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Aktories K, Gierschik P, Heringdorf DMZ, Schmidt M, Schultz G, Wieland T. cAMP guided his way: a life for G protein-mediated signal transduction and molecular pharmacology-tribute to Karl H. Jakobs. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:887-911. [PMID: 31101932 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Karl H. Jakobs, former editor-in-chief of Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology and renowned molecular pharmacologist, passed away in April 2018. In this article, his scientific achievements regarding G protein-mediated signal transduction and regulation of canonical pathways are summarized. Particularly, the discovery of inhibitory G proteins for adenylyl cyclase, methods for the analysis of receptor-G protein interactions, GTP supply by nucleoside diphosphate kinases, mechanisms in phospholipase C and phospholipase D activity regulation, as well as the development of the concept of sphingosine-1-phosphate as extra- and intracellular messenger will presented. His seminal scientific and methodological contributions are put in a general and timely perspective to display and honor his outstanding input to the current knowledge in molecular pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Aktories
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gierschik
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89070, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dagmar Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Goethe University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Günter Schultz
- Department of Pharmacology, Charité University Medical Center Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim (EPM), European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 13 - 17, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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Vieira PS, de Giuseppe PO, Murakami MT, de Oliveira AHC. Crystal structure and biophysical characterization of the nucleoside diphosphate kinase from Leishmania braziliensis. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 15:2. [PMID: 25643978 PMCID: PMC4322457 DOI: 10.1186/s12900-015-0030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK) is a housekeeping enzyme that plays key roles in nucleotide recycling and homeostasis in trypanosomatids. It is also secreted by the intracellular parasite Leishmania to modulate the host response. These functions make NDK an attractive target for drug design and for studies aiming at a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating host-pathogen interactions. RESULTS We report the crystal structure and biophysical characterization of the NDK from Leishmania braziliensis (LbNDK). The subunit consists of six α-helices along with a core of four β-strands arranged in a β2β3β1β4 antiparallel topology order. In contrast to the NDK from L. major, the LbNDK C-terminal extension is partially unfolded. SAXS data showed that LbNDK forms hexamers in solution in the pH range from 7.0 to 4.0, a hydrodynamic behavior conserved in most eukaryotic NDKs. However, DSF assays show that acidification and alkalization decrease the hexamer stability. CONCLUSIONS Our results support that LbNDK remains hexameric in pH conditions akin to that faced by this enzyme when secreted by Leishmania amastigotes in the parasitophorous vacuoles (pH 4.7 to 5.3). The unusual unfolded conformation of LbNDK C-terminus decreases the surface buried in the trimer interface exposing new regions that might be explored for the development of compounds designed to disturb enzyme oligomerization, which may impair the important nucleotide salvage pathway in these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plínio Salmazo Vieira
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Oliveira de Giuseppe
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mario Tyago Murakami
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas, Post office box 6192, Zip code: 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Arthur Henrique Cavalcante de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Zip Code 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Zhang D, Li JG, Chen C, Liu-Chen LY. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase associated with membranes modulates mu-opioid receptor-mediated [35S]GTPgammaS binding and agonist binding to mu-opioid receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 377:223-31. [PMID: 10456435 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDKP), which converts GDP to GTP, in the coupling of mu-opioid receptors to G protein was investigated in membranes of Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with the cloned rat mu-opioid receptor (rmor). Endogenous NDPK activity in membranes was determined to be 0.60+/-0.02 micromol/mg protein/30 min UDP (at 10 mM), a competitive substrate of NDPK for GDP with no effect on guanine nucleotide binding to G proteins, reduced basal [35S]GTPgammaS binding and unmasked morphine-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding to pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins, indicating