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Islam Shawon S, Nargis Reyda R, Qais N. Medicinal herbs and their metabolites with biological potential to protect and combat liver toxicity and its disorders: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25340. [PMID: 38356556 PMCID: PMC10864916 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is an essential organ that helps the body with immunity, metabolism, and detoxification, among other functions. Worldwide, liver illnesses are a leading cause of mortality and disability. There are few effective treatment choices, but they frequently have unfavorable side effects. Investigating the potential of medicinal plants and their bioactive phytoconstituents in the prevention and treatment of liver disorders has gained more attention in recent years. An assessment of the hepatoprotective potential of medicinal plants and their bioactive secondary metabolites is the goal of this thorough review paper. To determine their hepatoprotective activity, these plants were tested against liver toxicity artificially induced in rats, mice and rabbits by chemical agents such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), paracetamol (PCM), thioacetamide (TAA), N-nitrosodiethylamine, d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide, antitubercular medicines (rifampin, isoniazid) and alcohol. To find pertinent research publications published between 1989 and 2022, a comprehensive search of electronic bibliographic databases (including Web of Science, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and others) was carried out. The investigation comprised 203 plant species from 81 families in total. A thorough discussion was mentioned regarding the hepatoprotective qualities of plants belonging to several families, such as Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. The plant groups Asteraceae and Fabaceae were the most frequently shown to have hepatoprotective properties. The phytochemical constituents namely flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids exhibited the highest frequency of hepatoprotective action. Also, some possible mechanism of action of some active constituents from medicinal plants was discussed in brief which were found in some studies. In summary, the information on medicinal plants and their potentially hepatoprotective bioactive phytoconstituents has been consolidated in this review which emphasizes the importance of further research to explore the efficacy and safety of these natural remedies for various liver ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahparan Islam Shawon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rashmia Nargis Reyda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmul Qais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Okoro IO, Okoro EO, Isoje FE, Oyubu G. Protective effects of Alstonia congensis Methanolic extract against CCl4 induced liver damage in Wistar rats. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Ri MH, Ma J, Jin X. Development of natural products for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy against cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114370. [PMID: 34214644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint is one of the most promising therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapy, but several challenges remain in current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Natural products, mainly derived from traditional medicine, could improve and expand anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy because of their advantages such as large diversity and multi-target effects. AIM OF THE STUDY This review summarize natural products, raw extracts, and traditional medicines with pharmacological effects associated with the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, particularly PD-L1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic literature databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, and online drugs and chemicals databases, including DrugBank, ZINC, PubChem, STITCH, and CTD, were searched without date limitation by February 2021. 'Natural product or herb or herbal plant or traditional medicine' and 'PD-L1' and 'Cancer immunotherapy' were used as the search keywords. Among 112 articles identified in database searching, 54 articles are full text articles, reporting in silico, in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. 68 articles included are review articles and grey literature such as thesis and congress abstracts. RESULTS Several natural products and traditional medicines have exhibited diverse and multi-functional effects including direct blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions, modulation of PD-L1 expression, and cooperation with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Natural products and traditional medicines can facilitate the development of more effective and acceptable diverse strategies for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, but further exploration of natural products and pharmaceutical techniques is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Hak Ri
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China; Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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Totipotency of Daucus carota L. Somatic Cells Microencapsulated Using Spray Drying Technology. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112491. [PMID: 34834854 PMCID: PMC8621100 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The carrot is considered a model system in plant cell culture. Spray drying represents a widely used technology to preserve microorganisms, such as bacteria and yeasts. In germplasm conservation, the most used methods are freeze drying and cryopreservation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of spray drying on the viability and totipotency of somatic carrot cells. Leaf, root and stem explants were evaluated to induce callus with 2 mg/L of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Calli obtained from the stem were cultivated in a liquid medium with 1 mg/L of 2,4-D. Cell suspensions were spray dried with maltodextrin-gum Arabic and maltodextrin-xanthan gum mixtures, two outlet air temperatures (50 and 60 °C) and 120 °C inlet air temperature. Results showed that carrot cells were viable after spray drying, and this viability remained for six months at 8 °C. The totipotency of the microencapsulated cells was proven. Cells that were not spray dried regenerated 24.6 plantlets, while the spray dried cells regenerated 19 plantlets for each gram of rehydrated powder. Thus, spray drying allowed researchers to obtain viable and totipotent cells. This work is the first manuscript that reported the spray drying of plant somatic cells.
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Ogbonna Okoro C, Aloke C, Ibiam UA, Obasi NA, Orji OU, Ogbonnia EC, Ogbu PN, Emelike CU, Ufebe GO, Nwamaka Ezeani N. Studies on Ethanol Extracts of Olax subscorpioidea Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:724-732. [PMID: 34486349 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.724.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Liver disease orchestrated by noxious chemicals are serious health problems the world over. Traditionally, there are claims that ethanol extracts of leaves and stem barks of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i> are used in the treatment of hepatic disorders. Thus, it investigated the impacts of ethanol extract of leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i> against carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>)-induced liver damage in rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Liver toxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg kg<sup>1</sup> b.wt., of CCl<sub>4</sub> in experimental rats. Rats were treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg kg<sup>1</sup> dose ethanol leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea</i>, respectively after induction of liver damage. <b>Results:</b> Obtained results showed a significant rise in the serum levels of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and bilirubin as well as decreased Albumin (ALB), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), reduced Glutathione (GSH) in CCl<sub>4</sub>-challenged rats. Treatment with the extracts attenuated serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, MDA and bilirubin in addition to increased activities of SOD, CAT and the levels of ALB and GSH when compared to the CCl<sub>4</sub> group. Histopathological studies demonstrated that the extracts ameliorated liver necrosis and inflammation due to CCl<sub>4</sub> insult. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results concluded that ethanol extract of leaves and stem bark of <i>Olax subscorpioidea </i>may reduce hepatic oxidative injury caused by CCl<sub>4</sub> by its antioxidant potentials.
