Childhood back pain: diagnostic evaluation of an unusual case

Non-spinal low back pain: Global epidemiology, trends, and risk factors

Background and Aims

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most debilitating and prevalent disorders. The prevalence of LBP ranges from 30% to 80%, depending on the population, and increases with age. Causes of LBP are typically classified as spinal and non-spinal. The main goal of this study was to investigate the non-spinal causes of LBP, since neglecting these factors leads to increases in the financial, psychological, and physical burden of LBP on individuals as well as on society.

Methods

The data were extracted after searching the PubMed database and Google Scholar search engine up to October 27, 2021. We included all studies that were conducted on a human population and assessed the effects of epidemiological, biological, psychological, and sociodemographic factors on the incidence or progression of LBP.

Results

The most common causes of non-spinal LBP were diseases such as nephrolithiasis, endometriosis, tumors, fibromyalgia, and conditions like psychological disorders and pregnancy. Nevertheless, the perceived intensity of the pain can be affected by factors such as socioeconomic level, genetics, age, habits, diet, and psychological status.

Conclusion

The epidemiology, etiologies, and risk factors associated with LBP should be more clearly recognized to better prevent, diagnose, and treat the underlying disease and to reduce the burden of LBP.

Ependymoma as a cause of low back pain in a young healthy athlete

Young athletes with exercise-associated, acute low back pain are likely to be symptomatic from musculoskeletal trauma. Those who experience more insidious pain or pain not associated with physical activity must be assessed for infectious, inflammatory, or mass lesions. We present an adolescent athlete who was suspected of an overuse syndrome as the cause for low back pain. The case illustrates the potential hazard of such a presumptive diagnosis. The patient was found to have a myxopapillary ependymoma of the lumbar spine. This case emphasizes the importance of follow-up care.