that [35S]GTPgammaS binding to NDPK accounts for part of its high basal binding. UDP increased the extent of morphine-induced increase in [35S]GTPgammaS binding in the presence of GDP, most likely by reducing basal binding and inhibiting conversion of GDP to GTP. ATP greatly reduced morphine-induced increase in [35S]GTPgammaS binding, whereas AMP-PCP (adenylyl-(beta,gamma-methylene)-diphosphoate tetralithium salt), which cannot serve as the phosphate donor for NDPK, did not, demonstrating that effects of ATP is mediated by the NDPK product GTP. In addition, GDP and ATP increased the Kd and lowered the Bmax of the agonist [3H]DAMGO ([D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5ol]-Enkephalin) for the mu-opioid receptor and GDP alone increased Kd, most likely through their conversion to GTP by NDPK. Addition of exogenous NDPK enhanced the inhibitory effects of GDP and combined GDP and ATP on [3H]DAMGO binding. Thus, NDPK appears to play a role in modulating signal transduction of and agonist binding to mu-opioid receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/analogs & derivatives
- Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Animals
- CHO Cells
- Cell Membrane/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cricetinae
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Guanine Nucleotides/metabolism
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- Guanosine Diphosphate/metabolism
- Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase/physiology
- Pertussis Toxin
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/physiology
- Uridine Diphosphate/pharmacology
- Virulence Factors, Bordetella/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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4
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Abstract
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) catalyses the phosphate transfer between nucleoside triphosphates and nucleoside diphosphates. As formation of guanosine triphosphate could be dependent on ATP in neutrophils, the presence of NDP kinase was tested in these phagocytic cells. Both membrane and cytosolic fractions of human neutrophils were found to contain NDP kinase activity. The specific activity measured in the cytosol appeared 10-fold higher than in the membrane and was not modified when the cells were activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Interestingly, stimulation with N-formylmethionyl leucylphenylalanine in the presence of cytochalasin B showed an increase in membrane NDP kinase activity together with the translocation of the enzyme from the cytosol to the membrane, suggesting a possible role of NDP kinase in regulating G-proteins as previously reported. In addition, activation with opsonized zymosan induced an increase in cytosolic activity, suggesting different regulation depending on the signal transduction pathway. The neutrophil enzyme consisted of two subunits of 21 kDa (NDPKA) and 18 kDa (NDPKB) again essentially present in the cytosol of the cell. Separation of proteins by two-dimensional PAGE demonstrated that each subunit consisted of at least four isoforms, indicating post translational modifications. A characteristic of this family of enzymes is the stability of the phosphorylated intermediate. In neutrophils, only one acidic isoform of each NDPKA and NDPKB was labelled in the presence of EDTA. In addition, non-denatured complexes were apparent between 91 and 130 kDa, suggesting a hexameric structure as was also proposed for NDP kinases from other eukaryotic cells. These complexes were found to differ in their isoelectric points, indicating the existence of various isoenzymes probably resulting from combination between several isoforms of each subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guignard
- Central Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Piacentini L, Niroomand F. Phosphotransfer reactions as a means of G protein activation. Mol Cell Biochem 1996; 157:59-63. [PMID: 8739229 DOI: 10.1007/bf00227881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) serve to transduce information from agonist-bound receptors to effector enzymes or ion channels. Current models of G protein activation-deactivation indicate that the oligomeric GDP-bound form must undergo release of GDP, bind GTP and undergo subunit dissociation, in order to be in active form (GTP bound alpha subunits and free beta gamma dimers) and to regulate effectors. The effect of receptor occupation by an agonist is generally accepted to be promotion of guanine nucleotide exchange thus allowing activation of the G protein. Recent studies indicate that transphosphorylation leading to the formation of GTP from GDP and ATP in the close vicinity, or even at the G protein, catalysed by membrane-associated nucleoside diphosphate kinase, may further activate G proteins. This activation is demonstrated by a decreased affinity of G protein-coupled receptors for agonists and an increased response of G protein coupled effectors. In addition, a phosphorylation of G protein beta subunits and consequent phosphate transfer reaction resulting in G protein activation has also been demonstrated. Finally, endogenously formed GTP was preferentially effective in activating some G proteins compared to exogenous GTP. The aim of this report is to present an overview of the evidence to date for a transphosphorylation as a means of G protein activation (see also refs [1 and 2] for reviews).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Piacentini