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Vijayakumar K, Arumugam VA, Ramasamy M, Natesan M, Palanisamy S, Thajuddin NB, Balasubramanian B, Meyyazhagan A. Hepatoprotective effects of Psidium guajava on mitochondrial enzymes and inflammatory markers in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:2041-2050. [PMID: 33121271 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1843474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava (P. guajva) and its isolated quercetin fraction on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were divided into 6 groups and each group contained 6 rats. CCl4 (1.5 ml/kg b.w.) was used to induce the hepatotoxicity. Ethanolic extract of P. guajava (300 mg/kg b.w.), isolated quercetin fraction (20 mg/kg b.w.) were used as a treatment and silymarin (25 mg/kg b.w.) was used as a standard drug. After the study period, the liver tissues were collected and evaluate the levels of liver functional markers, mitochondrial enzymes, histopathological analysis and the expressions of inflammatory markers. RESULTS The levels of liver functional markers were increased and protein, albumin and A/G ratio levels were decreased and the decreased levels of mitochondrial enzymes were noted in CCl4-induced rats and the levels were restored near to normal significantly when the administration ethanolic extract of P. guajava, isolated quercetin fraction and silymarin. The normal architecture of liver tissues were altered and the mRNA expressions were up-regulated in CCl4-induced rats and the liver tissues were normalized and the mRNA and protein expressions were down-regulated near to normal significantly when the administration of ethanolic extract of P. guajava, isolated quercetin fraction and silymarin. CONCLUSION From these results, the isolated quercetin fractions have better activity than that of the ethanolic extract of P. guajava leaves. Hence, the isolated quercetin may be used as the safest drug for hepatotoxicity in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijaya Anand Arumugam
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Manikandan Ramasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, M.I.E.T Arts and Science College, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Manoharan Natesan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | | | | | - Arun Meyyazhagan
- Euro Espes Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, Corunna, Spain
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Soleti R, Mallegol P, Hilairet G, Frifra M, Perrin F, Dubois-Laurent C, Huet S, Pignon P, Basset L, Geoffriau E, Andriantsitohaina R. Carrot Genotypes Contrasted by Root Color and Grown under Different Conditions Displayed Differential Pharmacological Profiles in Vascular and Metabolic Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020337. [PMID: 32012793 PMCID: PMC7071275 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrots' genotype and growing conditions influence their potential properties to fight against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The present study evaluated the influence of carrot genotypes contrasted by root color (Bolero, Presto, Karotan, Deep Purple, Kintoki and Blanche des Vosges) growing under standard, water-restricted, biotic stress (Alternaria dauci inoculation), and combined stress conditions (water restriction and A.dauci inoculation). The effect of carrots' polyphenol and carotenoid content was assessed on endothelial and smooth muscle cells, hepatocytes, adipocytes and macrophages functions (oxidative stress, apoptosis, proliferation, lipid accumulation and inflammation). Independently of varieties or growing conditions, all carrot extracts affected vascular cells' oxidative stress and apoptosis, and metabolic cells' oxidative stress and lipid accumulation. Three clusters were revealed and displayed beneficial properties mostly for adipocytes function, smooth muscle cells and hepatocytes, and endothelial cells and hepatocytes, respectively. Karotan and Presto varieties exhibited endothelial tropism while Blanche des Vosges targeted adipocytes. Carrots under biotic stress are more efficient in inducing beneficial effects, with the Bolero variety being the most effective. However, extracts from carrots which grew under combined stress conditions had limited beneficial effects. This report underscores the use of certain carrot extracts as potential effective nutraceutical supplements for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Soleti
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France; (P.M.); (G.H.); (M.F.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33 (0)2 44 68 85 86
| | - Patricia Mallegol
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France; (P.M.); (G.H.); (M.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Grégory Hilairet
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France; (P.M.); (G.H.); (M.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Mehdi Frifra
- SOPAM, U1063, INSERM, UNIV Angers, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France; (P.M.); (G.H.); (M.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Florent Perrin
- IRHS, Agrocampus Ouest, Inrae, Université d’Angers, SFR Quasav, 49045 Angers, France; (F.P.); (C.D.-L.); (S.H.); (E.G.)
| | - Cécile Dubois-Laurent
- IRHS, Agrocampus Ouest, Inrae, Université d’Angers, SFR Quasav, 49045 Angers, France; (F.P.); (C.D.-L.); (S.H.); (E.G.)
| | - Sébastien Huet
- IRHS, Agrocampus Ouest, Inrae, Université d’Angers, SFR Quasav, 49045 Angers, France; (F.P.); (C.D.-L.); (S.H.); (E.G.)
| | - Pascale Pignon
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, 49100 Angers, France; (P.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Laetitia Basset
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, 49100 Angers, France; (P.P.); (L.B.)
| | - Emmanuel Geoffriau
- IRHS, Agrocampus Ouest, Inrae, Université d’Angers, SFR Quasav, 49045 Angers, France; (F.P.); (C.D.-L.); (S.H.); (E.G.)
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Bencheikh N, Bouhrim M, Kharchoufa L, Choukri M, Bnouham M, Elachouri M. Protective Effect of Zizyphus lotus L. (Desf.) Fruit against CCl 4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Rat. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:6161593. [PMID: 31949468 PMCID: PMC6944966 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6161593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In Morocco, "Zizyphus lotus L." is one of the most widely and traditionally used plant species to treat various diseases, including liver disorders. The present study was conducted to evaluate the aqueous extract of Zizyphus lotus L. fruit against carbon tetrachloride- (CCL4-) induced liver damage in Wistar rats. The animals were daily treated with the aqueous extract of Zizyphus lotus L. fruit using two doses separately 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. CCL4 was injected intraperitoneally (1 ml/kg body weight) at two times, 7th and 14th days. At the end of the treatment, rats were sacrificed, and the blood was collected for the assessment of biochemical parameters. Moreover, the body weight as well as liver weight was determined. The injection of CCl4 to the rats induced various alterations such as the increase of relative liver weight, serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, triglycerides, very low-density lipoproteins, total cholesterol (slight increase), creatinine, urea, uric acid, and malondialdehyde. On the contrary, the effects of CCL4 lead to the reduction in serum levels of high-density lipoprotein. However, the daily administration of the aqueous extract of Zizyphus lotus L. fruit to the injected rats with CCL4 restored this abnormal variation in these biochemical parameters to normal values. Based on the results obtained in this study, it seems that the aqueous extract of Zizyphus lotus L. fruit has an hepatoprotective effect against hepatic lesions induced by CCL4 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Bencheikh
- Laboratory of Physiology Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, URAC-40, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Physiology Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, URAC-40, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Loubna Kharchoufa
- Laboratory of Physiology Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, URAC-40, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Choukri
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oujda, Morocco
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Central Laboratory Service—CHU, Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Physiology Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, URAC-40, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mostafa Elachouri
- Laboratory of Physiology Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, URAC-40, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
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Adhikari M, Thapa R, Kunwar RM, Devkota HP, Poudel P. Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plant Resources in the Machhapuchchhre Rural Municipality of Kaski District, Nepal. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6020069. [PMID: 31234605 PMCID: PMC6630641 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Medicinal plants are being used by the majority of the population throughout the world for their primary health care needs. The reliance is also prevalent in Nepal, aided by its ethnic and biological diversity. This study aimed to catalogue the ethnomedicinal knowledge of plants used by local people of Machhapuchchhre Rural Municipality of Kaski district. Methods: Data were collected between February 2017 and April 2018 from eight different villages of the Kaski district by using semi-structured interviews, guided field works, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. The reported traditional uses were supported by local assistants, cataloguing vernacular names and crosschecking with the earlier published and gray literature. Results: A total of 105 medicinal plants, belonging to 58 families and 99 genera were documented to treat 70 different diseases and ailments. The highest numbers of plants (37) were used for gastrointestinal disorders and the lowest (4) were used for female genital disorders. Commonly used parts were underground portions (28 species) followed by fruits and seeds (25 species each). The most preferred dosage form was juice, used for 50 ailments, and the oral route was the most favored route of administration (77 species). The medicinal properties of 22 plant species were found hitherto unreported in the district. Conclusions: The study area was found to be rich in plant resources and the people have ample knowledge on the use of medicinal plants. Due to a lack of proper documentation, conservation, and cultivation practices, valuable plant species are at risk of extinction. Thus, appropriate conservation measures and scientific assessment of plant-lore in the district is immediately required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Adhikari
- Department of Pharmacy, Novel Academy, Purbanchal University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal.
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal.
| | - Rashmi Thapa
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal.
| | - Ripu Mardhan Kunwar
- Department of Geosciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Prakash Poudel
- Department of Pharmacy, Novel Academy, Purbanchal University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal.
