1
|
Liu G, Yu Q, Zhu H, Tan B, Yu H, Li X, Lu Y, Li H. Amyloid-β mediates intestinal dysfunction and enteric neurons loss in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:351. [PMID: 37930455 PMCID: PMC11072809 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is traditionally considered as a brain disorder featured by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. The current study on whether pathological changes of AD extend to the enteric nervous system (ENS) is still in its infancy. In this study, we found enteric Aβ deposition, intestinal dysfunction, and colonic inflammation in the young APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, these mice exhibited cholinergic and nitrergic signaling pathways damages and enteric neuronal loss. Our data show that Aβ42 treatment remarkably affected the gene expression of cultured myenteric neurons and the spontaneous contraction of intestinal smooth muscles. The intra-colon administration of Aβ42 induced ENS dysfunction, brain gliosis, and β-amyloidosis-like changes in the wild-type mice. Our results suggest that ENS mirrors the neuropathology observed in AD brains, and intestinal pathological changes may represent the prodromal events, which contribute to brain pathology in AD. In summary, our findings provide new opportunities for AD early diagnosis and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- Medical College, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Quntao Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Houze Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Youming Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 4030030, China.
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Wuhan Center of Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tun X, Wang EJ, Gao Z, Lundberg K, Xu R, Hu D. Integrin β3-Mediated Cell Senescence Associates with Gut Inflammation and Intestinal Degeneration in Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5697. [PMID: 36982771 PMCID: PMC10052535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and personality changes that ultimately lead to dementia. Currently, 50 million people worldwide suffer from dementia related to AD, and the pathogenesis underlying AD pathology and cognitive decline is unknown. While AD is primarily a neurological disease of the brain, individuals with AD often experience intestinal disorders, and gut abnormalities have been implicated as a major risk factor in the development of AD and relevant dementia. However, the mechanisms that mediate gut injury and contribute to the vicious cycle between gut abnormalities and brain injury in AD remain unknown. In the present study, a bioinformatics analysis was performed on the proteomics data of variously aged AD mouse colon tissues. We found that levels of integrin β3 and β-galactosidase (β-gal), two markers of cellular senescence, increased with age in the colonic tissue of mice with AD. The advanced artificial intelligence (AI)-based prediction of AD risk also demonstrated the association between integrin β3 and β-gal and AD phenotypes. Moreover, we showed that elevated integrin β3 levels were accompanied by senescence phenotypes and immune cell accumulation in AD mouse colonic tissue. Further, integrin β3 genetic downregulation abolished upregulated senescence markers and inflammatory responses in colonic epithelial cells in conditions associated with AD. We provide a new understanding of the molecular actions underpinning inflammatory responses during AD and suggest integrin β3 may function as novel target mediating gut abnormalities in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Evan J. Wang
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Beachwood High School, Beachwood, OH 44122, USA
| | - Zhenxiang Gao
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kathleen Lundberg
- Proteomics Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sohrabi M, Sahu B, Kaur H, Hasler WA, Prakash A, Combs CK. Gastrointestinal Changes and Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:335-350. [PMID: 35718965 PMCID: PMC10497313 DOI: 10.2174/1567205019666220617121255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a well-described mechanism of communication between the brain and gastrointestinal system in which both organs influence the function of the other. This bi-directional communication suggests that disease in either organ may affect function in the other. OBJECTIVE To assess whether the evidence supports gastrointestinal system inflammatory or degenerative pathophysiology as a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS A review of both rodent and human studies implicating gastrointestinal changes in AD was performed. RESULTS Numerous studies indicate that AD changes are not unique to the brain but also occur at various levels of the gastrointestinal tract involving both immune and neuronal changes. In addition, it appears that numerous conditions and diseases affecting regions of the tract may communicate to the brain to influence disease. CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal changes represent an overlooked aspect of AD, representing a more system influence of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sohrabi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Bijayani Sahu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Wendie A Hasler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Atish Prakash
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Colin K Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Singh A, Dawson TM, Kulkarni S. Neurodegenerative disorders and gut-brain interactions. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e143775. [PMID: 34196307 DOI: 10.1172/jci143775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) affect essential functions not only in the CNS, but also cause persistent gut dysfunctions, suggesting that they have an impact on both CNS and gut-innervating neurons. Although the CNS biology of NDs continues to be well studied, how gut-innervating neurons, including those that connect the gut to the brain, are affected by or involved in the etiology of these debilitating and progressive disorders has been understudied. Studies in recent years have shown how CNS and gut biology, aided by the gut-brain connecting neurons, modulate each other's functions. These studies underscore the importance of exploring the gut-innervating and gut-brain connecting neurons of the CNS and gut function in health, as well as the etiology and progression of dysfunction in NDs. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of how the various gut-innervating neurons and gut physiology are involved in the etiology of NDs, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, to cause progressive CNS and persistent gut dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alpana Singh
- Center for Neurogastroenterology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering.,Department of Neurology.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, and.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Subhash Kulkarni
- Center for Neurogastroenterology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is the largest division of the peripheral nervous system and closely resembles components and functions of the central nervous system. Although the central role of the ENS in congenital enteric neuropathic disorders, including Hirschsprung disease and inflammatory and functional bowel diseases, is well acknowledged, its role in systemic diseases is less understood. Evidence of a disordered ENS has accumulated in neurodegenerative diseases ranging from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer disease and multiple sclerosis to Parkinson disease as well as neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism. The ENS is a key modulator of gut barrier function and a regulator of enteric homeostasis. A 'leaky gut' represents the gateway for bacterial and toxin translocation that might initiate downstream processes. Data indicate that changes in the gut microbiome acting in concert with the individual genetic background can modify the ENS, central nervous system and the immune system, impair barrier function, and contribute to various disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease or neurodegeneration. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of the ENS in gastrointestinal and systemic diseases, highlighting its interaction with various key players involved in shaping the phenotypes. Finally, current flaws and pitfalls related to ENS research in addition to future perspectives are also addressed.
