1
|
Menendez L, Milo R, Cohen OS, Chapman J, Rosenmann H, Nitsan Z, Kahana E, Appel S. Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Turkish Jews-demographic and clinical features. Acta Neurol Scand 2022; 146:586-589. [PMID: 35974683 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The largest cluster of genetic Creutzfeldt- Jakob Disease (CJD) exists in Libyan Jews carrying the E200K mutation in the PRNP gene. However, there is another cluster of genetic CJD with E200K mutation in families of Turkish-Jewish origin. AIMS In this retrospective study, we aim to describe the demographic and clinical features of this population of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Israeli National CJD database was searched for demographic, clinical, imaging, and laboratory data of genetic CJD patients of Libyan and Turkish ancestry with the E200K mutation. The data of Libyan and Turkish patients were compared with notice similar or different demographic or clinical courses. RESULTS Four hundred and twenty-three patients with CJD of Libyan (L) ancestry and 27 patients with CJD of Turkish (T) ancestry were identified. There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical data between the two populations (age of onset: T = 62 ± 8.8, L = 60 ± 9.7; age of death: T = 63 ± 8.6, L = 61 ± 9.7; and disease duration: T = 7.8 ± 8.4 months, L = 9.6 ± 13.6 months). Rapidly progressive dementia was the most common presentation in both groups, followed by pure cerebellar onset. The levels of tau protein in CSF did not differ between groups (T = 1290 ± 397.6 pg/ml, L = 1276 ± 594.2 pg/ml). MRI and EEG showed classical CJD features in most patients in both groups. DISCUSSION The E200K mutation is the most common mutation among gCJD patients and was reported in different ethnical populations, suggesting several independent haplotypes of the mutation. The Turkish-Jew cluster, first described in this study, shares similar demographic and clinical features with the bigger cluster of Libyan-Jews CJD patients. CONCLUSION E200K gCJD patients of Turkish ancestry share similar demographic and clinical features to patients of Libyan descent, suggesting a common origin of both populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Menendez
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Ron Milo
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Oren S Cohen
- Department of Neurology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurology, The Sagol Neuroscience Center, and Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hanna Rosenmann
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zeev Nitsan
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Esther Kahana
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shmuel Appel
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cimino ME. Letter to the Editor: Demonstrating Neurologic Research Disparities in the Himalayas Through Literature Review. High Alt Med Biol 2020; 21:438-439. [PMID: 32907402 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2020.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus E Cimino
- Department of Neurology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Slovak Patients: over 10-Year Period Review. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5919-5927. [PMID: 27665282 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare, but rapidly progressive, up to now untreatable and fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is difficult; however, it can be facilitated by suitable biomarkers. Aim of the present study is to compare levels of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (total tau protein, phosphorylated-tau protein, protein 14-3-3 and amyloid beta) in Slovak population of CJD suspect cases, retrospectively in over a 10-year period. One thousand three hundred sixty-four CSF samples from patients with suspect CJD, forming a homogenous group in terms of geographical as well as of equal transport conditions, storage and laboratory processing, were analysed. Definite diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was confirmed in 101 patients with genetic form, and 60 patients with its sporadic form of the disease. Specificity of protein 14-3-3 and total tau in both forms CJD was similar (87 % for P14-3-3/85 % for total tau), sensitivity to P 14-3-3 and total tau was higher in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) (90/95 %) than in genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (gCJD) (89/74 %). As expected, the total tau levels were significantly higher in CJD patients than in controls, but there was also significant difference between gCJD and sCJD (levels in gCJD were lower; p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in p-tau and Aβ 1-42 levels neither between both CJD forms nor between CJD patients and control group.
Collapse
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Zerr
- National TSE Reference Center, Department of Neurology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Studies on hereditary CJD and FFI have contributed greatly to the understanding of all forms of prion disease. Most importantly, they have provided strong support for the prion hypothesis [2]. The linkage of pathogenic PRNP mutations to human prion disease strengthens the notion that a change in PrP conformation is a key event that triggers the development of the disease. Although hereditary CJD and FFI account for only 10% of all cases of human prion disease, they provide a unique opportunity for studying disease pathogenesis initiated by perturbation in the PrP structure. An understanding of the events that accompany a change in PrP conformation has far-reaching implications for sCJD (the most common form of the disease) and for sporadic fatal insomnia. A wealth of available evidence indicates that a common pathway in disease pathogenesis may be shared by both the sporadic and the hereditary forms of prion disease, except that the initiating events are stochastic in the former, rather than predetermined by the presence of a germ-line mutation. In addition, investigations of hereditary CJD and FFI have provided plausible mechanisms of phenotypic heterogeneity in prion disease, a phenomenon analogous to the "prion strain" diversity in animal prion disease. Although many other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's chorea are fairly homogeneous in disease phenotype, prion disease includes many clinically and pathologically distinct disease entities. In hereditary prion disease, the disease phenotype is likely to be determined by the combined effect of pathogenic mutations, codon 129 polymorphism, and the type of PrPSc. The pathogenic mutations include point mutations that are located mostly in the central and C-terminal region of PrP, and deletion and insertion mutations that are located in the N-terminal region. It is conceivable that these distinct types of mutations may result in differential changes in conformation or stability of PrP. The codon 129 polymorphism plays a twofold role in modulating the disease outcome. On the mutant allele, it determines the basic features of the disease phenotype--as in the case of FFI and CJD178--that result respectively from the coupling of M or V at codon 129 with the D178N mutation. On the normal allele, it may modulate the severity of the phenotype. A PrPSc subtype is encoded by the PRNP haplotype, and subsequently is generated by a conformational conversion process that transforms the cellular isoform to the pathogenic protein. The site for the formation of a specific PrPSc conformer and its accumulation in different brain regions are likely to contribute to the clinical features and pathologic lesions. The phenotypic homogeneity in other neurologic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, may be due, in part, to the lack of a powerful genetic modifier such as the codon 129 polymorphism in the PrP gene, and the lack of the ability of affected gene products such as PrP to assume multiple protein conformations. Clearly, the remaining issue in the understanding of pathogenesis of prion disease is a detailed and accurate knowledge of the in vivo processes and conditions for the formation of PrPSc that inevitably lead to the development and expression of the disease. This knowledge will enable the development of a rational and effective strategy for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Gambetti
- Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, and National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center, 2085 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH 44106-4907, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Colombo R. Age and origin of the PRNP E200K mutation causing familial Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease in Libyan Jews. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 67:528-31. [PMID: 10889050 PMCID: PMC1287202 DOI: 10.1086/303021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
7
|
Lee HS, Sambuughin N, Cervenakova L, Chapman J, Pocchiari M, Litvak S, Qi HY, Budka H, del Ser T, Furukawa H, Brown P, Gajdusek DC, Long JC, Korczyn AD, Goldfarb LG. Ancestral origins and worldwide distribution of the PRNP 200K mutation causing familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Am J Hum Genet 1999; 64:1063-70. [PMID: 10090891 PMCID: PMC1377830 DOI: 10.1086/302340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) belongs to a group of prion diseases that may be infectious, sporadic, or hereditary. The 200K point mutation in the PRNP gene is the most frequent cause of hereditary CJD, accounting for >70% of families with CJD worldwide. Prevalence of the 200K variant of familial CJD is especially high in Slovakia, Chile, and Italy, and among populations of Libyan and Tunisian Jews. To study ancestral origins of the 200K mutation-associated chromosomes, we selected microsatellite markers flanking the PRNP gene on chromosome 20p12-pter and an intragenic single-nucleotide polymorphism at the PRNP codon 129. Haplotypes were constructed for 62 CJD families originating from 11 world populations. The results show that Libyan, Tunisian, Italian, Chilean, and Spanish families share a major haplotype, suggesting that the 200K mutation may have originated from a single mutational event, perhaps in Spain, and spread to all these populations with Sephardic migrants expelled from Spain in the Middle Ages. Slovakian families and a family of Polish origin show another unique haplotype. The haplotypes in families from Germany, Sicily, Austria, and Japan are different from the Mediterranean or eastern European haplotypes. On the basis of this study, we conclude that founder effect and independent mutational events are responsible for the current geographic distribution of hereditary CJD associated with the 200K mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H S Lee
- Clinical Neurogenetics Unit, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tishkoff SA, Goldman A, Calafell F, Speed WC, Deinard AS, Bonne-Tamir B, Kidd JR, Pakstis AJ, Jenkins T, Kidd KK. A global haplotype analysis of the myotonic dystrophy locus: implications for the evolution of modern humans and for the origin of myotonic dystrophy mutations. Am J Hum Genet 1998; 62:1389-402. [PMID: 9585589 PMCID: PMC1377140 DOI: 10.1086/301861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Haplotypes consisting of the (CTG)n repeat, as well as several flanking markers at the myotonic dystrophy (DM) locus, were analyzed in normal individuals from 25 human populations (5 African, 2 Middle Eastern, 3 European, 6 East Asian, 3 Pacific/Australo-Melanesian, and 6 Amerindian) and in five nonhuman primate species. Non-African populations have a subset of the haplotype diversity present in Africa, as well as a shared pattern of allelic association. (CTG)18-35 alleles (large normal) were observed only in northeastern African and non-African populations and exhibit strong linkage disequilibrium with three markers flanking the (CTG)n repeat. The pattern of haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium observed supports a recent African-origin model of modern human evolution and suggests that the original mutation event that gave rise to DM-causing alleles arose in a population ancestral to non-Africans prior to migration of modern humans out of Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Tishkoff
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8005, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meiner Z, Gabizon R, Prusiner SB. Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Codon 200 prion disease in Libyan Jews. Medicine (Baltimore) 1997; 76:227-37. [PMID: 9279329 DOI: 10.1097/00005792-199707000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most prevalent of the human prion diseases, a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders afflicting both humans and animals. The unique characteristic of these diseases, whether sporadic, dominantly inherited, or acquired by transmission, is the accumulation in the brain of an abnormal isoform (PrPSc) of the cellular prion protein (PrPc). Progress has been made in understanding inherited prion diseases by genetically linking clusters of familial CJD (fCJD) to mutations of the PrP gene (PRNP). One of the largest clusters of fCJD exists among Jews of Libyan origin. The clinical and pathologic manifestations of CJD in this community resemble those seen with sporadic CJD (sCJD), but the incidence is about 100 times higher than in the general population. Initially, this high incidence was attributed to infection via consumption of sheep brains or eyeballs, but a mutation at codon 200 in PRNP resulting in the substitution of lysine (K) for glutamate (E), designated E200K, was identified in this population. The onset of fCJD (E200K) is age dependent and shows nearly complete penetrance by age 85 years. fCJD in Libyan Jews is invariably associated with accumulation of the pathologic isoform PrPSc in the central nervous system. Using mutation-specific antibodies, it was shown that most PrPSc in the brain of these patients originated from the mutant protein. Some studies suggest that mutant PrP may accumulate in brain and other organs due to an impaired degradation, and its accumulation has been postulated to promote conversion into PrPSc. fCJD (E200K) has been transmitted to primates and transgenic mice, highlighting the need to address ethical and public health issues surrounding the possibility of human to human transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Meiner
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco 94143, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|