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Bahman M, Hajimehdipoor H, Bioos S, Hashem-Dabaghian F, Afrakhteh M, Tansaz M. Effect of Aslagh Capsule, a Traditional Compound Herbal Product on Oligomenorrhea in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Three-Arm, Open-label, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Galen Med J 2019; 8:e1261. [PMID: 34466481 PMCID: PMC8343515 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oligomenorrhea is a common complaint in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There are some useful medicinal recommendations such as Aslagh product (include fennel fruits, carrot seeds, chaste tree fruits) in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of oligomenorrhea in PCOS. Hence, the present investigation was designed to compare Aslagh capsule with metformin on the oligomenorrhea. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty women aged between 18-43 years with oligomenorrhea due to PCOS were randomly divided into Aslagh, metformin, and Aslagh + metformin groups. The occurrence of menstrual bleeding was considered as the primary outcome. Menstrual cyclicity, duration, and volume of the bleeding were also evaluated. Results: Occurrence of menstrual bleeding was 87.2% in all patients, with no significant difference between the three groups (P> 0.05). Menstrual cyclicity significantly improved from baseline in Aslagh and Aslagh + metformin groups (P=0.02). Duration of menstrual bleeding was significantly higher in Aslagh group in the first and the second menstrual bleeding cycle compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). No significant change was observed in the volume of the bleeding after the intervention in any of the three groups. The occurrence of menstrual bleeding in Aslagh group was significantly (P=0.03) higher than the other two groups in the fourth month (drug-free period). Conclusion: Aslagh capsule showed beneficial effects similar to metformin in the treatment of oligomenorrhea in PCOS women and could be suggested for use as an alternative treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bahman
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Hajimehdipoor
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Bioos
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Hashem-Dabaghian
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Afrakhteh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Tansaz
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence to: Mojgan Tansaz, Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Telephone Number: +98-2188773521 Email Address:
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Amelioration of CCl 4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits by Lepidium sativum Seeds. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5947234. [PMID: 30984276 PMCID: PMC6431501 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5947234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the probable protective effect of Lepidium sativum seeds (LSS) against CCl4 induced hepatic injury in New-Zealand rabbits. Rabbits were randomly divided into two main groups; group-A (noninjured group, n=15) was divided to subgroups A1 (untreated control) and A2 and A3 which received 200 & 400 mg/kg bw of LSS, respectively, in their diet daily. Group-B (injured group, n=30) were subcutaneously injected with CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg bw) starting from day one of the experiment and were equally divided into 3 subgroups: B1 received normal standard diet and B2 & B3 received 200 & 400 mg/kg bw of LSS, respectively, in their diet daily. Five rabbits of all subgroups were decapitated 5 and 10 weeks after experimental running. Biochemical analysis revealed significant decrease in serum levels of transaminases, γ-GT, ALP, total bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides associated with significant increase in the serum levels of T protein and albumin of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw of LSS protected rabbits for 5 and 10 weeks as compared with CCl4 treated rabbits. Oxidative stress and depressed antioxidant system of the liver tissues were markedly obvious in the CCl4 treated group. LSS administration reversed these results towards normalization. Histopathological examination of LSS protected rabbits (200 mg/kg bw of LSS for 10 weeks) showed improvement of the histoarchitectural changes of the liver induced by CCl4 to the normal aspect, showing regenerating hepatocytes with no steatosis, discrete chronic venous congestion, and discrete inflammatory infiltrate. The current findings provide new evidence that LSS could reverse the hepatotoxic effects of CCl4 and repair the liver functions.
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Jairaman C, Yacoob SAM, Venkatraman A, Nagarajan Y, Murugesan G. Propugnating Effect of Bark of Rhizophora mucronata Against Different Toxicants Viz Carbon Tetrachloride, Ethanol and Paracetamol on HepG 2 Cell Lines. J Pharmacopuncture 2019; 22:41-48. [PMID: 30989000 PMCID: PMC6461297 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2019.22.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the bark extract (Ethanol: Water) in the ratio of (3:1) of Rhizophora mucronata (BERM) by intoxicating the HepG2 cell lines with different toxicants viz, CCL4, Ethanol and Paracetamol with different concentrations of the extract were used. The HepG2 cell lines were subjected to MTT Assay for studying the cytotoxicity. METHODS HepG2 cells were plated using 96 well plate in 10% bovine serum, exposed to different toxicants viz, 2% CCl4, 60% Ethanol and 14 mM Paracetamol respectively. The various test concentrations (18.85, 37.5, 75, 150 and 300 μg/ml) of bark extract of Rhizophora mucronata was added and incubated for 24 hours. Medium was removed after incubation period and 0.5 mg/ml MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was added and again incubated for 4 hours at 37oC. Then MTT was removed the crystals was dissolved in DMSO and absorbance was measured at 570 nm. RESULTS The result showed that dose dependent increase in percentage of viability at the doses of 18.85, 37.5, 75, 150, 300 μg/ml. The results for the CCl4 intoxicated, at 300 μg/ml of the concentration of the extract, the % of viable cells was found out to be 99.6%, for Ethanol intoxicated, 97.67%, and Paracetamol induced, 75.37%, IC50 was 21.53 μg/ml, 12.61 μg/ml and 21.42 μg/ml respectively. CONCLUSION Thus, we conclude that, the extract possesses defensive effect against different toxicants and can be used as an alternate drug for hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Jairaman
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Syed Ali Mohamed Yacoob
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Anuradha Venkatraman
- PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Yogananth Nagarajan
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Gnanadesigan Murugesan
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathair University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil nadu,
India
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Miras-Moreno B, Pedreño MA, Fraser PD, Sabater-Jara AB, Almagro L. Effect of diflufenican on total carotenoid and phytoene production in carrot suspension-cultured cells. PLANTA 2019; 249:113-122. [PMID: 30083808 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diflufenican increased 493-fold the level of phytoene. Diflufenican-induced inhibition of phytoene desaturase gene expression in carrot cells resulted in an increased production of phytoene. This work analyzes the effect of diflufenican, an inhibitor of phytoene desaturase, on the gene expression profiles of the biosynthetic pathway of carotenoids related with the production of these compounds in carrot cell cultures. The results showed that the presence of 10 µM diflufenican in the culture medium increased phytoene levels, which was 493-fold higher than in control cells after 7 days of treatment but did not alter cell growth in carrot cell cultures. The maximal production of phytoene was reached with 10 µM diflufenican after 7 days of incubation in the presence of light and with 30 g/L sucrose in the culture medium. Moreover, diflufenican decreased the expression of phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase genes at all the times studied. This diflufenican-induced inhibition of phytoene desaturase gene expression in carrot cell cultures resulted in an increased production of phytoene. Our results provide new insights into the action of diflufenican in carrot cell cultures, which could represent an alternative more sustainable and environmentally friendly system to produce phytoene than those currently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paul D Fraser
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, UK
| | - Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Malik A, Arooj M, Butt TT, Zahid S, Zahid F, Jafar TH, Waquar S, Gan SH, Ahmad S, Mirza MU. In silico and in vivo characterization of cabralealactone, solasodin and salvadorin in a rat model: potential anti-inflammatory agents. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1431-1443. [PMID: 29872266 PMCID: PMC5973396 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s154169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The present study investigates the hepato- and DNA-protective effects of standardized extracts of Cleome brachycarpa (cabralealactone), Solanum incanum (solasodin), and Salvadora oleioides (salvadorin) in rats. Materials and methods Hepatotoxicity was induced with intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (1 mL/kg b.wt.) once a week for 12 weeks. The hepato- and DNA protective effects of the extracts in different combinations were compared with that of a standard drug Clavazin (200 mg/kg b.wt.). Tissue alanine aminotransferase, alpha-fetoprotein, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), isoprostanes-2α, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, the significant hallmarks of oxidative stress, were studied. Results Histopathological findings of the liver sections from the rat group which received CCl4+cabralealactone, solasodin, and salvadorin demonstrated improved centrilobular hepatocyte regeneration with moderate areas of congestion and infiltration comparable with Clavazin. For in silico study, the identified compounds were subjected to molecular docking with cyclooxygenase-2 and TNF-α followed by a molecular dynamics study, which indicated their potential as anti-inflammatory agents. Conclusion Cabralealactone, solasodin, and salvadorin confer some hepatoprotective and DNA-damage protective effects against CCl4-induced toxicity. They successfully restored the normal architecture of hepatocytes and have the potential to be used as inhibitor to main culprits, that is, cyclooxygenase-2 and TNF-α. They can combat oxidative stress and liver injuries both as mono and combinational therapies. However, combination therapy has more ameliorating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Arooj