Collapse
|
6
|
Inyushin M, Zayas-Santiago A, Rojas L, Kucheryavykh L. On the Role of Platelet-Generated Amyloid Beta Peptides in Certain Amyloidosis Health Complications. Front Immunol 2020; 11:571083. [PMID: 33123145 PMCID: PMC7567018 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.571083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As do many other immunity-related blood cells, platelets release antimicrobial peptides that kill bacteria, fungi, and even certain viruses. Here we review the literature suggesting that there is a similarity between the antimicrobials released by other blood cells and the amyloid-related Aβ peptide released by platelets. Analyzing the literature, we also propose that platelet-generated Aβ amyloidosis may be more common than currently recognized. This systemic Aβ from a platelet source may participate in various forms of amyloidosis in pathologies ranging from brain cancer, glaucoma, skin Aβ accumulation, and preeclampsia to Alzheimer’s disease and late-stage Parkinson’s disease. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of specific animal models for studying platelet-related Aβ. This field is undergoing rapid change, as it evaluates competing ideas in the light of new experimental observations. We summarized both in order to clarify the role of platelet-generated Aβ peptides in amyloidosis-related health disorders, which may be helpful to researchers interested in this growing area of investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Inyushin
- Department of Physiology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| | - Astrid Zayas-Santiago
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| | - Legier Rojas
- Department of Physiology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| | - Lilia Kucheryavykh
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cogliati S, Clementi V, Francisco M, Crespo C, Argañaraz F, Grau R. Bacillus Subtilis Delays Neurodegeneration and Behavioral Impairment in the Alzheimer’s Disease Model Caenorhabditis Elegans. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:1035-1052. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-190837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Cogliati
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET – Rosario, Argentina
| | - Victoria Clementi
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET – Rosario, Argentina
| | - Marcos Francisco
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET – Rosario, Argentina
| | - Cira Crespo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET – Rosario, Argentina
| | - Federico Argañaraz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET – Rosario, Argentina
| | - Roberto Grau
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET – Rosario, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Manocha GD, Floden AM, Miller NM, Smith AJ, Nagamoto-Combs K, Saito T, Saido TC, Combs CK. Temporal progression of Alzheimer's disease in brains and intestines of transgenic mice. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 81:166-176. [PMID: 31284126 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is associated with the neurodegenerative and inflammatory changes in brains affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that the enteric nervous system also produces Aβ in an intestinal component of disease. To test this idea, we compared C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) male and female mice to two models of Alzheimer's disease, amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) mice and amyloid precursor protein NL-G-F (AppNL-G-F) mice, at 3, 6, and 12 months of age. Brain Aβ plaque deposition in AppNL-G-F mice preceded that in the APP/PS1 mice, observable by 3 months. Three-month-old female AppNL-G-F mice had decreased intestinal motility compared with WT and APP/PS1 mice. However, 3-month-old female APP/PS1 mice demonstrated increased intestinal permeability compared with WT and AppNL-G-F mice. Both sexes of APP/PS1 and AppNL-G-F mice demonstrated increased colon lipocalin 2 mRNA and insoluble Aβ 1-42 levels at 3 months. These data demonstrate an unrecognized enteric aspect of disease in 2 different mouse models correlating with the earliest brain changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan D Manocha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Angela M Floden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Nicole M Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Abbie J Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Kumi Nagamoto-Combs
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Colin K Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Blasco G, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Rivero M, Pérez-Brocal V, Garre-Olmo J, Puig J, Daunis-I-Estadella P, Biarnés C, Gich J, Fernández-Aranda F, Alberich-Bayarri Á, Moya A, Pedraza S, Ricart W, López M, Portero-Otin M, Fernandez-Real JM. The Gut Metagenome Changes in Parallel to Waist Circumference, Brain Iron Deposition, and Cognitive Function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:2962-2973. [PMID: 28591831 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Microbiota perturbations seem to exert modulatory effects on emotional behavior, stress-, and pain-modulation systems in adult animals; however, limited information is available in humans. OBJECTIVE To study potential relationships among the gut metagenome, brain microstructure, and cognitive performance in middle-aged, apparently healthy, obese and nonobese subjects after weight changes. DESIGN This is a longitudinal study over a 2-year period. SETTING A tertiary public hospital. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Thirty-five (18 obese) apparently healthy subjects. INTERVENTION(S) Diet counseling was provided to all subjects. Obese subjects were followed every 6 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Brain relaxometry (using magnetic resonance R2*), cognitive performance (by means of cognitive tests), and gut microbiome composition (shotgun). RESULTS R2* increased in both obese and nonobese subjects, independent of weight variations. Changes in waist circumference, but not in body mass index, were associated with brain iron deposition (R2*) in the striatum, amygdala, and hippocampus in parallel to visual-spatial constructional ability and circulating beta amyloid Aβ42 levels. These changes were linked to shifts in gut microbiome in which the relative abundance of bacteria belonging to Caldiserica and Thermodesulfobacteria phyla were reciprocally associated with raised R2* in different brain nuclei. Of note, the increase in bacteria belonging to Tenericutes phylum was parallel to decreased R2* gain in the striatum, serum Aβ42 levels, and spared visual-spatial constructional ability. Interestingly, metagenome functions associated with circulating and brain iron stores are involved in bacterial generation of siderophores. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the gut metagenome are associated longitudinally with cognitive function and brain iron deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Blasco
- Research Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI), Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona 08023, Spain
- Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - José Maria Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona 17007, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Mireia Rivero
- Neurology Department, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta. Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Genomics and Health Area of the Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO)-Salud Pública, Valencia 46020, Spain
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia 46980, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Josep Garre-Olmo
- Research Group on Aging, Disability and Health, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Josep Puig
- Research Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI), Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona 08023, Spain
- Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Pepus Daunis-I-Estadella
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics, and Statistics, University of Girona. Girona 17004, Spain
| | - Carles Biarnés
- Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Jordi Gich
- Department of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical ResearchInstitute (IDIBELL), CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Ángel Alberich-Bayarri
- Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230), QUantitative Imaging Biomarkers In Medicine (QUIBIM SL), La Fe Polytechnics and University Hospital, La Fe Health ResearchInstitute, Valencia 46026, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Genomics and Health Area of the Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO)-Salud Pública, Valencia 46020, Spain
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia 46980, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Salvador Pedraza
- Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona 17007, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity Group; Department of Physiology, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
- CIBERObn, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Nutren Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida) and Agroalimentary Science and Technology Park (PCiTAL)-University of Lleida, Lleida 25003, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Fernandez-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition (UDEN), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/0010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona 17007, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona 17007, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Han X, Tang S, Dong L, Song L, Dong Y, Wang Y, Du Y. Loss of nitrergic and cholinergic neurons in the enteric nervous system of APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model. Neurosci Lett 2017; 642:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
11
|
Regulators of gene expression in Enteric Neural Crest Cells are putative Hirschsprung disease genes. Dev Biol 2016; 416:255-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
12
|
Puig KL, Manocha GD, Combs CK. Amyloid precursor protein mediated changes in intestinal epithelial phenotype in vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119534. [PMID: 25742317 PMCID: PMC4351204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although APP and its proteolytic metabolites have been well examined in the central nervous system, there remains limited information of their functions outside of the brain. For example, amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta (Aβ) immunoreactivity have both been demonstrated in intestinal epithelial cells. Based upon the critical role of these cells in absorption and secretion, we sought to determine whether APP or its metabolite amyloid β (Aβ), had a definable function in these cells. Methodology/Principal Findings The human colonic epithelial cell line, Caco-2 cells, were cultured to examine APP expression and Aβ secretion, uptake, and stimulation. Similar to human colonic epithelium stains, Caco-2 cells expressed APP. They also secreted Aβ 1-40 and Aβ 1-42, with LPS stimulating higher concentrations of Aβ 1-40 secretion. The cells also responded to Aβ 1-40 stimulation by increasing IL-6 cytokine secretion and decreasing cholesterol uptake. Conversely, stimulation with a sAPP-derived peptide increased cholesterol uptake. APP was associated with CD36 but not FATP4 in co-IP pull down experiments from the Caco-2 cells. Moreover, stimulation of APP with an agonist antibody acutely decreased CD36-mediated cholesterol uptake. Conclusions/Significance APP exists as part of a multi-protein complex with CD36 in human colonic epithelial cells where its proteolytic fragments have complex, reciprocal roles in regulating cholesterol uptake. A biologically active peptide fragment from the N-terminal derived, sAPP, potentiated cholesterol uptake while the β secretase generated product, Aβ1-40, attenuated it. These data suggest that APP is important in regulating intestinal cholesterol uptake in a fashion dependent upon specific proteolytic pathways. Moreover, this biology may be applicable to cells beyond the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L. Puig
