1
|
Thiele DL, Sarada B, Dang T, Safavi A, Hersh LB, Cottam GL. Regulated expression of an endopeptidase that hydrolyses beta-endorphin during differentiation of macrophages and T cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1998; 437:291-300. [PMID: 9666282 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5347-2_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D L Thiele
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9038, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sarada B, Thiele D, Dang T, Lee J, Safavia A, Hersh LB, Cottam GL. Anti-CD3 activation of human CD4+ T cells increases expression of the intracellular beta-endorphin endopeptidase (IDE/gamma-EpGE). J Neuroimmunol 1998; 85:59-68. [PMID: 9626998 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(97)00268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, increased expression of an endopeptidase hydrolyzing beta-endorphin (beta-Ep) to gamma-endorphin (gamma-Ep, beta-Ep1-17) was observed upon immobilized anti-CD3 stimulated activation of human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells (hCD4+ T cells). Although freshly isolated hCD4+ T cells are devoid of significant beta-Ep endopeptidase activity ( < 0.1 nmol h(-1) 10(6) cells (-1)), activation of these cells with immobilized anti-CD3 results in a time dependent appearance of beta-Ep endopeptidase activity which reaches a maximal value of 17.4+/-0.48 nmol h(-1) 10(6) cells(-1) after 48 h of culture. Significant up-regulation of both mRNA encoding IDE/gamma-EpGE and immunoreactive protein are observed in anti-CD3 stimulated hCD4+ T cells, indicating transcription and translation of IDE/gamma-EpGE may be elevated. No significant hydrolysis of exogenous beta-Ep is observed with intact hCD4+ T cells whether quiescent or activated or from preparations of hCD4+ T cell membranes. Therefore, this activity appears to be intracellular. Immunoreactive IDE/gamma-EpGE is detected inside activated hCD4+ T cells. Analysis of metabolites generated upon hydrolysis of beta-Ep with lysed activated hCD4+ T cell preparations identified the presence of: beta-Ep1-18, beta-Ep2-18, beta-Ep1-17, beta-Ep2-17, beta-Ep18-31, beta-Ep19-31, beta-Ep1-13, beta-Ep2-13, beta-Ep18-26, and beta-Ep20-31 as major metabolites and the majority of these are consistent with beta-Ep hydrolytic activity attributable to IDE/gamma-EpGE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sarada
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 75235-9038, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zav'yalov VP, Zaitseva OR, Navolotskaya EV, Abramov VM, Mitin YV. Receptor-binding properties of the peptides corresponding to the beta-endorphin-like sequence of human immunoglobulin G. Immunol Lett 1996; 49:21-6. [PMID: 8964604 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(95)02476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The decapeptide H2N-Ser-Leu-Thr-Cys-Leu-Val-Lys-Gly-Phe-Tyr-COOH (termed immunorphin) corresponding to the sequence 364-373 of the CH3 domain of the human immunoglobulin G1 Eu heavy chain and displaying a 43% identity with the antigenic determinant of beta-endorphin was synthesized. Immunorphin was found to compete with 125I-beta-endorphin for high-affinity receptors on murine peritoneal macrophages (K = 2.5 +/- 0.9 x 10(-9) M) and with 3H-morphin for receptors on murine thymocytes (Ki = 2.7 +/- 0.6 x 10(-9) M) and murine macrophages (Ki = 5.9 +/- 0.7 x 10(-9) M). In particular two types of receptors to 125I-beta-endorphin with Kd1 = 6.1 +/- 0.6 x 10(-9) M and Kd2 = 3.1 +/- 0.2 x 10(-8) M were revealed on macrophages. The second type of receptors interacted with 125I-beta-endorphin, 3H-Met-enkephalin, 3H-Leu-enkephalin and 3H-morphin; the first displayed reactivity with 125I-beta-endorphin, 3H-morphin and immunorphin. The first type receptors are not present on murine brain cells nor are inhibited by naloxone. A minimum fragment of immunorphin practically completely retaining its inhibitory activity in the competition tests with 125I-beta-endorphin for common receptors on thymocytes was found to correspond to the tetrapeptide H2N-Lys-Gly-Phe-Tyr-COOH (Ki = 5.6 +/- 0.5 x 10(-9) M).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V P Zav'yalov
- Institute of Engineering Immunology, Chekhov District, Moscow Region, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Singh VK. Neuropeptides as native immune modulators. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 1995; 45:9-31. [PMID: 8545543 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7164-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mazzone A, Mazzucchelli I, Fossati G, Gritti D, Fea M, Ricevuti G. Granulocyte defects and opioid receptors in chronic exposure to heroin or methadone in humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 1994; 16:959-67. [PMID: 7868301 DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(94)90049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In order to elucidate better the immunological effect of opioid abuse in the absence of HIV infection as a confounding factor, granulocyte function was investigated in three groups of HIV-negative subjects, including 20 active parenteral heroin abusers (H), 20 long-term methadone-maintained former opiate abusers (M) and 20 healthy controls (C). Chemotaxis to N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), casein and activated plasma were markedly and similarly reduced (approx. 50%) in both H and M groups, as was true for superoxide production after fMLP and PMA stimulation, 47% decrease of C values. Polymorphonuclear (PMN) of H and M subjects also exhibited a very marked and similar reduction in the expression of CD11b/CD18 integrin receptors after fMLP treatment, with values that were less than 10% of those in controls, as observed by flow cytometry. In parallel, PMN of H and M individuals presented an approximately four-fold increase in opioid receptors numbers compared to controls, a significant inverse correlation existing between the increase in opiate receptors and defective chemotaxis. The possible mechanism underlying the observed changes in PMN of H and M individuals is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mazzone