- University College of Medicine and Dentistry (UCMD), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sara Zahid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tassadaq Hussain Jafar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Sarfraz Ahmad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Motevalizadeh E, Mortazavi SA, Milani E, Hooshmand-Dalir MAR. Optimization of physicochemical and textural properties of pizza cheese fortified with soybean oil and carrot extract. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:356-372. [PMID: 29564103 PMCID: PMC5849897 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize pizza cheese containing carrot extract. The effects of two important independent variables including soybean oil (5%–20%) and carrot extract (5%–20%) were studied on physicochemical and textural properties of pizza cheese containing carrot extract. According to the results, RSM was successfully used for optimizing formulation of pizza cheese containing carrot juice. Results of this study revealed that oil (A), carrot (B), AB, square term of carrot (B2), B, AB, square term of oil (A2), B2, AB, AB, A2B, A2, A2, A, A2, A2, AB, and AB2 had the most effect on moisture, acidity, stretch, L*, a*, b*, hardness, meltability, springiness, peroxide value (PV), cohesiveness, chewiness, gumminess, fracture force, adhesiveness force, stiffness, flavor, and overall acceptability, respectively. A formulation upon 20% oil and 10.88% carrot extract was found as the optimal formulation for pizza cheese containing carrot extract. At the optimal formulation, PV, L*, a*, b*, meltability, stretch, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, chewiness, adhesive force, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability at the optimum formulation were measured 2.23, 82.51, −3.69, 18.05, 17.86, 85.61, 0.41, 7.874, 23.7, 0.27, 0.61, 3.50, 3.95, and 3.65, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Motevalizadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology Azad Islamic University of Sabzevar Sabzevar Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology Azad Islamic University of Sabzevar Sabzevar Iran
| | - Elnaz Milani
- Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR) Mashhad Iran
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Abd-Allah AAM, El-Deen NAMN, Mohamed WAM, Naguib FM. Mast cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines roles in assessment of grape seeds extract anti-inflammatory activity in rat model of carrageenan-induced paw edema. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:97-107. [PMID: 29372043 PMCID: PMC5776444 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.25067.6219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-produced oxidative disorders were involved at the pathophysiology of many inflammatory processes via the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant defense system suppression. Although herbal antioxidants as mono-therapy relief many inflammatory diseases including, autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis, but as combination therapy with other proven anti-inflammatory drugs in order to decreasing their toxic impacts has not yet been studied clearly, especially against chemical substances that's induced local inflammation with characteristic edema. MATERIALS AND METHODS Grape seeds extract (GSE) at a concentration of 40 mg/kg B. wt alone or in combination with indomethacin (Indo.) at a dose of 5 mg/Kg B. wt orally given for 10 days prior (gps VI, VII, VIII) or as a single dose after edema induction (gps IX, X, XI) in rat's left hind paw by sub-planter single injection of 0.1 carrageenan: saline solution (1%) (gp. V) to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic anti-inflammatory activities of both through the estimation of selective inflammatory mediators and oxidative damage-related biomarkers as well as tissue mast cell scoring. Furthermore, both substances were given alone (gps II, III, IV) for their blood, liver and kidney safety evaluation comparing with negative control rats (gp. I) which kept without medication. RESULTS A marked reduction on the inflammatory mediators, edema volume and oxidative byproducts in edema bearing rats' prophylactic and treated with grape seeds extract and indomethacin was observed. Indomethacin found to induce some toxicological impacts which minimized when administered together with GSE. CONCLUSION GSE is a safe antioxidant agent with anti-inflammatory property.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fatma Mohamed Naguib
- MVSc of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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17
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Latif A, Hussain K, Shehzadi N, Islam M, Khan MT, Anwar R, Khan HM, Bukhari NI. Glutathione sulfotransferase inhibition activity of a self-fermented beverage, Kanji. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:547-553. [PMID: 27951746 PMCID: PMC6130599 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1257030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Kanji, a liquid preparation of roots of Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang. var. vavilovii Mazk. (Apiaceae), may inhibit glutathione sulfotransferase (GST) activity due to ferulic acid content. OBJECTIVES GST inhibition activity and characterization of Kanji and methanol extract of D. carota roots, and oral absorption pattern of ferulic acid from Kanji in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS GST inhibition activity of Kanji and methanol extract of D. carota roots in concentration range 0.001-100.00 mg/mL was determined using Sprague Dawley rat liver cytosolic fraction. Methanol extract upon column chromatography gave ferulic acid, which was used to characterize Kanji and determine its oral absorption pattern in Wistar rats. RESULTS The GST inhibition activity of Kanji (100.00 μg/mL), methanol extract of D. carota roots (100.00 μg/mL) and tannic acid (10.00 μg/mL, positive control) was found to be 0.162 ± 0.016, 0.106 ± 0.013 and 0.073 ± 0.004 μM/min/mg, respectively. Different Kanji samples and methanol extract contained ferulic acid (0.222-0.316 mg/g) and 0.77 mg/g, respectively. Ferulic acid did not appear in plasma after oral administration of Kanji. DISCUSSION Kanji having solid contents 80.0 μg/mL, equivalent to 0.0025 μg/mL ferulic acid, does not inhibit the activity of GST. The oral administration of Kanji, in human equivalent dose (528 mg/kg, 16.67 μg ferulic acid), to rats indicated poor absorption of ferulic acid. CONCLUSION Kanji having solid contents 14-36 mg/mL does not inhibit GST activity, hence may not interfere with drugs that are the substrates of GST, if taken concomitantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Latif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Islam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Rukhsana Anwar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Humaira Majeed Khan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Famewo EB, Clarke AM, Wiid I, Ngwane A, van Helden P, Afolayan AJ. Anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:780-789. [PMID: 29085406 PMCID: PMC5656206 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i3.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become a global public health problem. Polyherbal medicines offer great hope for developing alternative drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-tubercular activity of polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis. METHODS The remedies were screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using Middlebrook 7H9 media and MGIT BACTEC 960 system. They were liquid preparations from King Williams Town site A (KWTa), King Williams Town site B (KWTb), King Williams Town site C (KWTc), Hogsback first site (HBfs), Hogsback second site (HBss), Hogsback third site (HBts), East London (EL), Alice (AL) and Fort Beaufort (FB). RESULTS The susceptibility testing revealed that all the remedies contain anti-tubercular activity with KWTa, KWTb, KWTc, HBfs, HBts, AL and FB exhibiting more activity at a concentration below 25 µl/ml. Furthermore, MIC values exhibited inhibitory activity with the most active remedies from KWTa, HBfs and HBts at 1.562 µg/ml. However, isoniazid showed more inhibitory activity against M. tuberculosis at 0.05 µg/ml when compare to the polyherbal remedies. CONCLUSION This study has indicated that these remedies could be potential sources of new anti-mycobacterial agents against M. tuberculosis. However, the activity of these preparations and their active principles still require in vivo study in order to assess their future as new anti-tuberculosis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Famewo
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Anna M Clarke
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Ian Wiid
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Andile Ngwane
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Paul van Helden
