Aix Marseille Université, Polytech Marseille, F-13288 Marseille, France.
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Enzymatic production and characterization of manno-oligosaccharides from Gleditsia sinensis galactomannan gum. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 55:282-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Petersson K, Nordlund E, Tornberg E, Eliasson AC, Buchert J. Impact of cell wall-degrading enzymes on water-holding capacity and solubility of dietary fibre in rye and wheat bran. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:882-889. [PMID: 22865289 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rye and wheat bran were treated with several xylanases and endoglucanases, and the effects on physicochemical properties such as solubility, viscosity, water-holding capacity and particle size as well as the chemical composition of the soluble and insoluble fractions of the bran were studied. A large number of enzymes with well-defined activities were used. This enabled a comparison between enzymes of different origins and with different activities as well as a comparison between the effects of the enzymes on rye and wheat bran. RESULTS The xylanases derived from Bacillus subtilis were the most effective in solubilising dietary fibre from wheat and rye bran. There was a tendency for a higher degree of degradation of the soluble or solubilised dietary fibre in rye bran than in wheat bran when treated with most of the enzymes. CONCLUSION None of the enzymes increased the water-holding capacity of the bran or the viscosity of the aqueous phase. The content of insoluble material decreased as the dietary fibre was solubilised by the enzymes. The amount of material that may form a network to retain water in the system was thereby decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Petersson
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Várnai A, Siika-aho M, Viikari L. Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) revisited: reduced amount of water counterbalances the need for CBMs. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:30. [PMID: 23442543 PMCID: PMC3599012 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A vast number of organisms are known to produce structurally diversified cellulases capable of degrading cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth. The generally accepted paradigm is that the carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) of cellulases are required for efficient saccharification of insoluble substrates. Based on sequence data, surprisingly more than 60% of the cellulases identified lack carbohydrate-binding modules or alternative protein structures linked to cellulases (dockerins). This finding poses the question about the role of the CBMs: why would most cellulases lack CBMs, if they are necessary for the efficient hydrolysis of cellulose? RESULTS The advantage of CBMs, which increase the affinity of cellulases to substrates, was found to be diminished by reducing the amount of water in the hydrolytic system, which increases the probability of enzyme-substrate interaction. At low substrate concentration (1% w/w), CBMs were found to be more important in the catalytic performance of the cellobiohydrolases TrCel7A and TrCel6A of Trichoderma reesei as compared to that of the endoglucanases TrCel5A and TrCel7B. Increasing the substrate concentration while maintaining the enzyme-to-substrate ratio enhanced adsorption of TrCel7A, independent of the presence of the CBM. At 20% (w/w) substrate concentration, the hydrolytic performance of cellulases without CBMs caught up with that of cellulases with CBMs. This phenomenon was more noticeable on the lignin-containing pretreated wheat straw as compared to the cellulosic Avicel, presumably due to unproductive adsorption of enzymes to lignin. CONCLUSIONS Here we propose that the water content in the natural environments of carbohydrate-degrading organisms might have led to the evolution of various substrate-binding structures. In addition, some well recognized problems of economical saccharification such as unproductive binding of cellulases, which reduces the hydrolysis rate and prevents recycling of enzymes, could be partially overcome by omitting CBMs. This finding could help solve bottlenecks of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses and speed up commercialization of second generation bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Várnai
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Siika-aho
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Liisa Viikari
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Katrolia P, Yan Q, Zhang P, Zhou P, Yang S, Jiang Z. Gene cloning and enzymatic characterization of an alkali-tolerant endo-1,4-β-mannanase from Rhizomucor miehei. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:394-401. [PMID: 23252695 DOI: 10.1021/jf303319h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An endo-1,4-β-mannanase gene (RmMan5A) was cloned from the thermophilic fungus Rhizomucor miehei for the first time and expressed in Escherichia coli . The gene had an open reading frame of 1330 bp encoding 378 amino acids and contained four introns. It displayed the highest amino acid sequence identity (42%) with the endo-1,4-β-mannanases from glycoside hydrolase family 5. The purified enzyme was a monomer of 43 kDa. RmMan5A displayed maximum activity at 55 °C and an optimal pH of 7.0. It was thermostable up to 55 °C and alkali-tolerant, displaying excellent stability over a broad pH range of 4.0-10.0, when incubated for 30 min without substrate. The enzyme displayed the highest specificity for locust bean gum (K(m) = 3.78 mg mL⁻¹), followed by guar gum (K(m) = 7.75 mg mL⁻¹) and konjac powder (K(m) = 22.7 mg mL⁻¹). RmMan5A hydrolyzed locust bean gum and konjac powder yielding mannobiose, mannotriose, and a mixture of various mannose-linked oligosaccharides. It was confirmed to be a true endo-acting β-1,4-mannanase, which showed requirement of four mannose residues for hydrolysis, and was also capable of catalyzing transglycosylation reactions. These properties make RmMan5A highly useful in the food/feed, paper and pulp, and detergent industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Katrolia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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Lu H, Zhang H, Shi P, Luo H, Wang Y, Yang P, Yao B. A family 5 β-mannanase from the thermophilic fungus Thielavia arenaria XZ7 with typical thermophilic enzyme features. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:8121-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Huang JL, Bao LX, Zou HY, Che SG, Wang GX. High-level production of a cold-active B-mannanase from Bacillus subtilis Bs5 and its molecular cloning and expression. MOLECULAR GENETICS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416812040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Expression and characterization of a Bifidobacterium adolescentis beta-mannanase carrying mannan-binding and cell association motifs. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 79:133-40. [PMID: 23064345 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02118-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) BaMan26A from the bacterium Bifidobacterium adolescentis (living in the human gut) was cloned and the gene product characterized. The enzyme was found to be modular and to contain a putative signal peptide. It possesses a catalytic module of the glycoside hydrolase family 26, a predicted immunoglobulin-like module, and two putative carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) of family 23. The enzyme is likely cell attached either by the sortase mechanism (LPXTG motif) or via a C-terminal transmembrane helix. The gene was expressed in Escherichia coli without the native signal peptide or the cell anchor. Two variants were made: one containing all four modules, designated BaMan26A-101K, and one truncated before the CBMs, designated BaMan26A-53K. BaMan26A-101K, which contains the CBMs, showed an affinity to carob galactomannan having a dissociation constant of 0.34 μM (8.8 mg/liter), whereas BaMan26A-53K did not bind, showing that at least one of the putative CBMs of family 23 is mannan binding. For BaMan26A-53K, k(cat) was determined to be 444 s(-1) and K(m) 21.3 g/liter using carob galactomannan as the substrate at the optimal pH of 5.3. Both of the enzyme variants hydrolyzed konjac glucomannan, as well as carob and guar gum galactomannans to a mixture of oligosaccharides. The dominant product from ivory nut mannan was found to be mannotriose. Mannobiose and mannotetraose were produced to a lesser extent, as shown by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. Mannobiose was not hydrolyzed, and mannotriose was hydrolyzed at a significantly lower rate than the longer oligosaccharides.
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