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stefano GB. Invertebrate and vertebrate neuroimmune and autoimmunoregulatory commonalties involving opioid peptides. Cell Mol Neurobiol 1992; 12:357-66. [PMID: 1468113 DOI: 10.1007/bf00711538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Evidence for bidirectional interrelationships between the nervous system and immune systems of vertebrates and invertebrates involving opioid peptides is briefly discussed. 2. The involvement of opioid peptides in autoimmunoregulatory communication also is discussed. 3. The presence of mammalian interleukin-like (1 & 6) and tumor necrosis factor-like molecules in invertebrates is reviewed as well as an apparent cascading system for these signal molecules. 4. The significance of ACTH and MSH in cellular immunosuppression and autoimmunoregulation is discussed in the context of a potential role in schistosomiasis and human immunodeficiency virus actions. 5. The review concludes with the hypothesis that the mammalian immune system has its origin in the invertebrate immune/defense system given the many similarities noted in the review based on new knowledge about the more "primitive" system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G B Stefano
- Multidisciplinary Center for the Study of Aging, State University of New York, Old Westbury 11568-0210
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Singh VK. Immunoregulatory role of neuropeptides. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 1992; 38:149-69. [PMID: 1609113 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7141-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Singh
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan 84322-6800
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Similarities of signal systems in vertebrates and invertebrates: Detection, action, and interactions of immunoreactive monokines in the mussel, Mytilus edulis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-5428(06)80032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
9
|
Hemmick LM, Bidlack JM. Endorphin peptides enhance mitogen-induced T cell proliferation which has been suppressed by prostaglandins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1991; 288:211-4. [PMID: 1950732 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5925-8_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L M Hemmick
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York 14642
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mazzone A, Ricevuti G, Pasotti D, Fioravanti A, Marcoli M, Lecchini S, Notario A, Frigo GM. Peptide opioids and morphine effects on inflammatory process. Inflammation 1990; 14:717-26. [PMID: 1982531 DOI: 10.1007/bf00916374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Morphine was found to inhibit human granulocyte aggregation and ATP, thromboxane B2 (TxB2), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion during cell aggregation. None of the opioid peptides tested [(D-Ala2, D-Leu5)-enkephalin (DADL), (D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol5)-enkephalin (DAGO) or dynorphin 1-9 (Dyn 1-9)] was capable of mimicking morphine effects, while Dyn 1-9 per se induced TxB2 and LTB4 secretion from granulocytes. Morphine inhibition of both cell aggregation and ATP, but not of arachidonic acid metabolism product secretion, was prevented by naloxone. The naloxone-sensitive impairment by morphine of CD11b-CD18 complex surface expression observed could play a role in opioid inhibition of granulocyte activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Mazzone
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
beta-Endorphin 1-31 and several structurally related peptides were tested for their ability to alter mitogen-induced T cell proliferation. Rat beta-endorphin 1-31 and human beta-endorphin 1-27 increased phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation into rat lymph node cells. However, when PHA-induced proliferation was suppressed by the inclusion of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), human beta-endorphin 1-31 and a number of structurally similar peptides, including some peptides that did not alter mitogen-induced proliferation, significantly reduced the PGE1 inhibition of PHA-stimulated T cell proliferation. Although the N-terminus of beta-endorphin was necessary for potency, inclusion of the opioid antagonist naloxone together with beta-endorphin 1-31 did not alter the blockage of PGE1 inhibition of PHA-induced proliferation caused by beta-endorphin. The inhibition of mitogen-stimulated proliferation by either cholera toxin or forskolin, two additional compounds that like PGE1 also elevate cyclic AMP levels, was not blocked by beta-endorphin. Verapamil suppression of proliferation was not modified by beta-endorphin, indicating that the beta-endorphin stimulatory effect was probably not due to Ca2+ influx through verapamil-sensitive Ca2+ channels. These data suggest that beta-endorphin, acting through a nonopioid beta-endorphin receptor, may modulate immunocompetence by stimulating T cell proliferation and by counteracting the inhibitory effects of PGE1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Hemmick