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Anthony J Afolayan
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
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Ganesan K, Jayachandran M, Xu B. A critical review on hepatoprotective effects of bioactive food components. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1165-1229. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1244154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University–Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
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20
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Sodimbaku V, Pujari L, Mullangi R, Marri S. Carrot (Daucus carota L.): Nephroprotective against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 48:122-7. [PMID: 27127313 PMCID: PMC4825426 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.178822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Daucus carota L.(DC) commonly known as carrot, folkorically used as ethnomedicine to treat nephrosis and other urinary disorders. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of ethanolic root extract of DC against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in Albino Wistar rats. Methods: Nephrotoxicity in rats was induced by intraperitoneal administration of gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 days. Rats of either sex were divided into four groups (n = 6). Group 1 served as control that received normal saline (i.p.) whereas Group 2 (GM) was treated with gentamicin which served as gentamicin-intoxicated group. Group 3–4 (DC200, DC 400) were pretreated with DC at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg (p.o.), respectively, 1 h before the gentamicin intoxication. Following treatment, the nephroprotective effects of DC were evaluated by using serum levels of urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, and creatinine levels; change in body weight and wet kidney weight along with the histological observations among the experimental groups. Results: Gentamicin intoxication induced elevated serum urea, BUN, uric acid, and creatinine levels which was found to be significantly (P < 0.01) decreased in a dose-dependent manner in groups received DC which was also evidenced by the histological observations. Conclusion: DC showed a significant nephroprotective effect in a dose-dependent manner by ameliorating the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and thus authenticates its ethnomedicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Sodimbaku
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Latha Pujari
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raviteja Mullangi
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Saisudheer Marri
- Department of Pharmacology, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Indigenous Uses and Pharmacological Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Mount Taibai, China. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8329817. [PMID: 28303162 PMCID: PMC5338068 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8329817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the indigenous use and pharmacological activity of traditional medicinal plants of Mount Taibai, China. Pharmacological data were collected by conducting informal interviews with local experienced doctors practicing traditional Chinese medicine and via open-ended questionnaires on villagers. We conclude that the residents of Mt. Taibai possess rich pharmacological knowledge. This study may help identify high-value traditional medicinal plant species, promote economic development associated with local medicinal plants, and increase awareness from government departments.
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Abstract
The liver has the crucial role in the regulation of various physiological processes and in the excretion of endogenous waste metabolites and xenobiotics. Liver structure impairment can be caused by various factors including microorganisms, autoimmune diseases, chemicals, alcohol and drugs. The plant kingdom is full of liver protective chemicals such as phenols, coumarins, lignans, essential oils, monoterpenes, carotenoids, glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, lipids, alkaloids and xanthenes. Apiaceae plants are usually used as a vegetable or as a spice, but their other functional properties are also very important. This review highlights the significance of caraway, dill, cumin, aniseed, fennel, coriander, celery, lovage, angelica, parsley and carrot, which are popular vegetables and spices, but possess hepatoprotective potential. These plants can be used for medicinal applications to patients who suffer from liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica G. Aćimović
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša B. Milić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Salehi M, Setayesh M, Mokaberinejad R. Treatment of Recurrent Ovarian Cysts and Primary Infertility by Iranian Traditional Medicine: A Case Report. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2016; 22:374-377. [PMID: 27932523 PMCID: PMC5871164 DOI: 10.1177/2156587216681937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a medical and psychosocial problem with a high prevalence. There are different treatments for this problem in Iranian traditional medicine. A 28-year-old woman presented with the complaints of 4 emergency operations of the left ovarian cyst during 4 years and infertility. Diagnostic laparoscopy showed an ovarian cyst, adhesion, and endometriosis. Hysteroscopy was unremarkable. After 2 months of letrozole administration, the ovarian cyst ruptured again. Considering the failure of conventional treatments, Iranian traditional medicine products were administered to the patient. After 3 months, the patient conceived and delivered a healthy boy through normal vaginal delivery. These compounds may help with pregnancy as a uterine tonic, vitalizer, and aphrodisiac with brain and cardiac tonic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Salehi
- 1 Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Setayesh
- 1 Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Mokaberinejad
- 2 Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Miras-Moreno B, Almagro L, Pedreño MA, Sabater-Jara AB. Enhanced accumulation of phytosterols and phenolic compounds in cyclodextrin-elicited cell suspension culture of Daucus carota. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 250:154-164. [PMID: 27457992 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, suspension-cultured cells of Daucus carota were used to evaluate the effect of β-cyclodextrins on the production of isoprenoid and phenolic compounds. The results showed that the phytosterols and phenolic compounds were accumulated in the extracellular medium (15100μgL(-1) and 477.46μgL(-1), respectively) in the presence of cyclodextrins. Unlike the phytosterol and phenolic compound content, β-carotene (1138.03μgL(-1)), lutein (25949.54μgL(-1)) and α-tocopherol (8063.82μgL(-1)) chlorophyll a (1625.13μgL(-1)) and b (9.958 (9958.33μgL(-1)) were mainly accumulated inside the cells. Therefore, cyclodextrins were able to induce the cytosolic mevalonate pathway, increasing the biosynthesis of phytosterols and phenolic compounds, and accumulate them outside the cells. However, in the absence of these cyclic oligosaccharidic elicitors, carrot cells mainly accumulated carotenoids through the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway. Therefore, the use of cyclodextrins would allow the extracellular accumulation of both phytosterols and phenolic compounds by diverting the carbon flux towards the cytosolic mevalonate/phenylpropanoid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - M A Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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Atawia RT, Esmat A, Elsherbiny DA, El-Demerdash E. Telmisartan ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 32:359-370. [PMID: 26929000 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reem T. Atawia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
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El-Demerdash FM, Abbady EA, Baghdadi HH. Oxidative stress modulation by Rosmarinus officinalis in creosote-induced hepatotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:85-92. [PMID: 25044495 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Coal tar is a significant product generated from coal pyrolysis. Coal tar can be utilized as raw materials for various industries. It is also a type of raw material from which phenols, naphthalenes, and anthracene can be extracted. The present study was designed to investigate the possibility of coal tar creosote to induce oxidative stress and biochemical perturbations in rat liver and the role of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in ameliorating its toxic effects. Male Wister Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of seven each, group I served as control; group II treated with rosemary (10 mL of water extract/kg BW for 21 days), group III received coal tar creosote (200 mg/4 mL olive oil/kg BW for 3 days), and group IV treated with both rosemary and coal tar creosote. The administration of coal tar creosote significantly caused elevation in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduction in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST). A significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) content was also observed. Liver aminotransferases aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT)] and alkaline phosphatase (AlP) were significantly decreased while lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased. Rosemary pretreatment to coal tar creosote-treated rats decreased LPO level and normalized GPx, GR, SOD, CAT, and GST activities, while GSH content was increased. Also, liver AST, ALT, AlP, and LDH were maintained near normal level due to rosemary treatment. In conclusion, rosemary has beneficial effects and could be able to antagonize coal tar creosote toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ehab A Abbady