- Innere Medizin III - Kardiologie, Universität Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Yi XB, Seitzer NM, de S Otero A. Neutralizing antibodies to nucleoside diphosphate kinase inhibit the enzyme in vitro and in vivo: evidence for two distinct mechanisms of activation of atrial currents by ATPgammaS. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1996; 1310:334-42. [PMID: 8599612 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4889(95)00164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) participates in multiple cellular functions, yet the molecular mechanisms of its involvement are often unknown, given that there are no specific inhibitors for the enzyme from vertebrates. We developed antibodies against NDPK by immunization of rabbits with the enzyme from bullfrog skeletal muscle. The antibodies specifically recognized the enzyme from frog tissues, and cross-reacted with NDPK from Xenopus. In contrast to mammalian NDPK, the amphibian enzyme elicited antibodies that inhibit potently its catalytic function. We utilized the inhibitory properties of these immunoglobulins to examine the role of NDPK on the ATPgammaS-induced stimulation of Ca2+ and K+ currents of cardiac myocytes. Injection of NDPK-neutralizing Fab fragments into atrial cells reduced considerably the effect of ATPgammaS on muscarinic K+ currents, but not on Ca2+ currents. Therefore, ATPgammaS increases calcium and potassium currents of atrial cells by two distinct mechanisms. NDPK is essential for the conversion of ATPgammaS into GTPgammaS which leads to muscarinic K+ channel activation but not for the stimulation of Ca2+ currents by ATPgammaS. The results demonstrate that antibodies to frog NDPK block the activity of the enzyme in vivo and in vitro, and can be used to determine the relevance of NDPK and its catalytic activity to the function of vertebrate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X B Yi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia Medical School, Charlottesville, 22908, USA
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Blevins GT, van de Westerlo EM, Logsdon CD, Blevins PM, Williams JA. Nucleotides regulate the binding affinity of the recombinant type A cholecystokinin receptor in CHO K1 cells. REGULATORY PEPTIDES 1996; 61:87-93. [PMID: 8852809 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(95)00142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors on rat pancreatic acinar cells display two binding affinity states in the presence of adeninine and guanine triphosphates with the effect of ATP mediated by the enzyme nucleoside diphosphate kinase. To determine whether this behavior was intrinsic to a single receptor protein we studied the binding affinity of CHO cells stably transfected with a cloned rat CCKA receptor. 125I-CCK binding to intact cells at 37 degrees C revealed two affinity states for CCK of Kd values 20 pM and 2.4 nM. Membranes prepared from these cells displayed a single affinity state for CCK but two affinity states could be restored in the presence of GTP[gamma S], ATP and ATP[gamma S] but not AMP-PCP. ATP and ATP[gamma S] but not AMP-PCP were substrates for nucleoside diphosphate kinase present in CHO cell membranes and transferred their terminal phosphate to GDP. These findings indicate that the interconvertible affinity states of the CCK receptor are inherent in a single receptor protein and that nucleoside diphosphate kinase mediates the effect of ATP to regulate these two affinity states.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Blevins
- Department of Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0622, USA
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8
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Fan XT, Sherwood JL, Haslam RJ. Stimulation of phospholipase D in rabbit platelet membranes by nucleoside triphosphates and by phosphocreatine: roles of membrane-bound GDP, nucleoside diphosphate kinase and creatine kinase. Biochem J 1994; 299 ( Pt 3):701-9. [PMID: 8192658 PMCID: PMC1138077 DOI: 10.1042/bj2990701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has shown that guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and GTP stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) in rabbit platelet membranes and that these effects are greatly enhanced by pretreatment of platelets with phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C [Van der Meulen and Haslam (1990), Biochem. J. 271, 693-700]. In the present study, the effects of Mg2+, various nucleoside triphosphates and phosphocreatine (PCr) were investigated. Platelet membranes containing phospholipids labelled with [3H]glycerol were assayed for PLD in the presence of an optimal Mg2+ concentration (10 mM) by measuring [3H]phosphatidylethanol formation in incubations that included 300 mM ethanol. In membranes from phorbolester-treated platelets, the same maximal increases in PLD activity (5-fold) were seen with 1 microM GTP[S]), and 100 microM GTP. Addition of adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (ATP[S]), ITP, XTP, UTP and CTP had similar stimulatory effects, but only at > or = 1 mM. In contrast, ATP had a biphasic action, causing a maximal (2-fold) stimulation at 10 microM and smaller effects at higher concentrations; the inhibitory component of the action of ATP was blocked by 2 microM staurosporine. Guanosine 5'-[beta-thio]diphosphate decreased the stimulatory effects of ATP and ATP[S]. UDP, which can inhibit nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK), decreased the activation of PLD by ATP[S], ATP, XTP, CTP and to a lesser extent ITP, but had no effect on the actions of GTP[S] and GTP. Rabbit platelet membranes contained NDPK and addition of [gamma-32P]ATP led to the formation of [32P]GTP in amounts sufficient to explain most or all of the activation of PLD; UDP prevented GTP formation. PCr (0.04-1 mM) also stimulated membrane PLD activity, an effect that was dependent on endogenous membrane-bound creatine kinase (CK). UDP and guanosine 5'-[beta-thio]diphosphate each inhibited this effect of PCr. The results show that in rabbit platelet membranes, CK, NDPK and the GTP-binding protein that activates PLD can be functionally coupled. However, assay of membrane preparations at increasing dilutions showed that stimulation of PLD by the compounds studied, with the partial exception of ATP[S], involved diffusible rather than protein-bound intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- X T Fan
- Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Wieland T, Nürnberg B, Ulibarri I, Kaldenberg-Stasch S, Schultz G, Jakobs K. Guanine nucleotide-specific phosphate transfer by guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein beta-subunits. Characterization of the phosphorylated amino acid. J Biol Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)46818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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10
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Wieland T, Gierschik P, Jakobs KH. G protein-mediated receptor-receptor interaction: studies with chemotactic receptors in membranes of human leukemia (HL 60) cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 1992; 346:475-81. [PMID: 1470218 DOI: 10.1007/bf00168999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Differentiated human leukemia (HL 60) cells contain high numbers of receptors for the chemotactic factors, N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe) and complement component 5a (C5a), both coupled to pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins). Agonist activation of either receptor stimulated binding of the GTP analog, guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]), to membrane G proteins and by a similar extent in a non-additive manner. The possible interaction of the two receptors was studied by measuring agonist binding to one receptor in the presence of the other receptor agonist. fMet-Leu-Phe and C5a had no effects on [125I]C5a and fMet-Leu-[3H]Phe receptor binding, respectively, when studied in the absence of regulatory ligands. Similarly, the inhibitory effects of NaCl and GDP on agonist receptor binding were not altered in the presence of the other receptor agonist. In contrast, in the presence of the GTP analogs, GTP[S] and guanosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imino] triphosphate, fMet-Leu-Phe and C5a reduced the binding of [125I]C5a and fMet-Leu-[3H]Phe, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. The potencies of the GTP analogs to inhibit binding of [125I]C5a and fMet-Leu-[3H]Phe was increased about 3-fold by fMet-Leu-Phe and C5a, respectively. The data presented suggest that fMet-Leu-Phe and C5a receptors share the same G protein pool in membranes of HL 60 cells and that activation of these G proteins by one of the two receptors decreases the availability of G proteins for the other receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wieland
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Universität GH Essen, Federal Republic of Germany
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Regulatory GTP-binding proteins (ADP-ribosylation factor, Gt, and RAS) are not activated directly by nucleoside diphosphate kinase. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)37170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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12
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Lacombe ML, Jakobs KH. Nucleoside diphosphate kinases as potential new targets for control of development and cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992; 13:46-8. [PMID: 1314000 DOI: 10.1016/0165-6147(92)90020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M L Lacombe
- Unité de Biochimie Cellulaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris
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