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Gunjan D. Manocha
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Colin K. Combs
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Compelling evidence from in vivo model systems within the past decade shows that the APP family of proteins is important for synaptic development and function in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The synaptic role promises to be complex and multifaceted for several reasons. The three family members have overlapping and redundant functions in mammals. They have both adhesive and signaling properties and may, in principle, act as both ligands and receptors. Moreover, they bind a multitude of synapse-specific proteins, and we predict that additional interacting protein partners will be discovered. Transgenic mice with modified or abolished expression of APP and APLPs have synaptic defects that are readily apparent. Studies of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in these transgenic mice have revealed molecular and functional deficits in neurotransmitter release, in organization of the postsynaptic receptors, and in coordinated intercellular development. The results summarized here from invertebrate and vertebrate systems confirm that the NMJ with its accessibility, large size, and homogeneity provides a model synapse for identifying and analyzing molecular pathways of APP actions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kiba T. Relationships between ventromedial hypothalamic lesions and the expressions of neuron-related genes in visceral organs. Neurosci Res 2012; 74:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
15
|
LIAO HSINKAI, WANG YING, NOACK WATT KRISTINE, WEN QIN, BREITBACK JUSTIN, KEMMET CHELSYK, CLARK KARLJ, EKKER STEPHENC, ESSNER JEFFREYJ, MCGRAIL MAURA. Tol2 gene trap integrations in the zebrafish amyloid precursor protein genes appa and aplp2 reveal accumulation of secreted APP at the embryonic veins. Dev Dyn 2012; 241:415-25. [PMID: 22275008 PMCID: PMC3448447 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The single spanning transmembrane amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolytic product, amyloid-beta (Ab) peptide, have been intensely studied due to their role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the biological role of the secreted ectodomain of APP, which is also generated by proteolytic cleavage, is less well understood. Here, we report Tol2 red fluorescent protein (RFP) transposon gene trap integrations in the zebrafish amyloid precursor protein a (appa) and amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (aplp2) genes. The transposon integrations are predicted to disrupt the appa and aplp2 genes to primarily produce secreted ectodomains of the corresponding proteins that are fused to RFP. RESULTS Our results indicate the Appa-RFP and Aplp2 fusion proteins are likely secreted from the central nervous system and accumulate in the embryonic veins independent of blood flow. CONCLUSIONS The zebrafish appa and aplp2 transposon insertion alleles will be useful for investigating the biological role of the secreted form of APP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HSIN-KAI LIAO
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - YING WANG
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - KRISTIN E. NOACK WATT
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - QIN WEN
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - JUSTIN BREITBACK
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - CHELSY K. KEMMET
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - KARL J. CLARK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - STEPHEN C. EKKER
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - JEFFREY J. ESSNER
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - MAURA MCGRAIL
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schiffrin EJ, Morley JE, Donnet-Hughes A, Guigoz Y. The inflammatory status of the elderly: the intestinal contribution. Mutat Res 2009; 690:50-6. [PMID: 19666034 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A common finding in the elderly population is a chronic subclinical inflammatory status that coexists with immune dysfunction. These interconnected processes are of sufficient magnitude to impact health and survival time. In this review we discuss the different signals that may stimulate the inflammatory process in the aging population as well as the molecular and cellular components that can participate in the initiation, the modulation or termination of the said process. A special interest has been devoted to the intestine as a source of signals that can amplify local and systemic inflammation. Sentinel cells in the splanchnic area are normally exposed to more than one stimulus at a given time. In the intestine of the elderly, endogenous molecules produced by the cellular aging process and stress as well as exogenous evolutionarily conserved molecules from bacteria, are integrated into a network of receptors and molecular signalling pathways that result in chronic inflammatory activation. It is thus possible that nutritional interventions which modify the intestinal ecology can diminish the pro-inflammatory effects of the microbiota and thereby reinforce the mucosal barrier or modulate the cellular activation pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo J Schiffrin
- Nestlé Nutrition, HealthCare Nutrition, Route des Avouillons 30, CH-1196 Gland, Nestec Ltd., Vevey, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee JA, Cole GJ. Generation of Transgenic Zebrafish Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein Under Control of Zebrafish Amyloid Precursor Protein Gene Regulatory Elements. Zebrafish 2007; 4:277-86. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2007.0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ahng Lee
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gregory J. Cole
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|