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda H Baghdadi
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Chandra P, Kishore K, Ghosh AK. Assessment of Antisecretory, Gastroprotective, and In-vitro Antacid Potential of Daucus carota in Experimental Rats. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2015; 6:329-35. [PMID: 26835241 PMCID: PMC4700749 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In Indo China, carrots have been reported to regulate the functions of the stomach and intestines. The objective of the present investigation was to unravel the therapeutic potential of 50% ethanol extract from Daucus carota roots (EDC) on antisecretory, gastroprotective, and in vitro antacid capacity using experimental rats. Methods Assessment of EDC antisecretory and in vivo antacid capacities was carried out using a pyloric ligation induced ulcer model. The gastroprotective effect was assessed with an absolute ethanol induced ulcer model. The integrity of gastric mucosa was evaluated using the estimation of glutathione and gastric mucus level and with histopathological examination of gastric mucosal cells. The in-vitro antacid capacity was evaluated using a titration method. The effect of the extract on the liver was assessed by measuring serum biochemical parameters. Results The EDC significantly (p < 0.01–0.001) reduced gastric lesions in both models. Furthermore, the EDC also significantly (p < 0.05–0.001) reduced the volume of gastric content whereas the total acidity was significantly (p < 0.05–0.001) reduced with the doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg EDC. Moreover, the mucus content and glutathione level increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the absolute alcohol-induced ulcer. The EDC also showed in-vitro antacid capacity. Histopathological studies further confirmed the potential of EDC by inhibiting congestion, edema, hemorrhage, and necrosis in gastric mucosa. Conclusion The EDC exerted antisecretory, gastroprotective, and in vitro antacid potential. These activities could be attributed due to the presence of glycosides, phenolics, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phool Chandra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, India
| | - Kamal Kishore
- Department of Pharmacy, MJP Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Ashoke Kumar Ghosh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, India
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Nirmal NP, Rajput MS, Prasad RGSV, Ahmad M. Brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood and its pharmacological activities: A review. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015. [PMID: 26194825 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Caesalpinia sappan L. (CS) is a plant of Leguminosae family, commonly known as Brazil or Sappan wood. CS is distributed in Southeast Asia and its dried heartwood has been used as traditional ingredient of food or beverages and has a wide variety of medicinal properties. Higher extraction yield of CS wood was achieved with 95% ethanol for 2 h. Chemical constituent's investigation of sappan wood resulted in the isolation of various structural types of phenolic components including one xanthone, one coumarin, three chalcones, two flavones three homoisoflavonoids and brazilin. Brazilin [(6a S-cis)-7, 11b-dihydrobenz[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-3,6a,9,10(6H)- tetrol], a major and active compound found in CS heartwood. Most of the folkloric uses of brazilin were validated by the scientific studies such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-photoaging, hypoglycemic, vasorelaxant, hepatoprotective and anti-acne activity. CS heartwood extract is safe and did not produce any acute or subacute toxicity in both male and female rats. Brazilin is the safe natural compound having potential to develop as a medicinal compound with application in food, beverage, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries to screen its clinical use in modern medicine. The information gained could provide the important and potential approach for pharmaceutical researcher to implicate the knowledge of brazilin in the formulation of new drug and to reveal therapeutic and gaps requiring future research opportunities. More studies are needed to evaluate the potential application of brazilin as preservative and coloring agent in food processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh P Nirmal
- Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Block 10, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Acherfield Brisbane, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Mithun S Rajput
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, A.B. Road, Indore 452001, MP, India
| | - Rangabhatla G S V Prasad
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Nano Research for Advanced Materials, Bangalore 5600040, Karnataka, India
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Singh D, Arya PV, Sharma A, Dobhal MP, Gupta RS. Modulatory potential of α-amyrin against hepatic oxidative stress through antioxidant status in Wistar albino rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 161:186-193. [PMID: 25542388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE α-Amyrin (a pentacyclic triterpene widely distributed in nature and isolated from a variety of plant sources and pharmacologically shown a wide spectrum of activity including anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor, and hepatoprotective actions) explored as hepatomodulator from the ethanol extract of the stem bark of Alstonia scholaris Linn. against CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative stress through antioxidant status in wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental rats, hepato-oxidatively stressed by CCl4 (0.2 ml/kg b wt/twice a week, intra-peritoneally), were concurrently received α-amyrin (20mg/kg body weight/day, orally) for 30 consecutive days. Hepatomodulatory potential was assessed by using the serum- markers like γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aspartate and alanine transaminases (AST, ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and total bilirubin, total protein, glutathione reduced (GSH), ceruloplasmin, β-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E in serum concomitantly with the hepatic-antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and 5´-nucleotidase, acid ribonuclease, glucose-6-phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome-P-450 in liver tissue whereas lipid peroxidation (LPO) was estimated in both serum and liver contents. RESULTS The assessment of all biochemical parameters registered a significant (P<0.001) hepatic oxidative stress in CCl4 treated rats, which was considerably recovered near to almost normal level in rats co-administered with α-amyrin at the dose level of 20mg/kg body weight/day for 30 consecutive days. The histoarchitectural examination of liver sections from treated groups further corroborated the hepatomodulatory potential of α-amyrin and compared with standard drug-silymarin. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the modulatory potential of α-amyrin against hepatic oxidative stress possibly involve mechanism related to its ability to block the P-450 mediated CCl4 bioactivation through selective inhibitors of ROS (reactive oxygen species) as antioxidants brought about significant inhibition of the formation of LPO suggesting possible involvement of O2(●-), HO2, HO2(●-), H2O2 and •OH. Therefore this study suggests that the use of α-amyrin as a hepatomodulatory potent to feasibility for a promising liver curative drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India; Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India
| | - P V Arya
- Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India
| | - M P Dobhal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India
| | - R S Gupta
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India.
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Singh D, Arya PV, Aggarwal VP, Gupta RS. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves in Carbon Tetrachloride-Intoxicated Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:569-91. [PMID: 26785072 PMCID: PMC4665414 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the extract of Moringa oleifera leaves were investigated against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatotoxic rats were treated with ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera for a period of 60 days at the following three dose levels; 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day, orally. The activities were studied by assaying the serum marker enzymes like SGOT, SGPT, GGT, LDH, ALP, ACP, as well as total bilirubin, total protein and albumin in serum concomitantly with the activities of LPO, SOD, CAT, GSH, GR and GPx in liver. The activities of all parameters registered a significant (p ≤ 0.001) alteration in CCl4 treated rats, which were significantly recovered towards an almost normal level in rats co-administered with M. oleifera extract in a dose-dependent manner. All the biochemical investigations were confirmed by the histopathological observations and compared with the standard drug. silymarin. Results suggest that the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of M. oleifera leaves are possibly related to the free radical scavenging activity which might be due to the presence of total phenolics and flavonoids in the extract and/or the purified compounds β-sitosterol, quercetin and kaempferol, which were isolated from the ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India.
- Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India.
| | - Priya Vrat Arya
- Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India.
| | - Ved Prakash Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India.
| | - Radhey Shyam Gupta
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 055, India.
