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Mughal A, El Demellawi JK, Chaieb S. Band-gap engineering by molecular mechanical strain-induced giant tuning of the luminescence in colloidal amorphous porous silicon nanostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:25273-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02966f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for producing and tuning the emission of a colloidal dispersion of amorphous porous silicon nanoparticles via controlled oxidation and disorder increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Mughal
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - J. K. El Demellawi
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahraoui Chaieb
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Boonrungsiman S, Fearn S, Gentleman E, Spillane L, Carzaniga R, McComb DW, Stevens MM, Porter AE. Correlative spectroscopy of silicates in mineralised nodules formed from osteoblasts. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:7544-51. [PMID: 23835574 PMCID: PMC5833948 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon supplementation has been shown to play an important role in skeleton development, however, the potential role that silicon plays in mediating bone formation, and an understanding of where it might localise in the resulting bone tissue remain elusive. An improved understanding of these processes could have important implications for treating pathological mineralisation. A key aspect of defining the role of silicon in bone is to characterise its distribution and coordination environment, however, there is currently almost no information available on either. We have combined a sample-preparation method that simultaneously preserved mineral, ions, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) with secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) to examine the distribution and coordination environment of silicon in murine osteoblasts (OBs) in an in vitro model of bone formation. SIMS analysis showed a high level of surface contamination from polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) resulting from sample preparation. When the PDMS was removed, silicon compounds could not be detected within the nodules either by SIMS or by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. In comparison, electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) provided a powerful and potentially widely applicable means to define the coordination environment and localisation of silicon in mineralising tissues. We show that trace levels of silicon were only detectable from the mineral deposits located on the collagen and in the peripheral region of mineralised matrix, possibly the newly mineralised regions of the OB nodules. Taken together our results suggest that silicon plays a biological role in bone formation, however, the precise mechanism by which silicon exerts its physicochemical effects remains uncertain. Our analytical results open the door for compelling new sets of EELS experiments that can provide detailed and specific information about the role that silicates play in bone formation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwimon Boonrungsiman
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Sarah Fearn
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT UK
| | - Liam Spillane
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaella Carzaniga
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- London Research Institute Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, WC2A 3LY
| | - David W. McComb
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- , Tel. 02075949691,
| | - Alexandra E. Porter
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- , Tel. 02075949691,
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Han XD, Zhang YF, Zheng K, Zhang XN, Zhang Z, Hao YJ, Guo XY, Yuan J, Wang ZL. Low-temperature in situ large strain plasticity of ceramic SiC nanowires and its atomic-scale mechanism. NANO LETTERS 2007; 7:452-7. [PMID: 17298014 DOI: 10.1021/nl0627689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Large strain plasticity is phenomenologically defined as the ability of a material to exhibit an exceptionally large deformation rate during mechanical deformation. It is a property that is well established for metals and alloys but is rarely observed for ceramic materials especially at low temperature ( approximately 300 K). With the reduction in dimensionality, however, unusual mechanical properties are shown by ceramic nanomaterials. In this Letter, we demonstrated unusually large strain plasticity of ceramic SiC nanowires (NWs) at temperatures close to room temperature that was directly observed in situ by a novel high-resolution transmission electron microscopy technique. The continuous plasticity of the SiC NWs is accompanied by a process of increased dislocation density at an early stage, followed by an obvious lattice distortion, and finally reaches an entire structure amorphization at the most strained region of the NW. These unusual phenomena for the SiC NWs are fundamentally important for understanding the nanoscale fracture and strain-induced band structure variation for high-temperature semiconductors. Our result may also provide useful information for further studying of nanoscale elastic-plastic and brittle-ductile transitions of ceramic materials with superplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, 100022 Beijing, China
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Weickenmeier A, Kohl H. Computation of the atomic inner-shell excitation cross-sections for fast electrons in crystals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13642818908205920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Weickenmeier
- a Institut für Angewandte Physik , Hochschulstraße 6, D-6100 Darmstadt, F.R. Germany
| | - H. Kohl
- a Institut für Angewandte Physik , Hochschulstraße 6, D-6100 Darmstadt, F.R. Germany
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Assessment of electron energy-loss spectroscopy below 5 eV in semiconductor materials in a VG STEM. Ultramicroscopy 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3991(97)00025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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EELS nanoanalysis for investigating both chemical composition and bonding of interlayers in composites. Mikrochim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01246212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lichtenberger O, Schneider R, Woltersdorf J. Analyses of EELS fine structures of different silicon compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2211500209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Schneider R, Woltersdorf J, R�der A. Characterization of the chemical bonding in inner layers of composite materials. Anal Bioanal Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00322049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hansen P, Brydson R, McComb D, Richardson I. EELS fingerprint of Al-coordination in silicates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1051/mmm:0199400503017300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Bruley J. Spatially resolved electron energy-loss near-edge structure analysis of a near Σ = 11 tilt boundary in sapphire. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1051/mmm:019930040102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Ma H, Lin SH, Carpenter RW, Sankey OF. Ab initio study of the valence-electron relaxation effect on x-ray-emission spectra and the excitonic effect on electron-energy-loss spectra of the Si L2,3 edge. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:13393-13397. [PMID: 9999541 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Batson PE. Silicon L2,3 core absorption obtained at the buried Al/Si(111) interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:5556-5561. [PMID: 9998393 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Weng X, Rez P, Sankey OF. Pseudo-atomic-orbital band theory applied to electron-energy-loss near-edge structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:5694-5704. [PMID: 9992607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.5694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Weng X, Rez P, Ma H. Carbon K-shell near-edge structure: Multiple scattering and band-theory calculations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:4175-4178. [PMID: 9992393 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.4175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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18
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Weng X, Rez P. Multiple-scattering approach to oxygen K near-edge structures in electron-energy-loss spectroscopy of alkaline earths. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 39:7405-7412. [PMID: 9947418 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.7405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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20
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Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-341827-2.50014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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