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bellinger DL, Lorton D, Romano TD, Olschowka JA, Felten SY, Felten DL. Neuropeptide innervation of lymphoid organs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990; 594:17-33. [PMID: 2165757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb40464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D L Bellinger
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine, New York 14642
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- G B Stefano
- Multidisciplinary Center for the Study of Aging, SUNY/College, Old Westbury 11568
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marcoli M, Ricevuti G, Mazzone A, Pasotti D, Lecchini S, Frigo GM. A stereoselective blockade by naloxone of opioid and non-opioid-induced granulocyte activation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 1989; 11:57-61. [PMID: 2707938 DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(89)90099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Naloxone was found to prevent both opioid and non-opioid-induced migration of human granulocytes in a stereoselective way. Indeed, besides being able to inhibit morphine-induced migration, (-) but not (+), naloxone isomer proved to abolish either casein, serum of fMLP-induced chemotaxis. It is concluded that opioid-induced modulation of granulocyte migration is likely to be mediated through specific receptors, possibly of the mu type. Moreover, the antichemotactic effect of naloxone suggests an involvement of opioid receptors and/or endogenously released opioids in the mechanism of granulocyte activation by different chemoattractants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Marcoli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
In the past few years it has become evident that neuropeptides may be direct mediators in the modulation of the immune response and the unspecific defense by the brain. Lymphocytes have been thought to have opioid receptors and to respond to opioids with an increase in blastogenesis, cytotoxicity and factor release. Lymphocytes are said to release various neuropeptides. Furthermore, there are some unexplained effects of morphine on the immune system and of the immune system on morphine withdrawal. The purpose of this paper is to review what has been previously published in this field. The well established modulation of phagocyte functions by opioids will only be scanned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E G Fischer
- Dept. of Pathology, RWTH-Klinkum, Aachen, Fed. Rep. Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Marcoli M, Ricevuti G, Mazzone A, Bekkering M, Lecchini S, Frigo GM. Opioid-induced modification of granulocyte function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 1988; 10:425-33. [PMID: 2844685 DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(88)90129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of human granulocyte chemotaxis towards casein was observed in the presence of both the mu and kappa opioid receptor agonists, which, per se, exhibited chemokinetic activity. Naloxone was found to prevent both the opioid-related and opioid-unrelated increase in granulocyte migration. Moreover, morphine inhibited the aggregation response of granulocytes in a naloxone-sensitive way, while the opioid peptides were ineffective. Although opioid agonists with different receptor specificity were capable of strongly modifying human granulocyte migration, no conclusion can be drawn on the role of opioid receptors in regulating migrating activity. On the other hand, opioid receptor activation by morphine is likely to be responsible for aggregation inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Marcoli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Peterson PK, Sharp B, Gekker G, Brummitt C, Keane WF. Opioid-mediated suppression of interferon-gamma production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Clin Invest 1987; 80:824-31. [PMID: 3040807 PMCID: PMC442309 DOI: 10.1172/jci113140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that opiate addiction and stress are associated with impaired cell-mediated immunity. We tested the hypothesis that morphine and the endogenous opioid beta-endorphin (beta-END), a pituitary peptide released in increased concentrations during stress, can suppress the production of the key macrophage-activating lymphokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC). Using a radioimmunoassay to measure IFN-gamma, we found that exposure of PBMNC to biologically relevant concentrations of both opioids significantly inhibited IFN-gamma generation by cells stimulated with concanavalin A and varicella zoster virus. Studies of the mechanism of suppression revealed (a) a classical opioid receptor is involved (suppression was antagonized by naloxone and was specific for the NH2 terminus of beta-END), (b) monocytes are the primary target cell for opioids (monocyte-depleted lymphocyte preparations showed little suppression), and (c) reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and prostaglandin E2 are important mediators (scavengers of ROI and indomethacin eliminated the suppression). Based on these findings we suggest that opioid-triggered release of inhibitory monocyte metabolites may play a role in the immunodeficiency associated with narcotic addiction and stress.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Met-enkephalin has been found to have an effect on cell shape and motility of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Specific binding of tritium-labeled Met-enkephalin to the cells could not be demonstrated. There was a rapid proteolytic degradation of the peptide in the medium, followed by uptake of the labeled tyrosine. The peptidase recognizes the N-terminal sequence of various endogenous opioid peptides. The protease inhibitors bestatin and bacitracin had but little effect on the degradation of Met-Enk.
Collapse
|