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Investigation of the Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Hypericum mysorense. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:526-43. [PMID: 26785069 PMCID: PMC4665411 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Hypericum is a well-known plant genus in herbal medicine. Hypericum mysorense (Family: Hypericaceae), a plant belonging to the same genus, is well known in folklore medicine for its varied therapeutic potential. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the different parts of the plant for antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. Materials and Methods: The methanol extracts of Hypericum mysorense prepared from various parts of the plant were tested in vitro for their free radical scavenging activity against ABTS• (diammonium salt), DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), NO•, O2•− and •OH radicals, using standard systems of assays. The total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the extracts were analyzed. Further, the leaf and flowering top extracts were tested for their in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities on Wistar rats using a carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury model. Results: The leaf and flowering top extract showed potent antioxidant activity and also possessed highest total phenolic and flavonoid content. The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic and flavonoid content present in these extracts showed a good correlation. The leaf and flowering top extracts at 200 mg/kg restored aspartate amino transferase (ASAT), alanine amino transferase (ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin and protein levels significantly in CCl4-intoxicated rats. The tested extracts also showed a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels with an increase in SOD and CAT levels. The histopathology of liver did not show any toxicity after the treatment with the extracts. The active extracts were standardized using two marker compounds, hyperoside and rutin, which were isolated from the plant by HPLC. HPLC studies revealed that the maximum concentration of hyperoside and rutin is present in the flowering top extract.
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Rohilla R, Garg T, Goyal AK, Rath G. Herbal and polymeric approaches for liver-targeting drug delivery: novel strategies and their significance. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:1645-61. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.945018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Jalali Ghassam B, Ghaffari H, Prakash HS, Kini KR. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Solanum xanthocarpum leaf extracts against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1060-1068. [PMID: 24646306 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.877490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Solanum xanthocarpum Schard. and Wendl. (Solanaceae) has been used in traditional Indian medicines for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiasthmatic properties. OBJECTIVE The present study demonstrates the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of S. xanthocarpum. On the basis of in vitro antioxidant properties, the active fraction from column chromatography of the methanol extract of S. xanthocarpum leaves (SXAF) was chosen as the potent fraction and used for hepatoprotective studies in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and reducing power assays. Rats were pre-treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. of SXAF for 14 d with a single dose of CCl4 in the last day. Hepatoprotective properties were determined by serum biochemical enzymes, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, and GST), and histopathology studies. RESULTS SXAF exhibited significant antioxidant activity in scavenging free radicals with IC50 values of 11.72 µg (DPPH) and 17.99 µg (ABTS). Rats pre-treated with SXAF demonstrated significantly reduced levels of serum LDH (1.7-fold), ALP (1.6-fold), and AST (1.8-fold). Similarly, multiple dose SXAF administration at 200 mg/kg b.w. demonstrated significantly enhanced levels of SOD (1.78 ± 0.13), CAT (34.63 ± 1.98), GST (231.64 ± 14.28), and GSH (8.23 ± 0.48) in liver homogenates. Histopathological examination showed lowered liver damage in SXAF-treated groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that SXAF possesses potent antioxidant properties as well as hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Jalali Ghassam
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore , Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka , India
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Rafiq Kumar M, Tauseef SM, Abbasi T, Abbasi SA. Control of amphibious weed ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea) by utilizing it for the extraction of volatile fatty acids as energy precursors. J Adv Res 2014; 6:73-8. [PMID: 25685545 PMCID: PMC4293666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), comprising mainly of acetic acid and lesser quantities of propionic and butyric acids, are generated when zoomass or phytomass is acted upon by acidogenic and acetogenic microorganisms. VFAs can be utilized by methanogens under anaerobic conditions to generate flammable methane–carbon dioxide mixtures known as ‘biogas’. Acting on the premise that this manner of VFA utilization for generating relatively clean energy can be easily accomplished in a controlled fashion in conventional biogas plants as well as higher-rate anaerobic digesters, we have carried out studies aimed to generate VFAs from the pernicious weed ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea). The VFA extraction was accomplished by a simple yet effective technology, appropriate for use even by laypersons. For this acid-phase reactors were set, to which measured quantities of ipomoea leaves were charged along with water inoculated with cow dung. The reactors were stirred intermittently. It was found that VFA production started within hours of the mixing of the reactants and peaked by the 10th or 11th day in all the reactors, effecting a conversion of over 10% of the biomass into VFAs. The reactor performance had good reproducibility and the process appeared easily controllable, frugal and robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rafiq Kumar
- Center for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - S M Tauseef
- Center for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Tasneem Abbasi
- Center for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - S A Abbasi
- Center for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
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Hepatoprotective Effects of Silybum marianum (Silymarin) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhizin) in Combination: A Possible Synergy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:641597. [PMID: 24795768 PMCID: PMC3984823 DOI: 10.1155/2014/641597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and transaminase reactions are some of the mechanisms that can lead to liver dysfunction. A time-dependent study was designed to evaluate the ability of silymarin (SLN) and glycyrrhizin (GLN) in different dosage regimens to lessen oxidative stress in the rats with hepatic injury caused by the hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride. Wistar male albino rats (n = 60) were randomly assigned to six groups. Group A served as a positive control while groups B, C, D, E, and F received a dose of CCl4 (50% solution of CCl4 in liquid paraffin, 2 mL/kg, intraperitoneally) twice a week to induce hepatic injury. Additionally, the animals received SLN and GLN in different doses for a period of six weeks. CCl4 was found to induce hepatic injury by significantly increasing serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances while decreasing total protein and the activities of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Treatment with various doses of SLN and GLN significantly reduced ALT, AST, ALP, and TBARS levels and increased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. Our findings indicated that SLN and GLN have hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress of the liver.
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da Silva Dias JC. Nutritional and Health Benefits of Carrots and Their Seed Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.522227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Afzal M, Kazmi I, Kaur R, Ahmad A, Pravez M, Anwar F. Comparison of protective and curative potential of Daucus carota root extract on renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:856-862. [PMID: 23627465 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.767840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Daucus carota Linn (Apiaceae), a useful vegetable, is traditionally used in treating kidney and hepatic dysfunctions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective and curative potential of D. carota root extract on renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were selected with 8 + 8 groups (n = 6). Renal pedicles of rats were occluded for 45 min and allowed for reperfusion period. In protective and curative studies, 14 days prior and 14 days after the induction of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), rats received petroleum ether extract (PEE 250 and 500 mg/kg), fractional methanol extract (FME 250 and 500 mg/kg) and direct methanol extract (DME 250 and 500 mg/kg) of Daucus carota root, orally, once daily. RESULTS PEE at a dose of 500 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the levels of serum creatinine (0.853-3.090 mg/dl), uric acid (1.300-3.500 mg/dl) and urea (58.26-132.00 mg/dl) compared to disease control. FME at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the levels of serum creatinine (0.960-3.090 mg/dl), uric acid (1.700-3.500 mg/dl) and urea (77.17-132.00 mg/dl) compared to disease control. DME at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the levels of serum creatinine (1.173-3.090 mg/dl), uric acid (2.267-3.500 mg/dl) and urea (84.75-132.00 mg/dl) compared to disease control. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Findings demonstrate that postconditioning with the D. carota root extract significantly improves kidney function in I/R rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, Siddhartha Institute of Pharmacy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Abdallah HM, Mohamed MA, Abdou AM, Hamed MM, Abdel-Naim AB, Ashour OM. Protective effect of Centaurea pallescens Del. against CCl4-induced injury on a human hepatoma cell line (Huh7). Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Extraction and bioactivity of polygonatum polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 54:131-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Lee SW, Yang KM, Kim JK, Nam BH, Lee CM, Jeong MH, Seo SY, Kim GY, Jo WS. Effects of White Radish (Raphanus sativus) Enzyme Extract on Hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Res 2012; 28:165-72. [PMID: 24278606 PMCID: PMC3834419 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2012.28.3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Raphanus sativus (Cruciferaceae), commonly known as radish is widely available throughout the world. From antiquity it has been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of radish (Raphanus sativus) enzyme extract (REE) in vitro and in vivo test. The IC50 values of REE in human liver derived HepG2 cells was over 5,000 μg/ml in tested maximum concentration. The effect of REE to protect tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. REE showed their hepatoprotective activities on tacrineinduced cytotoxicity and the EC50 value was 1,250 μg/ml. Silymarin, an antihepatotoxic agent used as a positive control exhibited 59.7% hepatoprotective activitiy at 100 μg/ml. Moreover, we tested the effect of REE on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in rats. REE at dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg and silymarin at dose of 50 mg/kg were orally administered to CCl4-treated rats. The results showed that REE and silymarin significantly reduced the elevated levels of serum enzyme markers induced by CCl4. The biochemical data were supported by evaluation with liver histopathology. These findings suggest that REE, can significantly diminish hepatic damage by toxic agent such as tacrine or CCl4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Wha Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 602-714, Korea
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Investigation of the Hepatoprotective Effects of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Toxicity. J Membr Biol 2012; 246:1-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-012-9494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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43
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Rezaei-Moghadam A, Mohajeri D, Rafiei B, Dizaji R, Azhdari A, Yeganehzad M, Shahidi M, Mazani M. Effect of turmeric and carrot seed extracts on serum liver biomarkers and hepatic lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant status in rats. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2012; 2:151-7. [PMID: 23678453 PMCID: PMC3648928 DOI: 10.5681/bi.2012.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pathogenic role of free radicals are well known in various metabolic diseases. They originate from internal and external sources of body. Essential roles of antioxidant defense system for cellular redox regulation and free radical scavenging activity were described in this study. Many in vitro investigations have shown that turmeric (TE) and carrot seed extract (CSE) exhibits to possess antioxidant activities. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant potentials of ethanolic TE and CSE based on in vivo experiment in the rats. METHODS ANIMALS WERE ASSIGNED TO SIX GROUPS: the 1st and 2nd groups were control groups and 2nd group received 0.2 ml dimethyl sulphoxide as vehicle treated group; other four experimental groups received different doses of TE (100, 200 mg/kg b.w.) and CSE (200, 400 mg/kg b.w.) by gavages, respectively for a period of one month. The indicators of oxidative stress, lipids peroxidation, markers of hepatocyte injury and biliary function markers were measured. RESULTS The levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were significantly stimulated in the hepatic tissue of treatment groups. The malondialdehyde contents of liver tissue were significantly reduced in the groups fed with TE and CSE. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, in treated groups were found to be significantly decreased, whereas albumin and total protein increased as compared to the control groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION this study showed that the regular intake of TE and CSE through the diet can improve antioxidant status and inhibit peroxidation activity in the liver tissue so that using these extracts may protect tissue oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daryoush Mohajeri
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnam Rafiei
- Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rana Dizaji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Asghar Azhdari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Yeganehzad
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mazani
- Department of Biochemistry, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
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Lv L, Jiang C, Li J, Zheng T. Protective effects of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) germ oil against carbon tetrachloride-induced injury in mice and cultured PC-12 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1447-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Desai SN, Patel DK, Devkar RV, Patel PV, Ramachandran A. Hepatoprotective potential of polyphenol rich extract of Murraya koenigii L.: An in vivo study. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:310-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pharmacological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Daucus carota Linn root formulated cream on wound healing using excision and incision wound model. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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47
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Raj VP, Chandrasekhar RH, P V, S A D, Rao MC, Rao VJ, Nitesh K. In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of the total alkaloid fraction of Hygrophila auriculata leaves. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 42:99-104. [PMID: 20711375 PMCID: PMC2907024 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.64500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2008] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the total alkaloid fraction of the methanol extract of leaves of Hygrophila auriculata for its hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-induced toxicity in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, HepG2 cells, and animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mature leaves of H. auriculata were collected, authenticated, and subjected to methanolic extraction followed by isolation of total alkaloid fraction. Freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were exposed to CCl4 (1%) along with/without various concentrations of the total alkaloid fraction (80-40 microg/ml). Protection of human liver-derived HepG2 cells against CCl4-induced damage was determined by the MTT assay. Twenty-four healthy Wistar albino rats (150-200 g) of either sex were used for the in vivo investigations. Liver damage was induced by administration of 30% CCl4 suspended in olive oil (1 ml/kg body weight, i.p). RESULTS The antihepatotoxic effect of the total alkaloid fraction was observed in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes at very low concentrations (80-40 microg/ml). A dose-dependent increase in the percentage viability was observed when CCl4-exposed HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of the total alkaloid fraction. Its in vivo hepatoprotective effect at 80 mg/kg body weight was comparable with that of the standard Silymarin at 250 mg/kg body weight. CONCLUSION The total alkaloid fraction was able to normalize the biochemical levels which were altered due to CCl4 intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanth P Raj
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576 104, India
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48
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Hong IH, Ji H, Hwa SY, Jeong WI, Jeong DH, Do SH, Kim JM, Ki MR, Park JK, Goo MJ, Hwang OK, Hong KS, Han JY, Chung HY, Jeong KS. The protective effect of ENA Actimineral resource A on CCl4-induced liver injury in rats. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 13:462-473. [PMID: 20922552 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-010-9317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ENA Actimineral Resource A (ENA-A) is alkaline water that is composed of refined edible cuttlefish bone and two different species of seaweed, Phymatolithon calcareum and Lithothamnion corallioides. In the present study, ENA-A was investigated as an antioxidant to protect against CCl(4)-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver injury was induced by either subacute or chronic CCl(4) administration, and the rats had free access to tap water mixed with 0% (control group) or 10% (v/v) ENA-A for 5 or 8 weeks. The results of histological examination and measurement of antioxidant activity showed that the reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, induction of CYP2E1 were decreased and the antioxidant activity, including glutathione and catalase production, was increased in the ENA-A groups as compared with the control group. On 2-DE gel analysis of the proteomes, 13 differentially expressed proteins were obtained in the ENA-A groups as compared with the control group. Antioxidant proteins, including glutathione S-transferase, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, and peroxiredoxin 1, were increased with hepatocyte nuclear factor 3-beta and serum albumin precursor, and kininogen precursor decreased more in the ENA-A groups than compared to the control group. In conclusion, our results suggest that ENA-A does indeed have some protective capabilities against CCl(4)-induced liver injury through its antioxidant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Hwa Hong
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Fu HW, Zhang L, Yi T, Feng YL, Tian JK. Guaiane type sesquiterpenes and other constituents from Daucus carota L. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2009.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Krishna K, Mruthunjay K, Patel JA. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Stem Methanolic Extract of Justicia gendarussa Burm. INT J PHARMACOL 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2010.72.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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